JPH10311321A - Dislocation preventing structure for bolt - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely prevent dislocation of a bolt receiving force in the direction loosening a screw of the bolt fixing members, since a pair of the members always receive vibration and internal stress. SOLUTION: In a dislocation preventing structure 1 for a bolt, of a pair of members 2, 6, in the outer member 2, in a flange 4 parallel to a protrusive streak 3 thereof, a screw hole 5 is provided. In the upward of a flange 8 of the intermediate member 6, a pair of ribs 12 formed with a recessed groove 10, pair of upper/lower protrusive streaks 14 in an inner side surface of the rib 12 and a fine groove 15 between the streaks are respectively provided. And in the flange 8 facing the recessed groove 10, a through hole 9 is provided, so as to regulate movement in a direction mutually separating by the protrusive streak 3, each flange 4, 8 of the outer and intermediate member 2, 6 is overlapped. The screw hole 5 and the through hole 9 are made to communicate, a bolt 18 is screwed in from a side of the recessed groove 10, and in this bolt head 19, a dislocation preventing plate 16 is inserted in the fine groove 15, 15 so as to approach by a space S shorter than a screw margin L.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bolt which is used in an environment which is constantly subjected to vibrations caused by traffic and power, or in a state where a member to be fixed has internal stress, and which penetrates and fixes a pair of members. The present invention relates to a bolt disengagement prevention structure used in an environment where a force in a direction in which the bolt is loosened is applied.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Bolts used for equipment attached to roads, members constituting vehicles, or equipment used near the power of an engine or the like are provided with spring washers to prevent the bolts from being loosened due to vibration. Ingenuity such as fastening a double nut is applied. On the other hand, road signs, anti-glare louvers at the entrance and exit of tunnels, trucks, railway cars, etc.
Aluminum alloy members are used to reduce weight, improve corrosion resistance, and reduce maintenance. However, it is difficult to completely prevent loosening due to vibration of the bolts and the like in an environment in which vibrations due to a vehicle or power are constantly generated.

For this reason, in order to prevent such inconvenience due to such loosening, bolts and nuts used in vehicles and equipment are regularly inspected, and if the screws are loosened, refastening is performed. Maintenance is needed. In this case, the feature of maintenance reduction by the aluminum alloy member cannot be used. Similar maintenance is essentially required for road-related equipment such as road signs and anti-glare louvers at the entrance and exit of a tunnel, but it may be difficult to perform sufficient maintenance due to cost. in this case,
There is also a problem that it is necessary to prevent the bolt from coming off or the member to be fixed being severely detached due to the progress of the loosening of the screw from the viewpoint of safety.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and ensures that bolts, screws, and screws fall out even in an environment in which a screw is loosened due to vibration or the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a bolt disengagement prevention structure that improves safety and reduces maintenance. In this specification, bolts include screws and screws.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a bolt or head provided with a stopper plate or the like near the head or tip of the bolt, which is shorter than the screw margin. The idea is to make the clearance shorter than the screw allowance of the bolt and to house it in the concave groove. That is, the bolt disengagement prevention structure of the present invention is used in an environment where a force in a direction in which a screw is loosened due to vibration or the like is applied, and a pair of members that are restricted from moving in a direction away from each other, and a bolt that couples these members And a disengagement stop plate or a third member that is disposed at a distance shorter than the screw allowance of the bolt and that is adjacent to the bolt head of the bolt that penetrates and fixes a pair of members having at least one of the screw holes. It is characterized by.

According to this, even if the screw is loosened and the bolt tries to come off from the pair of members, the members are regulated so as not to be separated from each other, and the bolt head of the bolt comes into contact with a stopper plate or the like to move. Since it is obstructed, it is possible to reliably prevent the pair of members from falling off without the bolts coming off from both members. Means for regulating the separation between the pair of members include:
For example, a structure is used in which one member holds the end of the other member or the other member is disposed between the one member.
In addition, with the structural material itself that there is no fear of one member falling,
The case where the other member is disposed thereon and which does not separate from each other unless an external force against the weight of the other member is applied is also included. In addition, in this specification, the screw allowance includes both a portion of a screw portion of a bolt that is screwed into a screw hole of a member or a nut, and a tip portion penetrating therethrough.

A pair of members which are used in an environment where a screw is loosened due to vibration or the like and whose movement in a direction away from each other is regulated, and a bolt which penetrates through holes of the pair of members. And a nut screwed into the nut. The nut is non-rotatably accommodated in a wide bottom groove formed in one of the pair of members. Also included is a bolt preventing structure in which a stopper plate or a third member is provided which is closer to the head at a shorter distance. Accordingly, even if a through hole is formed in the pair of members instead of the screw hole, the bolt and the nut can be easily fastened, and both the bolt and the nut can be prevented from coming off.

Further, a pair of members which are used in an environment where a screw is loosened due to vibration or the like and whose movement in a direction away from each other is regulated, a bolt penetrating the pair of members, and a screw A nut having a matching nut, the bolt head of the bolt is housed in a wide bottom groove provided in one member, and the bolt head is closer to the nut side by a shorter distance than the screw allowance of the nut. The structure for preventing a bolt from being disengaged provided with the third member or the third member is also included. According to this, even if the nut is loosened, it can be prevented from coming off the bolt.

