JPH11180351A - Cab structure of cab-over-engine truck - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively absorb the energy and to effectively inhibit the deformation of the total cab by fitting a rear part of a front pipe and a front part of a rear pipe in a longitudinal direction slidably to each other. SOLUTION: A front pipe 22 and a rear pipe 23 are stored in the space partitioned by a bottom wall 10 and both side walls 11 of a front frame 20 and a rear frame 21. A front part 24 and a rear part 26 of the front pipe 22 are arc-welded to a front bracket 30 and an intermediate bracket 32 fixed to the front frame 20 by welding. A rear part 25 of the rear pipe 23 is arc- welded to a rear bracket 31 fixed to the rear frame 21 by welding. An inner diameter of the front pipe 22 is larger than an outer diameter of the rear pipe 23, and a front part 27 of the rear pipe 23 is slidably fitted inside of the rear part 26 of the front pipe 22. Whereby the impact energy can be effectively absorbed, and the permanent deformation amount of the total cab can be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cab structure of a cab-over type truck in which a floor frame extending substantially in the front-rear direction of a cab is fixed to a lower surface of a floor panel constituting a floor of a passenger compartment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art According to the above-described cab structure, a floor frame extending substantially in the front-rear direction of the cab is fixed to the lower surface of the floor panel, so that the cab can be increased in rigidity and strength.

[0003] On the other hand, in this type of cab structure, a floor frame portion and a floor panel portion at the rear of the cab are provided with:
These form a bead or notch that triggers permanent deformation, and when a large external force is applied to the cab in the front-rear direction, the bead or notch triggers the floor frame portion and floor panel portion at the rear of the cab. A cab structure has been proposed in which permanent deformation is positively performed, whereby energy is efficiently absorbed, and the amount of permanent deformation of the entire cab is reduced.

However, in the cab structure of this type which has been conventionally proposed, when an external force is applied to the cab, the rear floor frame portion and the floor panel portion are permanently deformed so as to be bent. Large energy absorption efficiency cannot be expected during the deformation. Ideally, to maximize the energy absorption efficiency, the floor frame should be permanently deformed so as to be crushed in the longitudinal direction, but it will simply trigger the permanent deformation of the floor frame or floor panel as in the past. The formation of beads or notches alone could not permanently transform them into ideal forms, and did not provide a large energy absorption efficiency.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made based on the above-described novel recognition, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cab which is provided with a large external force in the front-rear direction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cab structure of a cab-over type truck that can absorb the energy more efficiently than before and effectively suppress the amount of deformation of the entire cab.

[0006]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, in a cab structure of a cab-over type truck of the type described at the beginning, a floor frame is divided into a plurality in the front-rear direction of the cab, and A front frame located on the side and a rear frame located on the rear side, and a rear portion of the front frame and a front portion of the rear frame are fixed to each other by welding, and the front frame and the rear frame are respectively substantially in front and rear of the cab. The front pipe and the rear pipe extending in the direction are fixedly supported, respectively.
A cab structure of a cab-over type truck, characterized in that a rear portion of the front pipe and a front portion of the rear pipe are slidably fitted to each other in a longitudinal direction of the pipes (claim 1).

At this time, when an external force is applied to the cab in the front-rear direction, when the front pipe and the rear pipe relatively move in a direction of approaching each other, the front pipe is designed to gradually increase the frictional force acting between the two pipes. Advantageously, the diameter of at least a part of at least one of the and the rear pipe is gradually changed in the longitudinal direction thereof (claim 2).

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, in a cab structure of a cab-over-type truck of the type described at the beginning, a floor frame is divided into a plurality of parts in the front-rear direction of the cab, and is located on the front side. It has a front frame and a rear frame located on the rear side, a rear part of the front frame and a front part of the rear frame are fixed to each other by welding, and the front frame constitutes a shock absorber extending substantially in the front-rear direction of the cab. A cab-over-type truck cab structure is characterized in that one of a cylinder and a piston rod is fixedly supported, and the other of the cylinder and the piston rod is fixedly supported on a rear frame. 3).

Further, in the cab structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, a plurality of beads extending substantially in the width direction of the cab and arranged in the front-rear direction are formed in a rear region of the floor panel. Is particularly advantageous (claim 4).

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a cab of a cab-over type truck. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the outer contour of the cab 1 by a chain line, and showing only a part of the cab 1 by a solid line. In addition, "before" used in this specification,
The terms "front", "rear", and "rear" mean front and rear with respect to the forward direction F of the vehicle, and the direction orthogonal to the front and rear direction is the cab width direction W.

