JPH1088854A - Vibration-isolation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve vibration-isolation performance against an earthquake, and to prevent a wind shake by dividing and setting the natural frequency of a structure to the regions of loaded vibrations. SOLUTION: Friction plates 20 are laminated and sealed into the hollow section of a composite laminate 12 consisting of rigid plates 14 and flexible plates 16, and the vibration-isolation structure 10 is constituted. A hold-down plate 23 is arranged onto the laminate of the friction plates 20. When the horizontal spring constant of the vibration-isolation structure 10 is represented by KH and the mass of a loading by M, 0.1Hz<=fH<=2 holds when natural frequency fH in the horizontal direction of the vibration-isolation structure 10 calculated by fH=(1/2π)(KH/M)<1/2> reaches a vibration input of horizontal amplitude 2mm or less. 0.1<=fH<=0.8Hz holds at the time of the vibration input of horizontal amplitude equal to 100% strain of an elastic body, and natural frequency at the time of return in 10% quantity of shear strain from maximum deformation at a time when the hysteresis loop of the vibration-isolation structure is measured is set in 0.9Hz<=H.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a seismic isolation structure, and more particularly, to a seismic isolation structure which can be suitably applied to a light-duty detached house.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to protect a building from an earthquake, a seismic isolation structure in which a plurality of rigid plates having rigidity such as steel plates and soft plates such as rubber having viscoelastic properties are alternately laminated. The body is used. By supporting the building with this seismic isolation structure, the natural frequency of the building is lengthened, the resonance with seismic waves is prevented, the amplitude is large, but the vibration is slow, and the vibration is added by installing a damper. A method of converging in a short time is generally used. Examples of the dampers to be provided include a metal rigid rod damper, a friction damper, and a viscous damper. Further, a laminated rubber containing lead plug in which lead is sealed in a composite laminate, a high-damping laminated rubber in which the rubber itself has a high damping property, and the like are also used.

[0003] In recent years, in addition to heavy buildings such as high-rise buildings and bridges, there has been a long-awaited desire for seismic isolation of detached houses. However, if a conventional high-load (for building) seismic isolation structure is applied to a lightly loaded seismic isolation structure for a detached house, the diameter of the building is small in order to obtain the desired seismic isolation performance due to the light weight of the building. It is inevitably shaped to be small and taller, very easily buckled, and is not practical.

[0004] In order to obtain a seismic isolation effect suitable for a light load, low elasticity rubber suitable for supporting load is necessary. However, when low elasticity rubber is used, a wind turbulence phenomenon appears due to the low elasticity. There was a problem that. There is also a strong demand for seismic isolation structures applied to detached houses to further remove micro-vibration (traffic vibration).

[0005]

That is, the seismic isolation structure for a detached house has (1) earthquake resistance, (2) wind sway prevention,
(3) It has been desired to satisfy three items of seismic isolation performance of vibration isolation, but a seismic isolation structure that satisfies all conditions is not yet known.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation structure suitable for light loads, such as a detached house, which has seismic isolation performance against an earthquake, wind sway prevention, and vibration isolation. It is in.

[0007]

In the present invention, the natural frequency of the seismic isolation structure is set separately for the area of the vibration to be applied, so that it is effective for all the earthquakes, winds and traffic vibrations. The present inventors have found that a seismic structure can be obtained and completed the present invention.

That is, in the seismic isolation structure of the present invention, a plurality of rigid plates having rigidity and a plurality of soft plates having viscoelastic properties are alternately laminated between upper and lower face plates. When the lateral spring constant of the seismic isolation structure is KH, and the mass of a load mounted on the seismic isolation structure is M,

[0009]

(Equation 2)

When the horizontal natural frequency fH of the seismic isolation structure calculated by the above equation is 0.1 Hz ≦ fH ≦ 2 Hz when a horizontal amplitude of 2 mm or less is input, the elastic body having the viscoelastic property At the time of vibration input with a horizontal amplitude equal to 100% strain, 0.1Hz ≤ fH ≤ 0.8Hz, and when the hysteresis loop of the seismic isolation structure is measured, when the shear strain returns by 10% from the maximum deformation. The natural frequency fH at is 0.9Hz
Satisfies the condition of ≦ fH.

That is, for an earthquake, a shear strain of 100
Set the natural frequency in% from 0.1 Hz to 0.8 Hz.
For wind, 1 from the maximum deformation of the hysteresis loop
Set the natural frequency of the 0% return gradient to 0.9Hz or more.
Absolute deformation of seismic isolation structure is 2mm against traffic vibration
Set the natural frequency below to 2Hz or less and 0.1Hz or more. By satisfying these conditions, a seismic isolation structure effective against all vibrations can be obtained.

[0012] As a measure for achieving the natural frequency in the divided area, a method according to claim 2 is provided.
(1) A plurality of hard plates having rigidity and a plurality of soft plates having viscoelastic properties are respectively provided between upper and lower face plates, and a through-hole is formed inside a composite laminate in which the plurality of layers are alternately laminated. A method of laminating a plurality of friction plates, as described in claim 6,
(2) A method of forming a through-hole in the interior of the composite laminate and laminating and enclosing a metal such as lead or tin therein and a protective plate around the encapsulating metal for protection thereof. , (3)
A method in which a through-hole is formed in the inside of the composite laminate and a granular material is sealed therein is suitable. The seismic isolation structure of the present invention that achieves the natural frequency satisfying each of the above conditions by applying these methods has seismic isolation characteristics that are effective for earthquake, wind sway, and traffic vibration.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Conditions such as a natural frequency required for a seismic isolation structure of the present invention will be described.

