JPH11244720A - Uniaxially shearing type crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently execute shearing crush of a material to be crushed of a lap film or the like by a method wherein an edge part of a fixed edge is composed of two concave curve-like ridge lines which adjoin each other by forming an almost V-character shape conforming to loci on faces of the fixed edge of two linear ridge lines which adjoin each other as an edge part of a rotary edge. SOLUTION: An edge part 6a of a rotary edge 6 comprises two linear ridge lines which adjoin each other in an almost V-character shape. Then, an edge part 7a of a rotary edge 7 is formed of a part of two concave curve-like ridge lines which adjoin each other by forming an almost character V-shape conforming to loci P on faces of two linear ridge lines which adjoin each other as the edge part 6a of the rotary edge 6. Further, the edge part 6a comprising the linear ridge line of the rotary edge 6 holds a specific clearance C to the edge part 7a of the fixed edge 7 on the face of the fixed edge 7. Thereby, a shearing crush efficiency can be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a single-shaft shearing crusher for crushing, for example, municipal waste and industrial waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a single-shaft shearing crusher of this kind,
As disclosed in JP-A-8-103678, a crushing chamber is formed in a crushing machine, a rotating shaft is horizontally provided in the crushing chamber, and a roll-shaped rotating body is disposed on the rotating shaft. 2. Description of the Related Art There is known a structure in which a plurality of rotary blades are provided on an outer peripheral portion, and a fixed blade for shearing and crushing an object to be crushed is provided in the crushing machine in cooperation with the rotary blade.

[0003]

However, in the case of these conventional structures, as shown in FIG. 12, for example, the rotary blade a is formed in the shape of a square column having a square cross section, and the rotary blade a has approximately four ridge lines on the surface thereof. Two adjacent linear ridges forming a V shape are defined as a blade portion b, and a fixed blade c is formed with a blade portion d including two ridge lines corresponding to the blade portion b including two ridge lines. The rake face, which is the surface of the blade c, is arranged so as to be shifted with respect to the rotation axis of the rotary shaft, and the rake face of the rotary blade and the rake face, which is the surface of the fixed blade, have a certain shear angle at the start of shearing. As shown in FIG. 13, where the angle between the two ridges of the blade portion b of the rotary blade a is φ, the rotary blade a
When the blade portion b consisting of the two ridge lines rotates, the locus P of the blade portion b of the rotary blade a on the rake surface, which is the surface of the fixed blade c, is set to a changing angle β smaller than the angle φ. (Β <
φ), in this case, φ = 90 degrees, so that it is smaller than 90 degrees (β <90), and the locus P has a concave curve shape. That is, although the locus P has a concave curve shape, FIG. As described above, the two ridge lines of the blade portion d of the fixed blade c are defined as a fixed angle B connecting the blade edge and the blade edge of the trajectory P, and in this case, a part of an approximate straight line K of about 80 degrees is defined as the blade portion d. It is considered that the clearance between the blade portion b and the blade portion d is not constant, and the clearance between the blade edge and the blade edge is large and small in the middle of the blade.
As a result, for example, there is an inconvenience that the shearing and crushing efficiency of the crushed material in the form of a wrap film or a film sheet may not be improved, and the shearing and crushing efficiency may be reduced.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve these problems, and among the present invention, the invention according to claim 1 forms a crushing chamber in a crushing machine, and the crushing chamber is provided. A rotating shaft is provided horizontally, a rotating body is provided on the rotating shaft, a rotating blade is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the rotating body, and the crushing machine body cooperates with the rotating blade to shear the object to be crushed. A fixed blade to be crushed is provided, and the rake face of the fixed blade is shifted with respect to the rotation axis of the rotating shaft so that the rake face of the rotary blade and the rake face of the fixed blade start shearing. At times, the blades of the rotary blade are arranged at a certain shear angle, and the blade portion of the rotary blade is formed of two linear ridges adjacent to each other in a substantially V shape, and the blade portion of the fixed blade serves as the blade portion of the rotary blade. Adjacent to each other in a substantially V-shape adapted to the trajectory of the two adjacent linear ridge lines on the rake face of the fixed blade. One of a uniaxially shearing crusher, characterized in that it consists of concave-curved edge line.

