JPH11123602A - Lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely remove and recover chips. SOLUTION: Vacuum pipes 44, 45, 46 are mounted on tool holders 24, 25, 26 such that they surround tools 34, 35, 36 for cutting a disc 23 held by a chuck 21. The tips of the tools 34, 35, 36 protrude a predetermined length from the openings 46a of the vacuum pipes 44, 45, 46. When a workpiece is cut, the openings of the vacuum pipes 44, 45, 46 are brought near to the disc 23 to make a predetermined gap between them. The vacuum pipes 44, 45, 46 are connected to a vacuum pump 27 to absorb out chips from the openings 46a thereof.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lathe for holding and processing a donut-shaped workpiece.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 12, a lathe for holding and processing a donut-shaped workpiece holds a donut-shaped disk 3 made of aluminum or the like on a vacuum chuck 2 attached to the tip of a spindle (not shown). And a cutting tool (end face tool) 4, a cutting tool (inner diameter tool) 5 for processing the inner peripheral surface of the hole, and a cutting tool (external tool) 6 for processing the outer peripheral surface of the disc connected to a feed mechanism (not shown). A predetermined portion is cut. Conventionally, the inside diameter and the outside diameter of a workpiece are processed by a lathe, and the end face is processed by a primary grind using a rough grinder, followed by a secondary polishing with a soft grindstone to finish the final product. However, in recent years, with the improvement of the cutting accuracy of the lathe, it has become possible to perform the primary polishing with the lathe instead of the rough grinder. However, when processing with a lathe, chips are generated along with the cutting, and if the chips adhere to the workpiece and are processed, the precision is greatly affected. For example,
FIG. 13 (A) shown as an example is an enlarged cross-sectional view exaggeratingly showing a state in which chips c have invaded between the vacuum chuck 2 and the disk 3, and as shown in FIG. 13 (A), In the disk 3, the processing surface 3a of the portion where the cuttings c adhere is protruded.
For this reason, as shown in FIG. 13B, in the processed disk 3 ′, a portion 3 a ′ corresponding to the protruding portion 3 a is deeply processed, and the chips c are eliminated in order to improve accuracy. Is an issue. In addition, there is another occurrence of a defect considered to be caused by the behavior of the chips. Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 12, suction nozzles 4a connected to an external air negative pressure source (not shown)
5a and 6a are provided so as to suck chips c generated during processing.

[0003]

However, in the conventional lathe having the above structure, the suction nozzles 4a, 5a, 6a
Since the chips are sucked by the swarf, even if the chips scattered in the flow of the suction air among the scattered chips can be sucked, the chips remain in a place other than the air suction area. As a result, there is a problem that processing accuracy is adversely affected.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages, and has as its object to provide a lathe capable of reliably improving machining accuracy with a simple configuration.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A lathe according to the present invention is mounted on a main shaft rotatably supported and connected to rotary driving means, and holds a chuck for holding a workpiece, and a chuck connected to a bite feed mechanism and connected to a chuck. In a lathe equipped with a cutting tool for cutting a held work piece and a chip removal mechanism for removing chips generated during the processing from the work piece, the chip removal mechanism feeds the cutting tool around the cutting tool. A cylindrical member attached to the mechanism side and projecting a tip of the cutting tool from the opening portion by a predetermined length, and a cylindrical member which is brought close to a position where the opening secures a predetermined gap with respect to the workpiece during processing, And a suction device that connects to an external air negative pressure source and suctions chips generated during processing from the opening of the cylindrical member.

[0006] In the lathe according to the present invention, the cylindrical member is attached to the side of the tool feeding mechanism surrounding the tool, and the tip of the tool is projected from the opening by a predetermined length. When the suction device is operated, air flows from the outside to the inside of the tubular member between the workpiece and the opening, and chips generated by cutting are generated. No matter which direction is scattered from the cutting edge of the cutting tool, it is immediately caught by the flow of air and sucked toward the inside of the cylindrical member, so that the chips are reliably collected and the chips adhere to the workpiece. Nothing.

Further, the lathe according to the present invention is mounted on a main shaft rotatably supported and connected to a rotation driving means,
A chuck for holding the workpiece, a cutting tool connected to the tool feed mechanism for cutting the workpiece held by the chuck, and a chip removing mechanism for removing chips generated during processing from the workpiece. In a lathe equipped with a chip removal mechanism,
The tool is attached to the tool feed mechanism side surrounding the tool, and the tool tip is arranged on the same plane as the opening or retreated inward from the opening, so that the opening has a predetermined gap with respect to the workpiece during processing. And a suction device that connects the cylindrical member to an external air negative pressure source and sucks chips generated during processing from the opening of the cylindrical member. It is.