In traffic vibrations, it is known that strong vibrations exist in a frequency band of more than 2 Hz and 5 Hz or less. To isolate this traffic vibration, the horizontal amplitude
The natural frequency of the seismic isolation structure at 2 mm or less is preferably 0.1 Hz or more and 2 Hz or less, preferably 0.3 Hz or more and 1.5 Hz or less, and more preferably 0.5 Hz or more and 1 Hz or less.

If the natural frequency fH of the seismic isolation structure exceeds 2 Hz, it resonates with traffic vibration, and the vibration-proof effect cannot be obtained. on the other hand,
When the natural frequency of the seismic isolation structure is designed to be less than 0.1 Hz, the total thickness of the soft plate of the composite laminate becomes thicker, and the composite laminate becomes slender, that is, a tall composite laminate, and becomes unstable in shape and creep. It is not practical because the property becomes large.

In order to exhibit the seismic isolation effect during an earthquake, the natural frequency fH of the seismic isolation structure at a shear strain of 100% is required.
From 0.1 Hz to 0.8 Hz, preferably from 0.2 Hz to 0.8 H
z, and more preferably, 0.3 Hz or more and 0.8 Hz or less. Set the natural frequency of the seismic isolation structure to 0.
If the design exceeds 8Hz, it will resonate with the seismic wave and the seismic isolation effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, in order to design at less than 0.1 Hz, it is necessary to reduce the spring rigidity by making the soft plate of the composite laminate an ultra-low elasticity or increasing the total thickness of the flexible plate of the composite laminate. On the other hand, if the total thickness of the soft plate is increased, it becomes elongated, that is, becomes a tall composite laminate, and the shape becomes unstable, which is not practical. Further, if the soft plate of the composite laminate is made to have an ultra-low elasticity, the creep property will be increased, which is not practical.

The concept of vibration proof against wind sway is that a wind wave is a combination of a low frequency and a high frequency. This high frequency component gives the occupant a discomfort. That is, the seismically isolated building moves in the horizontal direction from the initial state due to the wind pressure generated by the wind speed, and swings from its metastable state due to the high frequency component of the wind.
Residents feel uncomfortable with the shaking caused by this high frequency component. Therefore, if the seismic isolation structure has high rigidity when returning from the hysteresis loop, it will feel as swaying as living in a non-seismic isolated building.

The natural frequency at the time of return, specifically, the natural frequency at the time when the shear strain returns by 10% from the maximum deformation in the hysteresis loop is 0.9 Hz or more, preferably,
It is preferable to design the frequency at 1 Hz or more, more preferably at 1.1 Hz or more. If it is designed to be less than 0.9Hz, the return amount will be large, and the residents will feel the wind swaying greatly, and the anti-vibration effect will not be obtained.

Next, each component applied to the seismic isolation structure of the present invention to satisfy the above conditions will be described in detail.

The composite laminate constituting the seismic isolation structure of the present invention will be described. The material used for the viscoelastic soft plate constituting the composite laminate refers to a material having a 50% modulus of 1 to 10 kgf / cm ² , preferably 1 to 5 kgf.
/ Cm ² , more preferably 1.5 to 4 kgf / cm ² . The 50% modulus of various materials can be measured in accordance with, for example, JIS K6301 and K6394.

Here, as the material having the viscoelastic property, organic materials such as thermoplastic rubber, urethane rubber, various vulcanized rubbers, unvulcanized rubber, finely crosslinked rubber, plastics, foams thereof, Various materials, such as inorganic materials such as asphalt and clay, and mixed materials thereof, having the above viscoelastic properties can be used.

These materials are formed into a flat plate and used as a soft plate. The shape of the soft plate is not particularly limited, but the seismic isolation structure of the present invention requires a column-shaped hollow portion in the composite laminate, and therefore needs to have a hollow portion at the center. Usually, a so-called cylindrical shape having a hollow portion at the center is used, and each soft plate has a donut shape, but may be a square shape as long as it has a hollow portion. The thickness of the soft plate is not particularly limited, and can be selected according to the material to be used and the desired seismic isolation performance. In general, a thickness of about 1 to 4 mm is used.

These materials may be used alone or as a mixture of a plurality of types. The materials may be entirely formed of a uniform material. The inner portion has a high damping material, and the outer portion has a creep performance. It is also possible to use a combination of two or more kinds with a good and soft material.

Further, as the hard plate in the present invention, various materials having required rigidity such as metal, ceramics, plastics, FRP, polyurethane, wood, paper plate, slate plate, decorative plate and the like can be used. Here, the required rigidity largely depends on design conditions, but means rigidity that does not easily cause a buckling phenomenon when subjected to shear deformation.

The thickness and shape of the hard plate are not particularly limited.
The thickness can be selected depending on the material to be used and the desired seismic isolation performance. Generally, the thickness is about 0.5 to 5 mm. The shape is arbitrary as well as the soft plate to be laminated, except that it has a hollow portion at the center, but usually the same shape as the soft plate used together is used.

The soft plate and the hard plate are alternately laminated in a plurality of stages to form a composite laminate. The soft plate and the hard plate have different shapes, areas and thicknesses depending on the required seismic isolation performance as described above, but the composite laminate improves the seismic isolation performance of the composite laminate inside as described above. Since a hollow portion for arranging each means described later is required, usually, both the soft plate and the hard plate have the same donut disk shape or a rectangular plate shape having a hollow portion, and have the same surface area. Things are used.

In order to impart weather resistance to the seismic isolation structure used in the seismic isolation structure of the present invention, the outside of the seismic isolation structure may be covered with a material having excellent weather resistance. Examples of the coating material include butyl rubber, acrylic rubber, polyurethane, silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, polysulfide rubber, ethylene propylene rubber (EPR and EPDM), chlorosulfonated polyethylene, chlorinated polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate rubber, chloroprene rubber, and the like. Also, thermoplastic rubber such as Hypalon, chlorinated polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate rubber,
Resin or the like can be used. These materials may be used alone or as a blend of two or more. Further, it may be blended with natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber and the like.

