JPH1066462A - Irrigation, system therefor, and flowerpot - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an irrigation method, a system therefor and a flowerpot, each designed to save water through raising irrigation efficiency, enable water supply frequency to be reduced so as to mitigate the labor involved, enable plant culturing soil to be kept at a moisture content suitable for plant raising so as to prevent plant decay or root rot. SOLUTION: A cylindrical water-reserving vessel 1 made of unglazed pottery (porous material) is embedded in plant culturing soil 4, the water-reserving unit 1b inside the vessel 1 is fed with water 6 from a water tank 2, and the soil 4 is fed with the water vapor originated from the unit 1b and permeated through the peripheral wall of the vessel 1. Thus, the soil 4 is kept at a moisture content suitable for raising a plant 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a watering method, a watering apparatus, and a flowerpot.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for watering orchards, gardens, and fields where plants are cultivated, a large number of water holes are drilled in a pipe made of vinyl chloride or the like, and this pipe is used for plant cultivation soil. In some cases, water is supplied to the inside of a pipe, and water is supplied to the plant growing soil from a water passage hole.

[0003]

However, in the conventional irrigation method as described above, the water supplied into the pipe rapidly flows out from the water passage hole, so that the soil outside the area where the plant roots extend is extended. The amount of water that permeates the water increases, and the irrigation efficiency (the ratio between the amount of water used and the amount of water used for plants) decreases, and water is not retained in the pipes. There was a disadvantage that it did not. Further, since the water supply is performed at a high frequency in this manner, there is a possibility that the soil for plant cultivation may have excessive moisture and cause root rot of the plant.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and it is possible to increase the irrigation efficiency, save water, and reduce the frequency of water supply.
An object of the present invention is to provide an irrigation method, an irrigation device, and a flower pot that can reduce the labor required for that purpose, can maintain the soil for plant cultivation at a moisture content suitable for plant cultivation, and can prevent plant death and root rot. Is what you do.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a watering method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: interposing a porous material having water vapor permeability between soil for plant cultivation and a water storage section; Is supplied to the plant cultivation soil with water vapor from the water storage unit that has passed through the water.

The porous material used here preferably has a microporous structure that allows water vapor (gas phase) to permeate and hardly permeates water (liquid phase) or permeates very little. , Unglazed pottery, or other things can be used. In addition, unglazed pottery, without using glaze,
The base clay was fired at a relatively low temperature, and the base was not sufficiently sintered and became porous. By changing the type and thickness of the base clay, the firing temperature, and the like, the unglazed pottery can have desired water vapor and water permeability.

Further, the watering apparatus according to the present invention includes a water storage container buried in the soil for plant cultivation, and at least a part of the water storage container is formed of a porous material having water vapor permeability.

[0008] The flowerpot according to the present invention is a bottomed tubular flowerpot having an open top surface and a soil storage space for plant cultivation formed therein, wherein a water reservoir is formed on at least a part of the peripheral wall thereof, The inner peripheral wall of the water storage portion facing the soil storage space for plant cultivation is formed of a porous material having water vapor permeability.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a watering device for carrying out the watering method of the present invention. The watering device includes a water storage container 1 embedded in soil, that is, a plant cultivation soil 4, and a water tank installed on the ground. 2 and the water storage container 1
And a connection pipe 3 for connecting the water tank 2 to the water tank 2.

The water storage container 1 is formed into a single long cylindrical shape by connecting a plurality of cylindrical bodies 1a, 1a,... Made of unglazed pottery (porous material). This is the water storage section 1b according to the present invention.

Both ends of the water storage container 1 are closed.
One end of the water storage container 1 is connected to the water tank 2 via the connection pipe 3. In addition, the code | symbol 5 in the figure has shown the plant planted in the soil 4 for plant cultivation.

In the watering apparatus configured as described above, the water 6 charged into the water tank 2 flows into the water storage container 1 via the connection pipe 3, and is stored in the water storage part 1b. The water 6 stored in the water storage portion 1b is vaporized on the inner surface of the peripheral wall made of the unglazed pottery of each cylindrical body 1a or in the pores of the peripheral wall, becomes water vapor, and passes through the peripheral wall of the cylindrical body 1a. It is supplied to the plant cultivation soil 4 as indicated by the arrow. Then, the particles are brought into contact with the particles of the plant cultivation soil 4 and condensed, wet the plant cultivation soil 4 and absorbed by the roots of the plant 5.

At this time, since the water 6 cannot permeate the peripheral wall of the cylindrical body 1a unless it becomes water vapor, the water 6 in the water storage section 1b does not come out of the water storage vessel 1 rapidly, and it takes time little by little. It is supplied to the soil 4 for plant cultivation. Therefore, once the water storage part 1b and the water tank 2 are filled with the water 6, there is no need to supply water until the water 6 is almost used up, the frequency of water supply can be reduced, and the labor required for water supply is lower than that of the conventional method. Is also reduced.

