JPH07158075A - Earth retaining member for slope surface and slope surface greening method using the member - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make efficient a work for slope planting by using an earth retaining member of high workability. CONSTITUTION:An earth retaining member 1 for slope surface is formed out of a vertical projection end 14 and a flat bearing plate 111 integrally jointed to both ends of an earth retaining wing having length L and height H. An anchor insertion hole 110 is drilled approximately through the center of the plate 111 and a water drip section 140 is drilled through the projection end 14. Then, an anchor body 71 is inserted in slope surface 2 and each bearing plate 11 for two to four members 1 is jointed to form many triangular or square grating type earth retaining sections, while the heads 70 of lock bolts are tightened with nuts. As a result, the earth retaining sections come to have the members 11 jointed to one another with the lock bolts and give a remarkable effect for retaining the earth. Also, the anchor body 71 is inserted in the slope surface 2 and both ends of each lock bolt are fastened with the plate 111. Thus, an effect is displayed for reinforcing the subsoil.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a slope retaining member for forming an earth retaining portion having excellent workability on an existing concrete spraying surface or the like, and a slope revegetation method using the same. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional rock bolt method is, as shown in FIG. 17, a drilling step (1) for making a hole 30 in a ground 3, and a grout of mortar cement or the like through a pressure hose 38 in the hole 30. Grout material filling steps (2) and (3) for filling the material 39, and then the hole 30 and the grout material 39.
Anchor placing step (4) to place the lock bolt 7 inside
And an anchor head attaching step (5) of fixing the lock bolt 7 to the head portion 70 of the lock bolt 7 using a pedestal 76 and a tightening tool such as a nut 75. A protective cap 77 may be attached to the head portion 70 of the lock bolt 7.

The lock bolt 7 generally connects the structures of the slope 2 and the ground 3 (ground) and transmits the stress received by these structures to the ground side. Therefore, the rock bolt 7 has a role of transmitting stress to the ground having a high consolidation strength, such as rock, and reinforcing and stabilizing the unstable ground.

The Rockbolt method is generally applied when the ground is alluvium, unconsolidated soft ground such as clay soil, or when the ground is unstable ground where collapse due to weathering or erosion is expected. It is a highly safe construction method with excellent workability and economic efficiency.

Further, the rock bolt construction method is applied when the slope 2 is a steep or vertical surface or for reinforcing a tunnel arch-shaped portion such as a tunnel ceiling or a side wall. This is one of the civil engineering methods that is also effective in reducing the amount as much as possible.

As shown in FIG. 18, the lock bolt 7
Is referred to as an anchor head 70, and an unstable layer 300 such as soft ground on the ground 3 side of the slope 2 is referred to as a tensile portion C, and the grout material 39 is filled and solidified. The portion may be referred to as the fixing portion D.

On the ground 3 side of the slope 2, as shown in FIG. 26, when the cavity 301 and the spring 302 are present, the ground is liable to collapse and the unstable layer 300 such as soft ground is easily collapsed.
Will be formed.

On the other hand, conventionally, for greening hard slopes 2 such as concrete sprayed surface and mortar sprayed surface, for example, wing lock vegetation method (FIG. 20), green pocket method (FIG. 21), rebar structure unit method (FIG. 25), the vegetation wall method (FIG. 23), etc. are adopted. As shown in FIG. 20, the wing lock vegetation construction method has holes (through holes) 20 at a constant pitch on a slope 2 such as a concrete sprayed surface or mortar sprayed surface having a relatively gentle slope of 1: 0.5. A rock bolt 7 with a blade plate (see FIG. 20) is driven into a predetermined hole of the hole 20, and then a base sand 4 is sprayed on the slope 2 up to the upper end of the lock bolt 7, A method of attaching the wire net 51 with the auxiliary anchor 701 and spraying an organic mixture such as seeds and compost to form the organic plant surface layer 59 (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-6817).
No. 4).

The above-mentioned green pocket construction method is shown in FIG.
As shown in 1, slopes 2 such as a concrete sprayed surface and a mortar sprayed surface where the gradient is relatively steeper than 1: 0.5.
A relatively large punched-out window 21 is formed with a certain size (for example, horizontal 0.2 to 0.6 m × vertical 0.2 to 0.4 m), and a portion where the window 21 is formed is called a green pocket. This is a construction method (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-42335) that forms a vegetation portion including a spraying portion 41, a passenger bag 42, a safety mat 43, a rib net 44, a drainage port 40, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 25, the reinforcing structure unit construction method includes a plurality of frame braces 92 formed by connecting longitudinal bars 94 and lateral bars 95 in a cross beam shape and a plurality of longitudinal main bars 9.
1 and the longitudinal main bar 91 is provided with engaging portions 93 at required intervals.
And a connecting portion 96 is formed in a single portion of the horizontal bar 95 to rotatably connect the engaging portion 93 and the connecting portion 96 (see Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-28028). The above vegetation wall method is a large block laying method that combines both slope greening and earth retaining work. As shown in FIG. 23, a large block 8 having a special predetermined shape is laid (see FIG. 24).
(Refer to FIG. 3), and the cavity 80 of the large block 8 is filled with a greening base material and earth and sand to vegetate.

[0011]

However, the above-mentioned prior art has the following problems. In the wing lock vegetation method, the work of placing a large number of lock bolts 7 with vanes is complicated.

In addition, when it takes a long time to stretch the wire net 51 (see FIG. 20), if there is rainfall after the formation of the sand base layer 4A and before the formation of the organic vegetation surface layer 59, the sand base layer is formed. Part of the layer 4A may be washed away.

