JPH11224696A - Method for judging deterioration of secondary battery and its circuit - Google Patents
Method for judging deterioration of secondary battery and its circuitInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11224696A JPH11224696A JP10038097A JP3809798A JPH11224696A JP H11224696 A JPH11224696 A JP H11224696A JP 10038097 A JP10038097 A JP 10038097A JP 3809798 A JP3809798 A JP 3809798A JP H11224696 A JPH11224696 A JP H11224696A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- secondary battery
- deterioration
- circuit
- capacity
- charging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、無停電電源に関す
るものであり、ニッケルカドミウム電池やニッケル水素
電池、リチウムイオン電池等の二次電池を予備電力源と
した装置における二次電池の容量低下に伴う劣化の検出
方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an uninterruptible power supply, and relates to a reduction in capacity of a secondary battery in a device using a secondary battery such as a nickel cadmium battery, a nickel hydride battery, and a lithium ion battery as a standby power source. The present invention relates to a method for detecting accompanying deterioration.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】二次電池の間欠充電とは、サイクル用の
二次電池をバックアップ用として使用するために開発さ
れた充電方法である。上記間欠充電方式では、非常時
（停電時）にのみ、二次電池から機器に給電を行うよう
にしているので、通常時（無停電時）は、二次電池をほ
とんどの時間（大部分の時間）は開回路状態にして充電
容量を保持している。2. Description of the Related Art Intermittent charging of a secondary battery is a charging method developed for using a secondary battery for a cycle as a backup. In the above intermittent charging method, the secondary battery supplies power to the device only during an emergency (at the time of a power failure). (Time) is in an open circuit state to maintain the charge capacity.
【０００３】そして、二次電池には自己放電現象があ
り、開回路状態の二次電池でも充電容量が低下するの
で、充電容量が所定の容量（たとえば、満充電状態の９
５％）まで低下したときに短い補充電を行う。[0003] The secondary battery has a self-discharge phenomenon, and the charging capacity of the secondary battery in the open circuit state is reduced.
5%), a short supplementary charge is performed.
【０００４】ところで、間欠充電を行っている二次電池
は、長期間使用している間に、満充電時の電池の充電容
量自体が低下する容量劣化（電池に充電することのでき
る能力が低下する現象）が発生し、必要な時間バックア
ップできない事態が発生する可能性がある。このため
に、間欠充電中の二次電池の劣化判定方法として、以下
に記載する第１、第２の劣化判定方法が、従来提案さ
れ、間欠充電回路に組み込まれている。[0004] By the way, the rechargeable battery that is intermittently charged has a reduced capacity (the ability to charge the battery has been reduced) during a long period of use because the charge capacity of the battery when fully charged is reduced. May occur, and backup may not be performed for the required time. For this purpose, the following first and second methods for determining deterioration of the secondary battery during intermittent charging have been conventionally proposed and incorporated in an intermittent charging circuit.
【０００５】間欠充電中の二次電池における従来の第１
の劣化判定方法は、電圧変化を要素として判定する方法
であり、間欠充電中において、満充電状態から開回路状
態に変化する瞬間に発生する電圧降下値ΔＶ（満充電状
態の電圧と、開回路状態に切り替わった直後における電
圧との差の電圧）が、所定の電圧降下閾値ΔＶT （電池
劣化と判断される容量に対応する電圧降下値）に達した
ときに、二次電池が容量劣化したと判定する方法であ
る。[0005] The conventional first type of secondary battery during intermittent charging is used.
Is a method of determining a voltage change as an element, and a voltage drop value ΔV (a voltage in a fully charged state and a voltage in an open circuit state) generated at the moment when the state changes from a fully charged state to an open circuit state during intermittent charging. When the difference between the voltage immediately after the switching to the state and the voltage reaches a predetermined voltage drop threshold ΔV T (a voltage drop value corresponding to the capacity determined to be battery deteriorated), the capacity of the secondary battery has deteriorated. It is a method of judging.
【０００６】なお、電圧降下値ΔＶは、二次電池の容量
劣化とともに大きくなり、このように電圧降下値ΔＶが
容量劣化とともに大きくなるは、容量劣化が進行するに
従って、二次電池の内部抵抗が大きくなるためである。
この内部抵抗の増加の原因は、主として二次電池内の電
解液の減少であり、これによって二次電池の容量が低下
する。Incidentally, the voltage drop value ΔV increases with the capacity deterioration of the secondary battery. As described above, the voltage drop value ΔV increases with the capacity deterioration, because the internal resistance of the secondary battery increases as the capacity deterioration progresses. It is because it becomes big.
