JPH11235127A - Preparation of seedling-raising culture soil and seedling-raising culture soil, and set for preparing seedling-raising culture soil - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preparing a seedling-raising culture soil by adding and mixing an agent for solidifying a seedling-raising culture soil to a seedling-raising culture soil base material on the sowing of seeds, capable of preventing the deterioration of a solidification reaction occurring between the seedling-raising culture soil base material and the agent for solidifying the seedling-raising culture soil and the solidification performance during the storage of the seedling-raising culture soil, with the passage of time. SOLUTION: This method for preparing a seedling-raising culture soil comprises adding and mixing an agent for solidifying a seedling-raising culture soil in an amount of preferably 0.2-4 wt.%, more preferably 0.6-2 wt.%, and a filler to a seedling-raising culture soil base material on the sowing of seeds. The added and mixed seedling-raising culture soil is preferably charged into cell trays on the sowing of seeds.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for preparing seedling cultivation soil for agricultural and horticultural crops, a seedling cultivation soil, and a set for preparing seedling cultivation soil. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for preparing seedling cultivation soil, a seedling cultivation soil, and a set for preparing seedling cultivation soil, which are suitably used when cultivating plants having relatively few roots such as vegetables such as onions and leeks.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, for the purpose of streamlining agricultural and horticultural work and increasing the yield of agricultural crops, intensively growing seedlings and transplanting grown seedlings by machine have been actively performed. Conventional transplantation of growing seedlings by a machine will be described below with reference to FIGS.

In general, growing seedlings to be transplanted are grown in a pot-shaped container 1 made of polystyrene having a diameter of several cm or less as shown in FIG. The container 1 is referred to as a cell, the connected body 2 in which the cells are connected is referred to as a cell tray, and the seedlings 3 grown using such a container 1 are referred to as cell molded seedlings.

At the time of transplantation, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a seedling picking nail 4 provided in the transplanter is inserted into the root of the seedling 3 in each cell, and the seedling 3 is extracted from the container 1 together with the soil. The seedlings are harvested. Next, the seedling 3
Is transferred to the planting section 5, and planting on the ridge is performed. As described above, when transplanting by a machine, the seedlings are taken out together with the cultivated soil by the above-described seedling picking nails, or are arranged so as to be able to pass through the holes 6 formed in the bottom of the container 1 as shown in FIG. After extruding the seedlings together with the cultivation soil using the extruding rod 7,
Since it is necessary to plant the plant in the field as it is, it is preferable to form a so-called root pot in which the root of the crop wraps the soil in the cell as shown in FIG.

[0005] However, in such a method by mechanization, relatively uniform and strong seedlings are easily obtained, but on the other hand, the seedlings and the seedling cultivation soil, which is the cultivation soil filled in cells for cultivating the seedlings, are transplanted together. At this time, the root cultivation of the seedlings (hereinafter referred to as "root pot portion") was easily collapsed and the roots were easily lost, which was a major factor in lowering the efficiency of transplantation work.
In particular, plants with relatively few roots, such as onions and leeks, have been pointed out as inefficient transplantation.

As a method for solving these problems, there is known a method for solidifying the seedling cultivation soil by using a seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent and reacting the agent with a polyvalent cation contained in the seedling cultivation soil base material. For example, a carboxyl group or a salt thereof as a seedling culture soil solidifying agent, or a high molecular compound containing at least one of a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, is seeded on a commercially available culture soil that is previously mixed into a seedling culture soil base material, There is known a method of solidifying and packaging seedling culture by irrigating. In such cultivation,
At the time of initial watering after seeding, the polymer compound as a seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent dissolves in water and spreads. Formation takes place and the seedling culture is solidified.

[0007]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional method, since the seedling cultivation soil base material and the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent are mixed in advance, and the mixture is packaged and put to practical use as a product, it is difficult to distribute the product during distribution. During storage, a small amount of moisture in the seedling cultivation soil substrate becomes a medium, and the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent reacts with polyvalent cations to cause gel formation. For this reason, at the time of use, that is, at the time of sowing, there arises a problem that the predetermined solidifying performance of the solidifying agent for seedling cultivation is lost or that uniform solidification cannot be achieved.

For this reason, very careful attention must be paid to the preservation management of such products, and it is difficult to maintain the solidification performance for a long time even if strict management is performed. .

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to prevent the collapse of root mortars or the loss of roots at the time of transplanting growing seedlings. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing seedling cultivation soil, a method for preparing seedling cultivation soil, and a set for preparing seedling cultivation soil.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made intensive studies in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, separated and packaged the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent and the seedling cultivation soil base material and sowed them. It has been found that the above problems can be solved by occasional addition and mixing, and the present invention has been completed.