On the other hand, in the green pocket method, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, a relatively large window 21 is opened on the slope 2 by using a cutting machine or the like to form a green pocket. Therefore, the work is complicated and requires a large amount of labor and the work of removing the residual material 28 from which the concrete spraying surface has been demolished is required, resulting in a high cost.

On the other hand, in the vegetation wall construction method, the transportation and stacking work of the large blocks 8 used for this are complicated,
It requires a lot of work. Therefore, such work requires a long time and may not be applicable to a relatively gentle hard slope. In other words, this method has a topsoil gradient of 1: 0.
Optimal for 3 to 0.5, but unsuitable for hard slopes more gentle than 1: 0.5.

Further, although the reinforcing bar structure unit method has a feature of being able to cope with the unevenness of the ground surface, the work of assembling the reinforcing bar at the construction site may be complicated and may take a long time.

[0016]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the means adopted by the invention according to claim 1 will be described with reference to the drawings used in the embodiments. A soil retaining member 1 for a slope formed in a state of being integrally connected to a wing portion 12, wherein the soil retaining wing portion 12 has a projecting end portion 14 or a bearing plate for a joint in a state of protruding at both ends. 111, and the earth retaining wing 12 is made of a single vertically long flat plate,
The protruding end portion 14 of the anchor support portion or the bearing plate 1
11 has an anchor insertion hole 110 at a substantially central portion,
The end surface shape of the anchor support portion 11 is a substantially cylindrical inverted T-shape or L
An earth retaining member for a slope, characterized by having any of a letter shape. It is.

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 2 is "an earth retaining member for slope 1 in which the span length L of the earth retaining blade portion 12 is 1 to 6 m."

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 3 is "an earth retaining member for slope 1 in which the height H of the earth retaining wing portion 12 is 8 to 30 cm."

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 4 is "the slope retaining member 1 is a steel plate with ribs or an aluminum alloy plate having irregularities".

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 5 is that "the anchor support portion 11 or the earth retaining wing portion 12 has a side of 8 to 3".
An earth retaining member 1 for slopes, which is a 0 cm triangle, a quadrangle or a polygon, and has a plate thickness of 1 to 10 mm. It is.

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 6 is that "the pressure-bearing plate 111 and the earth retaining wing portion 12 are closely attached to the sloped surface uneven portion 25 at the slope contact portion 17 for injection.
Soil retaining member 1 for slopes, which has 20. "
Is.

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 7 is that "holes 20 are formed in the slope 2 and the support portion 11 anchor support portion 11 and earth retaining wing portion 12 are integrally formed on these predetermined holes. The lock bolt 7 is inserted into the anchor insertion hole of the tip 14 of the earth retaining member 1 for sloped surface or the bearing plate 111, and the head 70 of the lock bolt 7 is tightened with the nut 75 to lock on the slope 2. And a large number of earth retaining portions 10 are formed by this, and then a base sand 4 is sprayed on the slope 2 to form a sand base layer 4A, and a thick layer base material 5 is sprayed on the sand base layer 4A to form two layers. A slope revegetation method characterized by forming a vegetation deep-bed layer 4B having a structure and vegetating on the deep-bed vegetation layer 4B. "

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 8 is that the above-mentioned slope retaining member 1 has a filling material 120 injected and filled into the injection bag portion 120 at the slope contact portion 17. The characteristic slope greening method. " As the fluid material 46, for example, cement milk or mortar is used.

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 9 is "a slope greening method characterized in that the thickness of the sand base layer 4A is 6 to 20 cm."

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 10 is
"The deep vegetation layer 4B has a thickness of 8 to 30 cm, and is a slope greening method."

The earth retaining wing 12 and the bearing plate 111
Has a portion (abutting portion 17 for slope) where the back surface directly contacts the slope 2. Therefore, in the case where the sloped surface unevenness portion 25 (see FIG. 2) is present on the sloped surface 2, the sloped surface abutting portion 17 has the injection bag portion 120 for closely contacting the sloped surface unevenness portion 25. Preferably there is. As a result, the slope earth retaining member 1 can be installed in a state in which it is in close contact with the sloped surface unevenness portion 25 and the like, with the filling bag portion 120 containing the fluid material 46 interposed (see FIG. 2).

The earth retaining wing 12 is preferably a mesh plate made of expanded metal, synthetic resin mesh or the like. Thereby, the earth retaining portion 10 that can be deformed into various shapes such as the uneven surface of the slope 2 can be formed due to the flexibility of the mesh plate.

The earth retaining wing portion 12 is preferably a through hole plate (see FIG. 15) or a mesh plate (see FIG. 16). As a result, the soil retaining wing portion 12 is given flexibility and is lightweight.

When the earth retaining wing portion 12 is the through hole plate or the mesh plate, the reinforcing ribs 116 and 117 are used.
(See FIGS. 12 and 16). As a result, the rigidity such as the mechanical strength of the soil retaining wing portion 12 is increased, and the durability is improved.

The anchor support portion 11 and the earth retaining wing portion 12
As a mode in which the anchor support part 11 and the earth retaining wing part 12 are integrally connected by a joining means such as press forming or welding, the anchor support part 11 and the anchor support part are integrally formed. In some cases, the sloped earth retaining member 1 is formed in an end portion of the portion 11 having either a cylindrical inverted T shape or an L shape. It is preferable that the projecting end portion 14 for the joint is connected to the earth retaining wing portion 12 in a substantially T shape and is also connected to the bearing plate 111 in a substantially L shape. This simplifies the shapes of the tip portion 14 and the bearing plate 111.

