JP4767766B2 - Battery management system and battery management method - Google Patents

Battery management system and battery management method Download PDF

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JP4767766B2
JP4767766B2 JP2006169062A JP2006169062A JP4767766B2 JP 4767766 B2 JP4767766 B2 JP 4767766B2 JP 2006169062 A JP2006169062 A JP 2006169062A JP 2006169062 A JP2006169062 A JP 2006169062A JP 4767766 B2 JP4767766 B2 JP 4767766B2
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assembled battery
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敏雄 松島
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NTT Facilities Inc
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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本発明は、電池管理システム及び電池管理方法、特に、並列に接続された複数の電池の放電を制御するための電池管理システム及び電池管理方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a battery management system and a battery management method, and more particularly to a battery management system and a battery management method for controlling the discharge of a plurality of batteries connected in parallel.

従来から複数の二次電池を直列に接続した組電池が知られている。この組電池を構成する二次電池としては、例えば、リチウムイオン電池や鉛電池が用いられている。
図８は、二次電池としてリチウムイオン電池を直列に複数接続した組電池の電圧と、二次電池として鉛電池を直列に複数接続した組電池の電圧の関係を示す図である。リチウムイオン電池には電圧が４．１（Ｖ）のものや４．２（Ｖ）のものがある。また、鉛電池には電圧が２．２３（Ｖ）のものや２．２７（Ｖ）のものがある。 Conventionally, an assembled battery in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series is known. As a secondary battery constituting this assembled battery, for example, a lithium ion battery or a lead battery is used.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the voltage of an assembled battery in which a plurality of lithium ion batteries are connected in series as a secondary battery and the voltage of an assembled battery in which a plurality of lead batteries are connected in series as a secondary battery. Some lithium ion batteries have a voltage of 4.1 (V) or 4.2 (V). Lead batteries include those having a voltage of 2.23 (V) and 2.27 (V).

図８に示すように、４．１（Ｖ）のリチウムイオン電池を直列に１３個接続することにより組電池を構成した場合にはその組電池の電圧は５３．３（Ｖ）となり、４．１（Ｖ）のリチウムイオン電池を直列に１２個接続することにより組電池を構成した場合にはその組電池の電圧は４９．２（Ｖ）となる。また、４．２（Ｖ）のリチウムイオン電池を直列に１３個接続することにより組電池を構成した場合にはその組電池の電圧は５４．６（Ｖ）となり、４．２（Ｖ）のリチウムイオン電池を直列に１２個接続することにより組電池を構成した場合にはその組電池の電圧は５０．４（Ｖ）となる。   As shown in FIG. 8, when an assembled battery is configured by connecting 13 lithium ion batteries of 4.1 (V) in series, the voltage of the assembled battery is 53.3 (V). When an assembled battery is configured by connecting 12 1 (V) lithium ion batteries in series, the voltage of the assembled battery is 49.2 (V). In addition, when an assembled battery is configured by connecting 13 4.2 (V) lithium ion batteries in series, the voltage of the assembled battery is 54.6 (V). When an assembled battery is configured by connecting 12 lithium ion batteries in series, the voltage of the assembled battery is 50.4 (V).

また、２．２３（Ｖ）の鉛電池を直列に２４個接続することにより組電池を構成した場合にはその組電池の電圧は５３．５２（Ｖ）となり、２．２３（Ｖ）の鉛電池を直列に２３個接続することにより組電池を構成した場合にはその組電池の電圧は５１．２９（Ｖ）となる。また、２．２７（Ｖ）の鉛電池を直列に２４個接続することにより組電池を構成した場合にはその組電池の電圧は５４．４８（Ｖ）となり、２．２７（Ｖ）の鉛電池を直列に２３個接続することにより組電池を構成した場合にはその組電池の電圧は５２．２１（Ｖ）となる。   Moreover, when an assembled battery is configured by connecting 24 lead batteries of 2.23 (V) in series, the voltage of the assembled battery is 53.52 (V), and the lead of 2.23 (V) When an assembled battery is configured by connecting 23 batteries in series, the voltage of the assembled battery is 51.29 (V). Further, when an assembled battery is configured by connecting 24 2.27 (V) lead batteries in series, the voltage of the assembled battery is 54.48 (V), and the lead of 2.27 (V) When an assembled battery is configured by connecting 23 batteries in series, the voltage of the assembled battery is 52.21 (V).

このように異なる種類又は電圧の二次電池を用いて組電池を用いた電池管理システムとして特許文献１に記載にされている技術が知られている。この技術では、分流器の出力に鉛電池とリチウムイオン電池を並列に接続しており、最初にリチウムイオン電池の充電を行い、その後、鉛電池の充電を行っている。
特開２００３−１３４６８９号公報 As described above, a technique described in Patent Document 1 is known as a battery management system using an assembled battery using secondary batteries of different types or voltages. In this technology, a lead battery and a lithium ion battery are connected in parallel to the output of the shunt, and the lithium ion battery is charged first, and then the lead battery is charged.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-13489

整流器に負荷とバックアップ用の鉛電池が接続されている従来技術では、電池の増設が必要にも拘わらず十分な領域が無い場合、小型であるリチウムイオン電池の使用が考えられるが、増設用のリチウムイオン電池と鉛電池の維持充電電圧とが異なるため、両者の電池を並列に接続して接続することができないという問題があった。つまり、電圧の異なる２つの電池を並列に接続した状態で負荷等に電力を供給すると、電圧の高い方の電池から電圧の低い方の電池に電流が流れ、電圧の低い方の電池が故障等を起こす可能性があるという問題があった。   In the conventional technology in which a load and a lead battery for backup are connected to the rectifier, if there is not enough area despite the need for additional batteries, the use of small lithium-ion batteries can be considered. Since the maintenance charge voltages of the lithium ion battery and the lead battery are different, there is a problem that the batteries cannot be connected in parallel. In other words, if power is supplied to a load or the like with two batteries having different voltages connected in parallel, a current flows from the battery having the higher voltage to the battery having the lower voltage, and the battery having the lower voltage fails. There was a problem that could cause.

本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、並列に接続された電圧の異なる電池により放電する場合であっても各電池が故障等を起こすことを防ぐことができる電池管理システム及び電池管理方法を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to prevent a battery from causing a failure or the like even when it is discharged by batteries connected in parallel and having different voltages. A management system and a battery management method are provided.

