JPH10253097A - Body heat storage type radiation air conditioning, ventilating, hot water heating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectually produce heat utilizing a high efficiency of a heat pump and store heat in a building proper. SOLUTION: There are provided a first heat exchanger 6 installed on a floor concrete of a house heat insulated with a heat insulating material 1 and a heat pump unit 5 connected with the first heat exchanger 6. Cold water or warm water produced in the heat pump unit 5 is supplied whereby the floor concrete 2 of a house is kept at a temperature suitable for air conditioning and indoor environment with radiation created. Heat is stored in a house proper with a high efficiency using a high efficiency of the heat pump. Because of utilization of the house proper heat storage there is no need of preparing a heat pump capacity or a heat exchanger corresponding to a maximum load in the day time. Further, since a power supply is obtained from electric power at night, averaging of a load of electric power is realized.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a radiant cooling / heating / ventilating / hot-water supply apparatus for storing heat in a building, and more particularly to radiating cooling / heating by storing energy of cooling / heating in floor concrete which is a part of a building skeleton using electric power at night. At the same time, it is possible to exchange heat with fresh air from the outside so that it can be used for cooling and heating, and it can store waste heat generated in the cooling process as hot water for hot water supply for hot water supply.・
It relates to ventilation and hot water supply equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional air conditioners are mainly air conditioners using air as a medium, and those using radiation are usually limited to heating applications such as floor heating. A heat source used for radiant heating is mainly a heat generating heater or a hot water boiler. As a technique for using heat storage for cooling and heating, there has conventionally been a technique using water, a latent heat storage material, ice, and the like, and all require a space for storing the heat storage material other than in a building.
On the other hand, a ventilation device for introducing fresh air into a building is conventionally provided alone or as a central type air conditioner integrated with a cooling and heating device, and is used for ventilation as such. . In addition, although a technology of recovering exhaust heat generated during cooling by a heat pump to generate hot water for hot water supply is known, the cooling and heating device is realized by combining with a wall-mounted or floor-mounted air conditioner.

[0003]

However, in such a conventional cooling and heating apparatus, a heating heater or a hot water boiler used for radiant heating is mainly used. Not reachable. Further, as described above, in the heat storage technology using water, latent heat storage material, ice, or the like, a space for storing the heat storage material is required other than in a building. Furthermore, none of the ventilators provided alone or as a central type air conditioner integrated with a cooling and heating device are combined with radiant heating, and thus cannot be said to be sufficient in application or general use.

[0004] Further, there has not yet been proposed a technology for performing radiation cooling and heating of a building heat storage type by collecting exhaust heat generated during cooling by a heat pump by being integrated with a building body.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage type capable of efficiently generating heat using the high efficiency of a heat pump and storing heat in a building structure. An object of the present invention is to provide a radiant cooling / heating / ventilating / hot-water supply device.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cooling / heating / ventilating / hot-water supply device that efficiently generates heat by using the high efficiency of a heat pump and stores the heat in a building frame. The main point is that the heat storage system is capable of cooling and heating by radiation. The power supply for this purpose realizes the leveling of the power load by obtaining the nighttime power. Further, waste heat generated in the process of generating cold heat can be recovered to meet hot water supply demand. There is no need to prepare a heat pump capacity or a heat exchanger corresponding to the maximum daytime load because of utilizing the frame heat storage. Radiation cooling and heating using a building frame is added to central air conditioning using a heat exchange type ventilation fan. There is no indoor unit for cooling and heating in the room, and the indoor use efficiency and aesthetics can be improved.

The radiant cooling / heating / ventilating / hot-water supply device of the present invention performs a heat storage operation, a ventilation / air conditioning operation, and a cooling / exhaust heat recovery operation. Each operation is performed as follows: (1) Heat storage operation (a) The heat pump unit is operated to supply hot or cold water to the heat exchanger in the unit installed on the building floor. (B) The heat exchanger in the unit installed on the floor gives warm or cold water heat to the air in the unit, and the fan installed in the unit sends hot or cold air to the duct embedded in the floor concrete. Supply. (C) The air in the duct gives the heat heated or cooled by the unit to the floor concrete, deprives the heat and returns, but when it returns to the unit, it is heated or cooled again by the heat exchanger. , Is sent into the duct by a fan.
By repeating this, heat is stored in the floor concrete to reach a temperature suitable for heating or cooling. (D) The stored floor concrete releases heat into the room by radiation immediately after the operation of the heat pump is stopped, and keeps the room in a comfortable state.

