JPH10325519A - Incinerator of waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve a higher incineration efficiency while shortening incineration time by supplying a combustion gas evenly to wastes to be incinerated in an incinerator for the wastes. SOLUTION: A fire grating 12 is provided in a heat resisting body 11 of an incinerator. A primary combustion chamber 13 and a secondary combustion chamber 14, upper and lower zones, are formed and the primary combustion chamber 13 is provided with a feeding port 15 for wastes. An invertedcone shaped incineration, inner cylinder 31 is rotatably supported in the primary combustion chamber 13 with a vertical shaft and a flat agitation blade 36 is mounted in the inner circumferential surface of the incineration inner cylinder 31 along the vertical direction while a flat fixed blade 37 is provided along the vertical direction At the center part of rotation of the incineration inner cylinder 31 along the vertical direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste incinerator for burning and processing waste such as household garbage and garbage, kitchen garbage, and disposable diapers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross section of a conventional waste incinerator.

In a conventional waste incinerator, as shown in FIG. 3, a wall of an incinerator main body 101 is formed of a refractory material or a porous ceramic body, and a fire grate 102 is provided.
Is divided into an upper primary combustion chamber 103 and a lower secondary combustion chamber 104. In the upper part of the primary combustion chamber 103, there is formed an inlet 105 into which refuse 201 as waste is injected, and the opening 106 can be opened and closed by a lid 106. A combustion gas introduction passage 107 is connected to one of the secondary combustion chambers 104, and a burner 108 is mounted on the combustion gas introduction passage 107.
The burner 108 directly injects a mixture of combustion air and fuel gas (combustion gas) into the secondary combustion chamber 104. The other end of the circulation passage 109 whose one end communicates with the primary combustion chamber 103 communicates with the base end of the combustion gas introduction passage 107. Further, an exhaust gas exhaust passage 110 is connected to the other end of the secondary combustion chamber 104, and a tip end of the exhaust gas exhaust passage 110 is connected to a chimney 111.

[0004] Accordingly, the burner 108 injects the combustion gas into the secondary combustion chamber 104 through the combustion gas introduction path 107, and forms a high-temperature field in the secondary combustion chamber 104 and transfers a part of the combustion gas to the grate. It flows into the primary combustion chamber 103 through 102, and the refuse 201 introduced into the primary combustion chamber 103 from the input port 105 is partially burned into gas. This partial combustion gas is generated in the circulation passage by the generation of a negative pressure accompanying the injection of the combustion gas from the burner 108.
The circulation passage 109 and the combustion gas introduction passage 10
The air is sucked into the burner 108 through the burner 108 together with the combustion air, is completely incinerated in the high-temperature field of the secondary combustion chamber 104, and is then discharged to the outside from the chimney 111 through the exhaust gas discharge passage 110. In addition,
The flow rate ratio between the combustion air and fuel gas burned in the burner 108 is constant, and the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 104 is 800
１０００1000 ° C., and the residual oxygen concentration is set at 5-10%.

As described above, in the secondary combustion chamber 104, high temperature,
By using about 30% of the combustion gas having a low oxygen concentration as a gasifying agent, the above-mentioned operation enables stable treatment of high-moisture and low-calorie refuse having a low combustion rate and waste plastic having a high combustion rate. The thermal decomposition rate of the refuse can be suppressed, and this refuse can be stably partially gasified regardless of the properties of the refuse as incineration.

[0006]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional waste incinerator, the refuse 201 injected into the primary combustion chamber 103 from the inlet 105 is thick on the grate 102. In the stacked state, that is, as the reaction progresses to form a fixed layer, the reaction layers of the lower combustion layer, the middle partial combustion gasification layer, and the upper water evaporation layer in the layer become uneven in the cross-sectional direction as the reaction proceeds. Thus, there is a problem that a so-called one-sided burning phenomenon easily occurs. When the one-sided burning phenomenon grows, blow-through occurs in the height direction in the layer, and the combustion gas is not evenly supplied in the cross-sectional direction in the layer. In addition, among the refuse, flame-retardant refuse having high water content and high heat insulation such as disposable diapers and garbage having a water content of 90%,
There is a problem that the burn-out time becomes extremely long compared to general waste.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a uniform combustion gas is supplied to the waste to be incinerated to improve the incineration efficiency and reduce the incineration time. It aims to provide an incinerator.