1 and 2, a cab 1 has a roof panel 2 defining an upper part of a cabin, a quarter panel 3 constituting a side portion of the cab 1, a floor panel 4 constituting a floor of the cabin, and a car. It has various panels such as a back panel 5 that partitions the rear of the room and a front panel 6 that is located in front of the cab. In addition, reference numeral 7 in FIG. 1 denotes a front pillar, and 8 denotes a windshield provided in a front part of a vehicle compartment.

A plurality of floor frames 9 extending substantially in the front-rear direction of the cab 1 are arranged below the floor panel 4 as shown by solid lines in FIG. A pair of floor frames 9 are provided substantially symmetrically with respect to the center CL of W. FIG.
As shown by a solid line, a rear cross member 14 extending in the width direction of the cab 1 is provided at the rear end of the floor frame 9.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, which is a perspective view of a portion indicated by an arrow III in FIG. 1 as viewed from obliquely below the cab 1, each floor frame 9 has a bottom wall 10 and a cab width of the bottom wall 10. A pair of side walls 1 rising upward from each side edge in the direction W
1 and a pair of flanges 12 protruding outward in the horizontal direction from the upper edge of each side wall 11.
0, both side walls 11 and both flanges 12 extend integrally and substantially in the front-rear direction. These flanges 12 are fixed to the lower surface of the floor panel 4 by spot welding. The mark x in FIG. 3 schematically shows a dent of spot welding, and the same applies to FIGS. 5 to 10.

As shown in FIG. 3, the rear cross member 14 also includes a bottom wall 15, a pair of side walls 16 rising upward from each side edge of the bottom wall 15 in the cab front-rear direction, and each side wall 1
6 is formed by flanges 17 projecting horizontally from the upper edge of the cab in the front-rear direction of the cab.
5, both side walls 16 and both flanges 17 integrally extend in the cab width direction W, and each flange 17 is fixed to the lower surface of the floor panel 4 by spot welding. At this time, the rear edge 19 of the floor panel 4 is sandwiched between the rear flange 17 of the rear cross member 14 and the lower flange 18 of the back panel 5, and these are integrally fixed by spot welding. Such a rear cross member 14
The rear end of each floor frame 9 is fixed by spot welding.

The above-mentioned floor panel 4, back panel 5,
The floor frame 9, the rear cross member 14, the other panels 2, 3, 6, and the front pillar 7 are made of a high-strength material such as a steel plate. The floor frame 9 and the rear cross member 14 of the cab 1 configured as described above are supported by the chassis frame 13 via an intermediate member (not shown), whereby the cab 1 is mounted on the chassis frame 13. A carrier (not shown) is supported on a chassis frame portion behind the cab 1.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the floor panel 4 shown in FIG. 1 taken out. The driver seat and the assistant shown in FIG. 1 are provided on each seat support surface 4A of the floor panel 4 shown in these figures. Each seat 111 of the seat is supported via each leg stand 112. The floor panel 4 has a central portion 4B in the cab width direction projecting upward, and an engine mounted on the chassis frame 13 is located below the central portion 4B. The rear portion 4C of the floor panel 4 is also higher than each seat support surface 4A.

As described above, in the cab structure of the cab-over type truck of the present embodiment, the floor frame 9 extending substantially in the front-rear direction of the cab 1 is fixed to the lower surface of the floor panel 4 constituting the floor of the passenger compartment. This increases the stiffness and strength of the cab 1.

Here, for example, when a large external force P is applied to the cab-over type truck shown in FIG. 1 from the front (or rear) thereof, it is necessary to keep the amount of permanent deformation of the cab 1 as small as possible. For this reason, as described above, a bead or notch is formed in the floor frame portion and the floor panel portion at the rear of the cab, and when an external force in the front-rear direction is applied to the cab, the bead or the notch is used as a trigger. A cab structure has been proposed in which a floor frame portion and a floor panel portion at the rear of the cab are permanently deformed to absorb impact energy. However, according to the conventional configuration, when a large external force is applied to the cab, the floor frame portion and the floor panel portion are permanently deformed so as to be bent, so that a large energy absorption efficiency cannot be obtained.

