JPH11153211A - Reduction gear for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an elevator of favorable ride feeling in which vibration by backlash is reduced. SOLUTION: A counter gear engaged with a gear 4 is trisected in an axial direction, and it is composed of a main gear 1 rigidly jointed with a gear shaft in a rotation direction to transmit most part of load, and shock absorbing gears 2, 3 rotatably provided coaxially with the main gear 1. The shock absorbing gear 2 is held at a phase-deflected position to the main gear 1 by a spring element provided on the main gear 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hoist for an elevator system, and more particularly to a method for constructing a hoist suitable for improving the riding comfort of an elevator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an elevator hoisting machine using a parallel shaft gear reducer such as a helical gear, a shift from an acceleration stroke of a car to a constant speed stroke or from a constant speed stroke to a deceleration stroke is performed. However, the vibration generated due to the backlash of the gear has been a problem. FIG. 3 shows a change in the speed of the car when the hoist hoists the car.

[0003] In the acceleration stroke (1), the driving gear uses the tooth surface of A to drive the mating gear, but when the acceleration stroke ends and shifts to the constant speed stroke (3). When the transmission load decreases, the state becomes almost no-load, and the tooth surface may be separated (2). At this time, the driven gear freely vibrates at intervals of the tooth backlash and collides with the tooth surface A or B. The vibration generated at this time excites the car through the rope, and deteriorates the riding comfort. When the rotation speed of the electric motor is reduced to shift from the constant speed stroke to the deceleration stroke (5), the driven gear collides with the tooth surface B due to inertia (4), and the generated vibration causes the ride comfort. Gets worse.

[0004] Since these vibrations increase as the backlash increases, conventionally, the backlash is designed to be smaller than usual or the so-called 2: 1 roping, in which the car is supported by a moving pulley, is used to reduce the vibration displacement of the car. Was to respond.

Although there is no application to an elevator speed reducer, a so-called scissors gear disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-223368 has been developed for the purpose of reducing the vibration caused by tooth surface separation. Have been. this is,
The teeth of the gear are divided into two in the direction of the teeth, one of the teeth is rigidly connected to the gear shaft, and the other tooth is shifted in phase to the non-load surface side and held by a spring. It is a mechanism to suppress separation. In this case, the teeth on the side rigidly joined to the shaft share the transmitted load.

[0006]

However, a certain amount of backlash is required for absorbing elastic deformation due to thermal expansion and load, various errors, and the like, and the value is proportional to the size of the gear. Is an obstacle to increasing the capacity of a hoist using a gear reducer. Also, in the case of 2: 1 roping, there is a problem in that noise generated by a moving pulley immediately above the car and an increase in material cost and construction cost for a doubling rope length are required.

On the other hand, in the scissors gear described above, when the load transmission direction is reversed, the phases of the two divided teeth become the same as shown in FIG. 4, and the effect of suppressing the tooth surface separation is lost. For this reason, it cannot be used for an elevator hoist that rotates in both forward and reverse directions.

[0008] It is an object of the present invention to provide an elevator having a comfortable ride with reduced vibration due to backlash.

[0009]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a spring element is provided for holding both tooth surfaces of a tooth at a position separated from a mating tooth surface when no load is applied. Thereby, even when the hoist rotates in either the forward or reverse direction, the gear is prevented from freely vibrating at the backlash interval, and the vibration is reduced.

According to the present invention, the vibration due to the backlash is reduced, so that the roping can be made 1: 1. Further, since a larger backlash is allowed, a large-capacity parallel shaft gear reducer can be used as a hoist.

[0011]

[First Embodiment] FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a speed reducer according to the present invention. A mating gear that meshes with the gear 4 is divided into three in the axial direction, is rigidly joined to the gear shaft 5 in the rotational direction, and transmits the majority of the load, and is rotatable coaxially with the main gear. , And the shock absorber gears 2 and 3 provided in the main body. The buffer gear 2 is out of phase with the main gear by the spring elements 8 and 9 in the grooves 7 and 8 provided on the main gear pushing the push plates 10 and 11 provided integrally with the buffer gear 2. Is held in the position. However, the phase difference between the main gear and the buffer gear 2 is limited to a certain amount or less by the push plate. The configuration of the buffer gear 3 is the same as that of the buffer gear 2, but is maintained in a phase opposite to that of the buffer gear 2 across the main gear.

According to the above configuration, when no load is applied, the tooth surfaces of the buffer gears 2 and 3 are in contact with the tooth surfaces of the mating gear, and both the left and right tooth surfaces of the main gear are separated from the mating tooth surface. Held in position. At the time of load transmission, first, the buffer gear that protrudes toward the load tooth surface of the main gear shares the load, and the phase of the buffer gear and the main gear becomes the same due to the elastic deformation of the spring element that biases the buffer gear. At this point, the main gear shares the load. When the transmitted load decreases and the load becomes almost unloaded, the tooth surface of the main gear separates from the tooth surface of the mating gear, but before the anti-load surface of the main gear collides with the mating tooth surface, The tooth surfaces of the protruding shock-absorbing gear share the load and reduce the impact at the time of collision. With this structure, free vibration at the time of no load can be suppressed, and riding comfort can be improved.