The projecting end portions 14 for joints or the bearing plates 111 in a state of projecting at both ends or one end portion of the anchor support portion 11 are, for example, triangular, square or rectangular plate-like objects, and earth retaining clasps for slopes. There is one that performs both functions of the mutual connecting portion of the member 1 and the pressure bearing plate 73 (see FIG. 18 (5)).

The anchor insertion hole 110 has a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the lock bolt 7, and is located at the center of the joint projection 14 or the bearing plate 111. Further, it is preferable that the earth retaining blade portion 12 and the bearing plate 111 have an injection bag portion 120 for closely contacting the sloped surface uneven portion 25 in the slope contact portion 17 (see FIG. 1). As a result, the earth retaining blade portion 12 and the slope contact portion 17 of the bearing plate 111 can be brought into close contact with the slope uneven portion 25 (see FIG. 2).

The soil retaining wing 12 has a prefabricated prefabricated end shape which is either a cylindrical inverted T-shape or an L-shape. For example, a steel plate, a through-hole plate, Either one having a substantially L-shaped end portion made of various materials such as a mesh plate (see FIGS. 1, 12, and 14) or a cylindrical inverted T-shaped one (see FIGS. 15 and 16). There are shapes.

The span length L of the bearing plate 111 is
It is preferably 1 to 6 m. As a result, a large number of relatively large soil retaining portions 10 can be easily and continuously formed.

The height H of the earth retaining wing 12 is 8 to 30.
It is preferably cm. This is the sand base layer 4
A, corresponding to the thickness of the thick layer base material 5 and having a function of holding these on the slope.

The earth retaining portion 10 has, for example, a zigzag arrangement (FIG. 6B), a wavy zigzag arrangement (FIGS. 4B and 5B), and one side on each of the vertical and horizontal frames. It is preferable to have a substantially lattice-like array of ˜6 m (FIG. 7B). As a result, it is possible to form the relatively large various types of the earth retaining portions 10.

The slope retaining member 1 is preferably, for example, a hot-dip galvanized steel plate or aluminum alloy plate having excellent corrosion resistance. This makes it easy to process
It is possible to configure the slope retaining member 1 having excellent durability.

The pressure bearing plate 111 has a side of 8 to 3
It is preferably a substantially triangular shape of 0 cm, a quadrangle or a polygon, and a plate thickness of 1 to 10 mm. This allows
It is possible to configure the bearing plate 111 that is lightweight and has excellent durability.

The anchor support portion 11 and the earth retaining wing portion 12
Preferably has an injection bag portion 120 for closely contacting the sloped surface contact portion 17 with the sloped surface uneven portion 25. Accordingly, after the slope retaining material 1 is applied to the slope 2, the fluid 46 such as cement milk is injected into the injecting bag portion 120 to correspond to the uneven shape of the slope 2 and the retaining soil 1
The slope contact portion 17 of 0 can be brought into close contact with the sloped surface 25 (see FIGS. 2 and 9).

The bag 120 for injection is made of, for example, a synthetic resin material having durability and elasticity, and the fluid 4
A bag-shaped product having 6 injection ports 121, which is joined to the slope contact portion 17 with an adhesive or the like, is used (see FIG. 1).

The grid-like soil retaining portion 10 has anchor supporting portions 11 and soil retaining wings 12 in the case of heavy rainfall such as heavy rain.
By the L-shaped drainage groove 122 (see FIG. 1) in the front upper corner L-shaped portion formed by the above, it is possible to easily cause the excess water to flow downward (arrow).

The hole 20 has a diameter of, for example, 20 to 60 m.
m is a hole that penetrates the entire slope 2 of the existing concrete spraying surface, mortar spraying surface, etc. (T1) of 7 to 30 cm, and various rock drills 86 are used as the drilling method. Moreover, about 4 to 10 holes 20 are provided per 1 m ² . Here, the lock bolts 7 are provided at predetermined positions in the holes 20, for example, in a staggered arrangement (see FIG. 6B) on each vertex or side (see FIG. 6A) of the substantially quadrangle. To set. Then, a water conduit (for example, a vegetation cylinder having a capillary action) for efficiently collecting the permeated water 31 on the natural ground 3 side and facilitating the introduction to the slope side is fitted into the remaining other holes 20, for example. It is preferable to insert or sufficiently fill and fill the base sand 4.

The base sand 4 is sprayed onto the surface of the slope 2 having a relatively gentle slope (1: 0.5 or less), such as an existing concrete spraying surface or mortar spraying surface, by using an air pump or the like. . Thereby, for example, the thickness is 6 to 20 cm
The sand base layer 4A is formed. The sand is, for example, coarse sand having a particle size of 0.2 to 2.0 mm, 0.02 to 0.2 mm.
The fine sand, the fine sand of 0.002 to 0.02 mm, and the like mixed with river sand and mountain sand at an appropriate ratio are used. Further, the mountain sand may contain silt (clay) having a particle size of less than 0.02 mm.

The thick-layer base material 5 is preferably made of organic active fertilizer, mineral burning lightweight material, humic acid substance, polymer flocculant and plant seed. As the organic active fertilizer,
For example, there are various plant-based recycled materials such as bark compost, peat moss, and mulch (green manure). Examples of the polymer flocculant include adhesive polymer materials such as acrylic resin, polyvinyl (PVC) resin, and melamine resin. Examples of the mineral-fired lightweight material include pearlite fired foam, obsidian fired foam, vermiculite fired foam, and diatomaceous earth foam particles. Examples of the humic acid substance include various plant-based recyclable materials such as coconut husks, rice straw, deciduous leaves, sawdust, and green manure. Examples of the plant seeds include lawn, Kentucky 31, creeping, timothy, and yamahagi.
The sand base layer 4A preferably has a thickness of 6 to 20 cm. As a result, the rooting of the plant 6 is improved and the growth of the plant 6 is improved (see FIG. 13). The vegetation deep bed layer 4B preferably has a thickness of 8 to 30 cm. As a result, the plant 6 having a relatively large height can be vegetated (planted).