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a seismic isolation structure 10 of the present invention. A hollow portion is provided at the center of a composite laminate 12 composed of a hard plate 14 and a soft plate 16, and friction is applied to the hollow portion. The plates 20 are stacked and sealed. The composite laminate 12 is covered with a skin rubber 18. A holding plate 23 is disposed on the laminated body of the friction plates 20, and a female screw-threaded hexagon socket head holding bolt is disposed as an upper pig 24 in the center of the flange 22, and the upper pig 24 is tightened to tighten the friction plate 20. Is making a sealed input.

Here, the friction plate used in the seismic isolation structure of the present invention will be described in detail. The material of the friction plate used in the present invention is not particularly limited, such as a polymer material, a metal, a ceramic, and an inorganic material. As the polymer material, specifically, for example, as a thermoplastic, polyamide (nylon), polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene,
Glass fiber reinforced polystyrene, poly-P-xylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, fluoroplastic, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl ether, polyvinyl ketone, polyether, polycarbonate, thermoplastic Polyester, diene-based plastic, polyurethane-based plastic, aromatic polyamide, polyphenylene, silicone, and the like can be used. Among them, nylon, polyethylene, polyester, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, thermosetting plastic, and the like are preferable from the viewpoint of material properties and availability. Further, FRP (for example, FRP of unsaturated polyester resin) reinforced with fibers such as glass fiber, carbon fiber and metal fiber using the above-mentioned thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic as a matrix, or a polymer filled with an inorganic substance A compound or a metal whose surface is coated with a ceramic or polymer compound can also be used. These materials may be used alone, or a plurality of types may be used in combination, and a plasticizer or a filler may be added,
A reinforcing material such as FRP may be mixed and used.

The shape of the laminated body in which the friction plates used in the present invention are laminated is not particularly limited, such as a cylinder, a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, and generally a polygonal prism. The size of the laminate in which the friction plates are laminated is such that the cross-sectional area is 1.0% or more and 64% or less of the cross-sectional area of the composite laminate. Preferably, 1
% Or more and 20% or less, and further 1% or more and 10% or less.
More preferably, it is at least 2% and at most 5%. If the cross-sectional area of the friction plate exceeds 64%, (1)
(2) The shear modulus at a shear strain of 100% is larger than that in the case where the friction plate laminate is not combined, and the desired seismic isolation effect cannot be obtained. Occurs. If the cross-sectional area of the friction plate is less than 1.0%, the desired effect cannot be achieved because the damping effect cannot be obtained.

The seismic isolation structure of the present invention is used at a surface pressure of 5 kgf / cm ² or more and 150 kgf / cm ² or less. Preferably, surface pressure 5K
It is preferably used at a gf / cm ² or more and 50 kgf / cm ² or less, and more preferably at a surface pressure of 5 kgf / cm ² or more and 30 kgf / cm ² or less.

The thickness of the friction plate is defined as t mass, and the soft plate 1
When sheets of a thickness was set to t _R, t Friction is t _R less (t Friction
≤ t _R ). The diameter d of the friction plate at this time, when the height of the composite laminate obtained by H, the total thickness of the soft plate is h, it is preferable that the d ≧ 10 (h / H) t _Friction.

[0033] That is, the hard plate 1 sheet of thickness when t _S, the number of hard plate and n sheets, H = (n + 1) t R + nt S h = (n + 1) t R At this time, the upper and lower face plates If the number of friction plates in between is m, then H = mt mass. Since the overlapping portion of the friction plate when the shear strain is 200% is desirably 80% or more of the diameter d of the friction plate, 2h / m ≦ d / 5 d ≧ 10 (h / m) = 10 (h / H) t Masatsu. More preferably, the overlapping portion of the friction plates when the shear strain is 200% is preferably 90% or more of the diameter d of the friction plates, and d ≧ 20 (h / H) t mass. The diameter d of the friction plate is preferably 0.1 ≦ (d / D) ≦ 0.8, where D is the diameter of the hard plate. More preferably, 0.1 ≦ (d / D) ≦ 0.6. When d / D exceeds 0.8, the frictional force becomes too large, the balance with the spring rigidity of the seismic isolation structure is lost, and the restoring force is impaired. If d / D is less than 0.1, a desired damping effect cannot be obtained, and the object cannot be achieved.

The pressure for sealing the friction plate is 5 k
It is carried out at gf / cm ² or more and 150 kgf / cm ² or less. Preferably, the surface pressure is 5 kgf / cm ² or more and 100
kgf / cm ² or less, more preferably a surface pressure of 10 kgf / cm ²
It is preferably used in a range of not less than cm ^{2 and not} more than 60 kgf / cm ² .

When the surface pressure is less than 5 kgf / cm ² , the force for holding down the friction plate is insufficient, so that a sufficient frictional force cannot be obtained, and it is difficult to obtain a sufficient damping performance. When the surface pressure exceeds 150 kgf / cm ² , only the central friction plate is compressed, and the peripheral portion is stretched in the vertical direction, which causes unnatural deformation, which may affect seismic isolation performance. Will come out,
150 kgf / cm ² is a practical limit.

The sealing force (pressing force) of the friction plate can be controlled by adjusting the tightening torque of a screw of a lid having a thread provided on the upper portion of the friction plate. That is, a screw is cut in the upper surface plate, a lid having a screw thread adapted to the screw is provided, and the sealing force applied to the friction plate is adjusted to be constant by making the screw tightening torque constant. The size of the screw is preferably the same as or smaller than the friction plate.

