JP2000325807A - Uniaxial shearing crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To event a material to be crushed from slipping from an opposite clearance to be pulled in without being crushed, to surely crush the material to be crushed, and also to prevent a fiber body such as carpet or long size material from continuously being wound on the outer peripheral surface of a rotary rotor without being crushed to improve crushing efficiency. SOLUTION: A rotary blade 8 is formed into a prism rectangular in cross section, and two adjacent edge lines in the shape of almost V of four edge lines of the surface of the rotary blade are formed into rotary blade parts 8a, 8a, and on a fixed blade 9, triangular fixed blade parts 9a, 9a are continuously formed like a saw teeth shape. A distance S of an opposite clearance between vertex part K of the fixed blade part and an outer peripheral surface 5a of a rotary rotor 5 is made as small as possible so that mutual interference can be avoided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a single-shaft shearing crusher for crushing, for example, municipal waste, plastic bottles, plastic scrap, industrial waste, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, this type of crusher is disclosed in
No. 103678, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 11-90258, a crushing chamber is formed in the crushing machine, a rotating shaft is provided horizontally in the crushing chamber, and a roll-shaped rotating rotor is provided on the rotating shaft. A uniaxial shearing type structure in which a plurality of rotary blades are arranged on an outer peripheral portion of the rotary rotor, and a fixed blade for shearing and crushing the object to be crushed in cooperation with the rotary blade is provided in the crushing machine body. It has been known.

[0003]

However, in the case of these conventional structures, the separation distance between the fixed blade and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary rotor is, for example, such that the precision of parts, the precision of assembly and the avoidance of mutual interference are considered. It is a large separation gap of about 3 mm. Therefore, for example, in a plastic film sheet such as a plastic piece of a plastic bottle or a wrap film, the material to be crushed is slid from the opposed gap without being crushed and pulled down, In the case of a fibrous body or a long object such as a carpet, there is a disadvantage that the fiber body is continuously wound around the outer peripheral surface of the rotating rotor without being crushed, and may not be crushed.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve these problems, and among the present invention, the invention according to claim 1 forms a crushing chamber in a crushing machine body, A rotating shaft is provided horizontally, a rotating rotor is provided on the rotating shaft, a rotating blade is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating rotor, and the crushing machine body cooperates with the rotating blade to shear the object to be crushed. A fixed blade to be crushed is provided, and the rotary blade is formed in a rectangular column shape with a square cross section, and rotates two adjacent ridge lines which are substantially V-shaped among four ridge lines on the surface of the rotary blade. The fixed blade is formed on the blade, and the fixed blade has a triangular fixed blade continuously formed in a saw blade shape, and the distance between the apex of the fixed blade and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating rotor is mutually interfered. The single-shaft shearing crusher is characterized in that it is formed with a separation distance as small as possible to avoid the problem.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a relief annular groove into which the apex of the fixed blade is loosely fitted is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary rotor, and the apex of the fixed blade and the relief annular groove are formed. The distance between the opposing gap and the outer peripheral surface of the groove portion is formed to be as small as possible to avoid mutual interference, and in the invention according to claim 3, The distance between the apex of the fixed blade portion and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary rotor is set to be smaller than the thickness of the crushed material in the form of a film sheet.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the rake face as the surface of the fixed blade is displaced with respect to the rotation axis of the rotary shaft, and the rake face of the rotary blade and the rake face of the fixed blade are provided. Are characterized by forming a certain shear angle at the start of shearing. The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the rotary blade is formed in a prismatic shape having a square cross section, It is characterized in that, of the four ridges on the surface, two ridges that are substantially V-shaped and adjacent to each other are blade portions.

[0007]

1 to 10 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 1 to 6 show a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS.
FIG. 10 to FIG. 10 show a second embodiment.

FIGS. 1 to 6 show a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1 is a crushing machine body, in which a crushing chamber 2 is formed. The rotating shaft 4 is provided laterally in the crushing chamber 2, and a roll-shaped rotating rotor 5 is attached to the rotating shaft 4.
a, a plurality of mounting portions 6 are formed in a helix shape with a predetermined phase difference, a holder member 7 is mounted on each mounting portion 6, a rotary blade 8 is mounted on each holder member 7, and a rotary blade 8 is mounted on the crushing machine body 1. A fixed blade 9 for shearing and crushing the material W to be crushed is provided in cooperation with the rotary blade 8, and a screen plate 10 having a discharge hole 10a is arranged below the rotary blade 8.