As the binder constituting the sand base layer 4A, for example, various cements, water glass,
There are gypsum and other organic polymer substances. The slope retaining member 1 is preferably made of a steel plate or an aluminum alloy plate having uneven ribs 125 (see FIGS. 12 and 16) on the anchor support portion 11 and the retaining blade portion 12. As a result, the rigidity of the slope retaining member 1 is improved, and the durability of the slope retaining member 1 is increased. In addition, the cross sections of the anchor support portion 11 and the earth retaining wing portion 12 are increased to increase their stress resistance, and the anchor support portion 11,
The plate thickness of the soil retaining wing portion 12 can be reduced, resulting in a light weight.

The lock bolt 7 has, for example, a thread groove 700 for screwing the nut 75 in the head portion 70, and is provided below the head portion in the projecting end portion 14 and the substantially central portion of the bearing plate 111. It is used by inserting it from the tip portion 711 into the anchor insertion hole 110 (see FIGS. 2 to 11).
Thereby, for example, the pressure bearing plates 111 of two to four slope retaining members 1 are overlapped with each other via the lock bolts 7, and the lock bolts 7 and the nuts 75 are tightened to fasten the slope retaining members 1 to each other. Can be connected.

L existing on the front side of the slope retaining member 1
A material for forming a vegetation part including, for example, a vegetation bag and a customer soil bag 42 (see FIG. 21), such as a vegetation bag and a customer soil bag, can be placed on the character portion 122 (see FIG. 11). It preferably has a size. Thereby, the vegetation part is a pocket part in the conventional green pocket construction method,
Alternatively, it has a function as a hollow portion 80 (see FIG. 24) of a large block in the vegetation wall construction method, and can replace the vegetation portion in these conventional construction methods.

The earth retaining wing 12, the joint tip 14, and the bearing plate 111 are made of metal material such as hot-dip galvanized steel material or aluminum alloy, which is elastic and rigid. It is preferable to configure.

The slope 2 is, for example, an existing aging concrete spraying surface, mortar spraying surface, retaining wall, hard rock, or the like.

Examples of the grout material 39 include cement milk and mortar.

On the other hand, the lock bolt 7 preferably has an anchor length of 1 to 5 m. As a result, the lock bolt 7 has the hollow portion 301 and the spring portion 30 on the ground 3 side.
Even when a part of the unstable layer 300 such as soft ground exists, the unstable layer 300 can be easily reinforced with the rock bolt.

Further, the above-mentioned slope retaining member 1 has an L-shaped end surface (see FIGS. 1, 12, and 14) or an inverted cylindrical T-shape (see FIGS. 15 and 16). It is preferable that these are integrally pressed. This facilitates the production of the slope retaining member 1 and reduces the cost. When a load such as the sand base layer 4A is applied to the earth retaining blade portion 12, this portion mainly serves as an earth retaining work. Moreover, by this, the sand base layer 4A, the deep vegetation layer 4B
Can be securely held.

[0053]

The operation of the slope retaining member of the present invention and the slope greening method using the same constructed as above will be described with reference to the drawings of the embodiments. In the soil retaining member 1 for slopes according to the present invention, the soil retaining member 12 has the projecting end portion 14 of the joint portion or the bearing plate 111 in a state of protruding at both ends or one end. for that reason,
For example, each bearing plate 111 of the earth retaining member 1 for 2 to 4 slopes, the lock bolt 7 and its head 70, the nut 7
By connecting to each other using fasteners such as 5
On the slope 2, it is possible to easily form a large number of continuous earth retaining portions 10 having, for example, an oblique lattice shape or a wave shape (see FIGS. 4 to 7). Also, in this case, each earth retaining portion 10
Since the slope retaining members 1 are firmly connected to each other via the lock bolts 7, an excellent retaining effect that can firmly hold the sand base layer 4A and the like can be exhibited.

In the head portion 70 of the lock bolt 7, the bearing plate 111 for the joint is attached to the nut 7.
5, the anchor body 71 is fixed to the slope 2 through the fasteners such as the pedestal 76, and the anchor main body 71 is inserted on the side of the natural ground 3 to reinforce the lock bolt like a reinforcing bar. The bearing plate 111 and the grout material 39 are attached and fixed. As a result, the head 70 of the lock bolt 7 is supported, and the rock bolt is reinforced on the ground 3 side and the both ends of the lock bolt 7 are fixed to tighten the unstable layer 300 such as the soft ground of the ground 3. A reinforcing effect is provided. This is to stabilize and stabilize the unstable layer 300 such as soft ground existing in a part on the ground side by the lock bolt by the tensile resistance, shear resistance, bending resistance, etc. of the anchor body 71 in the lock bolt 7. At the same time, this is due to the bearing effect of the bearing plate 111 clamped and fixed to the slope 2 such as the concrete spraying surface or the mortar spraying surface. Therefore, according to the slope greening method of the present invention, it is possible to strengthen and stabilize the unstable layer 300 such as soft ground existing in a part of the ground 3 side, and cracks 29 and the like start to occur. The aging slope 2 (see FIG. 16) can be efficiently restored and reinforced.