本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたもので、請求項１に記載の発明は、電流の供給を受けて直流電流を供給する直流電源、第１の電池、第２の電池、および前記第１の電池の充電手段を有する電池管理システムにおいて、前記第１の電池と、前記第１の電池に並列に接続される前記充電手段と、前記第１の電池と前記充電手段とが並列に接続される回路に対して直列に接続される第１のスイッチと、によって第１の電池回路を形成し、前記第２の電池と、前記第２の電池に並列に接続される前記直流電源と、によって第２の電池回路を形成し、前記第１の電池回路と、前記第２の電池回路とは、並列に接続されており、前記第１の電池回路と前記第２の電池とを並列に接続する経路に第２のスイッチが配置されており、前記電池管理システムは、前記第１の電池の電圧と前記第２の電池の電圧とを計測する電圧計測手段と、前記第１の電池の電圧と前記第２の電池の電圧が同じか否かについて判定する判定手段と、前記直流電源への電流の供給の有無を判定し、判定結果に基づいて前記第１のスイッチと前記第２のスイッチとの開閉を制御する放電制御手段と、を備え、前記放電制御手段は、前記直流電源への電流の供給無しと判定し、かつ、前記判定手段が前記第１の電池と前記第２の電池の電圧が同じであると判定した場合には、前記第１のスイッチおよび前記第２のスイッチを閉じた状態として前記第１の電池と前記第２の電池とを同時に放電させ、一方、前記直流電源への電流の供給無しと判定し、かつ、前記判定手段が前記第１の電池と前記第２の電池の電圧が異なると判定した場合には、前記第１の電池の電圧が前記第２の電池の電圧よりも高いときは、前記第１のスイッチを閉じた状態かつ前記第２のスイッチを開いた状態として前記第１の電池を放電させ、前記第２の電池の電圧が前記第１の電池の電圧よりも高いときは、前記第２のスイッチを閉じた状態かつ前記第１のスイッチを開いた状態として前記第２の電池を放電させ、一方、前記直流電源への電流の供給有りと判定すると、前記第１のスイッチを開いた状態とし、前記第２のスイッチを閉じた状態とすることを特徴とする電池管理システムである。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the invention according to claim 1 is directed to a DC power source that supplies a DC current upon receiving a current, a first battery, a second battery, and the battery management system having a charging means of the first battery, the first battery, said charging means connected in parallel with the first battery, the first battery and the front KiTakashi conductive means said There a first switch connected in series to circuits connected in parallel, by forming the first battery circuit, that said second battery are connected in parallel to said second battery A second battery circuit is formed by a direct current power source, and the first battery circuit and the second battery circuit are connected in parallel, and the first battery circuit and the second battery are connected in parallel. A second switch is disposed in a path connecting the two in parallel, and the battery tube The system determines the voltage measuring unit and the first voltage of the battery to measure the voltage of the second battery, whether the voltage is equal voltage and the second battery of the first battery Determination means; and discharge control means for determining whether or not current is supplied to the DC power supply, and controlling opening and closing of the first switch and the second switch based on a determination result, The control means determines that there is no supply of current to the DC power supply, and if the determination means determines that the voltages of the first battery and the second battery are the same, the first The first battery and the second battery are simultaneously discharged with the switch and the second switch closed , and it is determined that no current is supplied to the DC power supply, and the determination means Is the voltage of the first battery and the second battery If it is determined different from, the when the first voltage of the battery is higher than the voltage of the second battery, said as opened the first state and the second switch is closed the switch When the first battery is discharged and the voltage of the second battery is higher than the voltage of the first battery, the second switch is closed and the first switch is opened. When the second battery is discharged and it is determined that the current is supplied to the DC power supply, the first switch is opened and the second switch is closed. It is a battery management system.

また、請求項２に記載の発明は、前記第２のスイッチと並列に接続され前記第１の電池から前記第２の電池に放電電流が流れるのを防ぐダイオードを備え、前記直流電源は、浮動充電を行う電源であり、前記放電制御手段は、前記直流電源への電流の供給有りと判定すると前記第１のスイッチを開いた状態とし、前記第２のスイッチを閉じた状態とすることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電池管理システムである。 Further, an invention according to claim 2, comprising a diode to prevent from the connected first battery in parallel with the second switch of the discharge current flows in the second cell, the DC power source, floating A power source that performs charging; and when the discharge control unit determines that there is a current supply to the DC power source, the first switch is opened and the second switch is closed. The battery management system according to claim 1 .

また、請求項３に記載の発明は、前記第１の電池は直列に接続された複数のリチウムイオン電池からなり、前記第２の電池は直列に接続された複数の鉛電池からなることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の電池管理システムである。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, the first battery is composed of a plurality of lithium ion batteries connected in series, and the second battery is composed of a plurality of lead batteries connected in series. The battery management system according to claim 1 or 2 .

また、請求項４に記載の発明は、電流の供給を受けて直流電流を供給する直流電源、第１の電池、第２の電池、および前記第１の電池の充電手段を有し、前記第１の電池と、前記第１の電池に並列に接続される前記充電手段と、前記第１の電池と前記充電手段とが並列に接続される回路に対して直列に接続される第１のスイッチと、によって第１の電池回路を形成し、前記第２の電池と、前記第２の電池に並列に接続される前記直流電源と、によって第２の電池回路を形成し、前記第１の電池回路と、前記第２の電池回路とは、並列に接続されており、前記第１の電池回路と前記第２の電池とを並列に接続する経路に第２のスイッチが配置されている電池管理システムにおいて、前記第１の電池の電圧と、前記第２の電池の電圧とを電圧計測手段が計測する第１のステップと、第１の電池の電圧と第２の電池の電圧とが同じか否かについて判定手段が判定する第２のステップと、前記直流電源への電流の供給の有無を判定する第３のステップと、前記第３のステップで前記直流電源への電流の供給無しと判定し、かつ、前記第２のステップで前記第１の電池と前記第２の電池の電圧が同じであると判定した場合には、前記第１のスイッチ、および、前記第２のスイッチを閉じた状態として、前記第１の電池と前記第２の電池とを同時に放電させ、一方、前記第３のステップで前記直流電源への電流の供給無しと判定し、かつ、前記第２のステップで前記第１の電池と前記第２の電池の電圧が異なると判定した場合には、前記第１の電池の電圧が前記第２の電池の電圧よりも高いときは、前記第１のスイッチを閉じた状態かつ前記第２のスイッチを開いた状態として前記第１の電池を放電制御手段が放電させ、前記第２の電池の電圧が前記第１の電池の電圧よりも高いときは、前記第２のスイッチを閉じた状態かつ前記第１のスイッチを開いた状態として前記第２の電池を放電制御手段が放電させ、一方、前記第３のステップで前記直流電源への電流の供給有りと判定すると、放電制御手段が、前記第１のスイッチを開いた状態とし、前記第２のスイッチを閉じた状態とする第４のステップと、を実行することを特徴とする電池管理方法である。
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a direct current power source for supplying a direct current upon receiving a current supply, a first battery, a second battery, and a charging means for the first battery . 1 of the battery, first the said charging means connected in parallel with the first battery, the first battery and the front KiTakashi conductor means are connected in series to the circuit to be connected in parallel A first battery circuit is formed by the switch, and a second battery circuit is formed by the second battery and the DC power source connected in parallel to the second battery , and the first battery circuit is formed . The battery circuit and the second battery circuit are connected in parallel, and a second switch is disposed in a path connecting the first battery circuit and the second battery in parallel. in the battery management system, the voltage measurement and voltage of the first battery and the voltage of the second battery A first step of stage is measured, the second step determining means determines for the first battery voltage and whether the second battery voltage and is the same, the supply of current to the DC power supply A third step of determining the presence or absence, a determination of no supply of current to the DC power source in the third step, and a voltage of the first battery and the second battery in the second step Are determined to be the same, the first switch and the second switch are closed, and the first battery and the second battery are discharged simultaneously , determines that no current supply to the direct current power supply in a third step, and, if the voltage of the second battery and the first battery is determined to differ in the second step, the first When the voltage of one battery is higher than the voltage of the second battery The discharge control means discharges the first battery with the first switch closed and the second switch open, and the voltage of the second battery is greater than the voltage of the first battery. Is higher, the second switch is closed and the first switch is opened, and the second battery is discharged by the discharge control means . On the other hand, in the third step, the DC power source is discharged . If it is determined that there is the supply of current, the discharge control means, and wherein the first switch and an open state, executes a fourth step shall be the state of closing the second switch Battery management method.

本発明では、第１の電池と第２の電池の電圧が同じか否かについて判定手段により判定し、電圧が同じであると判定した場合には第１の電池と第２の電池とを同時に放電制御手段により放電させ、異なると判定した場合には第１の電池と第２の電池のうち電圧の高い方の電池を放電制御手段により放電させるようにした。
これにより、異なる電圧の電池が同時に放電することを防ぐことができるため、並列に接続された一方の電池から他方の電池に電流が流入することがなくなり、放電時に並列に接続された各電池が故障等を起こすことを防ぐことができる。 In the present invention, the determination means determines whether or not the voltages of the first battery and the second battery are the same, and if it is determined that the voltages are the same, the first battery and the second battery are simultaneously used. When it is determined that the discharge control means discharges and the first battery and the second battery are different from each other, the battery having the higher voltage is discharged by the discharge control means.
As a result, it is possible to prevent batteries having different voltages from being discharged at the same time, so that current does not flow from one battery connected in parallel to the other battery, and each battery connected in parallel during discharge It is possible to prevent a failure or the like from occurring.