The cause of the increase in the internal resistance is mainly a decrease in the amount of the electrolyte in the secondary battery, thereby reducing the capacity of the secondary battery.
【０００７】しかし、上記従来の第１の劣化判定方法で
は、二次電池の内部抵抗が増加せずに容量劣化する場合
には、容量劣化を検出することができないという問題が
ある。[0007] However, the above-mentioned first conventional method for judging deterioration has a problem that when the capacity is deteriorated without increasing the internal resistance of the secondary battery, the capacity deterioration cannot be detected.
【０００８】間欠充電中の二次電池における従来の第２
の劣化判定方法は、時間を要素として判定する方法であ
り、間欠充電において、充電開始から開回路状態の電圧
が所定の値に達するまでの１サイクルの時間Ｔが、容量
劣化と判断される容量に対応する時間閾値ＴT に達した
ときに、二次電池が容量劣化したと判定する方法であ
る。[0008] The second conventional battery in the intermittent charging of the secondary battery
Is a method of determining time as an element. In intermittent charging, the time T of one cycle from the start of charging to the time when the voltage in the open circuit state reaches a predetermined value is determined as the capacity determined to be capacity deterioration. upon reaching a time threshold T T corresponding to a method of determining the secondary battery is capacity degradation.
【０００９】なお、上記１サイクルの時間Ｔは、二次電
池の容量劣化とともに短くなる。この１サイクルの時間
Ｔが短く原因は、二次電池の両電極材料の特性低下であ
り、この二次電池の両電極材料の特性低下によって、容
量劣化が進行するに従って二次電池の開回路電圧（電池
の起電力）が低下し、開回路状態における電圧低下が速
くなり、つまり、充電終了から、開回路状態を終了し、
次の充電を開始させる電圧に早く達することになり、１
サイクルの時間Ｔが短くなる。The time T of one cycle becomes shorter as the capacity of the secondary battery deteriorates. The reason why the time T of one cycle is short is a decrease in the characteristics of both electrode materials of the secondary battery, and the open circuit voltage of the secondary battery increases as the capacity degradation progresses due to the decrease in the characteristics of the both electrode materials of the secondary battery. (Electromotive force of the battery) decreases, and the voltage drop in the open circuit state becomes faster, that is, from the end of charging, the open circuit state ends.
As soon as the voltage to start the next charge is reached, 1
The cycle time T becomes shorter.
【００１０】しかし、上記従来の第２の劣化判定方法で
は、開回路電圧が低下しない容量劣化を検出することが
できないという問題がある。[0010] However, the above-mentioned second conventional deterioration judging method has a problem that it is not possible to detect a capacity deterioration in which the open circuit voltage does not decrease.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のように、従来の
第１の劣化判定方法では、内部抵抗の変化を伴わずに二
次電池が容量劣化する場合、つまり、電極の特性の低下
に起因して二次電池が容量劣化した場合には、二次電池
の劣化を判定することができないという問題があり、ま
た、従来の第２の劣化判定方法では、開回路電圧の変化
を伴わずに二次電池が容量劣化した場合、つまり、二次
電池の電解液の減少に起因して二次電池が容量劣化した
場合には、二次電池の劣化を判定することができないと
いう問題がある。As described above, in the first conventional method for judging deterioration, when the capacity of the secondary battery is deteriorated without a change in the internal resistance, that is, when the capacity of the secondary battery is deteriorated, Then, when the capacity of the secondary battery is deteriorated, there is a problem that the deterioration of the secondary battery cannot be determined. In addition, in the second conventional deterioration determination method, the change of the open circuit voltage is not accompanied. When the capacity of the secondary battery is deteriorated, that is, when the capacity of the secondary battery is deteriorated due to the decrease in the electrolyte of the secondary battery, there is a problem that the deterioration of the secondary battery cannot be determined.
【００１２】本発明は、電極の特性の低下に起因して二
次電池が容量劣化した場合にも、また、二次電池の電解
液の減少に起因して二次電池が容量劣化した場合にも、
二次電池の劣化を確実に判定することができる劣化判定
方法およびその回路を提供することを目的とするもので
ある。The present invention is applicable to a case where the capacity of the secondary battery is deteriorated due to the deterioration of the characteristics of the electrodes, and a case where the capacity of the secondary battery is deteriorated due to the decrease of the electrolyte of the secondary battery. Also,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a deterioration determination method and a circuit thereof that can reliably determine the deterioration of a secondary battery.