In the lathe according to the present invention, the cylindrical member is mounted on the side of the tool feeding mechanism surrounding the tool, and the tip of the tool is disposed on the same plane as the opening or inward from the opening to be disposed. Since the opening is brought close to a position for securing a predetermined gap with respect to the workpiece, even if the processing surface of the workpiece is a three-dimensional surface, the opening forms a predetermined gap with respect to the workpiece. When the suction device is operated, air flows from the outside to the inside of the cylindrical member between the workpiece and the opening, and chips generated by cutting are removed from the cutting edge of the cutting tool. Even if it is attempted to fly in the direction, it is immediately caught by the flow of air and is sucked toward the inside of the tubular member, whereby the chips are reliably collected, and the chips do not adhere to the workpiece.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view showing a main part of a lathe according to one embodiment of the present invention. Lathe 2 according to one embodiment of the present invention
In FIG. 1, a vacuum chuck 21 is attached to the tip of a spindle (not shown) as shown in FIG. The vacuum chuck 21 is connected to an external vacuum circuit (not shown) via a passage 22 formed inside (see FIG. 11). Vacuum chuck 21
Is adapted to adsorb the positioned workpiece M by vacuum. The lathe 20 has a bite feed mechanism (not shown). The bite feed mechanism includes a bite for plane machining (hereinafter referred to as an end bit) 34, a bite for processing an inner peripheral surface of a hole (hereinafter referred to as an inner diameter bit) 35, and an outer peripheral surface of a disk through bite holders 24, 25 and 26. A machining bit (hereinafter referred to as an outer diameter bit) 36 is attached to each.
In this embodiment, a donut-shaped disk 23 made of aluminum or the like is used as a workpiece. Each byte 34, 35, 36
Is sent out to the disk 23 side by a feed mechanism (not shown), the end face bite 34 holds the upper surface of the disk 23 held and rotated by the vacuum chuck 21, and the inner diameter bite 35 holds the inner surface of the central hole of the disk 23. The outer diameter bite 36 cuts the outer peripheral surface of the disk 23, respectively. When processing of one side of the disk 23 is completed, the disk 23 is turned over and the back side is also processed.

As shown in FIG. 1, the lathe 20 has a vacuum pipe (cylindrical member) 44 surrounding each cutting tool 34, 35, 36 and having an air passage formed therein.
45 and 46 are provided respectively. Vacuum pipe 4
4, 45, and 46 are each a tool holder 2 using bolts.
4, 25, 26, the tool holder 24, 2
It is designed to move together with 5, 26. The vacuum pipes 44, 45 and 46 are connected to the dust collector 2 by the communication pipe 29.
8 is connected to a vacuum pump 27 as an air negative pressure source. The suction device includes the communication pipe 29, the dust collector 28, and the vacuum pump 27. Vacuum pipe 4 for accommodating end face bite 34 and inner diameter bite 35 among vacuum pipes 44, 45 and 46, respectively.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, lids 44a and 45a are attached to openings 4 and 45 (see FIGS. 2 and 5), respectively.

Holes 44b, 45b are formed in the lids 44a, 45a.
Each of the holes 44b and 45b has a predetermined length L according to a machining program.
So that the _1, L ₂ project. Bytes 34, 35
Are arranged at predetermined positions of the holes 44b and 45b, and the position is such that the area of the opening is larger in the direction in which the chips are easily generated (see FIGS. 3, 4 and 4). Larger areas E _4B , E _5B and smaller areas E _4N , E _{5N in} FIG. 6). The space between the vacuum pipes 44 and 45 and the cutting tools 34 and 35 is filled with a sealing member 38 made of clay so as to prevent air from flowing from a place other than the opening. The lids 44a and 45a can be selectively attached with different thicknesses in accordance with a processing program, and the gap at the time of processing with the disk 23 is adjusted. Disk 23, lids 44a, 45
The gap at the time of machining with a is determined according to the machining program. Although not specifically shown, each byte 34,
In order to prevent the swarf from being entangled with the outer periphery of the pipes 35 and 36, a clay entanglement preventing material is secured in a predetermined shape while securing an air passage.