図１は、本発明の第１の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ａの構成を示すブロック図である。この電池管理システム１１ａは、組電池２（第２の電池）、直流電源３、負荷５、交流電源１２、電池管理装置１０ａを備えている。
組電池２は、複数の二次電池２ａ〜２ｎが直列に接続されることにより構成されている。ここでは、二次電池２ａ〜２ｎとして鉛電池を用いている。直流電源３は、交流電源１２から供給される交流電流を直流電流に変換して、組電池２、電池管理装置１０ａ、負荷５に供給する。
負荷５は、組電池１、組電池２、直流電流３から供給される直流電流を利用して負荷を駆動する。交流電源１２は、交流電流を直流電源３、制御部４に供給する。また、交流電源１２は、停電や故障により直流電源３、制御部４に交流電源を供給することができなくなった場合に、停電検出信号を制御部４に出力する。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the battery management system 11a according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The battery management system 11a includes an assembled battery 2 (second battery), a DC power supply 3, a load 5, an AC power supply 12, and a battery management device 10a.
The assembled battery 2 is configured by connecting a plurality of secondary batteries 2a to 2n in series. Here, lead batteries are used as the secondary batteries 2a to 2n. The direct current power source 3 converts the alternating current supplied from the alternating current power source 12 into a direct current and supplies the direct current to the assembled battery 2, the battery management device 10 a, and the load 5.
The load 5 drives the load using the direct current supplied from the assembled battery 1, the assembled battery 2, and the direct current 3. The AC power supply 12 supplies an AC current to the DC power supply 3 and the control unit 4. In addition, the AC power supply 12 outputs a power failure detection signal to the control unit 4 when the AC power supply cannot be supplied to the DC power supply 3 and the control unit 4 due to a power failure or failure.

電池管理装置１０ａは、組電池１（第１の電池）、制御部４（電圧計測手段、判定手段、放電制御手段、スイッチ制御手段）、電池専用充電器６、スイッチ７（第１のスイッチ）を備えている。
組電池１は、複数の二次電池１ａ〜１ｎが直列に接続されることにより構成されている。ここでは、二次電池１ａ〜１ｎとしてリチウムイオン電池を用いている。
制御部４は、組電池１及び組電池２の電圧を計測する。また、制御部４は、交流電源１２から停電検出信号を取得する。また、制御部４は、組電池１又は組電池２の電圧や停電検出信号に基づいて、スイッチ７に対してスイッチ開閉信号を出力する。また、制御部４は、組電池１が放電を終了する電圧である放電終了電圧を記憶している。制御部４としては、例えば、記憶手段を有するワンチップマイコンを用いる。
電池専用充電器６は、組電池１に直流電流を供給することにより組電池１を充電する。スイッチ７は、制御部４から出力されるスイッチ開閉信号に基づいてスイッチを開閉することにより、組電池１と、組電池２、直流電源３、負荷５とを電気的に接続又は切断する。 The battery management device 10a includes an assembled battery 1 (first battery), a control unit 4 (voltage measurement means, determination means, discharge control means, switch control means), a battery charger 6, and a switch 7 (first switch). It has.
The assembled battery 1 is configured by connecting a plurality of secondary batteries 1a to 1n in series. Here, lithium ion batteries are used as the secondary batteries 1a to 1n.
The control unit 4 measures the voltages of the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2. In addition, the control unit 4 acquires a power failure detection signal from the AC power supply 12. Further, the control unit 4 outputs a switch open / close signal to the switch 7 based on the voltage of the assembled battery 1 or the assembled battery 2 or a power failure detection signal. Moreover, the control part 4 has memorize | stored the discharge completion voltage which is the voltage which the assembled battery 1 complete | finishes discharge. As the control unit 4, for example, a one-chip microcomputer having storage means is used.
The battery charger 6 charges the assembled battery 1 by supplying a direct current to the assembled battery 1. The switch 7 electrically connects or disconnects the assembled battery 1, the assembled battery 2, the DC power source 3, and the load 5 by opening and closing the switch based on a switch opening / closing signal output from the control unit 4.

図２は、本発明の第１の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ａの処理を示すフローチャートである。本発明の第１の実施形態では、複数のリチウムイオン電池が直列接続されている組電池１の電圧が、複数の鉛電池が直列接続されている組電池２の電圧よりも低く設定されている。
始めに、直流電源３により組電池１及び組電池２の充電を行う（ステップＳ１１）。また、制御部４は、停電検出信号を交流電源１２から受信しているか否かについて検出を行う（ステップＳ１１）。
そして、制御部４は、交流電源１２から停電検出信号を受信しているか否かに基づいて、交流電源１２に停電が発生しているか否かについて判定する（ステップＳ１２）。停電が発生していない場合には、ステップＳ１２で「ＮＯ」と判定し、ステップＳ１１へ進む。一方、停電が発生している場合には、ステップＳ１２で「ＹＥＳ」と判定し、ステップＳ１３へ進む。 FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing processing of the battery management system 11a according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the first embodiment of the present invention, the voltage of the assembled battery 1 in which a plurality of lithium ion batteries are connected in series is set lower than the voltage of the assembled battery 2 in which a plurality of lead batteries are connected in series. .
First, the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2 are charged by the DC power source 3 (step S11). Moreover, the control part 4 detects whether the power failure detection signal is received from the alternating current power supply 12 (step S11).
And the control part 4 determines whether the power failure has generate | occur | produced in AC power supply 12 based on whether the power failure detection signal is received from AC power supply 12 (step S12). If a power failure has not occurred, “NO” is determined in the step S12, and the process proceeds to a step S11. On the other hand, if a power failure has occurred, “YES” is determined in the step S12, and the process proceeds to a step S13.

そして、制御部４は、スイッチ開閉信号をスイッチ７に出力してスイッチ７を開くことにより、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１よりも電圧が高い鉛電池からなる組電池２を放電させる（ステップＳ１３）。
また、制御部４は、鉛電池からなる組電池２の電圧と、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の電圧とを組電池電圧値として計測する（ステップＳ１３）。そして、制御部４は、鉛電池からなる組電池２の電圧と、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の電圧とが同じであるか否かについて、ステップＳ１３で計測した組電池電圧値に基づいて判定する（ステップＳ１４）。組電池１と組電池２の電圧が異なる場合には、ステップＳ１４で「ＮＯ」と判定し、ステップＳ１３へ進む。一方、組電池１と組電池２の電圧が同じ場合には、ステップＳ１４で「ＹＥＳ」と判定し、スイッチ開閉信号をスイッチ７に出力することによりスイッチ７を閉じる（ステップＳ１５）。 Then, the control unit 4 outputs a switch open / close signal to the switch 7 to open the switch 7, thereby discharging the assembled battery 2 made of a lead battery having a higher voltage than the assembled battery 1 made of a lithium ion battery (step S13). ).
Moreover, the control part 4 measures the voltage of the assembled battery 2 which consists of lead batteries, and the voltage of the assembled battery 1 which consists of lithium ion batteries as an assembled battery voltage value (step S13). And the control part 4 is based on the assembled battery voltage value measured by step S13 about whether the voltage of the assembled battery 2 which consists of lead batteries, and the voltage of the assembled battery 1 which consists of lithium ion batteries are the same. Determination is made (step S14). If the voltages of the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2 are different, “NO” is determined in the step S14, and the process proceeds to a step S13. On the other hand, when the voltages of the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2 are the same, “YES” is determined in step S14, and the switch 7 is closed by outputting a switch open / close signal to the switch 7 (step S15).

そして、制御部４は、鉛電池からなる組電池２の放電を継続するとともに、スイッチ開閉信号をスイッチ７に出力してスイッチ７を閉じることにより、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１を放電させる（ステップＳ１６）。
また、制御部４は、鉛電池からなる組電池２の電圧と、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の電圧とを組電池電圧値として計測する（ステップＳ１６）。 And the control part 4 discharges the assembled battery 1 which consists of lithium ion batteries by continuing the discharge of the assembled battery 2 which consists of lead batteries, and outputting a switch open / close signal to the switch 7 and closing the switch 7 ( Step S16).
Moreover, the control part 4 measures the voltage of the assembled battery 2 which consists of lead batteries, and the voltage of the assembled battery 1 which consists of lithium ion batteries as an assembled battery voltage value (step S16).