【００１３】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、二次電池を充
電する電源回路と、電源回路が二次電池を充電する電流
経路に設けられている充電用スイッチと、自己放電によ
る充電容量の低下分を補うために行う間欠充電を制御す
る間欠充電制御回路と、間欠充電の満充電状態における
二次電池の電圧から、充電用スイッチをオフすることに
よって電源回路を二次電池から切り離した直後の状態に
おける二次電池の電圧を差引いた電圧降下値に応じて、
二次電池の容量劣化を判定する第１の劣化判定回路と、
間欠充電における充電時間と、充電用スイッチをオフす
ることによって電源回路を二次電池から切り離した開回
路状態の時間との合計時間である１サイクルの時間に応
じて、二次電池の容量劣化を判定する第２の劣化判定回
路と、第１の劣化判定回路が出力する容量劣化の判定信
号と第２の劣化判定回路が出力する容量劣化の判定信号
とを論理和演算する論理和回路とを有するものである。According to the present invention, there is provided a power supply circuit for charging a secondary battery, a charging switch provided in a current path for charging the secondary battery by the power supply circuit, and a charging capacity for self-discharge. Immediately after the power supply circuit is disconnected from the secondary battery by turning off the charge switch from the voltage of the secondary battery in the fully charged state of the intermittent charge, and the intermittent charge control circuit that controls the intermittent charging performed to compensate for the decrease According to the voltage drop value obtained by subtracting the voltage of the secondary battery in the state of
A first deterioration determination circuit for determining capacity deterioration of the secondary battery;
Deterioration of the capacity of the secondary battery occurs in accordance with one cycle time, which is the total time of the charging time in intermittent charging and the time of the open circuit state in which the power supply circuit is disconnected from the secondary battery by turning off the charging switch. A second deterioration judging circuit for judging, and a logical sum circuit for performing a logical sum operation on the capacity deterioration judging signal output from the first deterioration judging circuit and the capacity deterioration judging signal output from the second deterioration judging circuit Have
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態および実施例】図１は、本発明の一
実施例である二次電池の劣化判定回路１０を示す回路図
である。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a secondary battery deterioration determination circuit 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
【００１５】二次電池の劣化判定回路１０は、ニッケル
水素電池またはリチウムイオン電池等の二次電池１を充
電する電源回路２と、充電状態を制御する充電用スイッ
チ３と、間欠充電動作を制御する間欠充電制御回路４
と、第１の劣化判定回路５と、第２の劣化判定回路６
と、論理和回路７とを有する。A deterioration determination circuit 10 for a secondary battery includes a power supply circuit 2 for charging a secondary battery 1 such as a nickel-metal hydride battery or a lithium ion battery, a charging switch 3 for controlling a charging state, and an intermittent charging operation. Intermittent charge control circuit 4
, A first deterioration determination circuit 5 and a second deterioration determination circuit 6
And an OR circuit 7.
【００１６】第１の劣化判定回路５は、電圧降下値ΔＶ
に応じて容量劣化を判定する回路であり、間欠充電の満
充電状態における二次電池１の電圧から、充電用スイッ
チ３をオフすることによって電源回路２を二次電池１か
ら切り離した直後の状態における二次電池１の電圧を差
引いた電圧降下値ΔＶに応じて、二次電池１の容量劣化
を判定する回路である。つまり、電圧降下値ΔＶが、電
池劣化と判断される容量に対応する電圧降下値である電
圧降下閾値ΔＶT に達したときに、二次電池が容量劣化
したと判定する回路である。The first deterioration determination circuit 5 calculates a voltage drop value ΔV
Is a circuit for judging the capacity deterioration in accordance with the condition, and the state immediately after the power supply circuit 2 is disconnected from the secondary battery 1 by turning off the charging switch 3 from the voltage of the secondary battery 1 in the fully charged state of the intermittent charging. Is a circuit for determining the capacity deterioration of the secondary battery 1 in accordance with the voltage drop value ΔV obtained by subtracting the voltage of the secondary battery 1 in the above. That is, the voltage drop value [Delta] V, when reaching the voltage drop threshold [Delta] V T is the voltage drop value corresponding to the capacity is determined that battery deterioration is a circuit determines the secondary battery is capacity degradation.