The above-mentioned stopper plate or the third member may be
It also includes a bolt-preventing structure that is a long plate or a long member that is adjacent to each other along the plurality of bolt heads. Thereby, the detachment of the bolt can be prevented by a small detachment prevention plate or the like. Further, a structure for preventing the bolt from coming off, in which the above-mentioned stopper plate or the third member is in contact with the bolt head or the tip of the bolt, is also included. This makes it possible to more reliably prevent the bolts and nuts from coming off.

Further, another bolt disengagement prevention structure according to the present invention is used in an environment in which a force in a direction in which a screw is loosened due to vibration or the like is applied, and a pair of members whose movement in directions away from each other is regulated, The bolt head and the nut of the bolt which penetrate and fix the pair of members are housed in the wide bottom concave grooves provided in the pair of members, respectively. The gap in the wide bottom groove is a distance shorter than the screw allowance of the bolt or the like in the pair of members. According to this, even if the bolt head and the nut are loosened by the force in the direction in which the screw is loosened, the position of the bolt and the nut is restricted in the wide bottom concave groove that surrounds them, so that the bolt or the nut may come off. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the pair of members from falling off.

[0011] The present invention also includes a bolt disengagement prevention structure provided with a wrench insertion concave portion facing the small hole of the detachable stopper plate or the wide bottom concave groove at the bolt head of the bolt. According to this, it is possible to easily perform fastening and refastening of the bolt by using a wrench that passes through the retaining plate or the small hole of the wide bottom groove. Furthermore, the above-mentioned pair of members also includes a bolt disengagement prevention structure formed of an extruded aluminum alloy material.
Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the bolts and nuts used for fixing the extruded material of the aluminum alloy from coming off, to form the above-mentioned wide groove with high precision, and to accurately receive the bolt heads and nuts. If the wide bottom groove for accommodating the nut or the bolt head is set to a size such that the nut or the like does not rotate therein, the bolt fastening operation can be facilitated.

[0012]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A shows outer members 2 and 2 including flanges 4 extending horizontally from both left and right sides, and a middle member 6 having flanges 8 and 8 extending left and right from a center side.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the disengagement prevention structure 1 in which are fixed by bolts 18. Above each outer member 2, a ridge 3 is provided in parallel with the flange 4, and an end of the middle member 6 is sandwiched between them to regulate separation of the two members 2, 6.
A screw hole 5 is formed in the flange 4. Above each flange 8 of the middle member 6, a pair of ribs 12, 12 forming a concave groove 10, and a pair of upper and lower ridges 14, 14 are provided on the inner surface of the rib 12 so as to face left and right. , A horizontal narrow groove 15 is formed between them. A through hole 9 is formed at an intermediate position of the flange 8 facing the concave groove 10.

In order to obtain the detachment prevention structure 1, first, the end of the middle member 6 is inserted between each of the ridges 3 of the outer member 2 and the flange 4, and the respective flanges 4, 8 of both members 2, 6 are inserted. Polymerize
The screw holes 5 and the through holes 9 are communicated. Next, the bolt 18 is inserted from the concave groove 10 side, and the screw portion 18 a is screwed into the screw hole 5 through the through hole 9. Then, both side edges of the retaining plate 16 are inserted into the narrow grooves 15 of the middle member 6, and the lower surface of the retaining plate 16 is brought close to the bolt head 19 of the bolt 18. In this state, the retaining plate 16 is caulked by, for example, caulking a portion of the ridge 14 from above.
The position is fixed. Note that the detachment prevention structure 1 indicates only one of the left and right in the figure.

Then, the clearance S between the bolt head 19 and the retaining plate 16 is shorter than the screw allowance L screwed into the screw hole 5 of the bolt 18, so that the vibrations generated near the two members 2 and 6 are reduced. Even if a force in the direction of loosening is applied to the threaded portion 18a of the bolt 18 continuously, the two members 2 and 6 cannot be separated from each other by the ridge 3, and the bolt head 19 of the bolt 18 is detached from the lower surface of the stopper plate 16. It is prevented from coming off further at the position where it comes into contact. Therefore, according to the detachment prevention structure 1, not only the detachment of the bolt 18 but also the separation and dropout of the members 2 and 6 inside can be surely prevented.

When there is a gap S1 between the middle member 6 and the ridge 3 as in the detachment prevention structure 1, the screw allowance L is equal to the gap S.
And the gap S1 (L> S + S1). Also, as shown in FIG.
Is fixed, and when the weight of the middle member 6 itself is large and restricting the separation of the two members 2 and 6 from each other by its own weight, the regulation by the ridge 3 can be omitted. For the outer and middle members 2, 6, an extruded member made of an aluminum alloy is used.

FIG. 1B shows a different form of the disengagement prevention structure 20.
FIG. The detachment prevention structure 20 includes a pair of outer members 21 and 21 having vertically extending flanges 22 on both left and right sides in the drawing, and a middle member 26 having vertical flanges 28 on both left and right ends, and a bolt 38 and a nut body 24. Are fixed by screwing. A substantially cylindrical nut body 24 is fixed to the through hole 23 formed in the middle of the flange 22 of each outer member 21 by caulking. The nut body 24 has a ring flange 25 at an inner end as shown in the figure, and an annular portion 24 formed by caulking an intermediate portion outward in a ring shape and projecting.
a, the flange 22 is sandwiched by
The screw hole 24b is positioned in 3.