For transmitting large power, the main gear 1 is preferably made of, for example, surface-hardened steel. On the other hand, the shock absorbing gears 2 and 3 may be made of steel, but since they bear a small load, they are preferably made of a resin such as polyacetal, for example, in order to further enhance the shock absorbing effect. A damping effect can be imparted to the spring elements 8 and 9 to further enhance the vibration damping effect.

[Embodiment 2] FIGS. 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the speed reducer according to the present invention. The main gear 1 is rigidly joined to the gear shaft 5 in the rotation direction, and a buffer gear 12 is fixed coaxially with the main gear by a fixing bolt 13.
The shock absorbing gear is formed of an elastic body and has a tooth thickness larger than that of the main gear, and the difference between the two tooth thicknesses is substantially equal to the backlash. The configuration of the mating gear is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.

According to the above configuration, when no load is applied, the tooth surface of the buffer gear is in contact with the tooth surface of the mating gear, and the left and right tooth surfaces of the main gear are held at positions separated from the mating tooth surface. Have been. At the time of load transmission, first, the buffer gear shares the load, and the main gear shares the load when the tooth surface, which is an elastic body, is deformed and the tooth surface of the main gear contacts the mating tooth surface. When the transmitted load decreases and the load becomes nearly unloaded, the tooth surface of the main gear separates from the mating tooth surface, but before the non-load surface side of the main gear collides with the mating tooth surface, the tooth surface of the buffer gear Share the load and reduce the impact at the time of collision. With this structure, free vibration at the time of no load can be suppressed, and riding comfort can be improved.

The main gear is preferably formed of a high-strength material such as hardened steel, and the buffer gear is preferably formed of a material having a large damping and a small Young's modulus, such as a hard rubber.
A rivet, an adhesive, or the like may be used for fixing the buffer gear. The buffer gear has improved bending strength by casting a composite material, for example, steel with hard rubber. In addition, the wear life can be extended by modifying the tooth profile of the tooth root with large slip.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the speed reducer according to the present invention. The main gear 1 is rigidly joined to the gear shaft 5 in the rotational direction, and a cylindrical rim 18 is provided on the side surface of the main gear concentrically with the main gear. A spring element 16 and an arm 15 are inserted into a guide hole 17 formed in the rim, and a roller 14 formed of an elastic body is provided at the end of the arm. The arm is urged by a spring element so that the roller comes into contact with the mating tooth surface in the tooth space of the mating gear, but the protrusion amount is limited to a certain value or less. The configuration of the mating gear is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.

According to the above configuration, when no load is applied, the roller is in contact with the tooth surface of the mating gear, and the left and right tooth surfaces of the main gear are held at positions separated from the mating tooth surface. By the same operation as in the second embodiment, the free vibration at the time of no load can be suppressed, and the riding comfort can be improved.

[0019]

According to the present invention, since the vibration due to the backlash is reduced, an elevator having a comfortable ride is provided. Further, according to the present invention, a low-noise and low-cost elevator is provided by making roping 1: 1. Further, according to the present invention, since a larger backlash is allowed, a large-capacity and comfortable-to-ride elevator using a parallel shaft gear reducer is provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a first embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the first embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a change in a car speed of an elevator.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the behavior of a scissors gear.

FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional view of a second embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a second embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view of a third embodiment according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... main gear, 2, 3, 12 ... buffer gear, 4 ... mating gear,
5 gear shaft, 6, 7 groove, 8, 9, 16 ... spring element, 1
0, 11: push plate, 13: fixing bolt, 14: roller,
15 ... arm, 17 ... guide hole, 18 ... rim.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Ichiro Nakamura 1070 Ma, Hitachinaka-shi, Ibaraki Mito Plant, Hitachi, Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] In a speed reducer provided with a gear pair consisting of a drive gear and a driven gear, when no load is applied, both left and right tooth surfaces of one gear are held at positions separated from the tooth surface of the other gear. An elevator speed reducer having a spring element. 2. A gear pair comprising a driving gear and a driven gear, and one of the gears is divided into three in the axial direction, and any two of the three divided teeth are moved in opposite directions. ,
An elevator speed reducer having a spring element for holding the phase shift position. 3. A speed reducer having a gear pair consisting of a driving gear and a driven gear, wherein at least one of the gears abuts on both tooth surfaces of the mating gear and a tooth groove of the mating gear, and An elevator speed reducer comprising an elastic body for limiting displacement in a rotational direction. 4. A speed reducer having a gear pair consisting of a drive gear and a driven gear, wherein at least one of the gears is divided into a plurality in the axial direction, and one of the gears is
An elevator speed reducer having a smaller tooth thickness than other gears.