【００１７】第２の劣化判定回路６は、１サイクルの時
間Ｔに応じて、容量劣化を判定する回路であり、間欠充
電における充電時間と、充電用スイッチ３をオフするこ
とによって電源回路２を二次電池１から切り離している
開回路状態の時間との合計時間である１サイクルの時間
に応じて、二次電池１の容量劣化を判定する回路であ
る。つまり、第２の劣化判定回路６は、１サイクルの時
間Ｔが、容量劣化と判断される容量に対応する時間閾値
ＴT に達した段階で、二次電池が容量劣化したと判定す
る回路である。The second deterioration judging circuit 6 judges the capacity deterioration according to the time T of one cycle. The second deterioration judging circuit 6 turns on the power supply circuit 2 by turning off the charging switch 3 and the charging time in intermittent charging. This circuit determines the capacity deterioration of the secondary battery 1 in accordance with the time of one cycle, which is the total time of the open circuit state disconnected from the secondary battery 1. That is, the second deterioration determination circuit 6 is a circuit that determines that the capacity of the secondary battery has deteriorated when the time T of one cycle reaches the time threshold value T T corresponding to the capacity determined to be capacity deterioration. is there.
【００１８】論理和回路７は、第１の劣化判定回路５が
出力する容量劣化の判定信号と、第２の劣化判定回路６
が出力する容量劣化の判定信号とを論理和演算する論理
和回路であり、第１の劣化判定回路５が出力する容量劣
化の判定信号、第２の劣化判定回路６が出力する容量劣
化の判定信号の少なくとも１つがオンレベルであるとき
に、二次電池１が容量劣化していることを示す容量劣化
信号を出力する回路である。The logical sum circuit 7 includes a capacity deterioration judgment signal output from the first deterioration judgment circuit 5 and a second deterioration judgment circuit 6
Is a logical sum circuit for performing a logical sum operation with the capacity deterioration determination signal output by the first deterioration determination circuit 5. The capacity deterioration determination signal output by the first deterioration determination circuit 5 and the capacity deterioration determination output by the second deterioration determination circuit 6. When at least one of the signals is at the ON level, the circuit outputs a capacity deterioration signal indicating that the capacity of the secondary battery 1 is deteriorated.
【００１９】図２は、上記実施例の動作を示す動作波形
図である。FIG. 2 is an operation waveform diagram showing the operation of the above embodiment.
【００２０】ここで、出力信号Ｖ１は、二次電池１の電
圧を示す信号であり、出力信号Ｖ４は、間欠充電制御回
路４の出力信号であり、そのオンレベルは、充電時であ
ることを示し、そのオフレベルは、充電停止中であるこ
とを示す信号である。また、電流Ｉは、二次電池１に流
れる充電電流である。Here, the output signal V1 is a signal indicating the voltage of the secondary battery 1, the output signal V4 is an output signal of the intermittent charge control circuit 4, and the on level of the output signal V4 indicates that the battery is being charged. The off level is a signal indicating that charging is being stopped. Further, the current I is a charging current flowing through the secondary battery 1.
【００２１】また、出力信号Ｖ５は、第１の劣化判定回
路５の出力信号であり、そのオンレベルは、二次電池１
が劣化していることを示す信号であり、電圧降下値ΔＶ
が、電池劣化と判断される容量に対応する電圧降下値で
ある所定の電圧降下閾値ΔＶT に達したことによる二次
電池１の容量劣化を示す信号であり、そのオフレベル
は、電圧降下値ΔＶが電圧降下閾値ΔＶT に達していな
いことを示す信号である。The output signal V5 is an output signal of the first deterioration judging circuit 5, and its on level is
Is a signal indicating that the voltage drop ΔV
There is a signal indicating the capacity deterioration of the secondary battery 1 due to reaching a predetermined voltage drop threshold [Delta] V T is the voltage drop value corresponding to the capacity is determined that battery deterioration, the off-level, the voltage drop value [Delta] V is a signal indicating that does not reach the voltage drop threshold [Delta] V T.