On the other hand, the middle member 26 is made of an extruded member made of an aluminum alloy having a substantially U-shaped cross section on both left and right sides, and a pair of horizontal ribs 32, 32 forming concave grooves 30 above and below a vertical flange 28. A pair of ridges 34, 34 are provided on the inner surface of these ribs 32 so as to face each other up and down, and a vertical narrow groove 35 is formed between them. A through hole 29 is formed at an intermediate position of the flange 28 facing the groove 30. In order to obtain the detachment prevention structure 20, first, an intermediate member 26 is disposed between a pair of external members 21 fixed in advance, and the separation of the members 21 and 26 from each other is regulated. Then, the flanges 22 and 28 of the two members 21 and 26 are brought into contact with each other, the screw hole 24b of the nut body 24 is communicated with the through hole 29 of the middle member 26, and the bolt 38 is inserted from the concave groove 30 side. The screw portion 38a is screwed into the screw hole 24b of the nut body 24.
Screw.

Next, both side edges of the retaining plate 36 are inserted into the narrow grooves 35 of the middle member 26, and the inner surface of the retaining plate 36 is brought close to the bolt head 39 of the bolt 38. In this state, the stopper plate 36 is fixed in position by, for example, caulking a part of the ridge 34 from outside. As a result, the gap S between the bolt head 39 and the stopper plate 36 is shorter than the screw allowance L screwed into the screw hole 24b of the bolt 38. For this reason, even if the two members 21 and 26 always receive the vibration generated in the vicinity thereof and the force in the loosening direction is applied to the screw portion 38a of the bolt 38, the two members 21 and 26 do not separate from each other, and the bolt 38 is not Bolt head 39 is coming off plate 3
6 is prevented from further loosening at a position where it comes into contact with the inner surface of the inner ring 6. Therefore, the detachment prevention structure 20 can also reliably prevent the bolt 38 from coming off and the members 21 and 26 from being separated and falling off.

FIG. 2 relates to a use example of the detachment prevention structures 1 and 20. FIG. 2A shows a dimmer unit 41 that horizontally covers the upper part of the road at the entrance of the tunnel. The unit 41 is provided with a pair of front and rear dimmers 40 in the figure. In each of the dimmers 40, a louver 60 in which a pair of left and right inclined dimming panels 61 made of polycarbonate are fixed in a frame 42 is provided to prevent glare of the driver. 2B, a nut 46 similar to the above is fixed to a through hole 44 formed in the inner piece 43 of each frame 42 by a ring flange 47 and an annular portion 48. Have been. Attachment frames 50 are fixed to the inner pieces 43 of the respective frame members 42 in parallel with the bolts 56, respectively.

The mounting frame 50 is made of an extruded member made of an aluminum alloy having a substantially U-shaped cross section, and a pair of horizontal ribs 54 and 5 forming a concave groove 55 above and below a vertical flange 52.
4, and a through hole 53 is formed in the center of the flange 52. The screw hole 49 of the nut body 46
And the through hole 53 of the mounting frame 50 are communicated with each other, and the bolt 56 is inserted from the concave groove 55 side.
The mounting frame 50 is fixed to the frame body 42 by screwing with the screw holes 49 of No. 6. As will be described later, the bolt 56 is provided with a detachment prevention structure 74 that is not detached even if it receives a force in the direction in which the screw is loosened by the louver frame 62 fixed adjacently inside the mounting frame 50.

An inclined louver frame 62 in which a dimming panel 61 is provided is fixed to each of the mounting frames 50 fixed in an inclined manner by bolts 70. The bolt 70 has the same structure as the above-mentioned detachment prevention structure 1 by a detachment prevention plate 72 which is close to the bolt head 71. The louver frame 62 includes a hollow portion 63 having a rectangular cross section on which the light-reducing panel 61 is mounted, a channel portion 64 having a U-shaped cross section that forms a concave groove 65 outside the hollow portion 63, and a concave portion of the channel portion 64. Groove 65
, A pair of upper and lower ribs 66 provided on both sides thereof, a narrow groove 67 formed therebetween, and a flange 68 forming an insertion portion 69 inside the hollow portion 63 and the channel portion 64 integrally. An extruded member made of an aluminum alloy is used.

The pair of louver frames 62 on each of the long and short sides is rectangularly shaped by an L-shaped piece (not shown) straddling between the hollow portions 63 at the corners. The louver 60 is formed by fixing the position of the dimming panel 61 with the sealing material S. The fixing of the louver 60 is performed as follows. First,
The louver frame 62 on the long side has a channel portion 64 placed on the mounting frame 50, a through hole (not shown) formed in the channel portion 64, and a screw formed in a rib 54 above the mounting frame 50. A hole (not shown) is communicated. Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, the bolt 70 is screwed into the screw hole from the concave groove 65 side through the through hole. After that, both side edges of the retaining plate 72 are inserted into the narrow grooves 67 on both upper sides of the channel portion 64, and the retaining plate 7 covers the bolt head 71 of the bolt 70.
2 is brought close to the bolt head 71. In this state, the retaining plate 72 is fixed by, for example, partially caulking the upper rib 66. In this case, the weight of the louver 60 regulates the rib 54 and the channel portion 64 so as not to be separated from each other.