[0005] In the invention according to claim 2, a crushing chamber is formed in the crushing machine body, a rotating shaft is provided horizontally in the crushing chamber, and a rotating body is provided on the rotating shaft. A rotary blade is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the body, a fixed blade for shearing and crushing the object to be crushed in cooperation with the rotary blade is provided on the crushing machine body, and the rake face of the fixed blade is rotated by the above-described rotating method. The rake face of the rotary blade and the rake face of the fixed blade are arranged at a certain shear angle at the start of shearing by being offset from the axis of rotation of the shaft, and the blade portion of the fixed blade is substantially V And the blade portion of the rotary blade coincides with the two adjacent linear ridge lines as the blade portion of the fixed blade on the rake face of the fixed blade. A uniaxial shearing type crusher comprising two concave curved ridges adjacent to each other in a substantially V-shape adapted to a trajectory; Located in.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the rotary blade is formed in the shape of a prism having a square cross section, and two ridges adjacent to each other in a substantially V shape among four ridges on the surface of the rotary blade. In the invention according to claim 4, a plurality of the rotating blades are arranged with a certain phase difference in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the fixed blade is The two adjacent blades are formed in a long plate shape, and substantially V-shaped opposed to a plurality of blade portions formed of two ridges adjacent to the fixed blade in a substantially V shape of the plurality of rotary blades. A plurality of blades formed of ridges are formed in a saw blade shape, and the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the rake face of the fixed blade is a rotary shaft with respect to a horizontal axis. Characterized by being inclined forward and downward toward.

[0007]

1 to 11 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 1 to 8 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
11 to 11 show a second embodiment.

In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, reference numeral 1 denotes a crushing machine, in which a crushing chamber 2 is formed. An omitting pushing mechanism is provided, a rotating shaft 4 is provided laterally in the crushing chamber 2, and a rotating mechanism (not shown) for rotating the rotating shaft 4 is provided. A plurality of rotary blades 6 are arranged in a helix with a predetermined phase difference on the outer peripheral portion of the rotary body 5, and the crushed object W is sheared and crushed in the crushing machine body 1 in cooperation with the rotary blade 6. And a screen plate 8 having a discharge hole 8a below the rotary blade 6.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, the rotary blade 6 is formed in the shape of a prism having a square cross section, and two of the four ridges that are substantially V-shaped and adjacent to each other are used as the blade 6a. However, the angle φ between the two ridge lines of the blade portion b is 90
Degrees (φ = 90 degrees), a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 5 a are formed in parallel on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 5, and a fitting concave groove 5 b is formed at a central position of each arc-shaped groove 5 a with a constant phase difference. The mounting block 9 is mounted in the fitting concave groove 5b with a bolt 10, and a 90-degree V-shaped receiving surface 9a is formed on the mounting block 9, and the V-shaped receiving surface 9a is adjacent to the rotary blade 6 in a spiral shape. The rotary blade 6 is removably fixed to the mounting block 9 by a fixing bolt 11 and the rotary blade 6 is rotated by 180 degrees with respect to the mounting block 9 mounted on the rotary body 5. The other adjacent ridge line is configured to be usable as the blade portion 6a.

The fixed blade 7 is formed in a long plate shape and has a substantially V shape corresponding to the blade portion 6a formed of two adjacent ridges, forming a substantially V shape of the plurality of rotary blades 6. In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, the two ridges as the blade 6a of the rotary blade 6 form a straight line having an angle of φ = 90 degrees as shown in FIG. The rotary blade 6 on the rake face 7b which is the surface of the fixed blade 7
The trajectory P of the blade portion 6a is determined by analysis, and the trajectory P is set to a changing angle β smaller than the angle φ (β <φ). In this case, since φ = 90 degrees, it is smaller than 90 degrees (β = about 80 degrees). Degree <
90) And since the trajectory P has a concave curve shape, the adjacent ridge line which is adapted to the trajectory P and can maintain a constant clearance C forms a blade portion 7a having a concave curve shape,
Thus, as shown in FIG. 8, on the rake face 7 b of the fixed blade 7, the blade portion 6 a formed of a linear ridge of the rotary blade 6 maintains a constant clearance C with respect to the blade portion 7 a of the fixed blade 7. A plurality of the blade portions 7a are formed in a number corresponding to the number of the plurality of rotary blades 6, and are formed in a saw blade shape as a whole, and the mounting seat body 12 is mounted on the crushing machine body 1 side. 12, a mounting recess 12a is formed, the fixed blade 7 is mounted in the mounting recess 12a, an adjusting bolt 13 is screwed to the mounting seat body 12, and a fixing nut 14 is screwed to the adjusting bolt 13 to fix the fixed blade. A fixed hole 7c is formed in the fixing blade 7, and the position of the fixed blade 7 is adjusted by advancing and retreating the adjustment bolt, and the fixed blade 7 is removably mounted and fixed to the mounting seat body 12 by the mounting bolt 15, and the fixed blade 7 is provided upside down to be usable. It is composed.