【００２２】出力信号Ｖ６は、第２の劣化判定回路６か
らの出力信号であり、１サイクルの時間Ｔが、容量劣化
と判断される容量に対応する時間閾値ＴT に達したこと
による二次電池１の容量劣化を示す信号であり、そのオ
フレベルは、１サイクルの時間Ｔが時間閾値ＴT に達し
ていないことを示す信号である。The output signal V6 is an output signal from the second deterioration judging circuit 6. The output signal V6 is a secondary signal due to the fact that one cycle time T has reached the time threshold value T T corresponding to the capacity judged to be capacity deterioration. This signal is a signal indicating the deterioration of the capacity of the battery 1 and its off level is a signal indicating that the time T of one cycle has not reached the time threshold value T T.
【００２３】出力信号Ｖ７は、論理和回路７が出力する
容量劣化信号であり、そのオン信号は、二次電池１の容
量劣化を示す信号であり、そのオフ信号は、二次電池１
が容量劣化していないことを示す信号である。The output signal V7 is a capacity deterioration signal output from the OR circuit 7, the ON signal is a signal indicating the capacity deterioration of the secondary battery 1, and the OFF signal is a signal indicating the capacity deterioration of the secondary battery 1.
Is a signal indicating that the capacity has not deteriorated.
【００２４】なお、電圧降下閾値ΔＶT は、劣化判定回
路５の劣化判定基準の電圧差であり、充電終了直後にお
ける二次電池の電圧が、（充電終止電圧（満充電時の電
圧）Ｖ０−電圧降下閾値ΔＶT ）以下に低下したときに
容量が劣化したと判定する第１の劣化信号として使用さ
れる。The voltage drop threshold ΔV T is a voltage difference of a deterioration judgment reference of the deterioration judgment circuit 5, and the voltage of the secondary battery immediately after the end of charging is expressed by (charging end voltage (voltage at full charge) V0− It is used as a first deterioration signal for judging that the capacity has deteriorated when the voltage drops below the voltage drop threshold ΔV T ).
【００２５】さらに、時間閾値ＴT は、劣化判定回路６
の劣化判定基準の時間間隔であり、間欠充電の１サイク
ル時間ＴがＴT 以下になったときに容量が劣化した判定
する第２の劣化信号として使用される。Further, the time threshold value T T is determined by the deterioration judgment circuit 6.
And is used as a second deterioration signal for determining that the capacity has deteriorated when one cycle time T of the intermittent charging becomes equal to or less than T T.
【００２６】次に、上記実施例の動作について説明す
る。Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.
【００２７】まず、時刻ｔ０〜ｔ１において、二次電池
１は充電状態にあり、間欠充電制御回路４が出力する充
電信号出力信号Ｖ４がオンレベルであり、充電用スイッ
チ３がオンし、充電電流Ｉが二次電池１に流れている。
そして、時刻ｔ１において、劣化判定回路５は、充電停
止ｔ１の直後のＶ１を測定するために待機している。ま
た、劣化判定回路６は、充電開始時刻ｔ０から次の充電
が開始される時刻ｔ２までの時間を計測している。First, from time t0 to time t1, the secondary battery 1 is in a charged state, the charge signal output signal V4 output from the intermittent charge control circuit 4 is at the on level, the charging switch 3 is turned on, and the charging current is I is flowing through the secondary battery 1.
Then, at time t1, the deterioration determination circuit 5 is on standby to measure V1 immediately after the charging stop t1. The deterioration determination circuit 6 measures the time from the charging start time t0 to the time t2 when the next charging starts.
【００２８】ここで、充電が停止した時刻ｔ１におい
て、充電信号出力信号Ｖ４のオフレベルを劣化判定回路
５が検知すると、充電停止直後の二次電池１の電圧Ｖ１
を測定し、この充電停止直後の二次電池１の電圧Ｖ１
と、劣化判定の電圧Ｖ０−電圧降下閾値ΔＶT とを比較
し、Ｖ１＜（Ｖ０−ΔＶT ）である場合、第１の劣化信
号出力信号Ｖ５を出力する。ただし、時刻ｔ１〜ｔ２に
おいては、Ｖ１＜（Ｖ０−ΔＶT ）ではないので、劣化
信号出力信号Ｖ５はオフレベルのままである。Here, at the time t1 when charging is stopped, when the deterioration determination circuit 5 detects the off level of the charging signal output signal V4, the voltage V1 of the secondary battery 1 immediately after the charging is stopped.
Is measured, and the voltage V1 of the secondary battery 1 immediately after the charging is stopped
Is compared with the voltage V0-the voltage drop threshold ΔV T for determining the deterioration, and if V1 <(V0−ΔV T ), the first deterioration signal output signal V5 is output. However, between time t1 and t2, since V1 <(V0−ΔV T ) is not satisfied, the deteriorated signal output signal V5 remains at the off level.