The movement of the frame body 42 and the mounting frame 50 in the separating direction is also performed on the opposite side (right side) to that shown in FIG. Is regulated by being fixed. As a result, the bolt head 7
2 and the gap between the retaining plate 72 is shorter than the screw allowance penetrating the channel portion 64 of the bolt 70 and the rib 54 of the mounting frame 50 as shown in FIG.
The louver frame 62 and the mounting frame 50 do not separate from each other even if a force in the direction in which the screw is loosened is continuously applied to the bolt 70 by the vehicle traveling below the Looseness is prevented at the contact position.

Note that, as shown in FIG.
2 can use a long plate along the louver frame 62, so that a plurality of bolts 70 can be provided with a structure for preventing the bolts 70 from coming off. Further, since the head 71 of the bolt 70 has a spherical shape, the lower surface of the stopper plate 72 can be brought into contact with the top of each bolt head 71, and the loosening of the bolt 70 can be prevented more reliably. At the same time as fixing the louver frame 62 to the mounting frame 50 as described above,
It is also possible to obtain a structure 74 for preventing the bolts 56 from fixing the fixing frame 50 to the frame body 42. That is, the inner pieces 43 of the pair of parallel frame bodies 42 fixed in advance and the respective frames 62 of the louver 60 inserted between them are used to separate the inner pieces 43 and the mounting frame 50 from each other in a direction away from each other. Movement is regulated.

The head 58 of the bolt 56 and the louver frame 6
The gap between the second (third member) hollow portion 63 and the left outer surface 63a is set shorter than the screw allowance of the bolt 56 passing through the nut body 46. Therefore, a force in the loosening direction is continuously applied to the screw portion 57 of the bolt 56, and the bolt 56
Even if the bolts come loose from the nut body 46, the bolt heads 58 abut against the left outer side surface 63a of the hollow portion 63, and further movement is prevented. Therefore, the bolt 56 cannot be removed by the hollow part 63 of the louver frame 62 which is a third member different from the frame body 42 and the mounting frame 50, which penetrate and fix themselves.
Such a disengagement prevention structure 74 can be used for a structural portion provided in a vibration environment or the like in which three or more members approach each other and are connected by bolts.

FIG. 3 relates to a different form of the structure for preventing the light-reducing body 40 from coming off. The same parts as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this embodiment, the bolt 56 for fixing the mounting frame 80 to the frame 42 also uses the slip-off prevention plate 90 that forms the slip-off prevention structure 20. The mounting frame 80 is mounted on the mounting frame 5.
Vertical flange 82 and upper and lower horizontal ribs 84 as in FIG.
To form a pair of ridges 86 and narrow grooves 88 between the upper and lower ribs 84 on the side of the groove 85. Then, after fixing the mounting frame 80 to the frame body 42 with the bolts 56 in the same manner as described above, the retaining plate 90 is inserted between the upper and lower narrow grooves 88, and the retaining plate 90 is appropriately fixed by caulking or the like. Then, the clearance between the head 58 of the bolt 56 and the retaining plate 90 is much shorter than the screw allowance of the screw portion 57 that penetrates the nut body 46 of the bolt 56. Even if it works, the bolt head 58 is prevented from moving in the direction in which the bolt head 58 comes off at the position where it comes into contact with the stopper plate 90.

FIG. 4 relates to a disengagement prevention structure of a different form. Referring to FIG.
1, 101 are vertical flanges 10 forming a part thereof.
2 and L-shaped ribs 104 facing each other along the lower end thereof
Is an extruded profile made of an aluminum alloy in which a concave groove 106 having a narrow opening 108 on the outside and a narrow groove 108 therebetween is provided over the entire length in the vertical direction on the drawing paper. Also,
In the figure, the central middle member 110 includes left and right horizontal portions 111 constituting a part thereof, vertical flanges 112 erected from both ends thereof, and L-shaped ribs 114 facing each other along their inner surfaces. It has a horizontal groove, and a wide groove 116 is formed between them.
Reference numeral 18 denotes an extruded member similar to the above, provided over the entire length in the vertical direction on the drawing paper.

Further, through holes 10 communicating with each other are formed in the bottom surfaces of the concave grooves 106 and 116 of the outer / middle members 101 and 110, respectively.
9, 119 are drilled. The left and right outer members 101 are fixed in advance by means (not shown). In order to fix the middle member 110 between these, first, the outer member 10
A hexagon nut 126 is inserted into one of the concave grooves 106 from an end in the longitudinal direction, and is set at a position where the through holes 109 and 119 and a screw hole (not shown) of the hexagon nut 126 communicate with each other. As shown in the figure, the nut 126 has two upper and lower opposing sides close to both side walls of the concave groove 106.
In 06, it is accommodated so that it cannot rotate.