FIG. 2 shows a seismic isolation structure 2 in which a columnar lead 28 is arranged in a hollow portion of a composite laminate 12 composed of a hard plate 14 and a soft plate 16 and a protective ring 30 is laminated and arranged around the lead.
FIG. As the columnar plastic object 28,
A plastically deformable metal or polymer material such as lead or tin is used, and among them, lead is preferable. The material of the protection ring 30 disposed around the plastic material 28 is selected from metal, ceramic, polymer compound, glass fiber, carbon fiber, and metal fiber so as not to damage the columnar plastic material. Selected from a polymer compound reinforced with reinforcing fibers, and a metal plate coated with a ceramic or polymer compound on the surface. In particular, it is preferably formed of a material having lower elasticity than the material of the plastic material and capable of sufficiently constraining the plastic material. For example, polyamide (nylon), polyethylene,
Polypropylene, polystyrene, glass fiber reinforced polystyrene, poly-P-xylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride,
Polyvinylidene chloride, fluoroplastic, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl ether, polyvinyl ketone, polyether, polycarbonate, thermoplastic polyester, diene plastic, polyurethane plastic, aromatic polyamide, polyphenylene, silicone, and the like can be used. Among them, nylon, polyethylene, polyester, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, thermosetting plastic, and the like are preferable from the viewpoint of material properties and availability. Further, FRP (for example, FRP of unsaturated polyester resin) reinforced with fibers such as glass fiber, carbon fiber and metal fiber using the above-mentioned thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic as a matrix, or a polymer filled with an inorganic substance A compound or a metal whose surface is coated with a ceramic or polymer compound can also be used. These materials may be used alone or in combination of a plurality of types.
A plasticizer or a filler may be added, or a reinforcing material such as FRP may be mixed and used.

The size of the metal such as lead or tin used as a columnar plastic in the composite laminate of the present invention is such that the cross-sectional area is 0.04% or more and 25% or less of the cross-sectional area of the composite laminate. Preferably 0.16% or more, 9% or less, and more preferably 0.3%
More than 4%.

The size of the laminate in which the protective ring is arranged on a plastic material such as lead or tin is 0.1 ≦ (Dout / D) ≦ 0.8, and preferably 0.1 ≦ (Dout / D) ≦ 0.5. More preferably, 0.1 ≦ (Dout / D) ≦ 0.3.

During an earthquake or the like, the protection ring moves in accordance with the shear deformation of the seismic isolation structure, and digs into lead. Large damage to columnar plastic material when embedding amount at that time is more than 25% of the diameter D _L of the columnar plastic material, columnar plastic material will cut. The preferred biting amount is within 15% of the diameter D _L of the columnar plastic material, more preferably 10%.
%. Therefore, it is preferable to design the thickness of the protection ring so as to have such a biting amount.

In the case of an earthquake with a shearing strain of 200%, it is the soft plate that is deformed. Therefore, when the total thickness of the soft plate is h,
It will be off by 2h. Therefore, the deviation per one protection ring, the number of protection rings stacked k, when the height of the composite laminate was H, 2h / k becomes, which more than 25% of the diameter D _L of the columnar plastic material It is desirable that
That (2h / k) ≦ 0.25D _L At this time, since H = kt link゛De,
(2h / (H / t links Bu)) becomes ≦ 0.25 D _L. Therefore, the thickness of the protection ring, t-link ゛, is t-link ≦≦ 0.25D
_LH / 2h Preferably, t-link ゛ ≦ 0.15D _LH / 2h, more preferably, t-link ゛ ≦ 0.10D _LH / 2h.

The width of this protection ring ((D _OUT -D _IN ) /
(2D _OUT : Outer diameter, D _IN : Inner diameter) must have a part where the protection rings adjacent to each other vertically overlap each other even when the seismic isolation structure is sheared. For that, (D
_OUT -D _IN) / 2t link Bu ≧ 2, _{preferably, (D OUT -D IN) /} 2t link more preferably Bu _{≧ 3 (D OUT -D IN)} / 2t link Bu ≧ 7
It is.

Also, a plastic material and a protective ring laminate are enclosed.
Pressure is 5kgf / cm^Two150kgf /
cm^TwoIt is performed as follows. Preferably, the surface pressure is 5 kgf /
cm ^TwoMore than 100kgf / cm^TwoBelow, more preferably
Surface pressure 10kgf / cm^TwoMore than 60kgf / cm^TwoBelow
It is preferably used.

If the surface pressure is less than 5 kgf / cm ² , the force for holding down the protective ring is insufficient, so that shear deformation of plastics such as lead is not performed normally, and it is difficult to obtain sufficient damping performance. In addition, surface pressure 15
When the pressure exceeds 0 kgf / cm ² , only the central protective ring is compressed, and the peripheral portion is stretched in the vertical direction, which causes an unnatural deformation, which may affect seismic isolation performance. That is, 150 kgf / cm ² is a practical limit.

The sealing force (indentation force) of the plastic material and the protection ring laminate is controlled by adjusting the tightening torque of a screw of a lid having a thread provided on the plastic material and the protection ring laminate. be able to. That is, a screw is cut on the upper surface plate, a lid having a thread which fits the screw is provided, and the tightening torque of the screw is made constant to adjust the sealing force applied to the plastic material and the protection ring laminate so as to be constant. Is what you do. The screw preferably has a diameter equal to or less than that of the protective ring laminate.

As described above, when the plastic object 28 such as lead and the protection ring 30 are arranged over the entire hollow portion of the composite laminate 26,
Since it has both high elasticity at low strain, low elasticity at high strain, and high damping, it is possible to exert an effect on an earthquake, wind sway, and the like.