On the other hand, by holding the sand base layer 4A and the thick layer base material 5 by the earth retaining wings 12 of the slope retaining member 1, the slope 2 is stabilized and the entire surface of the lawn or ivy is stabilized. It is possible to efficiently vegetate plants and shrubs. Therefore, according to the slope greening method of the present invention, the bearing plate 11 of the slope retaining member 1 is provided.
An anchoring method that can firmly connect each other at the connecting portion such as 1 is also used, and the unstable layer 300 such as soft ground on the slope 2 and the ground 3 side is reinforced by the rock bolt, and the slope 2 Slope retaining member 1 formed on the slope
It is possible to form the earth retaining portion 10 having an increased intersection strength and efficiently green the entire surface layer portion of the slope 2 to improve the scenery.

In addition, in the case where the slope contact portion 17 has the injection bag portion 120 for closely contacting the sloped surface uneven portion, the fluid 46 such as cement milk is filled in the injection bag portion 120. The slope contact portion 17 can be brought into close contact with the sloped surface uneven portion 25 by using Pascal's principle that the fluid 46 is sent into the bag 120 for injection at a uniform pressure by the injection filling. .

The end surface shape of the slope retaining member 1 is L.
In the case of a character shape, the corner portion on the front upper side of the L shape functions as a drainage groove, and functions as a gutter for preventing erosion against a large amount of temporary rain. Further, since the slope retaining member 1 is prefabricated by processing the end shape into any one of the above shapes in a factory or the like in advance, the number of assembling steps at the construction site is reduced and the workability is improved.
Therefore, the slope retaining member 1 of the present invention and the slope revegetation method using the slope retaining member 1 can be applied to a slope 2 such as a concrete sprayed surface or a mortar sprayed surface on a highway, a steep slope, a reclaimed land, etc.
On the other hand, the conventional wing lock vegetation method (Fig. 20) has a greening effect on the entire slope and the conventional rock bolt method (Fig. 18) has the effect of reinforcing rock bolts such as preventing collapse of the inside of the ground. Can be realized.

[0058]

【Example】

(Example 1) FIGS. 1 to 10 are used for the slope retaining member which is an example of the present invention, and FIGS. 15, 16 and 18 are used.
And FIG. 19 will be described. In this example, first, as shown in FIG.
The slope earth retaining member 1 having a character-shaped anchor support portion 11 and a flat bearing plate 111 connected to the anchor support portion 11 is used. Then, as shown in FIG. 13, a large number of holes 20 are provided by using a rock drilling machine on a slope 2 (having a thickness of about 10 cm) such as an existing concrete spraying surface or mortar spraying surface in the vicinity of an expressway or the like. These holes 20 have a hole diameter of 40 to 6
5 mm to 7 pieces per 1 m ^{2 on the} slope 2 at 0 mm. And
The slope 2 is intended for a slope having an aging state in which a crack 29 (see FIG. 26) or the like is partly generated and the slope is gentler than 1: 0.5. When the slope 2 has irregularities, concrete or mortar can be sprayed on the slope 2 in advance to smooth the entire surface.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, for example, a large number of slope retaining members 1 are used to support the pressure bearing plate 111.
The lock bolt 7 is driven into the anchor insertion hole 110 of No. 1, and the waveform is zigzag (see FIG. 4B), continuous unevenness (see FIG. 5B), and zigzag (see FIG. 6B). Anchors are arranged in any of a substantially diagonal grid pattern (see FIG. 7B). In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, each span length L of the soil retaining blade portion 12 is about 2 m. The height H of the earth retaining wing 12 and the tip 14 is about 15 cm. Then, each of the projecting end portions 14 has a draining portion 140.

On the other hand, when the unevenness 25 of the slope is left on a part of the slope 2, in the slope contact portion 17 of the earth retaining member 1 for slope, as shown in FIGS. It is also possible to use the one having the injection bag portion 120 for closely adhering the pressure bearing plate 111 for the joint in a state of protruding at both ends or one end to the sloped surface uneven portion 25. This makes it possible to form the earth retaining portion 10 that is in close contact with the sloped surface uneven portion 25.

On the other hand, a part of the above-mentioned slope earth retaining member 1 is
As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, a lightweight and highly elastic slope retaining member 1 in which the anchor support portion 11 and the soil retaining blade portion 12 are made of a through hole plate or a mesh plate is used. As a result, the work for forming the soil retaining portion 10 becomes quicker and easier, and the slope 2
The shape of the earth retaining portion 10 can be slightly deformed in accordance with the unevenness of.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the hole 2
0 and the hole 30 in the ground 3 is filled with a grout material 39 such as mortar cement or cement milk.

It should be noted here that, when the hole 20 is provided on the slope 2, the soft ground such as the cavity 301 and the spring 302 is formed in a part of the ground 3 side as shown in FIG. When the unstable layer 300 such as the above exists, the grout material 39 such as cement milk is press-fitted through the hole 20 through the hose 38 to reinforce and stabilize the unstable layer 300 such as the soft ground. It is important to keep it.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, starting from a reference line 19 provided on the upper shoulder, a triangular or quadrangular lattice-like earth retaining portion 10 is continuously formed downward (in the direction of the arrow). To do. As a result, for example, the earth retaining portion 10 in the shape of an oblique lattice
(FIG. 7) can also be formed continuously. Then, as shown in FIGS. 24 (1) to (5), the anchor body 71 of the lock bolt 7 is inserted into the hole 20 filled with the grout material 39, and then the grout material 39 is solidified so that the soft ground or the like is not solidified. The tension portion C, which was the stable layer 300, is clamped and fixed by the pressure bearing plate 111 and the fixing portion D. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, at the head portion 70 of the lock bolt 7, the pressure bearing plate 73 is clamped against the surface of the slope 2 by using a fastener such as a nut 75 and a pedestal 76. Attach and fix by doing so.