Further, when the temperature is low or when the plant cultivation soil 4 is moist due to rainfall or the like, the amount of water vapor evaporating from the water storage container 1 is reduced. Conversely, when the temperature is high or the plant cultivation soil 4 is not wet. When the water is dried, the amount of water supplied to the plant cultivation soil 4 is automatically adjusted such that the amount of water vapor evaporating from the water storage container 1 increases. Therefore, the soil 4 for plant cultivation is maintained at a moisture content suitable for cultivation of the plant 5, thereby preventing the root rot of the plant 5.

Further, by the above-mentioned function of automatically adjusting the water supply amount, when the soil for plant cultivation 4 near the water storage container 1 has a sufficient water content, further water supply is suppressed. In this way, water is prevented from penetrating into the soil outside the range where the roots of the plant are extended as much as possible, and the irrigation efficiency is increased, thereby saving water.

Since the cylindrical body 1a of the water storage container 1 is made of inexpensive unglazed pottery, a polymer material such as Gore-Tex (trademark of Gore) is used as a porous material having water vapor permeability. The cost of the irrigation device can be reduced as compared with the case, and the water storage container 1 can be easily made to have strength enough to withstand the earth pressure.

When a polymer material is used as the porous material, it is difficult to decompose in the soil, and toxic gas may be generated when incinerated. Although it may be troublesome to dispose, if it is a cylindrical body 1a of unglazed pottery, when it is no longer needed, it will be harmless pottery powder if it is crushed. It is possible to dispose without doing so.

Further, since the pump for supplying water to the water storage container 1 is not used in the watering device of the present embodiment, the watering device can be made inexpensive for this reason, and running costs such as electricity costs are also required. Not even.

As shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 2, the ground above the water storage container 1
It is also possible to cover with. That is, when the sheet 7 is not provided, a part of the water vapor supplied from the water storage container 1 to the plant cultivation soil 4 may be released from the ground to the atmosphere without being condensed. Thereby, non-condensed water vapor is also substantially retained in the plant cultivation soil 4 below the sheet 7. The water vapor is condensed when the temperature decreases at night and becomes water droplets and adheres to the lower surface of the sheet 7, and the water droplets drop onto the soil 4 for plant cultivation. Therefore, compared with the case where the sheet 7 is not provided, the irrigation efficiency can be further increased, and the water can be further saved.

It is also conceivable to use salt water as the water 6. That is, since the water 6 in the water storage portion 1b becomes water vapor and permeates the peripheral wall of the cylindrical body 1a, even if the water 6 is salt water, the water vapor supplied to the plant cultivation soil 4 contains no salt, It does not cause salt damage to the plant 5. Therefore, this watering apparatus is also suitable for, for example, greening deserts in arid regions where fresh water is difficult to obtain because it is close to the sea but seawater is easily available.

FIG. 3 shows a watering device according to another embodiment of the present invention. The watering device is provided with a water storage container 11 made of unglazed pottery (porous material) buried in plant growing soil 4.
A water supply pipe 12 having a lower end connected to the water storage container 11 and an upper end opening to the ground is provided. The water storage container 11 is formed in a horizontal cylindrical shape with both ends closed, and the internal space of the water storage container 11 is a water storage part 11 a for storing the water 6. Reference numeral 12a denotes a lid that is detachably provided at the upper end opening of the water supply pipe 12. When the scale of the watering device is small, such a configuration may be adopted.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a flowerpot according to an embodiment of the present invention. The flowerpot 21 has a bottomed cylindrical shape in which an upper surface is open and a soil storage space 22 for plant cultivation is formed inside. The peripheral wall 23 of the flowerpot 21 has a double structure in which a water storage portion 23a for storing the water 6 is formed. A water supply port 24 for supplying water 6 to the water storage portion 23a is formed at an upper end surface of the peripheral wall 23, and a drain hole 26 is formed at a center of a bottom wall 25 of the flower pot 21 which is continuous with the peripheral wall 23. I have.

The entire pot 21 is integrally formed of pottery made by firing clay. And the inner peripheral wall 23 facing the soil storage space 22 for plant cultivation of the water storage part 23a.
b is a state of unglazed pottery (porous material) without applying glaze, whereas a glaze is applied to the outer surface of the outer peripheral wall 23c to form a coating layer 27 which does not transmit water and water vapor.