In this case, the rotary blade 8 is formed in the shape of a prism having a square cross section of a square cross section, and two substantially adjacent V-shaped ridges of the four ridges are used as the rotary blade 8a. A plurality of fitting concave grooves 6a as mounting portions 6 are formed in a helix pattern with a predetermined phase difference on the outer peripheral surface 5a of the rotary rotor 5, and the fitting concave grooves 6a are formed with a groove width Q and a depth. T, the mounting pitch P of the holder member 7 in the fitting concave groove 6a.
And attached to the holder member 7 by 90
The V-shaped receiving surface 7a is formed, and both side surfaces adjacent to the rotary blade 8 are placed and fitted on the V-shaped receiving surface 7a, and the rotary blade 8 is detachably fixed to the holder member 7 by fastening bolts 12. At the same time, the rotary blade 8 is rotated by 180 degrees with respect to the holder member 7 so that another adjacent ridge line can be used as the rotary blade portion 8a.

The fixed blade 9 is formed in a long plate shape and has a substantially V shape corresponding to the rotary blade portion 8a formed of two adjacent ridges, forming a substantially V shape of the plurality of rotary blades 8 described above. It consists of a triangular fixed blade 9a consisting of two adjacent ridges,
A plurality of the fixed blade portions 9a are continuously formed in a number corresponding to the number of the plurality of rotary blades 8, and are formed in a saw blade shape as a whole, and face the outer peripheral surface of the rotary rotor 5 of the crushing chamber 2. Both inner side surfaces are formed on the inclined surfaces 2a, 2a which are narrowed downward, the mounting seat 13 is attached to the crusher body 1, the mounting recess 13a is formed on the mounting seat 13, and one mounting surface 2a is formed on the mounting recess 13a.
The fixed blade 9 is placed on the same level as the above, and the adjusting bolt 14 is screwed to the mounting seat 13 and the fixing nut 15 is screwed to the adjusting bolt 14 to form the elongated hole 9 c in the fixed blade 9. Blade 9
Of the mounting bolt 16 by adjusting the position of the
The fixing blade 9 is removably attached to the mounting seat body 13 so that the fixed blade 9 can be used upside down.

In this case, the rake face 9b as the surface of the fixed blade 9 is inclined downward by an angle α toward the rotation axis 4 with respect to the horizontal axis L, and is inclined. The rake face 9b is displaced from the rotation axis O of the rotary shaft 4 by a distance E, whereby the rake face 8b, which is the front face in the rotation direction of the rotary blade 8, and the rake face 9b of the fixed blade 9 Are arranged so as to form a certain shear angle θ at the start of shearing.

In this case, the distance S between the apex K of the fixed blade 9a and the outer peripheral surface 5a of the rotary rotor 5 is set as small as possible to avoid mutual interference. For example, it is formed at a small separation distance of about 0.1 mm from a value close to 0 mm as much as possible and smaller than the thickness of the crushed material W in the form of a film sheet.

Since the first embodiment of the present invention has the above-described configuration, as shown in FIG. A crushed material W such as municipal garbage or industrial waste is charged, and in the lower part of the crushing chamber 2, the rotating shaft 4 is rotated by a rotating mechanism (not shown), and the roll-shaped rotating rotor 5 is rotated. The rotation blade 8 rotates the rotary blade 8
Rotates clockwise in the direction of the arrow in the drawing, and the rotation of the rotary blade 8 cooperates with the fixed blade 9 attached to the crushing machine body 1 to shear and crush the object W to be crushed. The material W falls through the discharge hole 10a of the screen plate 10, and the crushed material W larger than the discharge hole 10a turns upward again and is sheared and crushed again. In this way, the crushed material W is sheared and crushed. Will be