Then, as shown in FIG. 13, the sand base layer 4 is blown against the slope 2 up to a position near the anchor head 70 by a pressure feeder to form a sand base layer 4A having a thickness of about 12 cm. It should be noted that the holes 2 other than this in which the lock bolts 7 are placed
No. 0 has a water conduit (not shown) inserted in advance or the base sand 4
Is fully injected and filled. Then, as shown in FIG. 13, a thickness of about 3 cm is provided above the sand base layer 4A.
The thick layer base material 5 is sprayed. As a result, a deep vegetation bed 4B consisting of two layers having a total thickness of about 15 cm is formed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 13, for example, lawn, ivy, yamahagi, etc. are vegetated in the deep vegetation bed layer 4B, which is firmly held entirely by the slope retaining member 1, and the plant is the base sand 4, It was possible to grow strongly on the thick-layer base material 5 and the like and efficiently green the entire slope to improve the landscape.

Here, as the base sand 4, river sand in which fine sand, coarse sand, fine sand and the like are appropriately mixed is used. And
Base sand 4 is 89% by weight of river sand, 7% by weight of water, 2% by weight of binder such as cement, 1.5% by weight of greening base material such as bark compost, and 0.5% by weight of solid fertilizer and trace amount. It is composed of a sandy mixture consisting of plant growth materials such as elements (molybdenum, boric acid, etc.). As a result, the sand base layer 4A with good rooting of the plant 6 is formed. The thick layer base material 5 is composed of a plant base material such as bark compost, peat moss, perlite, corrosive soil, and coconut husk fiber mixed with plant seeds such as the lawn. This thick layer base material 5 is
The plant bed is mainly suitable for germination of plant seeds.

On the other hand, when the pore volume of the sand base layer 4A was measured by a predetermined method, the average value (n = 10) was 35 ± 2% by volume. Therefore, the permeated water 31 introduced into the sand base layer 4A from the ground 3 through the hole 20 brings about a sand drain effect of moving through the pore gaps of the base sand 4 by the action of capillarity, and the sand base layer 4A forms the plant 6 It will exhibit the optimum three-phase distribution for growth.

The sand base layer 4A and the thick layer base material 5 are also provided.
In the deep vegetation bed 4B having a two-layer structure consisting of
Growth is promoted, especially when the thickness of the sand base layer 4A is 1
Since it is 2 to 15 cm, the rooting of the plant 6 is improved. In addition, the root 61 of the plant 6 causes the deep vegetation layer 4B to reach the slope 2
A stable deep vegetation bed 4B is formed which is stably maintained above and does not collapse even when a large amount of water temporarily moves such as heavy rain. In addition, the pressure-bearing plate 111 and the soil retaining wing 12 of the slope retaining member 1 cause the injection bag 120 to come into close contact with the sloped uneven portion 25. Can be stabilized and the slope 2 can be stabilized.

On the other hand, in this example, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the lock bolt 7 is inserted into the hole 20 to reinforce the lock bolt like a reinforcing bar, and both ends of the lock bolt 7 are supported. It is fixed by the plate 111 and the grout material 39. This brings about the effect of supporting the head portion 70 of the lock bolt 7, and the effect of reinforcing the rock bolt on the ground side and fixing the both ends of the rock bolt 7 to the unstable layer 300 such as the soft ground of the ground 3. It has a tightening effect. Therefore, according to the slope greening method using the slope retaining member 1 of the present invention, it is possible to strengthen and stabilize the unstable layer 300 such as soft ground existing in a part of the ground 3 side by ground reinforcement. It is possible to efficiently repair and reinforce the surface of the aging slope 2 (see FIG. 26) where cracks 29 and the like have begun to occur due to the newly-founded base sand 4 and the like on the slope 2. You can

(Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The height of the soil retaining wing 12 is 20 cm, and the span length L is 2 m.
Then, by using the earth retaining member 1 for slopes having an end face shape of a triangular L shape, the earth retaining portion 10 having a corrugated shape on the slope 2 can be relatively easily formed.
(See FIG. 4 (B)) A slope-vegetation construction method capable of continuously forming a large number is performed.

First, as in the first embodiment, holes 20 are formed on the slope 2 and then two bearing plates 111 for joints of the earth retaining member 1 for slope are formed on the holes 20.
The lock bolts 7 are piled up one by one and inserted into the anchor insertion holes 110 of the bearing plate 111, and the bolts 75 are inserted.
Screw on. Thereby, a large number of corrugated earth retaining portions 10 (FIG. 4B) can be formed by a relatively simple method. By arranging the earth retaining portions 10 in a grid shape in which vertically symmetrical waveforms are combined, the earth retaining portions 10 (FIG. 7) in an oblique lattice shape can be continuously formed. The slope retaining member 1 having a through hole 125 (see FIG. 15), a mesh plate (see FIG. 16), and a frame 126 (see FIGS. 12 and 16) can also be used. 11, 12 and 14, reference numeral 1
Reference numeral 12 represents a welded portion.