The L-shaped vacuum pipe 46 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the opening side is attached to the bite holder 26 in the lateral direction so that the opening 46 a faces the outer peripheral surface of the disk 23 held by the vacuum chuck 21, and the other bent side is upward. And connected to the vacuum pump 27. The vacuum pipe 46 has an opening 46a.
The outer diameter cutting tool 36 is formed from the slit 46b formed on the upper side.
Is housed inside. From the opening 46a has a cutting edge of the outer diameter of tool 36 is protruded a predetermined length L ₃ minutes. The outer diameter cutting tool 36 and the vacuum pipe 46 are provided in the slit 46b.
A seal member (not shown) is attached between the first and second members to prevent air from flowing from a place other than the opening 46a. As shown in FIG. 1, an external air supply source (not shown) is provided near the opening 46a of the vacuum pipe 46.
Is provided with an air ejection nozzle 47 connected to the air jet nozzle. When air is supplied from an air delivery source (not shown), the air ejection nozzle 47 ejects air toward the cutting edge of the outer diameter cutting tool 36, and guides the air between the opening 46 a of the vacuum pipe 46 and the air. Is caused to occur. For this reason, even if there is no lid, the swarf generated and scattered by the cutting of the outer diameter cutting tool 36 is reliably caught and the vacuum pipe 46
It is designed to be sucked inside. In the present embodiment, the air ejection nozzle 47 is provided at one place, but is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that a plurality of air ejection nozzles 47 may be provided around the opening 46a. FIGS. 9A, 9B, and 10 show a modified example of a vacuum pipe accommodating an outer diameter bite therein, which shows a cylindrical shape having no bent portion.

Next, the operation of the lathe 20 according to the above embodiment will be described. The disk 23 is positioned and held on the vacuum chuck 21, and when the disk 23 is rotated by the main spindle, the respective tools 34, 35, 36 are fed to predetermined positions by the tool feed mechanism based on a predetermined machining program. Then, cutting is performed. At this time, the tool holder 2
Vacuum pipes 44, 45 attached to 4, 25
Is held at a position where a predetermined gap is secured between the lower surfaces of the lids 44a and 45a and the disk 23, that is, at a position where a strong flow of air is generated from the outside toward the holes 44b and 45b through the narrow gap. Is done. In addition, tool holder 2
The vacuum pipe 46 attached to the opening 6 has an opening 4
6a is opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the disk 23 and is held at a predetermined distance from the outer peripheral surface.

The vacuum pump 2 is synchronized with the cutting process.
7 and an air supply source (not shown) are operated, chips generated from the cutting edge of the end face cutting tool 34 and the inner diameter cutting tool 35 for cutting the disk 23 are supplied from outside to the vacuum pipes 44, 4.
5 is captured by the flow of air flowing toward the holes 44b, 45b, and is collected by the dust collector 28 via the vacuum pipes 44, 45. Chips generated from the cutting edge of the outer diameter cutting tool 36 for cutting the outer periphery of the disk 23 are blown out from the air ejection nozzle 47 toward the cutting edge of the outer diameter cutting tool 36, so that the vacuum pipe is 4
6 is trapped by the guide flow of the air flowing toward the opening 46 a of the dust collector 28, and passes through the vacuum pipe 46 to the dust collector 28.
Will be collected. Thus, in the lathe 20 according to the present embodiment, the vacuum pipes 44, 45,
Tool holders 24, 25 surrounding 4, 35, 36,
26, the tip of the cutting tool protrudes a predetermined length L ₁ , L ₂ , L ₃ from the opening 44b, 45b, 46a, and the opening 44b, 45b, 46a secures a predetermined gap to the disk 23 during processing. Operating the vacuum pump 27, the disk 23 and the opening 44b,
45b, 46a between the outside and the vacuum pipe 4
The air flow is generated toward the inside of the vacuum pipes 44, 45 and 46, regardless of the direction in which the chips generated by the cutting are scattered in any direction from the cutting edge of the cutting tool. , The chips are reliably collected, and the chips do not adhere to the disk 23. For this reason, the processing accuracy of the disk 23 can be improved.

If the opening of the vacuum pipe 46 does not interfere with the workpiece, the outer diameter cutting tool 36 is set so that the cutting edge at the tip is flush with the opening of the vacuum pipe 46 or inward from the opening. May be arranged to be retracted. By arranging in this way, even if the processing surface is three-dimensional (for example, the outer peripheral portion of the disk 23 in the above embodiment), a part of the workpiece is drawn into the vacuum pipe and sucked. Therefore, the chips can be reliably collected. Further, lids 44a and 45a are attached to the openings of the vacuum pipes 44 and 45, but the present invention is not limited to this. If a flow path through which air flows in is secured, no lid is provided. Is also good. Further, in the above embodiment, the air ejection nozzle 4 is provided near the opening 46a of the vacuum pipe 46 on the outer diameter cutting tool side.
7 is provided, but need not be provided. That is, if the shape of the opening 46a is formed in accordance with the shape of the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece, and if a narrow gap can be secured between the workpiece and the vacuum pipe opening on the outer diameter bite side, cutting is performed. Powder can be reliably captured and recovered. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the workpiece to be processed by the lathe is a disk having a circular hole at the center, but it is not limited to this, and it is needless to say that the workpiece can be held by a rotating chuck. No.