FIG. 3 shows that the granular material 3
4 shows a cross-sectional view of the base-isolated structure 32 filled with 4. The seismic isolation structure 32 fills a hollow portion provided at the center of the composite laminate 12 composed of the hard plate 14 and the soft plate 16 with glass beads (spherical) 34 as a hard granular material while tapping. A compressive force is applied to the glass beads 34 in a compressed state by a cover 36 having a threaded upper portion, and the glass beads 34 are filled and sealed in a compressed state. 18.

The hard granular material to be filled in the columnar hollow portion of the seismic isolation structure can be compressed and filled to prevent excessive deformation of the seismic isolation structure due to frictional force between the granular materials. If so, there is no particular limitation, but preferable materials include, for example, copper, iron, sand for sandblasting, glass, quartz, plastic, and granular materials manufactured from natural or industrial wastes, and the like. Further, fiber-reinforced plastics, various ceramics, and the like having sufficient hardness can also be used.

The size of the granular material is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 30 mm. If the size is less than 0.01 mm, sufficient stress cannot be applied at the time of filling. The contact area is small, and it is difficult to obtain a desired frictional force.

Specific examples of the hard granular material include glass beads, metal balls such as iron balls and copper balls, sand, quartz powder, Al ₂ O
Sand blasting sand containing ₃ as a main component.

The shape of the granular material is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-mentioned size.
It may be any of irregular shapes and the like, and the surface of the granular material may be smooth or may have fine irregularities. Also, those having a shape close to a sphere having an aspect ratio of about 3 or less are preferably used.

When filling the hollow portion of the seismic isolation structure with these hard particulates, they should be filled in a close-packed manner by tapping or the like, and further sealed so that stress is applied by a lid or the like. Is preferred. Since the frictional force between the hard particles closely packed in the hollow portion contributes to the damping effect, the desired damping effect cannot be obtained in the filled state having a space where the hard particles can freely vibrate with each other, which is preferable. Absent.

The pressure for enclosing the granular material is a surface pressure of 5 k.
It is carried out at gf / cm ² or more and 150 kgf / cm ² or less. Preferably, the surface pressure is 5 kgf / cm ² or more and 100
kgf / cm ² or less, more preferably a surface pressure of 10 kgf / cm ²
It is preferably used in a range of not less than cm ^{2 and not} more than 60 kgf / cm ² .

If the surface pressure is less than 5 kgf / cm ² , the force for holding down the granular material is insufficient, so that a sufficient frictional force cannot be obtained, and it is difficult to obtain a sufficient damping performance. If the surface pressure exceeds 150 kgf / cm ² , only the central portion of the seismic isolation structure filled with granular material is compressed, and conversely, the peripheral portion is stretched in the vertical direction. There is a possibility that the influence will be exerted, and 150 kgf / cm ² is a practical limit.

The sealing input (pressing force) of the granular material can be controlled by adjusting the tightening torque of a screw of a lid having a thread provided on an upper part of a pressing plate for pressing the granular material. That is, a screw is cut on the top plate, and a lid having a screw thread that fits there is provided,
By making the screw tightening torque constant, the sealing force applied to the granular material is adjusted to be constant. The size of the screw is preferably the same as or smaller than that of the granular pressing plate.

In the seismic isolation structure of the present invention, the granular material is disposed in a bag made of a fiber sheet, a vulcanized rubber sheet, a thermoplastic rubber sheet, a thermoplastic resin sheet or the like disposed in a hollow column. Is preferred. This bag is
The bag is a bag for filling and holding the hard granular material therein, and is required to be flexible, have good shape following properties, and have sufficient strength.

There is no particular limitation on the fiber sheet constituting the bag body, as long as it has the above characteristics, whether it is a fiber woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a net-like sheet. It may be a non-woven fabric. The fiber material used for the sheet can be arbitrarily selected from natural fibers such as cotton and hemp, recycled fibers such as viscose rayon, synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide, and acrylic, and carbon fibers, and inorganic fibers such as metal fibers such as stainless steel. . Above all, from the point of strength and durability,
A woven fabric or a knitted fabric made of yarn such as cotton, polyester, or polyamide, or a nonwoven fabric made of fiber such as polyester or polypropylene can be preferably used.

This bag is formed of a thin fiber sheet and has a good shape following property. Therefore, there is no particular limitation on the shape thereof. It is preferable that the hollow portion is formed by a known method such as sewing or heat bonding in accordance with the shape of the formed hollow portion.

When these hard particles are filled in the bag, the bag is tightly packed by tapping or the like, and further the bag is placed in a hollow portion. It is preferable to enclose it so that it hangs. It is preferable that a surface pressure is applied to the hard granular material filled in the bag under the same conditions as in the case where the granular material is directly filled into the hollow portion without using the bag.

Since the granular material disposed in the hollow portion by the bag body can be prevented from entering a soft plate made of a soft rubber material, a higher frictional force can be realized as compared with the case of directly filling. Can be.

As a method of arranging the hard particulate material filled in the bag in the hollow portion, there is a method of arranging the bag in the hollow portion and then filling the hard particulate material. Filling and inserting the pouch into the hollow will make production easier.

[0062]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a base isolation structure 10 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

As the composite laminate 12, a hard plate 14 (inner steel plate) (outer diameter 250 mmφ, inner diameter 35 mmφ, thickness 1.6 mm) is used.
31 soft plates 16 (50% modulus: 2.7 kgf / cm ² , tensile strength: 90 kgf / cm ² : elongation at break: 760% rubber material, thickness 2.5 mm) (total rubber thickness: 78 mm) ). In the hollow portion of the composite laminate 12, the friction plate 1
As No. 6, 97 nylon plates (6,6 nylon) having an outer diameter of 35 mmφ and a thickness of 1.5 mm were laminated and filled. The composite laminate 12 was covered with a skin rubber 18 using rubber excellent in weather resistance.