Then, as in the case of Example 1, first, the base sand 4 is sprayed on the slope 2 to form the sand base layer 4A having a thickness of about 15 cm. Then, a thick layer base material 5 is sprayed on it to form a two-layered vegetation deep bed layer 4B having a total thickness of about 20 cm (see FIG. 13). Then, by forming the earth retaining member 1 for slopes which is reinforced with the intersections by the rock bolts 7, the sand base layer 4A and the thick layer base material 5 are firmly held, and the vegetation deep bed layer 4B having these two-layer structure is formed.
The lawn, ivy, shrubs, etc. are efficiently vegetated (planting) on the entire slope 2 while preventing downward movement of the trees and preventing slipping.
can do. Therefore, according to the slope retaining member 1 of the present invention and the slope revegetation method using the slope retaining member 1, the unstable layer 300 such as the soft ground on the slope 2 and the ground 3 side can be reinforced by the rock bolts. , The entire surface of the slope 2 can be efficiently greened to improve the landscape. Therefore, according to the slope greening method of the present invention, on the slope 2 having a relatively steep slope such as a concrete spraying surface or a mortar spraying surface, the effect of greening the entire slope by the conventional wing lock vegetation method and the conventional rock bolt It is possible to simultaneously exert the effect of reinforcing the rock bolt inside the natural ground by the construction method.

Further, in this example, since the prefabricated earth retaining member 1 for slopes that is relatively lightweight can be used, the earth retaining portion 10 has a simple framework and is excellent in rigidity.
Can also be easily formed.

(Embodiment 3) In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the height H of the soil retaining blade portion 12 is 25 cm, the span length L is 2.5 m, and the end face shape is a substantially cylindrical inverted T-shape. Using the earth retaining member 1 for slopes having the anchor support portion 11 of the above, instead of the conventional green pocket construction method (see FIG. 21) and vegetation wall construction method (see FIG. 23), a simple slope revegetation construction method is implemented. Is.

Further, in the earth retaining portion 10 of the earth retaining member 1 for slopes of this example, first, the customer soil bag 42 (see FIG.
1)), and then 88% by weight of river sand, 7.0% by weight of water, and a binder such as cement on the other portions.
5% by weight, 2.0% by weight of greening base material such as bark compost, and the balance of solid fertilizer, plant growth material such as trace elements, and binder-rich base sand 4 consisting of plant seeds, and a thickness of about 20 cm The sand base layer 4A was formed. Then, the thick layer base material 4 is sprayed on the sand base layer 4A,
Vegetation deep bed layer 4 consisting of a two-layer structure with a total thickness of 25 cm
B was formed (see FIG. 13). As a result, the conventional green pocket method and vegetation wall method (see Fig. 23)
It is possible to form a simple vegetation deep bed layer 4B that replaces the above (see FIGS. 11 and 13). This is because the height H of the soil retaining blade portion 12 of the slope retaining earth retaining member 1 having the substantially cylindrical inverted T-shaped anchor support portion 11 is about 25 cm, which is relatively large, and the cylindrical portion 140 has this soil. This is because the retaining wings 12 are supported stably from both sides. Therefore, according to this example, the gradient is relatively steep (1:
0.5 to 0.4), the soil retaining portion 10 having a depth slightly deeper than that of the first and second embodiments is formed by a simple construction method, so that the vegetation portion and the thickness of the guest soil bag 42 are reduced. The vegetation deep bed layer 4B of about 25 cm can be formed.

[0076]

As described above in detail, in the invention according to claim 1, as illustrated in the first embodiment, "in the state where the anchor support portion 11 and the earth retaining wing portion 12 are integrally connected to each other. In the formed earth retaining member 1 for slopes, the earth retaining wing portion 12 has a projecting tip portion 14 or a bearing plate 111 for a joint in a state of protruding at both ends, and the earth retaining wing portion 12 is horizontally long. The vertical end portion of the anchor support member has a substantially cylindrical inverted T-shape or L-shape, and the protruding end portion 14 or the bearing plate 111 has an anchor insertion hole 110 at a substantially central portion. Soil retaining member 1 for slope surface having any one of the above shapes. By this, for example, the bearing plate 111 can be easily connected via the lock bolt 7 to construct the soil retaining portion 10 on the slope 2. It can be formed well That.

According to the slope earth retaining member 1 of the second aspect, since the span length L is 1 to 6 m, the relatively large soil retaining portion 10 is formed continuously and within a short time with good workability. be able to.

According to the slope earth retaining member 1 of the third aspect, since the height H of the soil retaining wings 12 is relatively large at 8 to 30 cm, it is composed of the sand base layer 4A and the thick layer base material 5. The vegetation deep bed layer 4B having a two-layer structure with a thickness of 8 to 30 cm can be easily formed.

According to the slope earth retaining member 1 of the fourth aspect, since it is a steel plate or aluminum alloy having uneven ribs, it is excellent in durability and steel property.

According to the slope earth retaining member 1 of the fifth aspect, the plate thickness of the anchor support portion 11 and the soil retaining blade portion 12 is 1 or less.
Since it is a perforated plate or mesh plate of 10 mm, it is lightweight and has excellent elasticity.

According to the slope retaining member 1 according to the sixth aspect, the injection bag portion 12 is in close contact with the sloped portion 25 at the slope contact portion 17 of the bearing plate 111 and the retaining blade portion 12.
Since it has 0, it is possible to form the soil retaining portion 10 that can be changed in accordance with the shape of the sloped uneven portion 25.

According to the slope greening method according to the seventh aspect, since the slope retaining member 1 for the slope is prefabricated in the shape of the end in either a cylindrical inverted T shape or an L shape,
The earth retaining part 10 can be easily assembled and is excellent in workability. Further, the lock bolts 7 are used to, for example, support each pressure support plate 111.
Since the soil retaining portion 10 can be assembled by easily connecting them, the unstable layer 300 such as the soft ground on the side of the natural ground 3 is reinforced by the rock bolts, and the soil retaining member 1 for slope is used for the vegetation depth of the two-layer structure. By firmly holding the floor layer 4B, the entire surface of the slope 2 can be greened efficiently and with good workability.