[0008]

The waste incinerator according to the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object has a grate in a refractory incinerator, whereby a vertically divided primary combustion chamber and In a waste incinerator in which a secondary combustion chamber is formed and an inlet for the waste is provided in the primary combustion chamber, an inverted frustoconical inner cylinder in the primary combustion chamber is rotatable with a vertical axis. Supported are flat plate-like agitating blades along the vertical direction on the inner peripheral surface of the incineration inner cylinder, and flat plate-like fixed blades along the vertical direction are provided at the center of rotation of the incineration inner cylinder. It is characterized by having.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross section showing a waste incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of an incineration inner cylinder.

In the waste incinerator according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the incinerator body 11 has a wall surface formed of a refractory material or a porous ceramic body, and has a horizontal flat plate inside. The disk-shaped grate 12 is attached so that it is partitioned into an upper primary combustion chamber 13 and a lower secondary combustion chamber 14. In the upper part of the primary combustion chamber 13, there is formed an inlet 15 into which refuse 51 as waste is charged, and the inlet 15 can be opened and closed by a lid 16. Further, a combustion gas introduction passage 17 is connected to one side of the secondary combustion chamber 14, and a burner 18 is mounted on the combustion gas introduction passage 17. This burner 18
Is for directly injecting a mixture of combustion air and fuel gas (combustion gas) into the secondary combustion chamber 14. At the base end of the combustion gas introduction passage 17, one end is connected to the primary combustion chamber 13.
The other end of the circulation passage 19 which communicates with the communication port is connected. On the other hand, an exhaust gas discharge passage 20 is connected to the other side of the secondary combustion chamber 14, and a tip end of the exhaust gas discharge passage 20 is connected to a chimney 21.

In the primary combustion chamber 13, an incineration inner cylinder 31 is provided.
Is located at the top of the incineration inner cylinder 31.
The drive shaft 33 is connected to the incinerator body 11 via a shaft seal 34 so as to be suspended and rotatable. An output shaft (not shown) of the drive motor 35 is fixed to an upper end of the drive shaft 33. Therefore, the drive shaft 33 is driven by the drive motor 35.
, The incineration inner cylinder 31 can be rotated about the vertical axis in the primary combustion chamber 13.

The incineration inner cylinder 31 has an inverted truncated cone shape having a larger diameter at the upper part than at the lower part. A flat stirring blade 36 along the vertical direction is provided on the inner peripheral surface at equal circumferential intervals. Individually fixed. In the incineration inner cylinder 31, a flat fixed blade 37 extending vertically along the center of rotation is provided with a grate 12.
It is erected from. Further, a flange portion 38 is formed at a lower portion of the outer periphery of the incineration inner cylinder 31.
Numeral 8 is supported in a circumferential groove 39 formed in the incinerator main body 11 via a gas seal (heat-resistant sealing material such as foundry sand) 40, and is provided through a gap between the incineration inner cylinder 31 and the secondary combustion chamber 14. Gas short path is prevented.

Accordingly, the burner 18 injects the combustion gas into the secondary combustion chamber 14 through the combustion gas introduction passage 17 to form a high-temperature field in the secondary combustion chamber 14 and to transfer a part of the combustion gas to the grate. It flows into the primary combustion chamber 13 through 12. On the other hand, refuse 51 is thrown into the incineration inner cylinder 31 of the primary combustion chamber 13 from the charging port 15, and the incineration inner cylinder 31 is rotated by the drive motor 35, so that the refuse 51 is
6 and the fixed blade 37. That is, the incineration inner cylinder 31 is slowly rotating at a low speed of about several rotations per minute, and a relative speed is generated between the stirring blade 36 of the incineration inner cylinder 31 and the dust 51 on the grate 12, In addition, stirring blade 3
Relative speed is also generated between the refuse 51 agitated at 6 and the fixed wing 37 fixed to the grate 12. As a result, the refuse 51 is disturbed without forming a layer. for that reason,
It is possible to prevent non-uniform fuel due to one-sided combustion generated in the fixed bed and a gas short path due to blow-through in the height direction in the bed, so that the combustion gas can be supplied uniformly to the cross-sectional direction of the refuse 51.

