JPH11243908A - Efficient extraction of mushroom (ganoderma lucidum) - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make expensive medicinal base stock economically utilizable and simultaneously improve the quality of the extract by extracting a mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) efficiently in a high concentration. SOLUTION: This extraction process comprises the first the step where the roughly crushed mushrooms are dipped in warm water at a temp. of 20-45 deg.C, the second step where the mushrooms are extracted with pressurized and hot water at a temp. of 100-130 deg.C, the third step where the extract and the water- containing solid in the second step are separated and the water-containing solid fraction is heat-treated with saturated steam at a temp. of 140-190 deg.C, and the forth step where the heat-treated water-containing solid fraction is extracted again at a temp. of 100-130 deg.C.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention aims at improving the quality of an expensive raw material by making it possible to use it economically and efficiently by extracting an extract at a high concentration efficiently from Ganoderma lucidaceae Reishi. It is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Reishi is not only a natural product that grows naturally in a mountainous area, but also is produced by artificial cultivation. However, there is a great demand for maintaining health and it is widely used. This is because β-D-glucan, which has been shown to have an effect on cancer, is contained in a large amount in the polysaccharide of the reishi component. The main manufacturing method of the product is a combination of aqueous ethanol extraction and open type hot water extraction, and the raw materials are 200 mesh to 300 mesh.
A method of making a mesh powder has been performed. This has been done on the basis of the Chinese method, and most other methods are in the above range.

[0003]

The infusion in the Chinese method is an open-type hot water extraction at 100 ° C. or less, and a high concentration (20%)
% Or more) cannot be extracted. B) Hemicellulose, polysaccharides and polysaccharide proteins, which are the main components of cellulose, can be extracted only in small amounts by open hot water extraction. In addition, only a small amount of polysaccharides and polysaccharide proteins can be extracted by 50% aqueous ethanol extraction. (C) When open-type hot water extraction is performed for a long time because the amount of extracted solids is low, some of the components that can be extracted are decomposed secondary.

[0004]

In order to extract an extract from Ganoderma lucidum efficiently, it is necessary to set a heat treatment temperature and a required time suitable for each component and composition. First of all, in order to create conditions that make Lingzhi sufficiently hydrated and easy to extract,
The first step is to immerse in warm water of 30 ° C. to 45 ° C. for 12 hours to 24 hours to contain water. Next, in order to extract mainly vitamins, minerals and amino acids efficiently, 100 ° C ~ 1
The extraction with hot water under pressure in the range of 30 ° C. for 5 to 60 minutes is defined as the second step. The third step is to separate the extract extracted in the second step and the water-containing solid content, and subject the water-containing solid content to pressure heat treatment with saturated steam at 140 ° C. to 190 ° C. for 5 minutes to 60 minutes. Then, pressurized heat-treated hydrated solids are again
The extraction with hot water under pressure in the range of 00 ° C to 130 ° C for 5 minutes to 60 minutes is the fourth step. The method for producing Ganoderma lucidum extract using the above four steps.

[0005] Since polysaccharides are easily dissolved in alkaline water, the second extraction (the fourth step) is a means for increasing the extraction efficiency by using alkaline water having a pH of 8 or more.

[0006]

[Example 1] Dried ganoderma was crushed with a crusher at 0.5 cm to 1 c.
Raw materials crushed to the m level are used in heat-resistant bags. First,
As a first step, 1,000 liters of warm water at 40 ° C. and 35 kg of Reishi are put into a warm water tank and are hydrated for 16 hours. Next, as a second step, 1,200 liters of water and the water-containing ganoderma of the first step are put into a pressurized hot water extraction tank, and the hot water temperature is raised at a setting of 120 ° C. After a lapse of 10 minutes at the set temperature, the pressurization is released, the hot water in the tank is cooled with cooling water, and when the temperature is lowered to 80 ° C., the pressure lid is opened. This extraction is repeated three times a day with the same water. In addition, water reduced from 1,200 liters is supplemented each time. The daily total of Reishi extracted from the first extraction is 105 kg. As a third step, the water-containing solid content of the reishi from the pressurized hot water extraction tank is put into a screw press and adjusted to a water content of about 60% and pressed. As a fourth step, a pressurized heat treatment with saturated steam is performed at a setting of 160 ° C. for 10 minutes in a 60% hydrous solid content in an autoclave. The extract separated here is combined with the pressurized hot water tank. As a fifth step, the water-containing solid content subjected to the pressure heat treatment is again put into the pressurized hot water extraction tank,
The second extraction is performed with the setting of minutes. Immediately after the diatomaceous earth filtration, the extracted extract is concentrated under reduced pressure up to 60 ° C., followed by sterilization and filling steps. The water extracted in the fifth step is PH1
0 treated water.

[0007]

Example 2 The results of various comparisons between the extract extracted in the process of Example 1 of the present invention and a control group (an extract extracted with hot water in an open type) are reported. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 3.

[0008]

[Table 1]

[0009]

[Table 2]

[0010]

[Table 3]

As shown in Tables 1 to 3, the extraction method according to the present invention is 4.87 times in the concentration of the extract, one-fourth in the required time, and in the polysaccharide (glucan polymer). The result was 92 times more efficient.

[0012]

Example 3 The extraction process was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, and the extraction solid content from Ganoderma lucidum was compared by changing the water of the third step of hot pressurized water extraction to alkaline water of PH10. . Table 4 shows the results.

[0014]

[Table 4]

[0015] As shown in Table 4, the extraction effect of alkaline water of PH10 was a value with a β-glucan content increased by 80%.

[0016]

According to the present invention, the reishi is immersed in hot water to contain water,
This is a method for extracting Ganoderma lucidum extract by combining hot water extraction with pressure and heat treatment with saturated steam. Further, this is a production method in which the water for pressurized hot water extraction is made alkaline water. According to this production method, the extract can be extracted at a high concentration, thereby improving the economic efficiency and at the same time improving the quality. Further, cost reduction is achieved as factory production, and the value as a health maintenance food is greatly enhanced.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A first step in which crushed ganoderma is immersed in warm water at 20 ° C. to 45 ° C. to contain water, a second step in which hot water is extracted under pressure at 100 ° C. to 130 ° C., and an extract and water in the second step The third step of separating the solid content and pressurizing and heat-treating the water-containing solid content with saturated steam at 140 ° C to 190 ° C, and again extracting the water-containing solid content subjected to the pressure heat treatment with pressurized hot water at 100 ° C to 130 ° C. A method for efficiently extracting extracts from Ganoderma lucidum, which consists of the fourth step. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water at the time of performing the hot water extraction under pressure is alkaline water having a pH of 8 or more, so that the extraction efficiency of polysaccharides is increased efficiently from Ganoderma lucidum. Manufacturing method to extract the extract.