(2) Ventilation / air-conditioning operation (a) Ventilation by a duct and a heat exchange type ventilation fan for constantly supplying the minimum necessary fresh air. (B) When cooling or heating due to floor radiation is insufficient, such as in a severely cold or hot summer season, heat or cold water is supplied from a heat pump to a heat exchanger integrated with a heat exchange type ventilation fan, and heat or cold is supplied to the ventilation air to provide ducts. Each room in the building is air-conditioned.

(3) Cooling waste heat recovery operation (a) During cooling operation, heat released from the heat radiator of the outdoor unit of the heat pump is supplied to make-up water brought only for hot water supply separately from circulating water used for cooling and heating in the outdoor unit. To produce hot water. (B) The produced hot water is stored in hot water tanks and used as needed in response to hot water demand in the building.

[0010] With this structure, cooling and heating can be performed by stable radiation from the floor using inexpensive electric power at night. Radiation cooling and heating do not use air as a medium, so they have high energy efficiency, and can maintain a comfortable indoor environment during the day only by performing minimum necessary ventilation. Therefore, the energy saving effect is high. Further, the exhaust heat generated in the cooling process is not released to the surroundings, and the energy saving effect of being recovered as hot water can be exhibited.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is directed to a cooling / heating / ventilation / hot-water supply apparatus, comprising: a first heat exchanger installed on a floor concrete of a building insulated with a heat insulating material; And a heat pump unit connected to the heat exchanger of (1), which is a radiant heat storage type device,
The cooling water or the hot water generated by the heat pump unit is supplied, thereby maintaining the floor concrete of the building at a temperature suitable for cooling and heating, thereby creating an indoor environment by radiation.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the radiant cooling / heating / ventilating / hot water supply apparatus of the first aspect, wherein the cold water or the hot water generated by the heat pump unit is converted into another second heat exchanger. And a heat exchange type ventilation fan combined therewith to convert the air into cold and hot air, and supply it to the room by a ventilation duct, thereby assisting the radiant cooling and heating from the floor concrete and fresh inside the room. It has the effect that air can be taken in.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the radiant cooling / heating / ventilating / hot water supply apparatus according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the heat pump unit is used to generate cooling water for cooling during cooling. The hot water for hot water supply is generated by the heat pump unit and stored in the hot water storage tank during periods other than cooling. This has the effect of recovering the waste heat generated and responding to the hot water supply demand.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example in which a radiator cooling / heating / ventilating / hot-water supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as “heating / heating. Ventilation / hot-water supply device”) is applied to a general house. It is. In FIG.
Is a building of a detached house, a heat insulating material 1 is laid under the floor of this building A, and a floor concrete 2 constituting a floor of the first floor is cast thereon. The first floor is constructed as a heat storage body as earth concrete, and a buried duct 3 is arranged in the floor concrete 2. The building A is a two-story building, and a ventilation duct 4 is provided at a part behind the ceiling on the second floor, and extends from the ceiling side to the first floor part A1 and the second floor part A2 of the building A, respectively. The cooling / heating / ventilation / hot-water supply apparatus according to this embodiment is installed in a heat pump unit 5 incorporating a compressor that compresses a vaporized refrigerant to a high temperature and installed in an intermediate portion of the embedded duct 3. Become an evaporator, fan for air blowing (not shown)
And a heat storage heat exchanger 6 as a first heat exchanger constituting the heat storage unit 10 and a second heat exchanger which is installed on the ceiling of the building A and exchanges air heat to supply warm air or cold air to the room. It has a blower heat exchanger 7 as an exchanger, a heat exchange type ventilation fan 8 incorporating the blower heat exchanger 7, and a hot water supply coil (not shown) as a hot water supply heat exchanger, and is connected to the heat pump unit 5. And a hot water storage tank 9 for producing hot water from the high-temperature refrigerant sent from the heat pump unit 5 and storing the hot water.
The heat exchange type ventilation fan 8 is connected to the air duct 4 and sends warm air or cold air into the air duct by a fan operation. The hot water supply coil is connected to a water supply pipe connected to a household water tap or the like, and the water supply pipe circulates through the hot water supply coil. The hot water storage tank 9 is provided with an electric water heater and has a function of heating hot water using nighttime electric power. Further, since the floor concrete 2 is configured as a heat storage body, it is preferable to take measures such as using concrete having a large heat capacity or mixing a material having a large heat capacity into the concrete.