そして、制御部４は、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の電圧が、組電池１の放電終了電圧まで低下したか否かについて判定する（ステップＳ１７）。組電池１の電圧が放電終了電圧まで低下していない場合には、ステップＳ１７で「ＮＯ」と判定し、ステップＳ１９へ進む。一方、組電池１の電圧が放電終了電圧まで低下している場合には、ステップＳ１７で「ＹＥＳ」と判定し、スイッチ開閉信号をスイッチ７に出力してスイッチ７を開くことにより、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の放電を終了する（ステップＳ１８）。   And the control part 4 determines whether the voltage of the assembled battery 1 consisting of a lithium ion battery fell to the discharge completion voltage of the assembled battery 1 (step S17). If the voltage of the assembled battery 1 has not decreased to the discharge end voltage, “NO” is determined in the step S17, and the process proceeds to a step S19. On the other hand, when the voltage of the assembled battery 1 has decreased to the discharge end voltage, “YES” is determined in step S17, a switch open / close signal is output to the switch 7 and the switch 7 is opened, whereby the lithium ion battery Discharge of the assembled battery 1 consisting of (step S18)

そして、制御部４は、交流電源１２から停電検出信号を検出しなくなったか否かに基づいて、交流電源１２の停電が終了したか否かについて判定する（ステップＳ１９）。交流電源１２の停電が終了していない場合には、ステップＳ１９で「ＮＯ」と判定し、ステップＳ１６へ進む。一方、交流電源１２の停電が終了している場合には、ステップＳ１９で「ＹＥＳ」と判定し、スイッチ開閉信号を出力することによりスイッチ７を開放する（ステップＳ２０）。これにより、組電池１は電池専用充電器６により充電され、組電池２は直流電源３により充電される。そして、ステップＳ１１へ進む。   And the control part 4 determines whether the power failure of the alternating current power supply 12 was complete | finished based on whether the power failure detection signal was no longer detected from the alternating current power supply 12 (step S19). If the power failure of the AC power supply 12 has not ended, “NO” is determined in the step S19, and the process proceeds to a step S16. On the other hand, if the power failure of the AC power supply 12 has ended, “YES” is determined in step S19, and the switch 7 is opened by outputting a switch open / close signal (step S20). Thereby, the assembled battery 1 is charged by the battery charger 6 and the assembled battery 2 is charged by the DC power source 3. Then, the process proceeds to step S11.

図３は、本発明の第１の実施形態による電池管理システムを用いた場合の組電池１と組電池２の電圧の変化の一例を示すグラフである。図３において、横軸は時間を示しており、縦軸は電圧を示している。また、曲線ｇ１１は、鉛電池からなる組電池２の電圧の変化を示している。また、曲線ｇ２１は、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の電圧の変化を示している。 FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of changes in voltage of the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2 when the battery management system according to the first embodiment of the present invention is used. In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates voltage. Curve g 11 shows the variation of the voltage of the battery pack 2 comprising a lead-acid battery. A curve g 21 shows a change in voltage of the assembled battery 1 made of a lithium ion battery.

時刻ｔ１０〜ｔ１１の時間帯ｋ１１では、直流電源３から供給される直流電流を利用して、組電池１と組電池２の充電が行われる（図２のステップＳ１１）。鉛電池からなる組電池２の電圧は、組電池２の維持充電電圧Ｖ２１まで充電される。また、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の電圧は、組電池１の維持充電電圧Ｖ１１まで充電される。
時刻ｔ１１において交流電源１２に停電が発生すると、制御部４は時刻ｔ１１〜ｔ１２の時間帯ｋ１２において、組電池１よりも電圧が高い組電池２を放電させることにより負荷５に電力を供給する（図２のステップＳ１３）。これにより、組電池２の電圧は時間が経過するに従い低下する。 In time period k 11 at time t 10 ~t 11, by using a direct current supplied from the DC power supply 3, the charging of the assembled battery 1 and the battery pack 2 is performed (step S11 in FIG. 2). The voltage of the assembled battery 2 made of a lead battery is charged up to the maintenance charging voltage V 21 of the assembled battery 2. Further, the voltage of the assembled battery 1 made of a lithium ion battery is charged up to the maintenance charging voltage V 11 of the assembled battery 1.
When a power failure occurs to the AC power supply 12 at time t 11, the time slot k 12 of the control unit 4 the time t 11 ~t 12, power to the load 5 by discharging the assembled battery 2 voltage higher than the battery pack 1 Is supplied (step S13 in FIG. 2). Thereby, the voltage of the assembled battery 2 falls as time passes.

時刻ｔ１２において、組電池１と組電池２の電圧が同じになると、制御部４はスイッチ７を閉じることにより、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の放電を開始する。これにより、時刻ｔ１２〜ｔ１３の時間帯ｋ１３では、組電池１と組電池２の双方から負荷５に直流電流が供給される（図２のステップＳ１６）。これにより、組電池１及び組電池２の電圧は時間が経過するに従い低下する。この際、組電池１と組電池２の電圧が同じであるため、一方の組電池１（又は組電池２）から他方の組電池２（又は組電池１）に電流が流入することを防ぐことができる。 At time t 12, when the voltage of the assembled battery 1 and the battery pack 2 is the same, the control unit 4 by closing the switch 7, to start discharging of the assembled battery 1 comprising a lithium-ion battery. Thus, the time period k 13 at time t 12 ~t 13, direct current is supplied from both the battery pack 1 and the battery pack 2 to the load 5 (step S16 in FIG. 2). Thereby, the voltage of the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2 falls as time passes. At this time, since the voltages of the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2 are the same, it is possible to prevent current from flowing from one assembled battery 1 (or assembled battery 2) to the other assembled battery 2 (or assembled battery 1). Can do.

時刻ｔ１３において交流電源１２の停電が復旧すると、時刻ｔ１３〜ｔ１６の時間帯ｋ１４〜ｋ１６では、直流電源３から供給される直流電流を利用して、組電池１と組電池２の充電が行われる（図２のステップＳ１１）。この間、時刻ｔ１４では、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１が、組電池１の維持充電電圧Ｖ１１に達するため、組電池１の充電方式を定電圧方式に切り替える。また、時刻ｔ１５では、鉛電池からなる組電池２が、組電池２の維持充電電圧Ｖ２１に達するため、組電池２の充電方式を定電圧方式に切り替える。
これにより、組電池２の電圧は、時間帯ｋ１４、ｋ１５では上昇し、時間帯ｋ１６では一定となる。また、組電池１の電圧は、時間帯ｋ１４では上昇し、時間帯ｋ１５、ｋ１６では一定となる。 A power failure of the AC power source 12 is restored at time t 13, the time period k 14 to k 16 of time t 13 ~t 16, by using a direct current supplied from the DC power source 3, the assembled battery 1 and the battery pack 2 Is charged (step S11 in FIG. 2). During this period, at time t 14, the assembled battery 1 comprising a lithium-ion battery, to reach the maintenance charge voltage V 11 of the assembled battery 1, switches the charging method of the battery pack 1 to the constant voltage mode. At time t 15 , the assembled battery 2 made of a lead battery reaches the maintenance charging voltage V 21 of the assembled battery 2, so the charging method of the assembled battery 2 is switched to the constant voltage method.
Thereby, the voltage of the assembled battery 2 rises in the time zones k 14 and k 15 and becomes constant in the time zone k 16 . The voltage of the assembled battery 1 rises at time period k 14, becomes constant at time period k 15, k 16.