A screw was cut at the center of the mounting flange 20 on one side of the composite laminate 12 with M30, and the friction plate 1 was laminated.
A steel plate 22 having an outer diameter of 35 mm and a thickness of 5 mm is placed on 6,
M30 threaded flange to M30 bolt (lid)
At 24, a bolt was pushed in with a tightening torque of 200 kgf-cm, and the friction plate 16 was sealed. The tightening force at this time is 50 kgf
/ Cm ² .

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a hysteresis loop of the seismic isolation structure of the first embodiment. The hysteresis loop was measured under the following conditions. Measurement conditions Load: 10 ton f Frequency: 0.2 Hz sine wave and shear strain of 100% FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between shear rigidity and shear strain when the friction plate 35 mmφ is sealed. From these, the results of measuring each characteristic of the seismic isolation structure of Example 1 are shown below.

(1) The natural frequency at the time of 10% return from 100% to 90% of the shear strain is 1.14 Hz (≧ 0.9 Hz). (2) The natural frequency at 100% of the shear strain is 0.59 Hz. The natural frequency at a deformation of 2 mm (shear strain 2.56%) is 1.43 Hz. That is, the seismic isolation structure of Example 1 satisfies all the requirements of the present invention, and excellent seismic isolation performance for each vibration can be obtained. Was confirmed. (Example 2) As a composite laminate, a hard plate (internal steel plate)
30 pieces (outer diameter 250mm φ, inner diameter 50mmφ, thickness 1.6mm), soft plate (50% modulus: 2.7Kgf / cm ² , tensile strength:
Using 31 pieces (total rubber thickness: 78 mm) of 90 kgf / cm ² , elongation at break: 760% rubber material and thickness of 2.5 mm and the same flat shape as hard plate, and using a friction plate ( Outer diameter 50
Ninety-seven mmφ, 1.5 mm thick nylon plates (6,6 nylon) were stacked and filled. Further, the same covering rubber as that of Example 1 was used to cover the same, and the flange was processed.

The outer diameter is 50 mm and the thickness is 5 m on the laminated friction plates.
A steel plate of m m was arranged, and a bolt was pressed in with a M30 bolt from the M30 threaded flange with a torque of 400 kgf-cm to enclose the friction plate. The tightening force at this time was 50 kgf / cm ² .

FIG. 6 is a graph showing a hysteresis loop of the seismic isolation structure of the second embodiment. The hysteresis loop was measured under the following conditions. Measurement conditions Load: 10 ton f Frequency: 0.2 Hz sine wave and shear strain of 100% FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between shear rigidity and shear strain when the friction plate of 50 mmφ is sealed. From these, the results of measuring each characteristic of the seismic isolation structure of Example 2 are shown below. (Results) (1) The natural frequency at 10% return from 100% to 90% of the shear strain is 1.48 Hz (≧ 0.9 Hz) (2) The natural frequency at 100% of the shear strain is 0.59 Hz (3) The natural frequency at a deformation of 2 mm (shear strain 2.56%) is 1.89 Hz. That is, the seismic isolation structure of Example 2 satisfies all the requirements of the present invention, and excellent seismic isolation performance for each vibration can be obtained. Was confirmed. (Example 3) As a composite laminate, a hard plate (internal steel plate)
(Outer diameter 250mm φ, inner diameter 100mm φ, thickness 1.6mm)
Thirty-one soft plates (50% modulus: 2.7 kgf / cm ² , tensile strength: 90 kgf / cm ² , elongation at break: 760% rubber material, 2.5 mm thick and the same planar shape as the hard plate) Use a rubber thickness: 78 mm, and put a friction plate (outer diameter 10
0mm φ, 1.5mm thick nylon plate (6,6 nylon) 97
The sheets were stacked and filled. Further, it was covered with the same outer rubber as in Example 1.

A screw was cut at the center of the mounting flange on one side with M44, and the outer diameter was 100 mm and the thickness was 5 m on the laminated friction plate.
m44 from the threaded flange of M44
Then, the bolt was pushed in with a tightening torque of 600 kgf-cm and the friction plate was sealed. The tightening force at this time is
It was 8 kgf / cm ² .

FIG. 8 is a graph showing a hysteresis loop of the seismic isolation structure of the second embodiment. The hysteresis loop was obtained under the same measurement conditions as in Example 1.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the shear rigidity and the shear strain when the friction plate 100 mmφ is sealed. From these, the results of measuring each characteristic of the seismic isolation structure of Example 3 are shown below. (Results) (1) The natural frequency at 10% return from 100% to 90% of the shear strain is 2.11 Hz (≧ 0.9 Hz) (2) The natural frequency at 100% of the shear strain is 0.74 Hz (3) The natural frequency at a deformation of 2 mm (shear strain 2.56%) is 1.75 Hz. That is, the seismic isolation structure of Example 3 satisfies all the requirements of the present invention, and excellent seismic isolation performance for each vibration can be obtained. Was confirmed. (Comparative example) As a composite laminate, 30 hard plates (internal steel plate) (outside diameter 250 mm φ, thickness 1.6 mm) without a hollow portion, soft plates (50% modulus: 2.7 kgf / cm ²⁾ , tensile strength :
Thirty-one sheets (total rubber thickness: 78 mm) of 90 kgf / cm ² , elongation at break: 760% rubber material and a thickness of 2.5 mm and a flat shape similar to a hard plate are alternately laminated, and are the same as in Example 1. Was covered with a skin rubber.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing a hysteresis loop of the seismic isolation structure of the comparative example. The hysteresis loop was obtained under the same measurement conditions as in Example 1.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between shear rigidity and shear strain when the friction plate is not enclosed. From these, the results of measuring each characteristic of the seismic isolation structure of the comparative example are shown below. (Results) (1) The natural frequency at 10% return from 100% to 90% of the shear strain is 0.8 Hz (<0.9 Hz). (2) The natural frequency at 100% of the shear strain is 0.55 Hz. The natural frequency at a deformation of 2 mm (shear strain 2.56%) is 0.76 Hz. In this comparative example, the effect is exhibited in the vibration isolation of traffic vibration and the seismic isolation against the earthquake, but the effect is not exhibited in the wind sway resistance. It was found that the seismic isolation performance could not be obtained. (Embodiment 4) FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a seismic isolation structure 26 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