In this case, the rake face 7b as the surface of the fixed blade 7 is arranged inclined downward by an angle α toward the rotation axis 4 with respect to the horizontal axis L, and the surface of the fixed blade 7 is inclined. The rake face 7b is displaced by a distance E with respect to the rotation axis O of the rotary shaft 4 so that the rake face 6b, which is the lower front face in the rotation direction of the rotary blade 6 in the figure, and the fixed blade 7 And the rake face 7b are arranged so as to form a certain shear angle θ at the start of shearing.

Since the first embodiment of the present invention has the above-described configuration, as shown in FIG. 1, a film, a runner, and the like are manually or automatically inserted into a crushing chamber 2 in a crushing machine 1 via a hopper (not shown). A crushed material W such as municipal garbage or industrial waste such as plastic wrap is charged, and the crushed material W in the stagnant portion 3 is pushed toward the rotating shaft 4 by a pushing mechanism including a cylinder mechanism or the like (not shown) and crushed. In the chamber 2, the rotating shaft 4 is rotated by a rotating mechanism including a motor (not shown),
The rotating body 5 in the form of a roll rotates, and the rotating blade 6 rotates clockwise in the direction of the arrow in the figure due to the rotation of the rotating body 5. On the other hand, since the rake face 6b of the rotary blade 6 and the rake face 7b of the fixed blade 7 are arranged at a certain shear angle θ at the start of shearing by being displaced by E, a substantially V-shape is formed. A blade portion 6a composed of two adjacent ridge lines and a blade portion 7a composed of approximately two adjacent ridge lines forming a substantially V shape have a smaller crushing resistance than a large crushing resistance caused by linear crushing performed simultaneously and closely. The rotation of the rotary blade 6 cooperates with a fixed blade attached to the crushing machine body 1 to shear and crush the crushed object W, and the crushed crushed object W passes through the discharge hole 8 a of the screen plate 8. The crushed material W larger than the discharge hole 8a It is again sheared crushed from around, this way so that the shear crushing of the crush material W is carried out. ,

At this time, the blade portion 6a of the rotary blade 6 is formed of two substantially linear ridges adjacent to each other in a substantially V shape, and the blade portion 7a of the fixed blade 7 serves as the blade portion 6a of the rotary blade 6. Since the two adjacent linear ridges are formed by a part of two adjacent concave curved ridges which are substantially V-shaped and conform to the locus P on the rake face 7a of the fixed blade 7 on the rake face 7a, the shearing is performed. On the rake face 7b of the fixed blade 7 where crushing is performed, the blade portion 6a formed of a linear ridge of the rotary blade 6 can maintain a constant clearance C with respect to the blade portion 7a of the fixed blade 7, A uniform and uniform clearance can be formed at the cutting edge, the middle portion and the cutting edge, so that, for example, the crushing of a crushed material such as a wrap film or a film sheet can be favorably performed, and the shearing and crushing efficiency is correspondingly increased. Can be improved .

In this case, the rotary blade 6 is formed in the shape of a prism having a square cross section, and two substantially adjacent V-shaped ridges of the four ridges on the surface of the rotary blade 6 are formed into a blade portion 6a. Therefore, the rotary blade 6 can be easily manufactured, and when the blade portion 6a is worn, the rotary blade 6 is rotated by 180 degrees and turned upside down to use another ridge line as the blade portion 6a. And can increase economic efficiency.