[0016]

As described above, in the lathe according to the present invention, the chip removing mechanism is mounted on the side of the tool feeding mechanism surrounding the tool and the tip of the tool is projected from the opening by a predetermined length, so that the chip is removed during machining. A tubular member whose opening is brought close to a position where a predetermined gap is secured with respect to the workpiece; and a cylindrical member that connects the tubular member and an external air negative pressure source and generates chips generated during processing. No matter what direction the chips generated by cutting are scattered from the cutting edge of the cutting tool, it is immediately caught by the air flow and sucked toward the inside of the cylindrical member. Therefore, the chips are reliably collected, and the processing accuracy of the workpiece can be improved.

In the lathe according to the present invention, the chip removing mechanism is mounted on the side of the tool feeding mechanism surrounding the tool, and the tip of the tool is flush with the opening, or
A cylindrical member which is arranged to be retracted inward from the opening, and which is close to a position where the opening secures a predetermined gap with respect to the workpiece during processing, the cylindrical member and an external air negative pressure source And a suction device for sucking chips generated during processing from the opening of the cylindrical member, so that chips generated by cutting even when the processing portion of the workpiece is a three-dimensional surface can be cut by a cutting tool. No matter which direction you fly from the cutting edge,
Since it is immediately caught by the flow of air and sucked toward the inside of the tubular member, the chips can be reliably collected, and the processing accuracy of the workpiece can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a main part of a lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a vacuum pipe on the side of the end face cutting tool in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the vacuum pipe of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the vacuum pipe of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the vacuum pipe on the inner diameter side of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the vacuum pipe of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a vacuum pipe on the outer diameter cutting tool side in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the vacuum pipe of FIG. 7;

FIGS. 9A and 9B are a plan view and a front view, respectively, showing a modified example of the vacuum pipe on the outer diameter bite side.

FIG. 10 is a side view of the vacuum pipe of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing an air flow of a vacuum pipe of the lathe in FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a conventional chip removing mechanism of a lathe.

13 (A) and (B) are exaggerated explanatory views each showing a state in which cutting chips have intruded during processing, and an exaggerated state after processing of a workpiece processed in a state in which chips have penetrated. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 21 vacuum chuck (chuck) 23 disk (workpiece) 27 vacuum pump (air negative pressure source) 28 communication pipe (suction device) 29 dust collector (suction device) 34, 35, 36 bytes 44, 45, 46 vacuum pipe (cylindrical member) 44b, 45b, protruding length of 46a opening L _1, L _2, L ₃ bytes

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A chuck rotatably supported on a main shaft connected to rotation driving means and holding a work, and a cutting tool connected to a cutting tool feed mechanism for cutting the work held by the chuck. And a lathe equipped with a chip removal mechanism for removing chips generated during processing from the workpiece, the chip removal mechanism is attached to the tool feed mechanism side surrounding the tool, and the tip of the tool from the opening. A predetermined length, and connecting the cylindrical member and an external air negative pressure source with the cylindrical member at which the opening is brought close to a position where a predetermined gap is secured with respect to the workpiece during processing. A lathe comprising: a suction device for sucking chips generated at the time from an opening of the cylindrical member. 2. A lathe is provided with a cutting bit for machining a disk having a circular hole at the center as a workpiece, a cutting bit for machining an inner peripheral surface of a circular hole, and a cutting tool for machining an outer peripheral surface of a circular disk. The lathe according to claim 1, wherein the lathes are respectively attached to a tool holder for holding each tool. 3. A lid formed with a hole having a predetermined opening shape from which a tip of a cutting tool is formed at an opening of each cylindrical member surrounding the cutting tool for processing a flat surface and the cutting tool for processing an inner peripheral surface of a circular hole. The lathe according to claim 2, wherein the lathe is mounted. 4. An air ejection nozzle connected to an external air supply source is provided near an opening of a cylindrical member surrounding a cutting tool for processing an outer peripheral surface of a disk. The lathe according to claim 2, wherein a guide flow of air is generated between the lathe and the nozzle. 5. A chuck attached to a main shaft rotatably supported and connected to rotation driving means for holding a workpiece, and a cutting tool connected to a cutting tool feed mechanism for cutting the workpiece held by the chuck. And a chip removing mechanism for removing chips generated during processing from the workpiece, the chip removing mechanism is mounted on the side of the tool feed mechanism surrounding the tool and the tip of the tool is opened. On the same plane, or, arranged to be retracted inward from the opening, a cylindrical member that is approached to a position where the opening secures a predetermined gap with respect to the workpiece during processing, and the cylindrical member A turning device connected to an external air negative pressure source and a suction device for sucking chips generated during processing from an opening of the cylindrical member.