In other words, the method for preparing seedling cultivation soil according to the first aspect of the present invention is characterized by adding and mixing a seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent to a seedling cultivation soil base material at the time of sowing in order to solve the above problems.

[0012] According to the above configuration, since the seedling cultivation soil base and the seedling cultivation solidifying agent are separated from each other, a small amount of water in the seedling cultivation soil cultivation medium serves as a medium, and the medium between the seedling cultivation soil base and the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent is used. The solidification reaction occurring between them can be prevented until immediately before seeding. As a result, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the solidification performance over time during storage of the seedling culture. This also prevents the gel-forming ability of the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent from being lost during the storage of the seedling cultivation soil, so that the water used during irrigation after seeding dissolves the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent and spreads it evenly in the soil. Can be satisfactorily solidified. The time of sowing means the period immediately before sowing work and about six days before the work, but the shorter the interval between addition, mixing, sowing and irrigation, the shorter the solidification performance of the seedling culture. preferable.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a seedling cultivation soil, in addition to the constitution of the first aspect, wherein a seedling cultivation soil prepared by addition and mixing is added to a cell tray at the time of sowing. It is characterized in that a filling step is arranged.

According to the above configuration, the seedling cultivation soil filled in the cell tray is sown and then irrigated, so that the seedling cultivation soil in the seedling raising container can be solidified satisfactorily. Becomes

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a seedling cultivation soil, characterized in that an extender is added to the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent in addition to the structure of the first aspect. And

[0016] According to the above configuration, the seedling cultivation solidifying agent can be added and mixed more uniformly to the seedling cultivation soil base material, and the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent can be spread evenly.
The solidification of the seedling raising soil can be performed more uniformly, and work efficiency can be improved.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a seedling cultivation soil, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in addition to the constitution of the first, second or third aspect, wherein the amount of the seedling cultivation soil hardening agent is increased. It is characterized in that it is 0.2 to 4% by weight with respect to the substrate.

According to the above configuration, it is possible to achieve more sufficient solidification of each seedling cultivation soil base material, and to germinate plants normally.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a seedling cultivation soil, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in addition to the constitution of the first, second or third aspect, wherein the amount of the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent is increased. It is characterized in that the content is 0.6 to 2% by weight based on the substrate.

[0020] According to the above configuration, it is possible to achieve more stable solidification of each seedling cultivation soil substrate, and it is possible to germinate plants normally.

The seedling cultivation soil according to the invention of claim 6 is characterized in that in order to solve the above problems, a seedling cultivation soil hardening agent is added to a seedling cultivation soil base immediately before sowing and mixed. .

According to the above construction, since the seedling cultivation medium and the seedling cultivation solidifying agent are separated until immediately before sowing, a small amount of water in the seedling cultivation medium is used as a medium, and the seedling cultivation medium and the seedling cultivation solidification are solidified. The solidification reaction occurring with the agent can be prevented until immediately before seeding. As a result, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the solidification performance over time during storage of the seedling culture. Also, by this, the gel-forming ability of the seedling cultivation soil hardening agent is not lost during the storage of the seedling cultivation soil, so that the water used during irrigation after seeding dissolves the seedling cultivation soil solidification agent and spreads it evenly in the soil. Good seedling raising soil can be obtained.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the set for preparing seedling culture soil according to the invention of claim 7 is characterized in that the seedling culture base material and the seedling culture solidifying agent are separated and packaged.

According to the above construction, since the seedling cultivation medium and the seedling cultivation solidifying agent are separated until immediately before seeding, a small amount of water in the seedling cultivation medium is used as a medium, and the seedling cultivation medium and the seedling cultivation solidification are solidified. The solidification reaction occurring with the agent can be prevented until immediately before seeding. As a result, the gel-forming ability of the seedling cultivation solidifying agent is not lost during the storage of the seedling cultivation soil, so that the water used during irrigation after seeding in practical use dissolves the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent and spreads evenly in the soil. The soil can be solidified well. Also,
By separating and packaging, it can be stored for at least 12 months until use even under normal storage conditions.

[0025]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

The seedling cultivation base material used in the present invention is preferably granulated cultivation, mineral materials such as vermiculite, perlite, zeolite, etc., plant fiber materials such as peat moss, coconut palm moss, bacas, bark, etc. and mixtures thereof. I have.

The seedling culture soil substrate used in the present invention may contain a polyvalent cation by itself or, if it does not itself contain a polyvalent cation, add a seedling culture soil solidifying agent, mix and mix. In doing so, a polyvalent cation material is added. Examples of such a polyvalent cation material include compounds such as calcium, aluminum, and iron, from which cations are ionized and eluted, and are appropriately selected depending on the compatibility with the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent. More specifically, calcium chloride, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, alum, ferric chloride and the like can be mentioned.

The seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent used in the present invention refers to one having a function of solidifying the soil by reacting with polyvalent cations contained in the seedling cultivation soil base material, and includes a carboxyl group or a salt thereof. Or a polymer compound containing either a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof.

Examples of the seedling solidifying agent containing a carboxyl group include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid,
Itaconic acid, fumaric acid and its monoester, maleic acid and its monoester, citraconic acid and its monoester, mesaconic acid and its homopolymer consisting of monomers containing one or more carboxyl groups of monoester, or And water-soluble salts thereof such as alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts. Specific examples of such salts include lithium salts, sodium salts, potassium salts, magnesium salts, calcium salts, and barium salts. And the like.

Further, the above monomers and unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with these monomers, for example, styrene, styrene derivatives, alkenes, cyclohexene, vinyl halide,
With vinyl and allyl esters of saturated carboxylic acids, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, vinyl and allyl alkyl ethers, acrylic esters, methacrylic esters, crotonic esters, maleic diesters, fumaric diesters, etc.
It may be a ternary or multi-component copolymer.

Further, a polymer having a carboxyl group introduced into a polymer having a reactive functional group in a side chain by esterification, etherification, acetalization, etc., for example, oxalate-esterified polyvinyl alcohol, glycolate etherification Polyvinyl alcohol, glyoxalic acid acetalized polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose, and salts thereof are also included in the solidifying agent for cultivating seedlings containing a carboxylic acid.

The seedling raising soil solidifying agent may be a natural polymer containing a carboxyl group, and includes, for example, pectic acid, alginic acid and salts thereof.

The sulfonic acid group-containing monomer contains one or more sulfonic acid groups of styrenesulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, methallylsulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, and 2-acryloylamino-2-methylsulfonic acid. Monopolymers composed of monomers or water-soluble salts such as alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts thereof are mentioned. Specific examples of such salts include lithium salts, sodium salts and potassium salts. , Magnesium salts, calcium salts, barium salts and the like.

Further, these monomers and unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with these monomers, such as styrene, styrene derivatives, alkenes, cyclohexene, vinyl halide, vinyl and allyl esters of saturated carboxylic acids, Binary or multi-component copolymers with acrylamide, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, vinyl and allyl alkyl ethers, acrylates, methacrylates, crotonates, maleic diesters, fumaric diesters and the like may be used.

The solidifying agent for raising seedlings may be a copolymer of a monomer containing a carboxyl group or a salt thereof and a monomer containing a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof. It may be polymerized with a saturated monomer.

In addition, the seedling raising soil hardening agent may be one or a mixture of two or more of the above-mentioned compounds.

The amount of the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent added to the base material for cultivating seedling cultivation is the sum of the amounts even when a mixture is used.
0.2-4% by weight is preferred. That is, 0.2% by weight
If it is less than 4%, sufficient solidification cannot be obtained, and if it is more than 4% by weight, the germination of plants is adversely affected. Further, the above 0.2 to
In the range of 4% by weight, 0.6 to 2% by weight is more preferable.
That is, 0.6% by weight or more is more preferable for sufficient solidification, and in order to make the germination of the plant better,
It is more preferably at most 2% by weight.

In order to improve the uniform mixing of the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent, it may be mixed in advance with an extender. Clay is preferable as the extender, and a particle size of 1 to 100 μm is excellent in terms of uniform mixing. The type of the extender is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include kaolin clay and pyrophyllite. The addition amount of clay is preferably 0.3 to 2.5% by weight, and
If it is less than 2.5%, it does not serve as a bulking agent, and if it is more than 2.5% by weight, dust is generated and workability is deteriorated.

When the above-mentioned seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent is added to and mixed with the above-mentioned seedling cultivation soil base material, the shorter the interval between seeding and seeding, the better the solidification performance of the seedling cultivation soil. That is, before sowing, in order to minimize the reaction between the small amount of moisture originally contained in the seedling culture soil base and the seedling culture soil solidifying agent,
It is preferable to add and mix within about one hour before sowing. In addition, even if the intervals between addition, mixing, sowing, and irrigation become longer due to operational reasons, it is preferable to do so within six days before sowing for the above-described reason.

[0040]

[Examples 1 to 5] Paddy rice cultivation soil H (manufactured by Hokkai Sankyo Co., Ltd.), Hokkaido peat, vermiculite, 1: 1 mixture of rice cultivation soil H and Hokkaido peat were used as seedling cultivation base materials. The following experiment was conducted using a 1: 1 mixture of paddy rice cultivation soil H and vermiculite, and using Sumifloc (Sumitomo Chemical Industries, Ltd.), a copolymer of acrylamide and sodium acrylate, as a solidifying agent for raising seedlings. Was done.