上述したように、本発明の第１の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ａによれば、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１と、鉛電池からなり組電池１に並列に接続される組電池２の両方を用いて負荷に電力を供給する場合に、初期状態で電圧の高い組電池２から初期状態で電圧の低い組電池１に電流が流入することがないため、組電池１が故障等を起こすことを防ぐことができる。   As described above, according to the battery management system 11 a according to the first embodiment of the present invention, both the assembled battery 1 made of a lithium ion battery and the assembled battery 2 made of a lead battery and connected in parallel to the assembled battery 1. When power is supplied to the load using the battery, current does not flow from the assembled battery 2 having a high voltage in the initial state to the assembled battery 1 having a low voltage in the initial state. Can be prevented.

次に、本発明の第２の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ｂについて説明する。
図４は、本発明の第２の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ｂの構成を示すブロック図である。本実施形態による電池管理システム１１ｂの構成が、電池管理システム１１ａの構成（図１）と同じ部分については、同一の符号を付してそれらの説明を省略する。
本発明の第２の実施形態では、複数のリチウムイオン電池が直列接続されている組電池１の電圧が、複数の鉛電池が直列接続されている組電池２の電圧よりも高く設定されている。 Next, a battery management system 11b according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the battery management system 11b according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals are given to the same parts of the configuration of the battery management system 11b according to the present embodiment as the configuration of the battery management system 11a (FIG. 1), and the description thereof is omitted.
In the second embodiment of the present invention, the voltage of the assembled battery 1 in which a plurality of lithium ion batteries are connected in series is set higher than the voltage of the assembled battery 2 in which a plurality of lead batteries are connected in series. .

本発明の第２の実施形態では、組電池２と制御部４との間に、スイッチ８（第２のスイッチ）とダイオード９が並列に接続された回路が設置されている点において、第１の実施形態と相違する。
スイッチ８は、制御部４から出力されるスイッチ開閉信号に基づいてスイッチを開閉することにより、組電池２や直流電源３と、電池管理装置１０ｂとを電気的に接続又は切断する。
ダイオード９は、電流を一方向のみ通過させる素子であり、電圧の高い組電池１から電圧の低い組電池２に電流が流入することを防ぐために設けられている。
なお、本実施形態の制御部４は、第１の実施形態による制御部４の機能に加えて、組電池１又は組電池２の電圧や停電検出信号に基づいて、スイッチ８に対してスイッチ開閉信号を出力する。 In the second embodiment of the present invention, a first circuit is provided in that a circuit in which a switch 8 (second switch) and a diode 9 are connected in parallel is installed between the assembled battery 2 and the control unit 4. This is different from the embodiment.
The switch 8 electrically connects or disconnects the assembled battery 2 or the DC power source 3 and the battery management device 10b by opening and closing the switch based on a switch opening / closing signal output from the control unit 4.
The diode 9 is an element that allows current to pass only in one direction, and is provided to prevent current from flowing from the assembled battery 1 having a high voltage into the assembled battery 2 having a low voltage.
In addition to the function of the control unit 4 according to the first embodiment, the control unit 4 according to the present embodiment opens and closes the switch 8 with respect to the switch 8 based on the voltage of the assembled battery 1 or the assembled battery 2 or a power failure detection signal. Output a signal.

図５は、本発明の第２の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ｂの処理を示すフローチャートである。本発明の第２の実施形態では、複数のリチウムイオン電池が直列接続されている組電池１の電圧が、複数の鉛電池が直列接続されている組電池２の電圧よりも高く設定されている。
始めに、直流電源３により組電池１及び組電池２の充電を行う（ステップＳ３１）。また、制御部４は、停電検出信号を交流電源１２から受信しているか否かについて検出を行う（ステップＳ３１）。 FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing processing of the battery management system 11b according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment of the present invention, the voltage of the assembled battery 1 in which a plurality of lithium ion batteries are connected in series is set higher than the voltage of the assembled battery 2 in which a plurality of lead batteries are connected in series. .
First, the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2 are charged by the DC power source 3 (step S31). Moreover, the control part 4 detects whether the power failure detection signal is received from the alternating current power supply 12 (step S31).

そして、制御部４は、交流電源１２から停電検出信号を受信しているか否かに基づいて、交流電源１２に停電が発生しているか否かについて判定する（ステップＳ３２）。停電が発生していない場合には、ステップＳ３２で「ＮＯ」と判定し、ステップＳ３１へ進む。一方、停電が発生している場合には、ステップＳ３２で「ＹＥＳ」と判定し、制御部４はスイッチ開閉信号をスイッチ７に出力することによりスイッチ７を閉じるとともに、スイッチ開閉信号をスイッチ８に出力することによりスイッチ８を開く（ステップＳ３３）。 And the control part 4 determines whether the power failure has generate | occur | produced in AC power supply 12 based on whether the power failure detection signal is received from AC power supply 12 (step S32). If a power failure has not occurred, “NO” is determined in the step S32, and the process proceeds to a step S31. On the other hand, if a power failure has occurred, “YES” is determined in step S 32, and the control unit 4 outputs the switch opening / closing signal to the switch 7 to close the switch 7 and the switch opening / closing signal to the switch 8. By outputting, the switch 8 is opened (step S33).

これにより、鉛電池からなる組電池２よりも電圧が高いリチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１を放電させる（ステップＳ３４）。
また、制御部４は、鉛電池からなる組電池２の電圧と、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の電圧とを組電池電圧値として計測する（ステップＳ３４）。
そして、制御部４は、鉛電池からなる組電池２の電圧と、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の電圧とが同じであるか否かについて判定する（ステップＳ３５）。組電池１と組電池２の電圧が異なる場合には、ステップＳ３５で「ＮＯ」と判定し、ステップＳ３４へ進む。一方、組電池１と組電池２の電圧が同じ場合には、ステップＳ３５で「ＹＥＳ」と判定し、スイッチ開閉信号をスイッチ８に出力することによりスイッチ８を閉じる（ステップＳ３６）。これにより、鉛電池からなる組電池２の放電が開始される。 Thereby, the assembled battery 1 made of a lithium ion battery having a higher voltage than the assembled battery 2 made of a lead battery is discharged (step S34).
Moreover, the control part 4 measures the voltage of the assembled battery 2 which consists of lead batteries, and the voltage of the assembled battery 1 which consists of lithium ion batteries as an assembled battery voltage value (step S34).
And the control part 4 determines whether the voltage of the assembled battery 2 which consists of lead batteries, and the voltage of the assembled battery 1 which consists of lithium ion batteries are the same (step S35). When the voltages of the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2 are different, “NO” is determined in the step S35, and the process proceeds to a step S34. On the other hand, when the voltages of the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2 are the same, “YES” is determined in step S35, and the switch 8 is closed by outputting a switch open / close signal to the switch 8 (step S36). Thereby, discharge of the assembled battery 2 which consists of lead batteries is started.

これにより、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１と鉛電池からなる組電池２の双方から放電が行なわれる（ステップＳ３７）。
また、制御部４は、鉛電池からなる組電池２の電圧と、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の電圧とを組電池電圧値として計測する（ステップＳ３７）。
そして、制御部４は、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の電圧が、組電池１の放電終了電圧まで低下したか否かについて判定する（ステップＳ３８）。組電池１の電圧が放電終了電圧まで低下していない場合には、ステップＳ３８で「ＮＯ」と判定し、ステップＳ４０へ進む。一方、組電池１の電圧が放電終了電圧まで低下している場合には、ステップＳ３８で「ＹＥＳ」と判定し、スイッチ開閉信号をスイッチ７に出力してスイッチ７を開くことにより、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の放電を終了する（ステップＳ３９）。 Thereby, discharge is performed from both the assembled battery 1 made of a lithium ion battery and the assembled battery 2 made of a lead battery (step S37).
Moreover, the control part 4 measures the voltage of the assembled battery 2 which consists of lead batteries, and the voltage of the assembled battery 1 which consists of lithium ion batteries as an assembled battery voltage value (step S37).
And the control part 4 determines whether the voltage of the assembled battery 1 consisting of a lithium ion battery fell to the discharge termination voltage of the assembled battery 1 (step S38). When the voltage of the assembled battery 1 has not decreased to the discharge end voltage, “NO” is determined in the step S38, and the process proceeds to a step S40. On the other hand, when the voltage of the assembled battery 1 has decreased to the discharge end voltage, “YES” is determined in step S 38, and a switch open / close signal is output to the switch 7 to open the switch 7. The discharge of the assembled battery 1 consisting of is terminated (step S39).