Next, the screw portion 122 of the bolt 120 is inserted from the side of each concave groove 116 of the middle member 110 into the through holes 109 and 11.
9 is screwed into the nut 126 and its tip is positioned in the opening 108 of the outer member 101. In this case, since the nut 126 does not rotate, the two members 101 and 110 can be fixed only by turning the head 124 of the bolt 120. Finally, the slip-off preventing plate 128 is inserted into each of the narrow grooves 118 of the middle member 110 and is appropriately fixed by caulking or the like as described above, whereby the slip-off preventing structure 100 can be obtained.

According to this structure 100, even if a force in the loosening direction is applied to the screw portion 122 of the bolt 120 by vibration or the like, the two members 101 and 110 do not separate from each other, and the nut 1
Since 26 is fixed in position as described above, bolt 1
The force to move to 20 works. But bolt 12
Even if 0 starts moving inward, its head 124 abuts against the locking plate 128 and cannot rotate any more. Therefore, not only the bolt 120 and the nut 126 come off, but also
It is also possible to prevent the middle members 101 and 110 from separating or falling off. The nut 126 only needs to be accommodated in the concave groove 106 so as not to be rotatable, and a rectangular nut or a long nut plate having a plurality of screw holes spaced along the longitudinal direction may be used. Can also. In particular, when a nut plate is used, the operation of inserting the nut can be further facilitated.

FIG. 4B shows the outer / middle member 101,
4 shows a disengagement prevention structure 100 that facilitates refastening of a bolt 120 for fixing 110. That is, the bolt 120 is screwed into the nut 126 set in the same manner as described above, and
1,110 is fixed. A hexagonal hole (recess) 125 for receiving a hexagonal wrench is formed at the center of the head 124 of the bolt 120. Also, the head 124 of the stopper plate 128
A small hole 129 into which a hexagon wrench can be inserted is formed in advance at a position opposed to. Therefore, the bolts 120 are loosened to the position where they come into contact with the stopper plate 128, and both members 10
In the case where backlash occurs between the bolts 1 and 110, the bolt 120 has an appropriate tightening force by inserting a hexagon wrench (not shown) through the small hole 129 and the tip thereof into the hexagon hole 125 of the bolt 120. The nut 126 can be re-fastened. At this time, it is not necessary to remove the stopper plate 128, which is an extremely preferable form from the viewpoint of maintenance.

FIG. 5 relates to a further different form of the anti-separation structure applied to the dimmer. FIG. 7A shows a dimmer unit 131 in which a pair of dimmers 130 are provided in the same manner as described above, and each dimmer 130 has a pair of oblique louvers 140 provided therein. As shown in FIG.
A louver frame 142 on the long side of each louver 140 is provided inside each of the frame members 132 constituting the periphery of the frame 0 by bolts and nuts 138 via fixing brackets 137 sandwiched at a position closer to the upper side. It is fixed to the upper surface of. Also,
Each louver frame 142 is rotatably supported on the frame 132 by a bolt / nut 136 that penetrates a support fitting 134 sandwiched at a position below the louver frame 142. Therefore, by removing the fixture 137 from the bolt / nut 138, the louver 140 can be rotated upward and pulled up.

The dimming panel 141 is fixed inside the frame 142 of the louver 140. FIG. 5 (C) is an enlarged view of a connecting portion between the panel 141, the louver frame 142, and the support fitting 134. The louver frame 142 is composed of a set of an upper frame 144 and a lower frame 150, and the support fitting 13 is provided between them.
4 and the dimming panel 141 are sandwiched and fixed. The upper surface frame 144 has a substantially L-shaped cross section, and its vertical piece 14
6 is formed of an extruded aluminum alloy material having a wide groove 145 on the outside thereof and a groove 147 under the horizontal piece 148 over its entire length. The vertical piece 146 has a small hole 14 for wrench insertion.
6a is drilled. Further, the lower surface frame 150 is also substantially L-shaped in cross section.
It is formed of the same extruded profile as described above, which has a shape, and has a pair of upper and lower wide concave grooves 153 and 154 on the outside of the vertical piece 152 and an upward wide concave groove 158 on the right side of the horizontal piece 156.

First, a nut 168 is non-rotatably inserted into the wide bottom groove 153 above the vertical piece 152 of the lower frame 150, and a hexagonal hole (recess) bolt 166 for inserting a wrench is passed through the support bracket 134. To the nut 168.
In this case, the head of the bolt 166 is slightly separated from the vertical piece 152. Also, a wide bottom groove 154 below the vertical piece 152.
The base of the sealing material W having a tongue-shaped cross section is inserted therein. Furthermore, the head of a bolt 161 is inserted into the wide bottom concave groove 158 of the horizontal piece 156 of the lower frame 150 so as not to rotate.
61 is vertically penetrated through the side edge of the dimming panel 141, and its screw portion is screwed to the nut 162 via a long washer plate 164. A bolt 136 penetrates the upper end piece 135 of the support fitting 134. The bolt (nut) 136 also penetrates the frame 132 to rotatably support the louver 140 on the frame 132. The bolt 13 of the support fitting 134
6 does not use the detachment prevention structure of the present invention.