[0015] Further, due to the agitating action of the refuse 51 by the stirring blade 36 and the fixed wing 37, a certain amount of water evaporation and incineration of the refuse 51 progress, and the structural strength is reduced, and the refuse 51 is crushed. By increasing the surface area, the burn-out time (processing time) of the refuse 51 can be reduced.

Thereafter, the combustion gas flowing into the primary combustion chamber 13 is sucked into the circulation passage 19 by the negative pressure generated by the injection of the combustion gas from the burner 18, and flows through the circulation passage 19 and the combustion gas introduction passage 17. After being sucked into the burner 18 together with the combustion air via the burner 18 and completely incinerated in the high temperature field of the secondary combustion chamber 14,
Is discharged to the outside.

As described above, in the waste incinerator of the present embodiment, the rotatable incineration cylinder 31 is provided in the primary combustion chamber 13.
By attaching a flat stirring blade 36 to the incineration inner cylinder 31 so as to be integrally rotatable, and fixing the flat stationary blade 37 to the grate 12 at the center of the incineration inner cylinder 31, The relative speed is generated between the stirring blades 36 and the fixed blades 37 and the incineration inner cylinder 31, and the dusts 51 are disturbed without being layered,
The combustion gas is uniformly supplied to the cross-sectional direction of the refuse 51,
The incineration efficiency can be improved.

In the above-described waste incinerator of the present embodiment, the incineration inner cylinder 31 has an inverted truncated cone shape in which the diameter of the upper part is larger than that of the lower part, so that the debris 51 on the grate 12 is burned. The amount of combustion gas supplied to the bed can be made uniform in the cross-sectional direction, making it difficult for one-sided burning to occur.
7, the stirring action and the crushing action are effectively given to the lower layer area, which is the main reaction zone where the stirring action and the crushing action are required, and the required power of the drive motor 35 is suppressed. Can be.

Further, in the waste incinerator according to the above-described embodiment, the flat stationary blades 3 are provided on the side wall of the primary combustion chamber 13.
7 and the grate 12 is made rotatable.
It is conceivable to fix the plate-like stirring blade 36 to 2, but this structure causes the following problems. That is, in a normal incinerator, the supply temperature of air as an oxidizing agent is room temperature in the case of a natural ventilation system, and is 200 to 350 ° C. in the case of a forced ventilation system. 800 to 100 for incinerators
When the high-temperature burner combustion gas of 0 ° C. is used as an oxidizing agent, and the central part is a stirring blade, the high-temperature grate is rotated, and a rotation drive unit is also provided near the grate. Each must have a heat-resistant structure, which is complicated and expensive. In addition, when the center portion is agitated by the stirring blade, the outer peripheral portion is relatively agitated by the agitating blade, so that the distance between the agitating blade and the debris relatively moves around the outer periphery, and the stirring efficiency is higher.

[0020]

As described above in detail in the embodiment, according to the waste incinerator of the present invention, the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber divided into upper and lower parts by providing a grate in the incinerator. The incineration inner cylinder having an inverted truncated cone shape is rotatably supported with a vertical axis in the primary combustion chamber, and a plate-like stirring blade along the vertical direction is mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the incineration inner cylinder, A flat stationary blade along the vertical direction is provided at the center of rotation of the incineration inner cylinder, so that when the incineration cylinder rotates, the relative speed between the agitating blade, the waste on the grate, and the fixed blade Is generated and the waste gas is disturbed and the combustion gas is supplied uniformly in the cross-sectional direction, so that the incineration efficiency can be improved and the incineration time can be shortened.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a waste incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of an incineration inner cylinder.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a conventional waste incinerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Incinerator main body 12 Grate 13 Primary combustion chamber 14 Secondary combustion chamber 15 Input port 18 Burner 19 Circulation path 31 Incinerator inner cylinder 33 Drive shaft 35 Drive motor 36 Stirrer blade 37 Fixed blade

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hisao Yamamoto 5-717-1, Fukahori-cho, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki Nagasaki Engineering Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fire grate is provided in a refractory incinerator to form a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber which are divided into upper and lower sections, and a waste material inlet is provided in the primary combustion chamber. In a waste incinerator, an incineration inner cylinder having an inverted truncated cone shape is rotatably supported with a vertical axis in the primary combustion chamber,
While the flat stirring blades along the vertical direction are mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the incineration inner cylinder, the flat stationary blades along the vertical direction are provided at the center of rotation of the incineration inner cylinder. Characterized waste incinerator.