そして、制御部４は、交流電源１２から停電検出信号を検出しなくなったか否かに基づいて、交流電源１２の停電が終了したか否かについて判定する（ステップＳ４０）。交流電源１２の停電が終了していない場合には、ステップＳ４０で「ＮＯ」と判定し、ステップＳ３７へ進む。一方、交流電源１２の停電が終了している場合には、ステップＳ４０で「ＹＥＳ」と判定し、スイッチ開閉信号を出力することによりスイッチ７を開くとともにスイッチ８を閉じる（ステップＳ４１）。これにより、組電池１は電池専用充電器６により充電され、組電池２は直流電源３により充電される。そして、ステップＳ３１へ進む。   And the control part 4 determines whether the power failure of the alternating current power supply 12 was complete | finished based on whether the power failure detection signal was no longer detected from the alternating current power supply 12 (step S40). If the power failure of the AC power supply 12 has not ended, “NO” is determined in the step S40, and the process proceeds to a step S37. On the other hand, when the power failure of the AC power supply 12 has ended, “YES” is determined in step S40, and the switch 7 is opened and the switch 8 is closed by outputting a switch open / close signal (step S41). Thereby, the assembled battery 1 is charged by the battery charger 6 and the assembled battery 2 is charged by the DC power source 3. Then, the process proceeds to step S31.

図６は、本発明の第２の実施形態による電池管理システムを用いた場合の組電池１と組電池２の電圧の変化の一例を示すグラフである。図６において、横軸は時間を示しており、縦軸は電圧を示している。また、曲線ｇ１２は、鉛電池からなる組電池２の電圧の変化を示している。また、曲線ｇ２２は、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の電圧の変化を示している。
時刻ｔ２０〜ｔ２１の時間帯ｋ２１では、直流電源３から供給される直流電流を利用して、組電池１と組電池２の充電が行われる（図５のステップＳ３１）。鉛電池からなる組電池２の電圧は、組電池２の維持充電電圧Ｖ２２まで充電される。また、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の電圧は、組電池１の維持充電電圧Ｖ１２まで充電される。 FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of a change in voltage between the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2 when the battery management system according to the second embodiment of the present invention is used. In FIG. 6, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates voltage. Curve g 12 shows the variation of the voltage of the battery pack 2 comprising a lead-acid battery. Curve g 22 shows the variation of the voltage of the assembled battery 1 comprising a lithium-ion battery.
In time period k 21 at time t 20 ~t 21, by using a direct current supplied from the DC power supply 3, the charging of the assembled battery 1 and the battery pack 2 is performed (step S31 in FIG. 5). The voltage of the assembled battery 2 made of a lead battery is charged up to the maintenance charging voltage V 22 of the assembled battery 2. Further, the voltage of the assembled battery 1 made of a lithium ion battery is charged up to the maintenance charging voltage V 12 of the assembled battery 1.

時刻ｔ２１において交流電源１２に停電が発生すると、制御部４は時刻ｔ２１〜ｔ２２の時間帯ｋ２２において、組電池２よりも電圧が高い組電池１を放電させることにより負荷５に電力を供給する（図５のステップＳ３４）。これにより、組電池１の電圧は時間が経過するに従い低下する。
時刻ｔ２２において、組電池１と組電池２の電圧が同じになると、制御部４はスイッチ８を閉じることにより、鉛電池からなる組電池２の放電を開始する。これにより、時刻ｔ２２〜ｔ２３の時間帯ｋ２３では、組電池１と組電池２の双方から負荷５に直流電流が供給される（図５のステップＳ３７）。これにより、組電池１及び組電池２の電圧は時間が経過するに従い低下する。この際、組電池１と組電池２の電圧が同じであるため、一方の組電池１（又は組電池２）から他方の組電池２（又は組電池１）に電流が流入することを防ぐことができる。 When a power failure occurs to the AC power supply 12 at time t 21, the time slot k 22 of the control unit 4 the time t 21 ~t 22, power to the load 5 by discharging the assembled battery 1 voltage higher than the battery pack 2 Is supplied (step S34 in FIG. 5). Thereby, the voltage of the assembled battery 1 falls as time passes.
At time t 22, when the voltage of the assembled battery 1 and the battery pack 2 is the same, the control unit 4 by closing the switch 8 to start the discharging of the battery pack 2 comprising a lead-acid battery. Thus, the time period k 23 at time t 22 ~t 23, direct current is supplied from both the battery pack 1 and the battery pack 2 to the load 5 (step S37 in FIG. 5). Thereby, the voltage of the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2 falls as time passes. At this time, since the voltages of the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2 are the same, it is possible to prevent current from flowing from one assembled battery 1 (or assembled battery 2) to the other assembled battery 2 (or assembled battery 1). Can do.

時刻ｔ２３において交流電源１２の停電が復旧すると、時刻ｔ２３〜ｔ２６の時間帯ｋ２４〜ｋ２６では、直流電源３から供給される直流電流を利用して、組電池１と組電池２の充電が行われる（図５のステップＳ３１）。この間、時刻ｔ２５では、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１が、組電池１の維持充電電圧Ｖ１２に達するため、組電池１の充電方式を定電圧方式に切り替える。また、時刻ｔ２４では、鉛電池からなる組電池２が、組電池２の維持充電電圧Ｖ２２に達するため、組電池２の充電方式を定電圧方式に切り替える。
これにより、組電池２の電圧は、時間帯ｋ２４では上昇し、時間帯ｋ２５、ｋ２６では一定となる。また、組電池１の電圧は、時間帯ｋ２４、ｋ２５では上昇し、時間帯ｋ２６では一定となる。 A power failure of the AC power source 12 is restored at time t 23, the time period k 24 to k 26 of time t 23 ~t 26, by using a direct current supplied from the DC power source 3, the assembled battery 1 and the battery pack 2 Is charged (step S31 in FIG. 5). Meanwhile, at time t 25 , the assembled battery 1 made of a lithium ion battery reaches the maintenance charging voltage V 12 of the assembled battery 1, and therefore the charging method of the assembled battery 1 is switched to the constant voltage method. At time t 24 , the assembled battery 2 made of a lead battery reaches the maintenance charging voltage V 22 of the assembled battery 2, so that the charging system of the assembled battery 2 is switched to the constant voltage system.
Accordingly, the voltage of the assembled battery 2 rises at time period k 24, becomes constant at time period k 25, k 26. Further, the voltage of the assembled battery 1 rises in the time zones k 24 and k 25 and becomes constant in the time zone k 26 .

上述したように、本発明の第２の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ｂによれば、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１と、鉛電池からなり組電池１に並列に接続される組電池２の両方を用いて負荷に電力を供給する場合に、初期状態で電圧の高い組電池２から初期状態で電圧の低い組電池１に電流が流入することがないため、組電池１が故障等を起こすことを防ぐことができる。
更に、組電池１と組電池２との間に、スイッチ８とダイオード９を並列接続した回路を設置し、リチウムイオン電池からなる組電池１の電圧が鉛電池からなる組電池２の電圧よりも高い場合にはスイッチ８を開き、組電池１の電圧が組電池２の電圧よりも低い場合にはスイッチ８を閉じるようにしたので、電圧の高い組電池１から電圧の低い組電池２に電流が流入することを確実に防ぐことができる。 As described above, according to the battery management system 11b according to the second embodiment of the present invention, both the assembled battery 1 made of a lithium ion battery and the assembled battery 2 made of a lead battery and connected in parallel to the assembled battery 1 are used. When power is supplied to the load using the battery, current does not flow from the assembled battery 2 having a high voltage in the initial state to the assembled battery 1 having a low voltage in the initial state. Can be prevented.
Further, a circuit in which a switch 8 and a diode 9 are connected in parallel is installed between the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2, and the voltage of the assembled battery 1 made of a lithium ion battery is higher than the voltage of the assembled battery 2 made of a lead battery. When the voltage is high, the switch 8 is opened, and when the voltage of the assembled battery 1 is lower than the voltage of the assembled battery 2, the switch 8 is closed. Can surely be prevented from flowing in.