On the other hand, the upper frame 144 constituting the louver frame 142 is slid from the front-rear direction shown in the drawing so that the wide bottom groove 145 of the vertical piece 146 includes the bolt head of the horizontal bolt 166. House bolt head. At the same time, the upper end of the vertical bolt 161, the nut 162, and the washer plate 164 are inserted into the groove 147 below the horizontal piece 148 of the upper frame 144. By inserting a wrench (not shown) into the hexagonal hole of the bolt 166 through the small hole 146a of the upper frame 144 and tightening the bolt 166 and the nut 168, the upper and lower frames 144, 150 are firmly fixed.

The upper frame 144 is positioned on the short side of the louver 140 so as not to move back and forth in the drawing.
(Not shown). Louver frame 1
42, a horizontal bolt 166 for fixing the upper and lower frames 144, 150 and the support bracket 134, and a nut 16 screwed to the horizontal bolt 166.
8 are accommodated in the wide bottom concave grooves 145 and 153, and the gap between the head of the bolt 166 and the wide wide concave groove 145 is shorter than the screw allowance of the bolt 166, so that the detachment prevention structure 16 is provided.
5.

That is, in the detachment prevention structure 165, the bolt 1
Even if a force in the loosening direction acts on the bolt 66, the position of the bolt head and the nut 168 is regulated by the wide bottom groove 145 and the like, so that both the bolt 166 and the nut 168 are prevented from loosening each other. In addition, since the upper frame 144 is fixed as described above, and the lower frame 150 is also sandwiched between the indicator 134 and the sealing material W, the movement of the lower frame 150 in the direction away from each other is restricted. In addition, the nut 168 is inserted into the wide bottom groove 1.
It is housed in a non-rotatable manner in 45 to make it difficult to loosen.

As shown in FIG. 5D, the louver frame 142
The vertical bolts 161 for fixing the lower frame 150 and the dimming panel 141 are non-rotatably accommodated in the wide bottom groove 158 with a very small gap. The tip of the bolt 161 that is screwed with the nut 162 and protrudes upward is closer to the horizontal piece 148 of the upper frame 144 than the screw allowance of the nut 162. As a result, even if the nuts 162 are acted upon in the directions in which they loosen, the nuts 162 are prevented from being disengaged from the bolts 161 by the horizontal pieces 148 to form a detachment prevention structure 160. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5E, the washer plate 1 interposed between the bolt 161 and the nut 162.
Since the long plate 64 can use a long plate along the louver frame 142, the single plate can effectively fix the dimming panel 141 and can be commonly used for a plurality of bolts 161. Also,
It is also possible to provide a hexagonal hole (recess) for the wrench on the head of the bolt 161 as well as the bolt 166, and make a small hole in the lower surface frame 150 that is in contact with the hex hole so as to enable refastening.

FIG. 6 relates to another form of the disengagement prevention structure.
FIG. 11A shows a structure 1 for preventing the structure 165 from coming off.
70 is shown. The upper member 171 in the figure has a pair of left and right opposed ribs 172 having an L-shaped cross section along the left end thereof, and as shown in FIG. It is an extruded shape member made of an aluminum alloy that forms the portion 174 over the entire length. Further, the lower member 175 in the figure is an extruded profile member that forms a channel portion 176 having a U-shaped cross section along the right end thereof, a wide bottom groove 177 and a narrow opening 178 inside the channel portion 176. A plurality of through holes 171a are formed in the center of the bottom surface of the wide bottom groove 173 of the upper member 171 along the longitudinal direction. Also, the channel portion 17 of the lower member 175
6, a small hole 179 is similarly formed.

First, a plurality of nuts 186 are housed in the wide bottom groove 173 of the upper member 171 and are set at positions communicating with the through holes 171a. At this time, the nut 186 cannot be rotated. Next, the bolt 180 is screwed into the nut 186 from below through the through hole 171 a, and the tip is positioned in the opening 174. At this time, the head 182 of the bolt 180 is separated from the upper member 171. A hexagonal hole (recess) 1 for inserting a wrench is
84 are provided. Further, the lower member 17 is attached to the bolt 180 hanging from the upper member 171 in the front-rear direction shown in FIG.
5 is slid so that the head 182 of the bolt 180 is received in the wide bottom groove 177. Finally, the wide bottom groove 17
7, a wrench (not shown) is inserted through the small hole 179 of the lower member 175 into the concave hexagonal hole 184 of the bolt head 182 housed in the bolt head 182, and the bolt head 182 is rotated.
And the nut 186 are fastened. In addition, both members 171, 175
Are not separated from each other in advance by means not shown.

According to the disengagement prevention structure 170, the head 182 and the nut 186 of the bolt 180 are accommodated in the wide bottom concave grooves 177 and 173, respectively, with a small gap therebetween. Since the screw margin between the nut 180 and the nut 186 is shorter, even if a force is applied to the bolt 180 or the like in a direction in which the screw is loosened due to vibration or the like, the bolt 180 and the nut 186 can be reliably prevented from coming off. In addition, in the present structure 170, since the bolt 180 and the nut 186 are almost covered by the two members 171, 175, they can be protected from inadvertent external force, and this is preferable from the viewpoint of design. Further, it is easy to refasten the bolt 180 that has begun to loosen through the small hole 179 for the wrench, and it is also possible to perform maintenance work efficiently.

