JP2958303B1 - Oversize crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for crushing a bulky object capable of crushing an object to be crushed more finely. SOLUTION: In the bulky object crushing apparatus 1 in which two parallel upper crushing rollers are provided horizontally and a lower crushing roller 3 is provided below and in the middle of the two upper crushing rollers in parallel with the upper crushing roller, At a plurality of locations on the circumferential side surface of the crushing roller 3, a corrugated cutting knife which is provided with corrugated cutting edges extending in the axial direction while forming concavities and convexities in the radial direction, and having a corrugated counter knife 6 which is closely opposed along the corrugations of the corrugated cutting blade. Equipped. The circumferential side surface forming the corrugated cutting edge of the lower crushing roller 3 is formed by combining a plurality of ring-shaped divided pieces. In addition, a plurality of waveform cutting edges extending in the axial direction,
An interval was provided around the axis on the circumferential side surface of the lower crushing roller 3 for each predetermined length.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for crushing bulky objects having two upper crushing rollers and one lower crushing roller.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, bulky material crushers include, for example, Japanese Patent No. 2542325, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-47134, and Japanese Patent Publication No.
No. 27778, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-500890, and Japanese Patent Application No. 9-296911 filed by the applicant of the present invention. These bulk crushers are composed of two upper crushers arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction. The large object is coarsely crushed by rolling the object (coarse object) between the rollers.
The roughly crushed material was further finely crushed with a lower crushing roller and a counter knife.

[0003]

However, in the conventional apparatus for crushing bulky objects, the lower crushing roller and the counter knife are linearly opposed to each other, the cutting line for the crushed object is linear, and the crushing pitch is fine. There was a limit to doing.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for crushing bulky objects, which can make the crushing pitch by the lower crushing roller and the counter knife finer.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, two parallel upper crushing rollers are provided horizontally at an upper portion, and a lower crushing roller is provided in a middle of the two upper crushing rollers and in parallel with the upper crushing roller. In the bulky equipment crusher equipped with
At a plurality of locations on the circumferential side surface of the lower crushing roller, a corrugated cutting knife having a corrugated cutting edge extending in the axial direction while forming irregularities in the radial direction is provided, and a corrugated counter knife closely adjacent to the corrugated cutting edge along the corrugations. It is a bulky object crushing device characterized by comprising:

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the coarse crushing apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein a circumferential side surface of the lower crushing roller which forms a corrugated cutting edge is formed by combining a plurality of ring-shaped divided pieces. It is.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the plurality of corrugated cutting edges extending in the axial direction are spaced around the axis on the circumferential side surface of the lower crushing roller for every predetermined length. It is a coarse substance crushing apparatus as described in the above.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a plan view, partly in section, of a main part of an apparatus for crushing bulky articles 1 to which the invention of claim 1 is applied. The bulky material crushing apparatus 1 has both ends supported by bearings 2 and is driven by a prime mover (not shown). The lower crushing roller 3, the counter knife 6 fixed to the housing 4 of the bulky substance crushing apparatus 1, and the lower crushing roller 3. And two upper crushing rollers (not shown) installed in parallel with the lower crushing roller 3.

The lower crushing roller 3 has a receiving portion 9 having a screw hole 8 whose axis is aligned with a rotation center line 7 shown by a dashed line in FIG. 1, and a screw portion screwed into the screw hole 8 of the receiving portion 9. The main body 11 includes a main body 10 and a tubular body 13 that has a cylindrical shape and has a wavy cutting edge (described later) on a circumferential side surface and that is held between the receiving portion 9 and the main body 11.

The screw portion 10 and the receiving portion 9 of the main body 11 are provided with through holes (not shown) which are orthogonal to the rotation center line 7 (they are provided so as to penetrate the screwing portion after screwing). After the parts 9 are screwed together, a split pin (not shown) is inserted into the through-hole so as not to rotate (rotate) with each other. The split pin is
A roller having a strength that can withstand the shear force generated when the lower crushing roller 3 rotates is selected. Instead of the split pins, bolts and nuts may be used.

As shown in FIG. 3, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1, steps having notches 14 at 90-degree intervals are formed on the circumferential side surface of the tube 13. This notched surface 14
Irregularities extending in the axial direction are formed (FIG. 1). As shown in FIG. 3, the cutout surface 14 is provided with a screw hole 15.

Notch 1 formed on the circumferential side surface of tube 13
In FIG. 4 (FIG. 3), a corrugated cutting edge 12 which forms irregularities in the radial direction of the lower crushing roller 3 and extends in the axial direction is fixed by screws 16.