As the composite laminate 12, a hard plate 14 (inner steel plate) (outer diameter 250 mm φ, inner diameter 46 mm φ, thickness 1.6 mm) is used.
A soft plate 16 (50% modulus: 2.7 kgf / cm ² , tensile strength: 90 kgf / cm ² , elongation at break: 760%, rubber material: thickness 2.5 mm, flat shape same as hard plate) 31
The sheets (total rubber thickness: 78 mm) were alternately laminated and used. A lead rod 28 (outer diameter 20 mm, height 148 mm,
99.99% pure lead) and a protective ring 3 around it.
Ninety-seven sheets (made of nylon plate (6,6 nylon) having an outer diameter of 46 mm, an inner diameter of 20 mm, and a thickness of 1.5 mm) were laminated. The periphery of the composite laminate 12 was covered with a skin rubber 18 as in Example 1.
The lead rod 28 is pressed with a pressure of about 0.7 tonf / cm ² , and has an outer diameter of 46 mm and a thickness of 46 mm on the protective ring 30 laminated with the lead rod 28.
A 5 mm steel plate (pressing plate) 31 was arranged. Further, a steel plate 23 having an M30 thread is disposed in a concave portion provided at the center of the flange 22 and fixed with bolts.
Then, the holding plate 31 was fixed by pushing in the bolt 29 with a tightening torque of 400 kgf-cm. The tightening force at this time was 50 kgf / cm ² .

As described above, without directly screwing the flange 22, a threaded steel plate 23 is separately formed to form the flange 2.
If it is fixed to 2, the screw bolts 29 having a desired diameter can be easily applied to a single flange 22 by preparing a threaded steel plate 23 having a desired diameter.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing a hysteresis loop of the seismic isolation structure of the fourth embodiment. The hysteresis loop was obtained under the same measurement conditions as in Example 1.

FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the shear stiffness and the shear strain when a lead rod (20 mm) and a protection plate (46 mm / 20 mm) are enclosed. From these, the results of measuring the characteristics of the seismic isolation structure of Example 4 are shown below.

(Results) (1) The natural frequency at the time of 10% return from 100% to 90% of the shear strain is 1.56 Hz (≧ 0.9 Hz). (2) The natural frequency at 100% of the shear strain is 0.64 Hz. (3) The natural frequency at a deformation of 2 mm (shear strain 2.56%) is 1.58 Hz. That is, the seismic isolation structure of Example 4 satisfies all the requirements of the present invention, and has excellent seismic isolation performance for each vibration. It was confirmed that it could be obtained. (Embodiment 5) FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a seismic isolation structure 32 according to Embodiment 5. FIG.

As the composite laminate 12, a hard plate 14 (inner steel plate) (outer diameter 250 mm φ, inner diameter 50 mm φ, thickness 1.6 mm) is used.
A soft plate 16 (50% modulus: 2.7 kgf / cm ² , tensile strength: 90 kgf / cm ² , elongation at break: 760%, rubber material: thickness 2.5 mm, flat shape same as hard plate) 31
The sheets (total rubber thickness: 78 mm) were alternately laminated and used. The hollow portion of the composite laminate 12 was filled with glass beads 34 having a diameter of 0.1 mm as hard particles. The periphery of the composite laminate 12 was covered with a skin rubber 18 as in Example 1. Screw the center of the mounting flange 22 on one side with M30. Composite laminate 1
(2) The center hole is filled with a glass bead 34 by tapping and a steel plate 35 having an outer diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 5 mm is placed thereon.
Is placed and the cover 36 is pushed in from the M30 threaded flange with a M30 bolt (lid) 36 with a tightening torque of 400 kgf-cm. The tightening force at this time was 50 kgf / cm ² .

FIG. 14 is a graph showing a hysteresis loop of the seismic isolation structure of the fifth embodiment. The hysteresis loop was obtained under the same measurement conditions as in Example 1.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between shear rigidity and shear strain when glass beads are filled by tapping. From these, the results of measuring each characteristic of the seismic isolation structure of Example 5 are shown below.

(Results) (1) The natural frequency at 10% return from 100% to 90% of the shear strain is 1.49 Hz (≧ 0.9 Hz). (2) The natural frequency at 100% of the shear strain is 0.68 Hz. (3) The natural frequency at a deformation of 2 mm (shear strain 2.56%) is 1.8 Hz. That is, the seismic isolation structure of Example 5 satisfies all the requirements of the present invention, and has excellent seismic isolation performance for each vibration. It was confirmed that it could be obtained.

The results of these measurements are shown in Table 1 below.

[0084]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, each of the examples satisfying the requirements of the present invention satisfies the three items of seismic isolation performance of earthquake resistance, wind sway prevention, and traffic vibration damping. . On the other hand, in the comparative example, it was found that the effect was exhibited in the vibration isolation of traffic vibration and the seismic isolation against the earthquake, but the effect was not exhibited in the wind sway resistance, and the desired seismic isolation performance was not obtained.