【００２９】その後、時刻ｔ２において、開回路状態が
停止し、充電が再び開始され、劣化判定回路６は、充電
開始時刻ｔ０から次の充電が開始される時刻ｔ２までの
１サイクルの時間Ｔ１の測定を終了し、この時間Ｔ１と
容量劣化の判定基準の時間閾値ＴT とを比較し、Ｔ１＜
ＴT である場合、第２の劣化信号出力信号Ｖ６を出力す
る。Thereafter, at time t2, the open circuit state is stopped and charging is started again, and the deterioration determination circuit 6 determines the time T1 of one cycle from the charging start time t0 to the time t2 when the next charging is started. The measurement is completed, and the time T1 is compared with the time threshold T T of the capacity deterioration determination criterion, and T1 <
If T T , the second degradation signal output signal V6 is output.
【００３０】ただし、時刻ｔ０〜ｔ２においては、Ｔ１
＜ＴT ではないので、劣化信号出力信号Ｖ６はオフレベ
ルのままである。そして、論理和回路７は、劣化信号出
力信号Ｖ５、出力信号Ｖ６のいずれも、容量劣化を示す
オンレベルの信号が入力されないので、二次電池１の容
量劣化が発生したことを示す容量劣化信号Ｖ７を出力し
ない。However, at times t0 to t2, T1
Since it is not <T T , the degraded signal output signal V6 remains at the off level. Then, the OR circuit 7 does not receive the on-level signal indicating the capacity deterioration in both of the deterioration signal output signal V5 and the output signal V6, so the capacity deterioration signal indicating that the capacity deterioration of the secondary battery 1 has occurred. Does not output V7.
【００３１】次に、時刻ｔ３において、充電停止直後の
二次電池１の電圧Ｖ１がさらに低下し、Ｖ１＜（Ｖ０−
電圧降下閾値ΔＶT ）を満足するので、劣化判定回路５
が出力する劣化信号出力信号Ｖ５がオンレベルになり、
論理和回路７の（二次電池１の容量劣化が発生したこと
を示す）容量劣化信号Ｖ７もオンレベルになる。なお、
劣化判定回路６は、充電開始時刻ｔ２から次の充電が開
始される時刻ｔ４までの１サイクルの時間Ｔ２の測定を
終了し、この時間Ｔ２と容量劣化の判定基準の時間閾値
ＴT とを比較し、Ｔ２＜ＴT であるので、第２の劣化信
号出力信号Ｖ６は、オフレベルのままである。Next, at time t3, the voltage V1 of the secondary battery 1 immediately after the charging is stopped further decreases, and V1 <(V0-
Since the voltage drop threshold ΔV T ) is satisfied, the deterioration determination circuit 5
The degraded signal output signal V5 output by the switch becomes the on level,
The capacity deterioration signal V7 of the OR circuit 7 (indicating that the capacity of the secondary battery 1 has deteriorated) also becomes the on level. In addition,
The deterioration determination circuit 6 ends the measurement of the time T2 of one cycle from the charging start time t2 to the time t4 at which the next charging starts, and compares this time T2 with the time threshold T T as a criterion for determining capacity deterioration. Since T2 <T T , the second deteriorated signal output signal V6 remains at the off level.
【００３２】次に、劣化判定回路６は、充電開始時刻ｔ
４から次の充電が開始される時刻ｔ６までの１サイクル
の時間Ｔ３の測定を終了し、この時間Ｔ３と容量劣化の
判定基準の時間閾値ＴT とを比較し、Ｔ３＜ＴT である
ので、第２の劣化信号出力信号Ｖ６は、オンレベルにな
り、したがって、論理和回路７の容量劣化信号Ｖ７もオ
ンレベルになり、二次電池１の容量劣化が発生したこと
を示す。なお、時刻ｔ５において、充電停止直後の二次
電池１の電圧Ｖ１が低下し、Ｖ１＜（Ｖ０−電圧降下閾
値ΔＶT ）を満足するので、劣化判定回路５が出力する
劣化信号出力信号Ｖ５がオンレベルになる。Next, the deterioration determination circuit 6 determines the charging start time t.