As shown in FIG. 1, the tubular body 13 and the receiving portion 9 and the tubular body 13 and the main body 11 are formed with projections and depressions at the joints so that the rotation center line 7 and the axis coincide with each other. And
A key 17 is provided at the joint so that the tube 13, the receiving portion 9 and the main body 11 rotate integrally.

On the other hand, a counter knife support 60 is fixed to the housing 4 of the bulky object crushing apparatus 1 of FIG.
The counter knife 6 is fixed to 0 with a bolt 61. The blade surface of the counter knife 6 forms a waveform along the unevenness of the blade surface of the waveform cutting blade 12.

When the lower crushing roller 3 rotates, the blade surface of the corrugated cutting blade 12 and the blade surface of the counter knife 6 come close to each other and pass each other, thereby crushing the material to be crushed between the counter knife 6 and the corrugated cutting blade 12. .

The cutting edge of the counter knife and the lower crushing roller of the conventional bulky material crushing device is
It has a linear shape parallel to (FIG. 1), and therefore a straight cutting line is formed between the two, and the object to be crushed was crushed along this straight cutting line. In the coarse material crushing apparatus 1 of FIG. 1, a corrugated cutting line is formed,
There are more cutting points (opportunities to cut) for the object to be crushed than in the conventional bulky object crushing device, and the object to be crushed can be finely crushed as compared with the conventional bulky object crushing device.

As shown in FIG. 2, the tubular body 13 may have a structure in which a plurality of divided pieces 13a to 13e are connected in the axial direction. In this case, adjacent divided pieces (for example, divided pieces 13
The key 17 is set so that the unevenness is formed at the joint portion between the a and the divided pieces 13b), the cages are fitted to each other to align the axis with the rotation center line 7, and do not rotate (rotate) with each other. In addition, the joint between the divided piece 13a and the receiving portion 9 and the joint between the divided piece 13e and the main body 11 are also fitted with a seal, and a key 17 is provided for rotating integrally.

If the tubular body 13 is divided in this way, even if the corrugated cutting edge 12 is damaged, only the broken piece (for example, the divided piece 13c) of the damaged portion needs to be replaced, and the entire tubular body 13 (FIG. 1) No need to replace), it is economical.

The length of the lower crushing roller 3 is
Can be increased or decreased in units of length, and the lower crushing roller 3 having a desired length can be easily manufactured according to the installation space or crushing capacity (crushing processing amount per unit time).

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the counter knife 6 may be constituted by connecting a plurality of small pieces manufactured at every two pitches in the axial direction. When the counter knife 6 is composed of a plurality of small pieces in this manner, it is easy to correspond to the length of the tubular body 13 of the lower crushing roller 3. Exchange becomes possible.

FIG. 4 shows the divided pieces 13a to 13c of the lower crushing roller 3.
13e (actually visible, the divided pieces 13a to 13c) is a front view in the axial direction. The waveform cutting blade 12 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (2), it may be shifted by an arbitrary degree (in units of 30 degrees in FIG. 4) every predetermined length (for example, the length of the divided piece 13a in FIG. 2).

When the divided pieces 13a to 13e are shifted around the rotation center line 7 in this manner, the timing of crushing the crushed object with the counter knife 6 is shifted, so that the crushing impact is dispersed, and the The load on the crushing device 1 is reduced, and the safety is improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the split pieces 13b and 13d are installed in the opposite directions, and
A counter knife 6a for crushing the object to be crushed may be installed in cooperation with b and 13d.

In this case, when the lower crushing roller 3 rotates forward, the corrugated cutting edges 12 of the divided pieces 13a, 13c and 13e are formed.
a, 12c, and 12e crush the object to be crushed in cooperation with the counter knife 6, and at the time of reverse rotation, the corrugated cutting edges 12b and 12d of the divided pieces 13b and 13d cooperate with the counter knife 6a to crush the object to be crushed. With this configuration, the crushing operation can be performed regardless of which of the lower crushing rollers 3 is rotated.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the lower crushing roller 3 is hollow, the lower crushing roller 3
As the weight becomes smaller, the rotation speed can be increased,
Therefore, the amount of crushing of coarse substances per unit time can be increased as compared with the case of a solid (conventional type).

As shown in FIG. 1, the lower crushing roller 3 is composed of a cylindrical tube 13, a main body 11 penetrating the tube 13, and a receiving portion 9 screwed and fixed to the main body 11. Since the weight and the moment of inertia are smaller than those of the conventional solid lower crushing roller, the required strength of the bearing to be supported can be reduced, and the apparatus can be downsized. Further, since the weight is reduced and the moment of inertia is reduced, the rotation speed can be increased, and the amount of crushed material per unit time can be increased.