Therefore, in the cab structure of the cab-over type truck of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 5 and 6, each floor frame 9 is divided into a plurality in the front-rear direction of the cab 1. It has a front frame 20 located on the front side and a rear frame 21 located on the rear side.
Are fixed to each other by welding. In the illustrated example, each floor frame 9 is divided into two parts, and the rear part 28 of the front frame 20 is
9 are fitted to each other in a state where they overlap with each other,
And the rear portion 28 are fixed to each other by spot welding, as indicated by the crosses marked with S in FIGS. 5 and 6.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the rear frame 21
Is located in the cab portion behind the region provided with.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a front pipe 22 and a rear pipe 23 extending substantially in the front-rear direction of the cab 1 are fixedly supported on the front frame 20 and the rear frame 21, respectively. 26 and a front portion 27 of the rear pipe 23 are slidably fitted to each other in the longitudinal direction of the pipes 22 and 23. That is, the front pipe 22 and the rear pipe 23 are accommodated in a space defined by the bottom wall 10 and the side walls 11, 11 of the front frame 20 and the rear frame 21.
6 are fixed to the front bracket 30 and the intermediate bracket 32 fixed to the front frame 20 by welding, respectively, by arc welding, and the rear part 25 of the rear pipe 23 is fixed to the rear bracket 31 fixed to the rear frame 21 by welding. Fixed by welding. The inner diameter of the front pipe 22 is
The front part 27 of the rear pipe 23 is slidably fitted inside the rear part 26 of the front pipe 22. The front pipe 22 and the rear pipe 23 are provided in the cab portion behind the area where the seat 111 shown in FIG. 1 is provided, and the front pipe 22, the rear pipe 23 and the brackets 30,
31 and 32 are made of a high-strength material such as a steel plate.

Here, as shown by an arrow P in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, when a large external force is applied from the front of the cab 1, the external force P is applied to the floor frame 9 extending substantially in the front-rear direction of the cab 1. And the floor panel 4 acts as a load for compressing them in the front-rear direction of the cab. As a result, the floor panel 4 and the floor frame 9 are permanently deformed as shown in FIG. At this time, the front pipe 22 and the rear pipe 23 move toward each other while sliding relative to each other, the rear bracket 31 approaches the intermediate bracket 32, and the space between the two brackets 31, 32 is reduced. For this reason, the floor panel portion and the floor frame portion A corresponding to the region between the rear bracket 31 and the intermediate bracket 32 are permanently deformed into a state in which the cab is crushed in the front-rear direction. That is, the floor frame 9
Is compressed and deformed only in the vertical direction of the floor frame 9 (the front and rear direction of the cab) while being guided by the relative movement of the front pipe 22 and the rear pipe 23 in the front and rear direction of the cab. The floor panel 4 fixed by the above is also permanently deformed into a state of being crushed in the front-back direction of the cab. The floor frame 9 and the floor panel 4 are fixed to each other by spot welding at an interval. When the floor panel portion and the floor frame portion between the spot welds buckle in a V-shape, and the bellows is closed. It is permanently transformed like

When the external force P is larger, the fixing portion between the front frame 20 and the rear frame 21, that is, the spot welded portion S is peeled off, and the rear frame 21 is larger toward the front side relative to the front frame 20. The two frames 20 and 21 move so as to be greatly overlapped with each other.
Further compressively deforms into a state of being crushed only in the front-back direction.

As described above, the floor frame 9 and the floor panel 4 are crushed and deformed only in the front-rear direction of the cab, and are not deformed so as to be bent. Therefore, during this deformation, energy can be efficiently absorbed and the cab 1
Can be efficiently suppressed in the total amount of permanent deformation.
When the external force P applied to the cab 1 is particularly large, the welded portion S peels off and the rear frame 21 largely moves forward relative to the front frame 20, but with this relative movement. The floor frame 9 and the floor panel 4 are largely permanently deformed in a state of being crushed only in the front-rear direction, and this deformation allows energy to be efficiently absorbed. Moreover, when the front pipe 22 and the rear pipe 23 relatively move in a direction approaching each other,
A large frictional force acts between these pipes 22 and 23, which functions as a damper, which can also enhance the energy absorbing effect.

The portion where the floor panel 4 and the floor frame 9 are permanently deformed is the area where the front pipe 22 and the rear pipe 23 are provided. Therefore, even if this portion is permanently deformed, the space occupied by the occupant seated on the seat 111 is occupied. Is not narrowed.

The front pipe 22 and the rear pipe 23 shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 have substantially constant outer diameters over their entire length. On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the diameter of the front pipe 22 is formed to be constant, but the outer diameter of the rear pipe 23 is
The rear pipe 23 is formed so as to be gradually smaller from 5 toward the front part 27, and the rear pipe 23 is tapered. Other configurations are the same as those shown in FIGS.