In this case, a plurality of the rotary blades 6 are arranged with a constant phase difference in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 4.
The fixed blade 7 is formed in a long plate shape, and the fixed blade 7 has a substantially V shape of a plurality of rotary blades 6 and a substantially V shape opposed to a plurality of blade portions 6 a formed of two adjacent ridge lines. Since a plurality of blade portions 7b formed of two adjacent ridge lines are formed in a saw blade shape, shear crushing is performed by the plurality of rotary blades 6 and the plurality of fixed blades 7, and the material W to be crushed is formed. The crushing efficiency can be improved, and in this case, the rake face 7b of the fixed blade 7
Is inclined toward the rotation axis 4 in a forward-downward direction by the angle α with respect to the horizontal axis L, so that the crushed object W can be lowered toward its rotary blade 6 by its own weight, and
As a result, the crushed material W can be reliably fed.

Also, in this case, since the fixed blade 7 is provided on the crushing machine body 1 with the front and back turned upside down and detachable, the fixed blade 7 may be used upside down when the fixed blade 7 is worn. it can.

The second embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 is different from the first embodiment in that two adjacent ridges which are substantially V-shaped and which are the blade portions 7a of the fixed blade 7 are formed as straight ridges. And the angle between the straight ridges is D, in this case D = about 8
As shown in FIG. 9, which is set to 0 degree and is easy to understand, a trajectory F that matches the adjacent two linear ridge lines as the blade portion 7 a of the fixed blade 7 on the rake face 7 b of the fixed blade 7 is obtained by analysis. As shown in FIG. 10 which is easy to understand, the edge portion 6a formed of a concave curve having an angle G at which adjacent ridge lines capable of maintaining a certain clearance C in conformity with the trajectory F are changed.
Thus, as shown in FIG. 11, on the rake face 7b of the fixed blade 7, the blade portion 6a of the rotary blade 6 has a fixed clearance with respect to the blade portion 7a of the fixed blade 7 having a linear ridge line. It is formed so as to hold C.

In the second embodiment, the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes, for example, a crushing machine 1, a rotary blade 6, and a fixed blade 7.
The shape, structure, material, and the like of are appropriately designed and changed.

[0020]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the object to be crushed is supplied to the crushing chamber in the crushing machine, and the crushing chamber is connected to the fixed blade by the rotation of the rotary blade in the crushing chamber. The object to be crushed is sheared and crushed by the cooperation, and the rake face of the fixed blade is displaced with respect to the rotation axis of the rotating shaft so that the rake face of the rotating blade and the rake face of the fixed blade start shearing. Since they are arranged at a certain shear angle, the blade portion of the rotary blade and the blade portion of the fixed blade will have a smaller crushing resistance than a large crushing resistance associated with linear crushing that is simultaneously performed in close proximity, At this time, the blade portion of the rotary blade is formed of two adjacent linear ridges that are substantially V-shaped, and the blade portion of the fixed blade is formed of the two adjacent linear ridges as the blade portion of the rotary blade. Adjacent to each other in a substantially V-shape suitable for the locus on the rake face of the fixed blade Since it is formed by a part of the two concave curved ridges, on the rake face of the fixed blade where the shearing and crushing is performed, the blade part composed of the linear ridge of the rotary blade is in relation to the blade part of the fixed blade. And a constant clearance can be maintained at the cutting edge, the middle part and the cutting edge, and therefore, for example, the shearing and crushing of the crushed material such as a wrap film or a film sheet can be performed. It can be performed well, and the shear crushing efficiency can be improved accordingly.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, contrary to the first aspect, the blade portion of the fixed blade is formed of two substantially linear ridges which are substantially V-shaped and adjacent to each other. The blade portion of the rotary blade has two substantially adjacent V-shaped recesses on the rake face of the fixed blade that match the locus of the two adjacent linear ridges as the blade portion of the fixed blade. Because of the curved ridges, similarly to the first aspect of the invention, on the rake face of the fixed blade on which the shearing and crushing is performed, the blade portion of the rotary blade having the linear ridge line is replaced with the blade portion of the fixed blade. A constant clearance can be maintained, and a uniform constant clearance can be formed at the cutting edge, the middle part and the cutting edge. Therefore, for example, shearing and crushing of a crushed material such as a wrap film or a film sheet can be achieved. Can do well, it only shear It is possible to improve the 砕効 rate.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the rotary blade is formed in the shape of a prism having a square cross section, and two of the four ridges on the surface of the rotary blade that are adjacent to each other in a substantially V shape. Since the two ridge lines are used as the blades, the rotary blade can be easily manufactured, and when the blades are worn, the rotary blades can be used for 18 hours.
By rotating it by 0 degrees and turning it upside down, another ridge line can be used as a blade portion, and the economic efficiency can be improved accordingly, and in the invention according to claim 4,
A plurality of the rotary blades are disposed with a certain phase difference in the axial direction of the rotary shaft, and the fixed blade is formed in a long plate shape, and is adjacent to the fixed blade in a substantially V shape with the plurality of rotary blades. Since a plurality of blade portions formed of two adjacent ridge lines are formed in a sawtooth shape in a substantially V shape facing the plurality of blade portions formed of two matching ridge lines, a plurality of rotating blades and a plurality of blade portions are formed. The shear crushing is performed by the fixed blades, and the crushing efficiency of the object to be crushed can be increased. In the invention according to claim 5, the rake face of the fixed blade is provided on the rotating shaft with respect to the horizontal axis. Since it is inclined forward and downward, it is possible to obtain the function of causing the crushed object to run down by its own weight toward the rotary blade, and it is possible to reliably feed the crushed object.