4 terminates measuring the time T3 for one cycle up to time t6 following charging begins, comparing the time threshold T T criteria of the time T3 and the capacity deterioration, since it is T3 <T T , The second deterioration signal output signal V6 goes to the on level, and therefore, the capacity deterioration signal V7 of the OR circuit 7 also goes to the on level, indicating that the capacity deterioration of the secondary battery 1 has occurred. At time t5, the voltage V1 of the secondary battery 1 immediately after the charging is stopped decreases and satisfies V1 <(V0−voltage drop threshold ΔV T ). Become on level.
【００３３】つまり、二次電池１の容量劣化が発生した
ことを示す容量劣化信号Ｖ７は、出力信号Ｖ５と出力信
号Ｖ６のいずれか一方、または、両方ともがオンレベル
であるときに、オンレベルになる。That is, the capacity deterioration signal V7 indicating that the capacity of the secondary battery 1 has deteriorated is turned on when one or both of the output signal V5 and the output signal V6 are on. become.
【００３４】上記実施例によれば、間欠充電中の二次電
池１の劣化判定を行う手段として、電解液の減少による
内部抵抗の増加とともに大きくなる電圧降下値ΔＶを測
定することによって容量劣化を判定する第１の１劣化判
定回路５と、電極の特性の劣化による開回路電圧の低下
によって引き起こされる１サイクルの時間Ｔの変化を測
定することによって二次電池１の容量劣化を判定する第
２の劣化判定回路６とを同時に使用し、二次電池１の劣
化判定を行うので、現象の異なる二次電池１の容量劣化
を確実に検出し、劣化判定することができる。According to the above embodiment, as a means for determining the deterioration of the secondary battery 1 during intermittent charging, the capacity deterioration is measured by measuring the voltage drop value ΔV which increases as the internal resistance increases due to the decrease in the electrolyte. A first one-deterioration determining circuit 5 for determining and a second determining the capacity deterioration of the secondary battery 1 by measuring a change in the time T of one cycle caused by a decrease in the open-circuit voltage due to the deterioration of the electrode characteristics. The deterioration determination circuit 6 is used at the same time to determine the deterioration of the secondary battery 1, so that the capacity deterioration of the secondary battery 1 having different phenomena can be reliably detected and the deterioration can be determined.
【００３５】なお、上記実施例において、二次電池１と
してニッケルカドミウム電池、ニッケル水素電池、リチ
ウムイオン二次電池等の二次電池を挙げることができ
る。In the above embodiment, the secondary battery 1 includes a secondary battery such as a nickel cadmium battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery.
【００３６】[0036]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、電極の特性の低下に起
因して二次電池が容量劣化した場合にも、また、二次電
池の電解液の減少に起因して二次電池が容量劣化した場
合にも、二次電池の劣化を確実に判定することができる
という効果を奏する。According to the present invention, even when the capacity of the secondary battery is deteriorated due to the deterioration of the characteristics of the electrodes, the capacity of the secondary battery is also reduced due to the decrease in the electrolyte of the secondary battery. Even in the case of deterioration, there is an effect that deterioration of the secondary battery can be reliably determined.
【図１】本発明の一実施例である二次電池の劣化判定回
路１０を示す回路図である。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a deterioration determination circuit 10 for a secondary battery according to one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】上記実施例の動作を示す動作波形図である。FIG. 2 is an operation waveform diagram showing the operation of the embodiment.