Also in the cab structure of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, when a large external force is applied to the cab from the front or the rear, the front pipe 22 and the rear pipe 23
Move relative to each other in a direction approaching each other, and the floor frame 9
And the floor panel 4 is permanently deformed in the same manner as described above. At this time, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, since the outer diameter of the rear pipe 23 gradually increases toward the rear portion 25, As the relative movement of 22, 22 progresses, the frictional force acting between the two gradually increases. As a result, the impact energy can be more efficiently absorbed, and the entire permanent deformation amount of the cab 1 can be more reliably reduced.

Even if the outer diameter of the rear pipe 23 is made constant along its longitudinal direction, and instead the inner diameter of the front pipe 22 is gradually reduced from the rear part 26 to the front part 24, the same applies as described above. The effect can be achieved.
Further, the same applies when the outer diameter of the rear pipe 23 is gradually increased from the front part 27 to the rear part 25 and the inner diameter of the front pipe 22 is gradually reduced from the rear part 26 to the front part 24. .

In short, when a front pipe 22 and a rear pipe 23 relatively move in a direction approaching each other by applying an external force in the front-rear direction to the cab, a frictional force acting between the two pipes 22 and 23 gradually increases. If the cab structure is configured so that the diameter of at least a part of at least one of the front pipe 22 and the rear pipe 23 gradually increases in the longitudinal direction, the above-described operation and effect can be obtained.

FIG. 9 shows an example in which a shock absorber 33 extending substantially in the front-rear direction of the cab 1 (FIG. 1) is used instead of the front pipe and the rear pipe in the embodiment described above. The shock absorber 33 shown here is, as is well known per se, a cylinder 34, a piston (not shown) disposed inside the cylinder 34 and sliding in the axial direction of the cylinder 34, and a piston fixed to the piston. A working fluid such as oil or air is sealed in the cylinder, and a small hole (not shown) is formed in the piston. The cylinder 34, the piston and the piston rod 35 are also made of a high-strength material.

The front part 124 and the rear part 126 of the cylinder 34
Is fixedly supported on the front frame 20 through the front bracket 30 and the intermediate bracket 32, respectively, similarly to the front pipe 22 described above, and the rear portion 125 of the piston rod 35 is connected to the rear bracket 23 similarly to the above-described rear pipe 23. It is fixedly supported by the rear frame 21 via the base 31. Cylinder 34 and piston rod 35
Is also provided in the cab portion behind the area where the seat 111 (FIG. 1) is provided. Other configurations are the same as those of the cab structure shown in FIGS.

Also in this embodiment, when a large external force is applied to the cab in the front-rear direction, the cab shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 0, when the floor frame 9 and the portion A of the floor panel 4 behind the seat 111 (FIG. 1) are permanently deformed so as to be crushed in the front-rear direction, and when the external force is particularly large, the spot welding portion S The rear frame 21 is relatively largely moved in a direction in which the rear frame 21 approaches the front frame 20. At this time, the floor frame 9 and the floor panel 4
Is permanently deformed so as to be greatly crushed in the front and rear direction,
Energy can be efficiently absorbed by these deformations. At this time, in the example shown in FIGS. 9 and 10,
Furthermore, since the piston in the cylinder 34 slides and the piston rod 35 operates in a direction to enter the cylinder 34, energy can be efficiently absorbed also by this. In this way, the amount of permanent deformation of the entire cab can be effectively kept small.

The rear portion of the cylinder 34 is fixedly supported on the rear frame 21, and the piston rod 35 is connected to the front frame 2.
Even if it is fixedly supported at 0, the above-described effects can be obtained. In short, one of the cylinder 34 and the piston rod 35 constituting the shock absorber 33 extending substantially in the front-rear direction of the cab is fixedly supported on the front frame 20, and the cylinder 34 and the piston rod 35 are fixed on the rear frame 21. By fixedly supporting the other of
The above-described effects can be obtained.

In each of the configurations described above, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the rear area of the floor panel 4, in particular FIG.
When a plurality of beads 36 extending substantially in the width direction of the cab and arranged in the front-rear direction of the cab are formed in a floor panel portion behind the region where the seat 111 shown in FIG. On the other hand, when an external force in the front-rear direction is applied, as shown in FIG.
As a result, the floor panel 4 is actively crushed and deformed, so that the energy absorption efficiency can be further increased, and the amount of permanent deformation of the entire cab can be effectively suppressed. The bead 36 is desirably formed over the entire width of the floor panel 4, but the effect described above can be obtained even if it is formed only on a part thereof. By providing such beads 36, the stiffness of the cab can be increased.