Therefore, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 5, the plant cultivation soil 4 is stored in the plant cultivation soil storage space 22,
When the plant 5 is planted therein, the water 6 stored in the water storage portion 23a becomes water vapor and passes through the inner peripheral wall 23b, and is supplied to the plant cultivation soil 4 as indicated by an arrow in FIG. To moisten.

At this time, the water 6 is supplied to the plant cultivation soil 4 slowly over a small amount of time because only the amount of water vapor that has passed through the inner peripheral wall 23b. Therefore, once the water storage portion 23a is filled with the water 6, the plant cultivation soil 4 does not dry even if water is not supplied for, for example, about one week, and the death of the plant 5 is prevented. Further, the water supply to the plant cultivation soil 4 is automatically adjusted in accordance with the temperature and the wetness of the plant cultivation soil 4 in the same manner as in the above-described watering device, so that root rot of the plant 5 is also prevented. You.

In the flower pot 21, the water storage portion 23a is formed over the entire circumference of the peripheral wall. However, the water storage portion may be formed only on a part of the peripheral wall. In addition, although the whole of the flower pot 21 is made of pottery, if the inner peripheral wall facing the plant cultivation soil storage space of the water storage unit is formed of a porous material having water vapor permeability such as unglazed pottery, other parts are used. May be formed of, for example, a watertight and airtight synthetic resin material.

[0027]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An irrigation apparatus as shown in FIG. 3 has a cylindrical water reservoir 11 having an inner diameter of 200 mm, a cylinder length of 640 mm,
A water storage unit 11a having a capacity of about 20 liters was buried in the plant cultivation soil 4, and cucumber and eggplant were planted and cultivated in the plant cultivation soil 4 above the water storage container 11, but although surface irrigation was not performed, Neither the cucumbers nor the eggplants died, of course, and the growth was almost twice as much as those cultivated only by surface irrigation without using a watering device, respectively, and the damage of pests was small.

It is to be noted that water is added from the water supply pipe 12 while being measured, and the water consumption per day (that is,
The relationship between the maximum temperature of the day and the amount of water evaporating as steam from the water) was examined. [Highest temperature] [Water consumption per day] 25 ° C 200ml 30 ° C 600ml 33 ° C 800ml 35 ° C 1000ml

As described above, since the amount of water evaporating from the water storage container 11 increases on a hot day requiring a large amount of water supply, the automatic adjustment function of the water supply amount described above effectively works, and plant cultivation is performed. It was found that the irrigation of the soil 4 was extremely suitably performed.

[0030]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the watering method of the present invention, a porous material having a water vapor permeability is interposed between the soil for plant cultivation and the water storage section. The water from the reservoir that has permeated the water is supplied to the plant cultivation soil, so that water is supplied to the plant cultivation soil little by little over time, and once the reservoir is filled with water, the water is There is no need to supply water until the water is almost used up, the frequency of water supply can be reduced, and the labor required for water supply can be reduced as compared with the conventional method. In addition, the amount of water supply is automatically adjusted according to the temperature and the wetness of the soil for plant cultivation, so that the soil for plant cultivation can be maintained at a moisture content suitable for cultivation of plants, resulting in plant death and root rot. Can be prevented. Furthermore, since excessive water replenishment to the plant cultivation soil is suppressed, it is possible to prevent water from penetrating to soil outside the range where the roots of the plant are growing as in the conventional method, and to increase irrigation efficiency. It can save water.

Further, if the porous material is unglazed pottery, the cost of the watering device can be reduced, the strength enough to withstand the earth pressure can be easily secured, and when the watering device becomes unnecessary, Unglazed pottery can be crushed and easily disposed of.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a part of a watering device according to an embodiment of the present invention in cross section.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of an irrigation device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a flowerpot according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of the flowerpot of FIG. 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water storage container 1b Water storage part 11 Water storage container 11a Water storage part 21 Flower pot 22 Plant cultivation soil accommodation space 23 Perimeter wall 23a Water storage part 23b Inner peripheral wall 4 Plant cultivation soil 5 Plant 6 Water

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A water-permeable porous material is interposed between a plant cultivation soil and a water storage unit, and steam from the water storage unit that has passed through the porous material is supplied to the plant cultivation soil. Irrigation method. 2. The watering method according to claim 1, wherein the porous material is unglazed pottery. 3. An irrigation apparatus comprising a water storage container buried in plant cultivation soil, wherein at least a part of the water storage container is formed of a porous material having a water vapor permeability. 4. A bottomed cylindrical flowerpot having an open upper surface and a plant cultivation soil accommodating space formed therein, wherein a water reservoir is formed in at least a part of a peripheral wall thereof, and said plant cultivation in said water reservoir is performed. A flowerpot, wherein an inner peripheral wall facing the soil storage space is formed of a porous material having water vapor permeability.