The operation of the cooling / heating / ventilating / hot-water supply device having such a configuration will be described. As described above, the cooling / heating / ventilating / hot-water supply device of the present invention is configured to perform the heat storage operation, the ventilation / air-conditioning operation, and the cooling / exhaust heat recovery operation. Therefore, each of the above operations will be described.

(1) Heat storage operation In this operation, first, the heat pump unit 5 is operated to supply hot or cold water to the heat storage heat exchanger 6 in the heat storage unit 10 installed on the floor concrete 2 of the building A. Next, heat of hot water or cold water is given to the air in the embedded duct 3 by the heat storage heat exchanger 6 in the heat storage unit 10 installed in the floor concrete 2, and the fan installed in the heat storage unit 10 Hot air or cold air is supplied to the buried duct 3 in the inside 2. Thereby, the air in the buried duct 3 gives the heat heated or cooled by the heat storage unit 10 to the floor concrete 2,
Heat is deprived and returns, but when returning to the heat storage unit 10, it is heated or cooled again by the heat storage heat exchanger 6,
It is sent into the embedded duct 3 by a fan. By repeating this, heat is stored in the floor concrete 2 to reach a temperature suitable for heating or cooling. Dissipation (or radiation) of heat from the floor concrete 2 into the ground is blocked by the thermal insulation 1. The stored floor concrete 2 emits heat into the room of the building A by radiation immediately after the operation of the heat pump unit 5 stops, thereby keeping the room in a comfortable state.

(2) Ventilation / Air-conditioning operation In this operation, first, a heat exchange type ventilation fan 8 for constantly supplying a minimum necessary fresh air and a ventilation duct 4 are used to blow air. This ventilation / air-conditioning operation supplies hot water or cold water from the heat pump unit 5 to the blower heat exchanger 7 integrated with the heat exchange type ventilation fan 8 when cooling and heating due to floor radiation is insufficient, such as in a severe cold season or a very hot season. Hot or cold heat is applied to the ventilation air to air-condition each of the rooms A1 and A2 in the building A through the ventilation duct 4.

(3) Cooling Exhaust Heat Recovery Operation In this operation, first, the heat released from the radiator of the heat pump outdoor unit during the cooling operation is passed through the hot water supply coil separately from the circulating water used for cooling and heating in the outdoor unit. The hot water is produced by supplying it to makeup water brought exclusively for hot water supply. The manufactured hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 9 and used according to the hot water supply demand in the building A as needed.

[0019] With such a structure, it is possible to perform cooling and heating by stable radiation from the floor using inexpensive electric power at night. Radiation cooling and heating do not use air as a medium, so they have high energy efficiency, and can maintain a comfortable indoor environment during the day only by performing minimum necessary ventilation. Therefore, the energy saving effect is high. Further, the exhaust heat generated in the cooling process is not released to the surroundings, and the energy saving effect of being recovered as hot water can be exhibited.

The first mode of use of the cooling / heating / ventilating / hot-water supply apparatus of the present invention is as follows. The first floor of a detached house is made into a heat storage body as soil concrete, and a buried duct for heat storage is provided in the floor. 3 and a heat storage heat exchanger 6, a heat exchange type ventilation fan 8, a blower heat exchanger 7, and a blower duct 4 are provided on the ceiling of the room, and these devices are connected to the outdoor heat pump unit 5 and are electrically connected. A device provided with a hot water storage tank 9 combined with a water heater can be realized.

As a second mode of use of the cooling / heating / ventilating / hot-water supply apparatus of the present invention, heat insulation is provided under the floor of the dwelling unit of the apartment, the floor concrete 2 is used as a heat storage body, and the embedded duct 3 and the heat storage heat exchanger 6 are used. On the other hand, a heat exchange ventilator 8, a heat exchanger 7 for blowing air, and a blowing duct 4 are provided on the ceiling of the room, and these devices are connected to the outdoor heat pump unit 5 and combined with an electric water heater. 9 is feasible.

A third mode of use of the cooling / heating / ventilating / hot-water supply apparatus of the present invention is a small- or medium-sized building in which an ice heat storage tank could not be installed outside due to space or load.
The floor of the store is used as a heat storage body, and the buried duct 3 and the heat storage heat exchanger 6 are installed. On the other hand, a heat exchange type ventilation fan 8, a blower heat exchanger 7, and a blow duct 4 are provided on the indoor ceiling. It is feasible to connect the equipment to the outdoor heat pump unit 5 and provide a hot water tank 9 combined with an electric water heater.