6 months and 1 hour at 5 ° C.
The seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent stored for 2 months and the seedling cultivation soil base material shown in Table 1 are put into a fertilizer mixer, and mixed well (30 rpm).
m, 5 minutes) to prepare a seedling cultivation soil (amount of the seedling cultivation soil hardening agent: 1.0% by weight based on the seedling cultivation soil base material), and packed in a cell tray dedicated to onions (manufactured by Minoru Sangyo Co., Ltd.). Seeds (variety: kamuy) were sown after sowing, and raised for 2 months.

The cell tray thus grown is placed in an onion transplanter (Minoru Onion Transplanter OP-4).
The transplanting machine was operated, and when 70 cell-molded seedlings were extruded from the cell tray by an extruding rod, the disintegration of the cultivated soil at the root pot was examined.

In Example 3, when mixing the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent and the seedling cultivation soil base material, alum was added as a polyvalent cation material by adding 1.0% by weight to the seedling cultivation soil base material. Using the grown seedling cultivation, the disintegration of the cultivation in the root pot was similarly examined.

The investigation of the disintegration of the cultivated soil in the root pot was conducted by comparing the total weight of the cultivated soil in the root pot of 70 cell-molded seedlings before and after the extruding operation with the extruding rod. Those having 90% or more of the total weight were evaluated as "good solidification", and those less than 90% as "poor solidification".

As a comparative test, the seedling cultivation soil prepared by previously mixing the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent and the seedling cultivation soil base material with a fertilizer mixer (30 rpm, 5 minutes) was stored at 5 ° C. for 6 months and 12 months, respectively. Later, packed in the above cell tray,
In the same manner, seeding, watering, and raising seedlings were performed, and the disintegration of the cultivated soil in the root pot portion of each cell-molded seedling was examined in the same manner as described above.

Table 1 shows the results.

[0047]

[Table 1]

[Examples 6 to 8] The following experiments were conducted using the above-mentioned paddy rice cultivation H as a seedling cultivation base material, the above-mentioned Sumifloc as a seedling cultivation soil hardening agent, and kaolin clay as a bulking agent.

Paddy rice cultivation soil H, Sumifloc of 1.0% by weight based on the cultivation soil, and kaolin clay in the amount shown in Table 2 were mixed (30 rpm, 1 minute) using a fertilizer mixer, and the mixing ratio of the extender was changed. The uniform mixing property at the time and the dust property at the time of mixing were examined.

The homogeneity was determined by examining the solidification of the prepared seedling culture in the same manner as in Example 1 and examining the disintegration of the culture.
If the root cell portion of all the cell seedlings of the book had 90% or more of the roots remaining, it was regarded as "good mixing property", and if there was a mixture of 90% or more remaining and less than 90%, there was "variation." Was determined. The degree of dust generation during mixing was visually determined.

Table 2 shows the results.

[0052]

[Table 2]

[0053]

The seedling cultivation soil prepared by the method of the present invention is capable of preventing the solidification reaction between the seedling cultivation soil base material and the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent and the deterioration over time of the solidification performance during storage of the seedling cultivation soil, which are found in conventional products. Can be prevented. Moreover, the gelling ability of the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent is not lost during the storage of the seedling cultivation soil, and the effect of solidifying the seedling cultivation soil can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a seedling collecting mechanism in mechanical transplantation.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing formation of a root pot portion in a molded cell seedling.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a seedling collecting mechanism in mechanical transplantation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Connected body (cell tray) 3 Seedling

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yasutaka Soeda 5-1 Sokaicho, Niihama-shi, Ehime Prefecture Sumika Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shigeharu Motooka 447 Shimoichi, Sanyo-cho, Akaiwa-gun, Okayama Minoru Sangyo Co., Ltd. Inside

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A method for preparing a seedling cultivation soil prepared by adding and mixing a seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent to a seedling cultivation soil base material, wherein the seedling cultivation soil solidification agent is added to and mixed with the seedling cultivation soil base material at the time of sowing. Method for preparing seedling culture soil. 2. The method for preparing seedling cultivation soil according to claim 1, further comprising a step of filling the cell tray with the added and mixed seedling cultivation soil at the time of sowing. 3. The method for preparing seedling cultivation soil according to claim 1, wherein an extender is added to the seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the solidifying agent for growing seedlings is 0.2 to 4% by weight based on the weight of the base material for growing seedlings.
3. A method for preparing a seedling cultivation soil according to the above. 5. The seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent is added in an amount of 0.6 to 2% by weight based on the seedling cultivation soil base material.
3. A method for preparing a seedling cultivation soil according to the above. 6. A seedling cultivation soil prepared by adding and mixing a seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent to a seedling cultivation soil base material, wherein the seedling cultivation soil solidification agent is added to the seedling cultivation soil base material at the time of sowing and mixed. 7. A seedling cultivation soil preparation set obtained by separating and packaging a seedling cultivation soil base material and a seedling cultivation soil solidifying agent.