In this case, the rotary blade 8 is formed in the shape of a quadrangular prism having a rectangular cross section. Of the four ridge lines on the surface of the rotary blade 8, two substantially adjacent V-shaped ridge lines are connected to the rotary blade portion 8a. 8a
And the fixed blade 9 has a triangular fixed blade portion 9a.
9a is formed continuously in the shape of a saw blade, and the separation distance S of the facing gap between the apex portion K of the fixed blade portions 9a and the outer peripheral surface 5a of the rotary rotor 5 is set as small as possible to avoid mutual interference. Therefore, for example, in a crushed object W such as a plastic piece of a plastic bottle or a plastic film sheet such as a wrap film, the crushed object W is not crushed and slides from the opposing gap to a lower side of the fixed blade 9. It is possible to prevent the material to be crushed W from being retracted, to reliably crush the material to be crushed W, and to continuously wind the outer peripheral surface of the rotary rotor 5 without crushing fibrous bodies or long objects such as carpets. Prevention and crushing efficiency can be improved.

Moreover, in this case, the fixed blade portions 9a, 9
The distance S between the opposing gap between the apex portion K of a and the outer peripheral surface 5a of the rotary rotor 5 can be set to be smaller than the thickness of the crushed material W in the form of a film sheet, for example, to avoid mutual interference of about 0.05 mm to 0.1 mm. Since it is formed with the smallest possible separation distance, even the thin crushed material W in the form of a film sheet can be reliably sheared and crushed, and the crushing efficiency can be further enhanced.

In this case, the rake face 9b as the surface of the fixed blade 9 is displaced from the rotation axis O of the rotary shaft 4, and the rake face 8b of the rotary blade 8 and the Since the rake face 9b forms a certain shear angle θ at the start of shearing, the rotary blade portion 8a formed of two ridges adjacent to each other in a substantially V shape and two ridges adjacent to each other in a substantially V shape The fixed blade portion 9a can have a smaller crushing resistance than a large crushing resistance caused by linear crushing made close to the same at the same time, and in this case, the rotary blade 8 is formed in a square columnar shape with a square cross section, Of the four ridges on the surface of the rotary blade 8, two adjacent ridges forming a substantially V shape are used as the rotary blade 8 a, so that the rotary blade 8 can be easily manufactured and the rotary blade 8 a When the blade is worn, rotate the rotary blade 8 180 degrees. Is, also by reversing, it is possible to use other edge line as rotary blade unit 8a, it is possible to correspondingly increase the economic efficiency.

In the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, the outer diameter of the rotary rotor 5 is increased so that the apexes K of the fixed blade portions 9a are loosely attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary rotor 5. A plurality of insertable V-shaped relief annular grooves 5b are formed at the corresponding positions of the rotary blade 8, and are formed between the apex K of the fixed blades 9a and the groove bottom surface 5c as the outer peripheral surface of the relief annular groove 5b. The distance S between the opposing gaps is formed as small as possible to avoid mutual interference.

In this second embodiment, the same operation and effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the material W to be crushed further slides in due to the loose fitting of the escape tubular groove 5b and the fixed blade 9. Can be prevented.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the crushing machine 1, the rotary blade 8, the fixed blade 9
The shape, structure, material, and the like of are appropriately designed and changed.