In the apparatus for crushing bulky objects 1 shown in FIG. 1 (FIG. 3), the corrugated cutting blades 12 are provided at four locations on the circumference, but may be provided at any locations on the circumference. Although the wave-shaped cutting edge 12 may be provided at only one position on the circumference, it is preferable to provide the wave-shaped cutting edge 12 at a plurality of positions on the circumference so as to be equiangular around the axis in view of rotational balance.

The size of the divided pieces 13a to 13e can be arbitrarily selected, for example, the outer diameter is 300 mm and the inner diameter is 1 mm.
Five divided pieces having a length of 50 mm and an axial length of 150 mm are connected. The lower crushing roller 3 is driven at 300 to 600 rpm.
p. m. To rotate in the direction of the arrow in FIG.

The corrugated cutting edge 12 formed on one divided piece shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 is continuous in the axial direction. It may be spaced around. It is preferable that the interval be equal to the axis, because the rotation of the lower crushing roller 3 is stabilized. In that case, it is preferable that the corrugated cutting edges 12 of the adjacent divided pieces are also separated at an equal angle.

Further, a plurality of (for example, two) continuous wave cutting edges 12 which are continuous in the axial direction on one divided piece are formed to form a predetermined length of the wave cutting edge, and the waveform formed for each of the plurality is formed. The cutting blades may be spaced around the axis. It is preferable that the interval be set at an equal angle around the axis because the rotation of the lower crushing roller 3 is stabilized.

The crushed material roughly crushed by the two upper crushing rollers (not shown) falls onto the lower crushing roller 3 in FIG. 1 and is finely crushed between the corrugated cutting edge 12 of the lower crushing roller 3 and the counter knife 6. Is done.

In the present invention, the amount of crushing of the lower crushing roller 3 and the counter knife 6 per predetermined length can be made larger than the amount of crushing by the two upper crushing rollers (not shown). The length of the counter knife 6 is made shorter than that of the upper crushing roller, and the hopper (a guide whose width becomes smaller toward the lower side) so that the crushed material roughly crushed by the upper crushing roller falls onto the lower crushing roller 3. ) May be used to guide the material to be crushed.

[0033]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the length of the counter knife 6 and the corrugated cutting edge 12 of the lower crushing roller 3 in proximity to each other is increased, and the chance of crushing the crushed object is increased. The object to be crushed can be crushed more finely as compared with a bulky object crusher.

Since the amount of crushed material per unit time between the lower crushing roller 3 and the counter knife 6 can be increased as compared with the conventional bulky material crushing apparatus,
The length of the lower crushing roller 3 can be shorter than the length of the upper crushing roller, so that the entire apparatus can be downsized.

When the invention of claim 2 is applied, the corrugated cutting edge 12 of the lower crushing roller 3 is divided into ring-shaped divided pieces 13a to 13a.
Since e is combined, it can be replaced in divided piece units. Therefore, if the cutting edge (wave cutting edge) is damaged, only the damaged divided piece needs to be replaced, and the lower crushing roller having an integral structure needs to be replaced. Substantial cost reduction can be achieved.

Further, if the lower crushing roller has an integral structure, the lower crushing roller can be made to have a uniform size only in the manufacturing stage of the lower crushing roller. The length of the lower crushing roller 3 can be selected depending on how many combinations are made, so that the lower crushing roller 3 having a desired length can be easily manufactured.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the waveform cutting blade 1
2 are spaced around the axis of the lower crushing roller 3 for each predetermined length, so that the timing of crushing the crushed object can be shifted for each predetermined length in the axial direction, and the impact of crushing can be reduced by the time difference. Since they can be placed and dispersed small, the durability of the device can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal plan view of a main part of a bulky object crushing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a main part plan view showing a modification of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a divided tube.

FIG. 5 is a main part plan view showing another modification of FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Large-sized thing crushing apparatus 3 Lower crushing roller 6 Counter knife 12 Corrugated cutting blade 13 Tube

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An apparatus for crushing a bulky object, comprising: two upper crushing rollers parallel to each other disposed horizontally above; and a lower crushing roller provided in parallel with the upper crushing roller below the middle of the two upper crushing rollers. At a plurality of locations on the circumferential side surface of the crushing roller, a corrugated cutting knife extending in the axial direction while forming concavities and convexities in the radial direction was provided, and a counter knife having a corrugated counter knife closely approaching along the corrugations of the corrugated cutting blade was provided. An apparatus for crushing bulky objects, characterized in that: 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a circumferential side surface of the lower crushing roller, which forms a corrugated cutting edge, is formed by combining a plurality of ring-shaped divided pieces. 3. The crushing of a bulky material according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of corrugated cutting blades extending in the axial direction are spaced around the axis on the circumferential side surface of the lower crushing roller for every predetermined length. apparatus.