次に、本発明の第３の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ｃについて説明する。
図７は、本発明の第３の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ｃの構成を示すブロック図である。本実施形態による電池管理システム１１ｃの構成が、電池管理システム１１ｂの構成（図４）と同じ部分については、同一の符号を付してそれらの説明を省略する。
本発明の第３の実施形態では、二次電池２ａ〜２ｎのそれぞれに電圧調整回路１３ａ〜１３ｎが並列に接続されている点において、第２の実施形態と相違する。
電圧調整回路１３ａ〜１３ｎは、二次電池２ａ〜２ｎに充電時の電流を流入させるか、バイパス回路を経由させて二次電池２ａ〜２ｎに電流を流入させないかについて制御する。
制御部４は、各二次電池２ａ〜２ｎの電圧を計測し、計測した電圧が、二次電池が充電できる最大の電圧である最大充電電圧に達している場合には、電圧調整回路１３ａ〜１３ｎを制御することにより、二次電池に流入する電流をバイパス回路に流すように制御する。 Next, a battery management system 11c according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a battery management system 11c according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Parts that are the same as the configuration of the battery management system 11b (FIG. 4) in the configuration of the battery management system 11c according to the present embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
The third embodiment of the present invention is different from the second embodiment in that voltage regulation circuits 13a to 13n are connected in parallel to the secondary batteries 2a to 2n, respectively.
The voltage adjustment circuits 13a to 13n control whether the current at the time of charging flows into the secondary batteries 2a to 2n or whether the current does not flow into the secondary batteries 2a to 2n via the bypass circuit.
The control unit 4 measures the voltage of each of the secondary batteries 2a to 2n, and when the measured voltage reaches the maximum charging voltage that is the maximum voltage that can be charged by the secondary battery, the voltage adjustment circuit 13a to 13a. By controlling 13n, the current flowing into the secondary battery is controlled to flow through the bypass circuit.

上述したように、本発明の第３の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ｃによれば、第２の実施形態により得られる効果に加えて、組電池１を構成する二次電池２ａ〜２ｎが過充電されることにより、二次電池２ａ〜２ｎが破損することを防ぐことができる。   As described above, according to the battery management system 11c according to the third embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the effects obtained by the second embodiment, the secondary batteries 2a to 2n constituting the assembled battery 1 are overcharged. As a result, the secondary batteries 2a to 2n can be prevented from being damaged.

上述した第１〜第３の実施形態によれば、電池の容量・重量が大きい鉛電池を用いて負荷に電力を供給している場合であって更に負荷に電力を供給する必要がある場合であっても、同種類・動電圧の鉛電池を増設する必要はなく、小スペース・低荷重のリチウムイオン電池を増設することにより電力の供給を増加させることができる。   According to the first to third embodiments described above, when a lead battery having a large battery capacity / weight is used to supply power to the load, it is further necessary to supply power to the load. Even if it is, there is no need to add a lead battery of the same type and dynamic voltage, and the supply of electric power can be increased by adding a small space and low load lithium ion battery.

なお、上述した第１〜第３の実施形態では、直列に接続された複数の二次電池１ａ〜１ｎ（又は２ａ〜２ｎ）により組電池１（又は組電池２）が構成される場合について説明したが、１つの二次電池により構成してもよい。
また、上述した第１〜第３の実施形態では、二次電池１がリチウムイオン電池であり二次電池２が鉛電池である場合について説明したが、これに限定されるものではなく、その他の電池（二次電池ではない電池も含む）を用いてもよい。
また、上述した第１〜第３の実施形態では、組電池１及び組電池２として異なる種類の組電池を用いる場合について説明したが、これに限定されるものではなく、同じ種類の組電池を用いてもよい。 In the first to third embodiments described above, the case where the assembled battery 1 (or the assembled battery 2) is configured by a plurality of secondary batteries 1a to 1n (or 2a to 2n) connected in series will be described. However, you may comprise by one secondary battery.
In the above-described first to third embodiments, the case where the secondary battery 1 is a lithium ion battery and the secondary battery 2 is a lead battery has been described. A battery (including a battery that is not a secondary battery) may be used.
In the first to third embodiments described above, the case where different types of assembled batteries are used as the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2 is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the same type of assembled battery is used. It may be used.

なお、以上説明した実施形態において、図１、図４、図７の制御部４の機能を実現するためのプログラムをコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体に記録して、この記録媒体に記録されたプログラムをコンピュータシステムに読み込ませ、実行することにより電池管理装置１０ａ〜１０ｃの制御を行ってもよい。なお、ここでいう「コンピュータシステム」とは、ＯＳや周辺機器等のハードウェアを含むものとする。   In the embodiment described above, a program for realizing the functions of the control unit 4 in FIGS. 1, 4 and 7 is recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium is recorded. The battery management devices 10a to 10c may be controlled by being read and executed by a computer system. Here, the “computer system” includes an OS and hardware such as peripheral devices.

以上、この発明の実施形態について図面を参照して詳述してきたが、具体的な構成はこの実施形態に限られるものではなく、この発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計等も含まれる。   The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and includes designs and the like that do not depart from the gist of the present invention.

本発明の第１の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ａの構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the battery management system 11a by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ａの処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the process of the battery management system 11a by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１の実施形態による電池管理システムを用いた場合の組電池１と組電池２の電圧の変化の一例を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows an example of the change of the voltage of the assembled battery 1 at the time of using the battery management system by the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and the assembled battery 2. FIG. 本発明の第２の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ｂの構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the battery management system 11b by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ｂの処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the process of the battery management system 11b by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２の実施形態による電池管理システムを用いた場合の組電池１と組電池２の電圧の変化の一例を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows an example of the change of the voltage of the assembled battery 1 and the assembled battery 2 at the time of using the battery management system by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第３の実施形態による電池管理システム１１ｃの構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the battery management system 11c by the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 二次電池としてリチウムイオン電池を直列に複数接続した組電池の電圧と、二次電池として鉛電池を直列に複数接続した組電池の電圧の関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship of the voltage of the assembled battery which connected multiple lithium ion batteries in series as a secondary battery, and the voltage of the assembled battery which connected several lead batteries in series as a secondary battery.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１・・・組電池、１ａ〜１ｎ・・・二次電池、２・・・組電池、２ａ〜２ｎ・・・二次電池、３・・・直流電源、４・・・制御部、５・・・負荷、６・・・電池専用充電器、７・・・スイッチ、８・・・スイッチ、９・・・ダイオード、１０ａ〜１０ｃ・・・電池管理装置、１１ａ〜１１ｃ・・・電池管理システム、１２・・・交流電源、１３ａ〜１３ｎ・・・電圧調整回路
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Assembly battery, 1a-1n ... Secondary battery, 2 ... Assembly battery, 2a-2n ... Secondary battery, 3 ... DC power supply, 4 ... Control part, 5. ..Load, 6 ... Battery charger, 7 ... Switch, 8 ... Switch, 9 ... Diode, 10a-10c ... Battery management device, 11a-11c ... Battery management system , 12 ... AC power supply, 13a to 13n ... Voltage adjustment circuit

Claims (4)