[0020]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the crushing chamber of the crushing machine is provided with garbage or industrial waste such as film sheets, runners, plastic bottles, and plastic wraps. The crushed material is charged, and in the crushing chamber, the rotating rotor is rotated by the rotating shaft, the rotating blade is rotated by the rotation of the rotating rotor, and crushed in cooperation with the fixed blade attached to the crushing machine body by the rotation of the rotating blade. In this case, the rotary blade is formed into a prism having a square cross section, and the two ridges adjacent to each other in a substantially V shape among the four ridges on the surface of the rotary blade are rotated. The fixed blade is formed on the blade, and a triangular fixed blade is continuously formed on the fixed blade in a saw blade shape, thereby avoiding mutual interference in a separation distance between an apex of the fixed blade and an outer peripheral surface of the rotating rotor. Formed as small a separation as possible Therefore, for example, in a crushed object such as a plastic piece of a plastic bottle or a plastic film sheet such as a wrap film, the crushed object can be prevented from being crushed and slipping downward from the opposing gap and being drawn downward. Can be reliably crushed, and a fibrous body or a long object such as a carpet can be prevented from being continuously wrapped around the outer peripheral surface of the rotating rotor without being crushed, and the crushing efficiency can be improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a relief annular groove into which the apex of the fixed blade can be loosely fitted is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary rotor. Since the clearance of the facing gap with the outer peripheral surface of the escape annular groove is formed as small as possible to avoid mutual interference, the object to be crushed slides downward from the facing gap without being crushed. It is possible to prevent the object to be crushed from slipping in and to further prevent the object to be crushed from slipping in due to the loose fitting of the escape tubular groove portion and the fixed blade.
Since the separation distance of the opposing gap between the apex of the fixed blade portion and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary rotor is formed to be smaller than the thickness of the film sheet-like crushable object, the film sheet-like thin crushable object is formed. Even in this case, the crushing can be reliably performed, and the crushing efficiency can be further improved.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the rake face as the surface of the fixed blade is displaced from the rotation axis of the rotary shaft, and the rake face of the rotary blade and the fixed blade are arranged. Since the rake face and the rake face form a certain shear angle at the start of shearing, the rotary blade portion formed of two adjacent ridges in a substantially V shape and the fixed edge formed of two substantially adjacent ridges in a V shape The crushing resistance can be made smaller than the large crushing resistance caused by the linear crushing of the blade portion and the close proximity at the same time, and in the invention according to claim 5, the rotary blade has a square columnar shape having a square cross section. The two blades adjacent to each other in a substantially V-shape among the four ridges on the surface of the rotary blade are used as the rotary blade, so that the rotary blade can be easily manufactured and the rotary blade can be easily manufactured. When the wear of
By rotating by 80 degrees and turning over, the other ridge line can be used as a rotary blade portion, and the economic efficiency can be improved accordingly.

As described above, the intended purpose can be sufficiently achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged side sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial front view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partially exploded perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged side sectional view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a partial front view of the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged plan view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 W crushed object θ shear angle S separation distance K apex 1 crushing machine body 2 crushing chamber 4 rotating shaft 5 rotating rotor 5a outer peripheral surface 5b flank annular groove portion 8 rotating blade 8a rotating blade portion 8b rake surface 9 fixed blade 9a fixed blade portion 9b Rake face

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A crushing chamber is formed in a crushing machine, a rotating shaft is provided in the crushing chamber, a rotating rotor is provided on the rotating shaft, and a rotating blade is provided on an outer peripheral surface of the rotating rotor. A fixed blade for shearing and crushing the object to be crushed in cooperation with the rotary blade is provided in the crushing machine body, and the rotary blade is formed in a rectangular column shape with a square cross section;
Of the four ridges on the surface of the rotary blade, two adjacent ridges forming a substantially V shape are formed on the rotary blade, and a triangular fixed blade is continuously formed on the fixed blade in a saw blade shape. A uniaxial shearing crusher characterized in that the distance between the apex of the fixed blade portion and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary rotor is set to the minimum possible distance capable of avoiding mutual interference. . 2. A clearance annular groove in which an apex of the fixed blade portion is loosely fitable is formed on an outer peripheral surface of the rotary rotor, and an opposing gap between the apex of the fixed blade portion and an outer peripheral surface of the escape annular groove portion. 2. The uniaxial shearing crusher according to claim 1, wherein the separation distance is set as small as possible to avoid mutual interference. 3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a distance between an apex of the fixed blade and an outer peripheral surface of the rotating rotor is smaller than a thickness of the crushed material in the form of a film sheet. 3. The uniaxial shear crusher according to 1 or 2. 4. A rake face as a surface of the fixed blade is disposed so as to be shifted with respect to a rotation axis of the rotary shaft, and the rake face of the rotary blade and the rake face of the fixed blade are at a certain point in time when shearing starts. 4. The uniaxial shearing type crusher according to claim 1, wherein the crusher forms a shear angle. 5. The rotary blade is formed in the shape of a prism having a square cross section, and two substantially adjacent V-shaped ridges of the four ridges on the surface of the rotary blade are blade portions. The uniaxial shearing crusher according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4.