FIG. 6C shows an example of use of the above-mentioned detachment prevention structure 170. For example, a bone member 190 having a substantially H-shaped cross section that constitutes the body of a railway vehicle has a wide flange 190b at the upper end of a web 190a, and channel portions 192 having a U-shaped cross section are provided symmetrically on both sides of a lower flange 191. It is formed of an extruded aluminum alloy material in which a wide groove 193 and a narrow opening 194 are integrally formed along the longitudinal direction. A small hole 195 is provided at the center of the bottom of each wide bottom groove 193.
Are drilled along the longitudinal direction. The panel 196 is fixed between the bone members 190 arranged in parallel with each other. This panel 196 has a core material 1 between a pair of surface plates 198.
It has a sandwich structure sandwiching 99, around which a frame member 200 is integrally arranged.

The frame member 200 includes a frame piece 201 that covers the side surface of the panel 196, a flange 202 that extends horizontally outward from the lower end thereof, and a pair of inverted L-shaped cross sections that stand upright on the upper surface of the flange 202. Is formed of an extruded aluminum alloy member having the rib 204 of the entire length in the longitudinal direction.
A wide-bottom concave groove 206 and a narrow opening 208 above the concave groove 206 are formed between the pair of ribs 204. First, a plurality of nuts 216 are accommodated in the wide bottom concave groove 206 of the frame member 200, and are set at positions communicating with a through hole (not shown) formed in the center of the bottom surface of the wide wide concave groove 206. Next, the bolt 210 is inserted from below through the through hole into the nut 21.
6 and screw the head 212 of the bolt 210 to the flange 202
It is set to a position slightly further away.

Further, the panel 196 on which the bolt 210 is set is slid along the longitudinal direction of the bone member 190 so that the head 212 of the bolt 210 is received in the wide bottom groove 193 so that the flange 191 can be accommodated. Panel 19 on top
The flange 202 of the frame member 200 of No. 6 is placed. At this time, a small hole 195 of the bone member 190 is provided below each bolt 210.
To be located. Finally, the small hole 1 of the bone member 190
95 through a wrench (not shown)
When the bolt 210 and the nut 216 are inserted into the hex hole (recessed portion) 214 and rotated, the bolt 210 and the nut 216 are fastened, and the same disengagement prevention structure 170 as in FIG. 6A can be configured. Since the leading edge of the flange 190b of the bone member 190 is located near the upper end of the frame piece 201 of the panel 196, the bone member 19
The separation of the bolt 210 from the frame member 200 is restricted, and the bolt 210 is prevented from coming off.

According to this, the bolt 210 and the nut 21
Even if 6 receives long-term vibration, they will not
Since they are accommodated in the 93 and 206 with a slight gap, even if a force acts in the direction in which the screws are loosened, they do not come off from each other, and the panel 196 can be prevented from falling off. Further, at the time of the periodic inspection, re-fastening can be easily performed by using a wrench as described above, and the workability of maintenance is also improved. In addition, this structure 170 can be applied to a fixing portion with another bone member that connects the bone members 190 at right angles instead of the panel 196, and a fixing portion with a component fixed to one bone member. It is possible.

The pair of members to which the bolts are fixed in the present invention include those in which one or more other members or parts are sandwiched between the two members as shown in FIG. 5 (C). Bolts and nuts are made of aluminum alloy (JIS A6061-T
6, A2024-T4), high-strength bolts, stainless steel, titanium alloy or the like can also be used. Further, the extruded members and the strength members such as the bone members shown in FIG. 6C include, for example, JIS A6063-T5 or T6, A6N01-T5 or T6,
An aluminum alloy such as A7003-T5, A7N01-T5 or T6 is used. In addition, the application of the present invention is not limited to road-related facilities and vehicles, but also includes bolt fixing parts in the main body or inside of a generator, a prime mover, an air conditioning device, a ship, an aircraft, or the like.

[0047]

According to the present invention described above,
Even if a bolt fixing the pair of members receives a force in a direction in which the bolt is loosened due to vibration or the like, it can be reliably prevented from coming off. According to the second, third and sixth aspects of the present invention, the bolt and the nut can be securely prevented from being loosened, so that the bolt and the nut can be designed so as not to be exposed to the outside. Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 7, even if the bolt is loosened, the bolt can be easily re-fastened, and the maintenance work can be reliably performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1A and 1B are partial cross-sectional views each showing a form of a structure for preventing a bolt from coming off.

2A is a perspective view of a light reducing unit assembled by applying the present invention, FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 2A, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view showing a part of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 (B) showing a different form of a detachment prevention structure.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are partial cross-sectional views each showing still another form of a detachment prevention structure.

5A is a perspective view of another light reducing unit assembled by applying the present invention, FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 5A, and FIG.
(B) is an enlarged view of a portion C indicated by a dashed line, (D) is a partially enlarged view of (C), and (E) is a perspective view of (C).