[0086]

Since the seismic isolation structure of the present invention has the above-described structure, it has seismic isolation performance against earthquakes, wind sway prevention, and vibration isolation of traffic vibration, and is suitable for light loads such as detached houses. There is an effect that there is.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a seismic isolation structure according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing a seismic isolation structure of a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing a seismic isolation structure according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a hysteresis loop of the seismic isolation structure of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the shear rigidity and the shear strain of the seismic isolation structure of Example 1.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing a hysteresis loop of the seismic isolation structure of the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the shear stiffness and the shear strain of the seismic isolation structure of Example 2.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing a hysteresis loop of the seismic isolation structure of the third embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing a relationship between a shear rigidity and a shear strain of the base-isolated structure of Example 3.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing a hysteresis loop of a seismic isolation structure of a comparative example.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the shear rigidity and the shear strain of the seismic isolation structure of the comparative example.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing a hysteresis loop of the seismic isolation structure of the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the shear rigidity and the shear strain of the seismic isolation structure of Example 4.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing a hysteresis loop of the seismic isolation structure of the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between the shear stiffness and the shear strain of the seismic isolation structure of Example 5.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Seismic isolation structure 12 Composite laminated body 14 Hard plate 16 Soft plate 18 Outer rubber 20 Friction plate 22 Flange 24 Lid 26 Seismic isolation structure 28 Lead (columnar plastic) 30 Protective ring 32 Seismic isolation structure 34 Glass beads ( (Granular material) 36 lid

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI F16F 15/04 F16F 15/04 A

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A seismic isolation device comprising a composite laminate in which a plurality of hard plates having rigidity and a plurality of soft plates having viscoelastic properties are alternately laminated between upper and lower face plates. When the lateral spring constant of the seismic isolation structure is KH and the mass of the object mounted on the seismic isolation structure is M, The horizontal natural frequency fH of the base-isolated structure calculated by
However, for vibration input with horizontal amplitude of 2 mm or less, 0.1 Hz ≤ fH ≤
When a horizontal amplitude equal to 100% strain is input to the elastic body having the viscoelastic property, the frequency is 0.1 Hz ≦ fH ≦ 0.8 Hz, and the hysteresis loop of the seismic isolation structure is measured. The natural frequency fH at the time of returning the shear strain by 10% from the maximum deformation satisfies the condition of 0.9 Hz ≦ fH. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein a hole penetrating through the composite laminate is provided inside the composite laminate, and a plurality of friction plates are laminated in the hole. Seismic structure. The thickness t Friction according to claim 3, wherein the friction plate, the thickness of one said flexible plate is taken as t _R, satisfies the condition of t Friction ≦ t _R, and the diameter of the friction plates d Assuming that the diameter of the hole is d, the height of the composite laminate is H, the total thickness of the soft plate is h, and the diameter of the hard plate is D, d mass is approximately equal to d and d mass ≦ 3. The seismic isolation according to claim 2, wherein d satisfies d mass ≧ 10 (h / H) t masatsu, 0.1 ≦ (d / D) ≦ 0.8 0.1 ≦ (d masatsu / D) ≦ 0.8 Structure. 4. The friction plate has a metal plate, a ceramic plate, a polymer compound, a polymer compound reinforced by fibers such as glass fiber, carbon fiber or metal fiber, and a ceramic or polymer compound coated on the surface. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the at least one metal plate is selected from the group consisting of metal plates.
The seismic isolation structure described. 5. The high molecular compound forming the friction plate,
The seismic isolation structure according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the seismic isolation structure is made of one or a combination of two or more of nylon, polyethylene, polyester, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and fiber-reinforced thermosetting resin. body. 6. A pushing force of 5 kgf / cm ^{2 to} 150 kgf inside a hole through which the friction plate penetrates the composite laminate.
The seismic isolation structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the seismic isolation structure is sealed at a rate of / cm ² . 7. A method in which a columnar plastic material penetrating the composite laminate is sealed in the composite laminate, and a protective ring is laminated between the columnar plastic and the composite laminate. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: 8. The thickness of the protection ring is t link, the diameter of the hard plate is D, the diameter of the columnar plastic is DL, the height of the composite laminate is H, and the total thickness of the soft plate. , The relationship between the outer diameter Dout and the inner diameter Din of the protective ring is (Dout-Din) / 2t link ≧≧ 2, and 0.02 ≤ (DL / D) ≤0.5 and 0.1 ≤
The seismic isolation structure according to claim 7, wherein (Dout / D)? 0.8. 9. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 7, wherein a material of the columnar plastic material is lead or tin. 10. The polymer material reinforced by a reinforcing fiber selected from the group consisting of metal, ceramic, polymer compound, glass fiber, carbon fiber, and metal fiber, and a ceramic or polymer compound on the surface. The seismic isolation structure according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the seismic isolation structure is at least one selected from a metal plate coated with: 11. A pressing force of 5 k is applied inside the hole through which the columnar plastic and the protection ring penetrate the composite laminate.
gf / cm ² ~150kgf / cm ² in the encapsulated, seismic isolation structure according to claim 7, wherein a. 12. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 1, wherein a hole penetrating through the composite laminate is provided inside the composite laminate, and a granular material is filled in the hole. 13. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 12, wherein the relationship between the diameter D of the hard plate and the diameter d of the hole is 0.05 ≦ (d / D) ≦ 0.8. 14. The granular material has an average particle size of 0.01 mm to 30 mm.
The seismic isolation structure according to claim 12 or 13, wherein: 15. A pushing force of 5 kgf / cm ^{2 to} 150 kg into the hole through which the granular material penetrates the composite laminate.
13. The composition according to claim 12, wherein the composition is sealed at f / cm ^2.
The seismic isolation structure described.