According to the slope greening method according to the eighth aspect, the method in the state where the fluid material 46 is injected and filled in the injection bag portion 120 for closely contacting the sloped surface 25 at the slope contact portion 17. Since the soil retaining member 1 for a surface is used, the soil retaining portion 10 can be easily assembled on the uneven slope 25, and the slope 2 can be fixed in close contact with the soil retaining member 10 for excellent workability.

According to the slope greening method of the ninth aspect, since the thickness of the sand base layer 4A is 6 to 20 cm, the rooting of the plant 6 is improved and the growth of the plant 6 is improved.

According to the slope greening method according to claim 10,
Since the deep vegetation layer 4B has a thickness of 8 to 30 cm, a strong earth retaining part 10 is relatively constructed by a relatively simple construction method for the vegetation part (see FIG. 11) that replaces the conventional green pocket construction method and vegetation block construction method. It can be formed with good properties.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a slope retaining member according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a connecting portion of the slope retaining member according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view (b) showing the earth retaining members for slopes (a) and the arrangement state thereof in a state where they are cast in a horizontal row in Example 1.

FIG. 4 is a plan view (B) showing the slope retaining member (a) in a corrugated state and the arrangement thereof in Example 1.

FIG. 5 is a plan view (B) showing the slope retaining member (a) in a state of being cast in a continuous concavo-convex shape and the arrangement state thereof in Example 1.

FIG. 6 is a plan view (b) showing the slope retaining member (a) in a staggered arrangement and the arrangement thereof in Example 1.

FIG. 7 is a plan view (B) showing the slope retaining member (a) cast in an oblique lattice shape and the arrangement state thereof in Example 1.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state in which pressure bearing plates for joints of the slope retaining member in Example 1 are connected.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a state in which the joint bearing plates in the first embodiment are connected.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a number of connected support plates for joints in the first embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a state in which the slope retaining member according to the first embodiment is fixed and a vegetation portion is formed on the front side.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a slope retaining member of another aspect according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a vegetation state on a slope formed by using the slope retaining member according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a slope retaining member according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a side view of the slope retaining member according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a slope retaining member of another aspect according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing each step of a conventional rock bolt construction method.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a lock bolt used in a conventional lock bolt construction method.

FIG. 19 is a plan view of the vicinity of a lock bolt of a conventional lock bolt construction method.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing a vegetation state by a conventional wing lock vegetation method.

FIG. 21 is a sectional view showing a vegetation state by a conventional green pocket method.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing a problem of the conventional green pocket method.

FIG. 23 is a sectional view showing a vegetation state by a conventional vegetation wall method.

FIG. 24 is a perspective view of a large block used in a conventional vegetation wall method.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional reinforcing bar structure unit construction method.

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional unstable layer such as soft ground on the ground side.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Earth retaining member for slope 10 Earth retaining portion 11 Anchor support portion 111 Bearing plate 12 Earth retaining blade portion 120 Injection bag portion 14 Tip end portion 140 Cylindrical anchoring portion 2 Slope surface 20 Hole 3 Rock mass 30 Drilling hole 4 Base sand 4A Sand base layer 4B Vegetation deep bed layer 5 Thick layer base material 6 Plant 7 Rock bolt 71 Anchor body 75 Bolt 76 Pedestal

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. An earth retaining member for a slope formed by integrally connecting an anchor supporting portion and an earth retaining wing, wherein the earth retaining wing is for a joint in a state of protruding at both ends. Of the above, the earth retaining wing portion is composed of one horizontally-long vertical flat plate object, and the tip end or the pressure support plate has an anchor insertion hole at a substantially central portion, The earth retaining member for slopes, wherein the end surface of the anchor support portion has a substantially cylindrical inverted T shape or an L shape. 2. The earth retaining wing has a span length L of 1 to 6.
Soil retaining member for slopes, characterized by being m. 3. The earth retaining wing has a height H of 8 to 30 c.
Soil retaining member for slopes, characterized by being m. 4. The earth retaining member for slopes, wherein the earth retaining member for slopes is made of a steel plate or an aluminum alloy plate having ribs having irregularities. 5. The pressure bearing plate has a side of 8 to 30c.
m is a triangle, a quadrangle, or a polygon, and the plate thickness is 1
Soil retaining member for slopes, characterized in that it is 10 mm. 6. The earth retaining member for slope surface, characterized in that the bearing plate and the earth retaining wing portion have an injection bag portion for closely contacting the sloped surface uneven portion at the slope contact portion. . 7. A sloped earth retaining member using an earth retaining member for slope which integrally has an anchor support portion having an anchor insertion hole and an earth retaining wing portion on these predetermined holes. Alternatively, anchor bolts are anchored in the anchor insertion holes of the bearing plate, and the anchor bolts and the heads thereof are tightened with nuts to anchor the anchor bolts on the slope, thereby forming a plurality of earth retaining portions, and then the anchor bolts are formed. It is characterized in that a base sand is sprayed on the surface to form a sand base layer, and a thick base material is sprayed on this to form a vegetation deep bed layer having a two-layer structure, and the vegetation deep bed layer is vegetated. Slope greening method. 8. The slope surface greening method, wherein the slope retaining member has a filling bag portion filled with a fluid material at a slope contact portion. 9. The sand base layer has a thickness of 6 to 20.
Slope greening method characterized by being cm. 10. The deep vegetation layer has a thickness of 8 to 30 cm.
Slope greening method characterized by being.