6 (A) and 6 (B) are a partial sectional view and a perspective view showing another form of a detachment prevention structure, and FIG. 6 (C) is a partial sectional view showing a structural example to which this is applied.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 20, 74, 100, 160, 165, 170: detachment prevention structure 2, 21, 101, 171: outer / upper member (member) 3. …………………………………
(Separation restricting means) 6, 26, 110, 175 Middle / lower member (member) 16, 36, 72, 90, 128 ……………………… Stop plate 18, 38, 56, 70, 120, 161, 166, 180, 210 Bolt 19, 39, 58, 71, 124, 182, 212 Bolt head 42 .................. ............ frame
(Members) 50, 80 ………………………… Mounting frame
(Member) 62 louver frame (member, third member) 106, 173, 177, 193, 206 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. Groove 126, 162, 168, 186, 216 ... Nut 125, 184, 214 ... Hexagonal hole
(Recess for inserting a wrench) 129, 146a, 179, 195 Small hole 144 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(Member) 150 ……………………………… Bottom frame
(Member) 190 Bone member 190b Flange (separation restricting means) 200 …………………………………… Frame member S ……………………………………………… Gap L ……… ………………………………………

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] May 26, 1997

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claim 2

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0007

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Further, a pair of members which are used in an environment where a screw is loosened due to vibration or the like and whose movement in a direction away from each other is regulated, and a bolt which penetrates through holes of the pair of members. And a nut screwed into the nut. The nut is non-rotatably accommodated in a wide bottom groove formed in one of the pair of members. Also included is a bolt preventing structure in which a stopper plate or a third member is provided which is closer to the head at a shorter distance. Accordingly, even if a through hole is formed in the pair of members instead of the screw hole, the bolt and the nut can be easily fastened, and both the bolt and the nut can be prevented from coming off.

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0028

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Further, through holes 10 communicating with each other are formed in the bottom surfaces of the concave grooves 106 and 116 of the outer / middle members 101 and 110, respectively.
9, 119 are drilled. The left and right outer members 101 are fixed in advance by means (not shown). In order to fix the middle member 110 between these, first, the outer member 10
A hexagon nut 126 is inserted into one of the concave grooves 106 from an end in the longitudinal direction, and is set at a position where the through holes 109 and 119 and a screw hole (not shown) of the hexagon nut 126 communicate with each other. As shown in the figure, the nut 126 has two upper and lower opposing sides close to both side walls of the concave groove 106.
In 06, it is accommodated so that it cannot rotate.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0037

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

That is, in the detachment prevention structure 165, the bolt 1
Even if a force in the loosening direction acts on the bolt 66, the position of the bolt head and the nut 168 is regulated by the wide bottom groove 145 and the like, so that both the bolt 166 and the nut 168 are prevented from loosening each other. In addition, since the upper frame 144 is fixed as described above, and the lower frame 150 is also sandwiched between the support bracket 134 and the sealant W, the movement of these members in the direction away from each other is restricted. In addition, the nut 168 is inserted into the wide bottom groove 1.
It is housed in a non-rotatable manner in 45 to make it difficult to loosen.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A pair of members which are used in an environment in which a screw is loosened due to vibration or the like and whose movement in a direction away from each other is regulated, and a bolt which connects these members, at least one of which is a screw Disengagement of a bolt characterized in that a stopper plate or a third member is disposed adjacent to a bolt head of a bolt penetrating and fixing a pair of members having holes at a shorter distance than a screw allowance of the bolt. Prevention structure. 2. A pair of members which are used in an environment in which a force in a direction in which a screw is loosened due to vibration or the like is applied and whose movement in a direction away from each other is regulated, and a bolt which penetrates through holes of the pair of members. And a nut screwed into the nut. The nut is non-rotatably received in a wide bottom groove formed in one of the pair of members. A detachment prevention structure for a bolt, comprising a disengagement stopper plate or a third member which is closer to the unit than a shorter distance. 3. A pair of members which are used in an environment where a screw is loosened due to vibration or the like and whose movement in a direction away from each other is regulated, a bolt penetrating the pair of members, and a screw A nut having a mating nut, the bolt head of the bolt being housed in a wide bottom groove provided in one member, and being closer to the bolt end of the nut by a distance shorter than the screw allowance of the nut. The structure for preventing a bolt from coming off, wherein the member or the third member is disposed. 4. The bolt disengagement according to claim 1, wherein the stopper plate or the third member is a long plate or a long member adjacent to each of the plurality of bolt heads. Prevention structure. 5. The bolt prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein the stopper plate or the third member contacts a bolt head or a bolt tip. 6. A pair of members which are used in an environment in which a force in a direction in which a screw is loosened due to vibration or the like is applied and whose movement in a direction away from each other is regulated, and a bolt and a nut connecting these members, The bolt heads and nuts of the bolts that penetrate and fix the members are housed in the wide-bottom grooves provided in the pair of members, respectively, and the gaps in the bolt heads and nuts and the wide-bottom grooves are the pair of members. A bolt disengagement prevention structure, wherein the distance is shorter than a screw allowance of the bolt in the member. 7. The bolt according to claim 1, wherein a wrench insertion recess facing the small hole of the retaining plate or the wide bottom groove is provided in a bolt head of the bolt. Bolt detachment prevention structure. 8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said pair of members are formed from an extruded section of an aluminum alloy.
3. The structure for preventing a bolt from coming off according to the above.