１…二次電池、 ２…電源回路、 ３…充電用スイッチ、 ４…間欠充電制御回路、 ５…第１の劣化判定回路、 ６…第２の劣化判定回路、 ７…論理和回路、 １０…二次電池の劣化判定回路。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Secondary battery, 2 ... Power supply circuit, 3 ... Charge switch, 4 ... Intermittent charge control circuit, 5 ... 1st deterioration judgment circuit, 6 ... 2nd deterioration judgment circuit, 7 ... OR circuit, 10 ... Deterioration determination circuit for secondary battery
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 鍬田 豊 東京都新宿区西新宿三丁目19番２号 日本 電信電話株式会社内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yutaka Koeda Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation 3-19-2 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo
Claims (2)
下分を補うために間欠充電する方法において、 上記間欠充電の満充電状態における上記二次電池の電圧
から、上記二次電池を充電する電源回路を上記二次電池
から切り離した直後の状態における上記二次電池の電圧
を差引いた電圧降下値に応じて、上記二次電池の容量劣
化を判定する第１の劣化判定段階と；上記間欠充電にお
ける充電時間と、上記充電用スイッチをオフすることに
よって上記電源回路を上記二次電池から切り離した開回
路状態の時間との合計時間である１サイクルの時間に応
じて、上記二次電池の容量劣化を判定する第２の劣化判
定段階；上記第１の劣化判定段階で出力する容量劣化の
判定信号と、上記第２の劣化判定段階で出力する容量劣
化の判定信号とを論理和演算した結果の信号によって、
上記二次電池が容量劣化していることを示す容量劣化信
号を出力する容量劣化信号出力段階と；を有することを
特徴とする二次電池の劣化判定方法。1. A method of intermittent charging for compensating for a decrease in charge capacity due to self-discharge of a secondary battery, wherein the secondary battery is charged from a voltage of the secondary battery in a fully charged state of the intermittent charging. A first deterioration judging step of judging a capacity deterioration of the secondary battery in accordance with a voltage drop value obtained by subtracting a voltage of the secondary battery immediately after disconnecting the power supply circuit from the secondary battery; According to a time of one cycle, which is a total time of a charging time in charging and a time of an open circuit state in which the power supply circuit is disconnected from the secondary battery by turning off the charging switch, A second deterioration determination step for determining capacity deterioration; a logical OR operation of a capacity deterioration determination signal output in the first deterioration determination step and a capacity deterioration determination signal output in the second deterioration determination step By the result of the signal,
Outputting a capacity deterioration signal indicating that the capacity of the secondary battery is deteriorated. A method for determining deterioration of the secondary battery.
源回路が上記二次電池を充電する電流経路に設けられて
いる充電用スイッチと；自己放電による充電容量の低下
分を補うために行う間欠充電を制御する間欠充電制御回
路と；上記間欠充電の満充電状態における上記二次電池
の電圧から、上記充電用スイッチをオフすることによっ
て上記電源回路を上記二次電池から切り離した直後の状
態における上記二次電池の電圧を差引いた電圧降下値に
応じて、上記二次電池の容量劣化を判定する第１の劣化
判定回路と；上記間欠充電における充電時間と、上記充
電用スイッチをオフすることによって上記電源回路を上
記二次電池から切り離した開回路状態の時間との合計時
間である１サイクルの時間に応じて、上記二次電池の容
量劣化を判定する第２の劣化判定回路と；上記第１の劣
化判定回路が出力する容量劣化の判定信号と、上記第２
の劣化判定回路が出力する容量劣化の判定信号とを論理
和演算する論理和回路と；を有し、 上記論理和回路の出力信号に基づいて、上記二次電池が
容量劣化していると判定することを特徴とする二次電池
の劣化判定回路。2. A power supply circuit for charging a secondary battery; a charging switch provided in a current path through which the power supply circuit charges the secondary battery; and for compensating a reduction in charge capacity due to self-discharge. An intermittent charge control circuit for controlling the intermittent charge to be performed; and immediately after disconnecting the power supply circuit from the secondary battery by turning off the charging switch from the voltage of the secondary battery in the fully charged state of the intermittent charge. A first deterioration judgment circuit for judging capacity deterioration of the secondary battery in accordance with a voltage drop value obtained by subtracting a voltage of the secondary battery in a state; a charging time in the intermittent charging; and turning off the charging switch. Then, the capacity degradation of the secondary battery is determined in accordance with one cycle time, which is the total time of the open circuit state time when the power supply circuit is disconnected from the secondary battery. A deterioration determination circuit output from the first deterioration determination circuit; and a second deterioration determination signal output from the first deterioration determination circuit.
And a logical sum circuit for performing a logical sum operation on a capacity deterioration determination signal output by the deterioration determination circuit of the above (3), wherein it is determined that the capacity of the secondary battery is deteriorated based on an output signal of the logical sum circuit. A deterioration determination circuit for a secondary battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03809798A JP3537120B2 (en) | 1998-02-04 | 1998-02-04 | Deterioration determination method for secondary battery and circuit thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03809798A JP3537120B2 (en) | 1998-02-04 | 1998-02-04 | Deterioration determination method for secondary battery and circuit thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11224696A true JPH11224696A (en) | 1999-08-17 |
| JP3537120B2 JP3537120B2 (en) | 2004-06-14 |
Family
ID=12515985
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03809798A Expired - Fee Related JP3537120B2 (en) | 1998-02-04 | 1998-02-04 | Deterioration determination method for secondary battery and circuit thereof |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3537120B2 (en) |
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