In each of the above embodiments, the floor frame 9 is divided into two parts in the front-rear direction of the cab.
Alternatively, a shock absorber 33 may be provided.

The present invention can be widely applied to a cab structure in various types of cab-over type trucks other than the truck shown in FIG.

[0037]

According to the cab structure of the first aspect,
When a large external force is applied to the cab from its front-back direction, the floor frame and floor panel are compressed and permanently deformed so that they are substantially collapsed only in the front-back direction of the cab, effectively absorbing the energy of the external force. As a result, the total amount of permanent deformation of the cab can be reduced. Also, when the external force is particularly large, the welded portion for fixing the front frame and the rear frame is disengaged, and the rear frame moves relatively closer to the front frame, thereby further moving the floor frame and the floor panel back and forth. Since it is permanently deformed so as to be crushed in the direction, energy can be more efficiently absorbed.

According to the cab structure of the second aspect, in addition to the energy absorption due to the permanent deformation of the floor frame and the floor panel, the frictional force between the two pipes increases with the progress of the relative movement between the front pipe and the rear pipe. Energy can be absorbed, and the amount of permanent deformation of the cab can be further reduced.

According to the cab structure of the third aspect, in addition to the energy absorption by the permanent deformation of the floor frame and the floor panel, the energy can be efficiently absorbed by the shock absorber, and the amount of the permanent deformation of the cab is further reduced. be able to.

According to the cab structure of the fourth aspect, when an external force is applied to the cab in the front-rear direction, the rear portion of the floor panel is positively permanently deformed by the bead, so that energy is absorbed. Efficiency can be further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a cab of a cab-over type truck.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view in which the outlines of the cab and chassis frame shown in FIG. 1 are represented by chain lines, and only some of the elements are represented by solid lines.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a portion indicated by an arrow III in FIG. 1 as viewed obliquely from below the cab.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a floor panel.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a floor frame.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view when the floor frame and the floor panel shown in FIG. 4 are permanently deformed.

FIG. 8 shows an example using a tapered rear pipe, FIG.
It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view similar to.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to FIG. 5, showing an example using a shock absorber.

10 is a longitudinal sectional view when the floor frame and the floor panel shown in FIG. 9 are permanently deformed.

FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view showing a floor panel in which a plurality of beads are formed at a rear portion.

12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the floor panel shown in FIG. 11 is permanently deformed by a bead.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 cab 4 floor panel 9 floor frame 20 front frame 21 rear frame 22 front pipe 23 rear pipe 26 rear part 27 front part 28 rear part 29 front part 33 shock absorber 34 cylinder 35 piston rod 36 bead P external force W width direction

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A cab structure of a cab-over-type truck in which a floor frame extending substantially in a front-rear direction of a cab is fixed to a lower surface of a floor panel constituting a floor surface of a vehicle cabin, wherein the floor frame is arranged in front and rear of the cab. A front frame located on the front side and a rear frame located on the rear side, a rear portion of the front frame and a front portion of the rear frame are fixed to each other by welding, and the front frame and the rear A front pipe and a rear pipe extending substantially in the front-rear direction of the cab are fixedly supported on each of the frames, and a rear part of the front pipe and a front part of the rear pipe are slidably fitted to each other in the longitudinal direction of these pipes. The cab structure of the cab-over type truck which is the feature. 2. When a front pipe and a rear pipe move relative to each other by applying an external force in the front-rear direction to the cab, a friction force acting between the front pipe and the rear pipe gradually increases. The cab structure of a cab-over type truck according to claim 1, wherein a diameter of at least a part of at least one of the rear pipes gradually changes in a longitudinal direction thereof. 3. A cab structure of a cab-over-type truck in which a floor frame extending substantially in a front-rear direction of a cab is fixed to a lower surface of a floor panel constituting a floor surface of a vehicle cabin, A front frame and a rear frame located on the front side, and a rear portion of the front frame and a front portion of the rear frame are fixed to each other by welding, and the front frame is One of a cylinder and a piston rod constituting a shock absorber extending substantially in the front-back direction of the cab is fixedly supported, and the other of the cylinder and the piston rod is fixedly supported on a rear frame. Cab over type cab structure. 4. The cab-over type truck according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of beads extending substantially in the width direction of the cab and arranged in the front-rear direction are formed in a rear region of the floor panel. Cab structure.