A fourth mode of use of the cooling / heating / ventilating / hot-water supply apparatus of the present invention is as follows: in hospitals and nursing homes accommodating the elderly, where discomfort due to air is often pointed out.
In order to realize a soft indoor environment mainly using radiant heating, the building floor is used as a heat storage unit, and the embedded duct 3 and the heat storage heat exchanger 6 are installed. It is feasible to provide a heat exchanger 7 for use and a ventilation duct 4, connect these devices to the outdoor heat pump unit 5, and provide a hot water storage tank 9 combined with an electric water heater.

[0024]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The heat pump unit includes a first heat exchanger installed on floor concrete of a building insulated with a heat insulating material, and a heat pump unit connected to the first heat exchanger, and supplies cold water or hot water generated by the heat pump unit. In this way, the floor concrete of the building is kept at a temperature suitable for cooling and heating, and the indoor environment is created by radiation, so the heat is efficiently generated using the high efficiency of the heat pump, and the heat is efficiently transferred to the building frame. Can be stored. In addition, since the skeleton heat storage is used, there is no need to prepare a heat pump capacity or a heat exchanger corresponding to the maximum load in daytime.

Further, by converting the cold water or hot water generated by the heat pump unit into cold / hot air using another second heat exchanger and a heat exchange type ventilation fan combined therewith, and supplying it to the room through a ventilation duct, Radiation cooling and heating from the floor concrete is supported and fresh air is introduced into the room, so that central air conditioning using a heat exchange type ventilation fan can be added to the radiation cooling and heating using the building frame, and the indoor unit for cooling and heating in the room Does not exist, and the indoor use efficiency and aesthetic appearance can be improved.

Further, during cooling, the exhaust heat generated from the heat pump unit when generating cooling water for cooling is recovered to generate hot water used for hot water supply, and during periods other than cooling, the heat pump unit directly supplies hot water for use. Since hot water is generated and stored in the hot water storage tank, waste heat generated in the process of generating cold heat can be recovered to meet hot water supply demand.

In any of the above cases, the power source can be obtained as nighttime power, so that the power load can be leveled.

Actually, as the energy consumption of the cooling and heating increases, the load factor of the power continues to deteriorate, and the supply of the power is becoming tight. Against this background, the leveling of power use is a national issue. On the other hand, the comfort orientation of consumers has been increasing year by year, and complaints about air-conditioning and heating have been strongly expressed, and floor heating tends to be strongly oriented. From this point of view, the need for cooling and heating by radiation and the response to it have been issues on the building side. The device can alleviate these two problems, and can cool and heat the entire floor at a low operating cost, which has been difficult to realize in terms of both technology and cost. High quality comfort can be realized as an environment.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a radiant cooling / heating / ventilating / hot-water supply device of a heat storage type according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Building 1 Insulation material 2 Floor concrete 3 Embedded duct 4 Blast duct 5 Heat pump unit 6 Heat storage heat exchanger 7 Heat exchange heat exchanger 8 Heat exchange type ventilation fan 9 Hot water storage tank 10 Heat storage unit

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshio Kawamura 5-8-9, Umagonto, Urawa-shi, Saitama In-house Aqua Cooling Research Laboratory Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Nakagawa Nakasatodai, Minamibikisho, Yokohama, Kanagawa No. 42-7 Suncourt Nakazatodai 107 Nikkonai Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A first heat exchanger installed on floor concrete of a building insulated with a heat insulating material, and a heat pump unit connected to the first heat exchanger, wherein cold water or heat generated by the heat pump unit is provided. A radiant cooling / heating / ventilating / hot-water supply system with a thermal storage system, which supplies hot water to maintain the floor concrete of a building at a temperature suitable for cooling and heating, thereby creating an indoor environment by radiation. 2. Converting cold water or hot water generated by the heat pump unit into cold / hot air using another second heat exchanger and a heat exchange type ventilation fan combined therewith, and supplying the cold / hot air to the room through a ventilation duct. And radiant cooling and heating from the floor concrete, and taking in fresh air into the room.
A radiant cooling / heating / ventilating / hot-water supply device with a skeleton heat storage type as described. 3. During cooling, waste heat generated from a heat pump unit when cooling water for cooling is generated to generate hot water used for hot water supply, and hot water is directly supplied by the heat pump unit at times other than the cooling operation. 3. The radiant cooling / heating / ventilating / hot water supply device according to claim 1, wherein hot water for use is generated and stored in a hot water storage tank.