As described above, the intended purpose can be sufficiently achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged side sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partially exploded perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial front view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partial front view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory plan view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory plan view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a rotary blade according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory plan view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory plan view of a conventional structure.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory plan view of a conventional structure.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory plan view of a conventional structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 W crushed object θ shear angle P locus L horizontal axis 1 crushing machine body 2 crushing chamber 4 rotating shaft 5 rotating body 6 rotating blade 6a blade 6b rake face 7 fixed blade 7a blade 7b rake face 16 mooring section

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A crushing chamber is formed in a crushing machine, a rotating shaft is provided horizontally in the crushing chamber, a rotating body is provided on the rotating shaft, and a rotating blade is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the rotating body. A fixed blade for shearing and crushing the object to be crushed is provided in the crushing machine in cooperation with the rotary blade,
The surface, which is the rake face of the fixed blade, is displaced with respect to the rotation axis of the rotating shaft so that the rake face of the rotary blade and the rake face of the fixed blade form a certain shear angle at the start of shearing. Disposed, the blade portion of the rotary blade is formed of two adjacent linear ridges that are substantially V-shaped, and the blade portion of the fixed blade is the two linear ridges adjacent to each other as the blade portion of the rotary blade. Approximately V adapted to the trajectory of the ridge line on the rake face of the fixed blade
A single-shaft shearing crusher comprising two concave curved ridges adjacent to each other. 2. A crushing chamber is formed in the crushing machine, a rotary shaft is provided horizontally in the crushing chamber, a rotary body is provided on the rotary shaft, and a rotary blade is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the rotary body. A fixed blade for shearing and crushing the object to be crushed is provided in the crushing machine in cooperation with the rotary blade,
The surface, which is the rake face of the fixed blade, is displaced with respect to the rotation axis of the rotating shaft so that the rake face of the rotary blade and the rake face of the fixed blade form a certain shear angle at the start of shearing. The blade portion of the fixed blade is formed of two linear ridges adjacent to each other in a substantially V shape, and the blade portion of the rotary blade serves as a blade portion of the fixed blade on the rake face of the fixed blade. A single-shaft shearing crusher comprising two adjacent concave curved ridges forming a substantially V shape adapted to a trajectory matching the two adjacent linear ridges. 3. The rotary blade is formed in the shape of a prism having a square cross section, and two substantially adjacent V-shaped ridges of the four ridges on the surface of the rotary blade are blade portions. The uniaxial shearing type crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 4. A plurality of said rotary blades are provided with a certain phase difference in the axial direction of a rotary shaft, and said fixed blade is formed in a long plate shape. A plurality of blade portions formed of two substantially adjacent ridges forming a substantially V shape and opposed to a plurality of blade portions formed of two substantially adjacent ridge lines forming a substantially V shape are formed in a saw blade shape. The single-shaft shearing crusher according to claim 1, 2, or 3. 5. The uniaxial shear crushing method according to claim 1, wherein the rake face of the fixed blade is inclined forward and downward toward the rotation axis with respect to the horizontal axis. Machine.