電流の供給を受けて直流電流を供給する直流電源、第１の電池、第２の電池、および前記第１の電池の充電手段を有する電池管理システムにおいて、
前記第１の電池と、
前記第１の電池に並列に接続される前記充電手段と、
前記第１の電池と前記充電手段とが並列に接続される回路に対して直列に接続される第１のスイッチと、
によって第１の電池回路を形成し、
前記第２の電池と、
前記第２の電池に並列に接続される前記直流電源と、
によって第２の電池回路を形成し、
前記第１の電池回路と、前記第２の電池回路とは、並列に接続されており、前記第１の電池回路と前記第２の電池とを並列に接続する経路に第２のスイッチが配置されており、
前記電池管理システムは、
前記第１の電池の電圧と前記第２の電池の電圧とを計測する電圧計測手段と、
前記第１の電池の電圧と前記第２の電池の電圧が同じか否かについて判定する判定手段と、
前記直流電源への電流の供給の有無を判定し、判定結果に基づいて前記第１のスイッチと前記第２のスイッチとの開閉を制御する放電制御手段と、
を備え、
前記放電制御手段は、前記直流電源への電流の供給無しと判定し、かつ、前記判定手段が前記第１の電池と前記第２の電池の電圧が同じであると判定した場合には、前記第１のスイッチおよび前記第２のスイッチを閉じた状態として前記第１の電池と前記第２の電池とを同時に放電させ、一方、前記直流電源への電流の供給無しと判定し、かつ、前記判定手段が前記第１の電池と前記第２の電池の電圧が異なると判定した場合には、前記第１の電池の電圧が前記第２の電池の電圧よりも高いときは、前記第１のスイッチを閉じた状態かつ前記第２のスイッチを開いた状態として前記第１の電池を放電させ、前記第２の電池の電圧が前記第１の電池の電圧よりも高いときは、前記第２のスイッチを閉じた状態かつ前記第１のスイッチを開いた状態として前記第２の電池を放電させ、一方、前記直流電源への電流の供給有りと判定すると、前記第１のスイッチを開いた状態とし、前記第２のスイッチを閉じた状態とすることを特徴とする電池管理システム。 In a battery management system having a DC power source that receives a supply of current and supplies a DC current, a first battery, a second battery, and a charging means for the first battery,
Said first battery,
Said charging means connected in parallel with the first battery,
A first switch connected in series to the circuit and the first battery before KiTakashi conductor means are connected in parallel,
The first battery circuit is formed by,
Said second battery,
The DC power source connected in parallel to the second battery;
The second battery circuit is formed by,
The first battery circuit and the second battery circuit are connected in parallel, and a second switch is arranged in a path connecting the first battery circuit and the second battery in parallel. Has been
The battery management system includes:
Voltage measuring means for measuring the voltage of the first battery and the voltage of the second battery;
Determining means for determining whether the voltage of the first battery and the voltage of the second battery are the same;
Discharge control means for determining whether or not current is supplied to the DC power supply, and controlling opening and closing of the first switch and the second switch based on a determination result;
With
When the discharge control means determines that no current is supplied to the DC power supply, and the determination means determines that the voltages of the first battery and the second battery are the same, The first switch and the second switch are closed to simultaneously discharge the first battery and the second battery, while determining that no current is supplied to the DC power supply; and When the determination means determines that the voltages of the first battery and the second battery are different, when the voltage of the first battery is higher than the voltage of the second battery, the first battery When the switch is closed and the second switch is opened, the first battery is discharged, and when the voltage of the second battery is higher than the voltage of the first battery, the second battery The switch is closed and the first switch is opened The discharges the second cell, whereas, if it is determined that there is the supply of current to the DC power source, wherein the first switch and an open state, the closed state of the second switch as Battery management system. 前記第２のスイッチと並列に接続され前記第１の電池から前記第２の電池に放電電流が流れるのを防ぐダイオードを備え、
前記直流電源は、浮動充電を行う電源であり、
前記放電制御手段は、前記直流電源への電流の供給有りと判定すると前記第１のスイッチを開いた状態とし、前記第２のスイッチを閉じた状態とする
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電池管理システム。 A diode connected in parallel with the second switch to prevent a discharge current from flowing from the first battery to the second battery;
The DC power supply is a power supply that performs floating charging,
Said discharge control means to claim 1, wherein the state of supply there and determining open the first switch of a current to the DC power supply, characterized by a state of closing the second switch The battery management system described. 前記第１の電池は直列に接続された複数のリチウムイオン電池からなり、
前記第２の電池は直列に接続された複数の鉛電池からなることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の電池管理システム。 The first battery comprises a plurality of lithium ion batteries connected in series,
The battery management system of claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the second cell is characterized by comprising a plurality of lead batteries connected in series. 電流の供給を受けて直流電流を供給する直流電源、第１の電池、第２の電池、および前記第１の電池の充電手段を有し、前記第１の電池と、前記第１の電池に並列に接続される前記充電手段と、前記第１の電池と前記充電手段とが並列に接続される回路に対して直列に接続される第１のスイッチと、によって第１の電池回路を形成し、前記第２の電池と、前記第２の電池に並列に接続される前記直流電源と、によって第２の電池回路を形成し、前記第１の電池回路と、前記第２の電池回路とは、並列に接続されており、前記第１の電池回路と前記第２の電池とを並列に接続する経路に第２のスイッチが配置されている電池管理システムにおいて、
前記第１の電池の電圧と、前記第２の電池の電圧とを電圧計測手段が計測する第１のステップと、
第１の電池の電圧と第２の電池の電圧とが同じか否かについて判定手段が判定する第２のステップと、
前記直流電源への電流の供給の有無を判定する第３のステップと、
前記第３のステップで前記直流電源への電流の供給無しと判定し、かつ、前記第２のステップで前記第１の電池と前記第２の電池の電圧が同じであると判定した場合には、前記第１のスイッチ、および、前記第２のスイッチを閉じた状態として、前記第１の電池と前記第２の電池とを同時に放電させ、一方、前記第３のステップで前記直流電源への電流の供給無しと判定し、かつ、前記第２のステップで前記第１の電池と前記第２の電池の電圧が異なると判定した場合には、前記第１の電池の電圧が前記第２の電池の電圧よりも高いときは、前記第１のスイッチを閉じた状態かつ前記第２のスイッチを開いた状態として前記第１の電池を放電制御手段が放電させ、前記第２の電池の電圧が前記第１の電池の電圧よりも高いときは、前記第２のスイッチを閉じた状態かつ前記第１のスイッチを開いた状態として前記第２の電池を放電制御手段が放電させ、一方、前記第３のステップで前記直流電源への電流の供給有りと判定すると、放電制御手段が、前記第１のスイッチを開いた状態とし、前記第２のスイッチを閉じた状態とする第４のステップと、
を実行することを特徴とする電池管理方法。 A direct current power source for supplying a direct current upon receiving a current supply, a first battery, a second battery, and a charging means for the first battery, wherein the first battery and the first battery It said charging means connected in parallel, a first switch connected in series to the circuit and the first battery before KiTakashi conductor means are connected in parallel, the first battery circuit by formed, the second battery, wherein a DC power supply connected in parallel to the second battery, by forming a second battery circuit, the a first battery circuit, the second battery circuit Is connected in parallel, and in the battery management system in which a second switch is arranged in a path connecting the first battery circuit and the second battery in parallel,
A first step in which voltage measuring means measures the voltage of the first battery and the voltage of the second battery;
A second step in which the determining means determines whether or not the voltage of the first battery and the voltage of the second battery are the same;
A third step of determining whether or not current is supplied to the DC power supply;
When it is determined in the third step that no current is supplied to the DC power supply, and in the second step, it is determined that the voltages of the first battery and the second battery are the same. The first switch and the second switch are closed, and the first battery and the second battery are discharged simultaneously, while the third step supplies the DC power to the DC power source. If it is determined that no current is supplied, and it is determined in the second step that the voltages of the first battery and the second battery are different, the voltage of the first battery is the second voltage. When the voltage is higher than the battery voltage, the discharge control means discharges the first battery with the first switch closed and the second switch open, and the voltage of the second battery is When the voltage is higher than the voltage of the first battery, the second battery Discharge control means said second cell as the state state and open the first switch closed switch is a discharge, whereas, when determining that there supply of current to the DC power source in said third step, discharge control means, and opened the first switch, and a fourth step shall be the state of closing the second switch,
The battery management method characterized by performing.
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