JPH1019218A - Vertical thermal decomposition reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vertical thermal decomposition reactor which exhibits an excellent heat transfer efficiency, enables a smooth operation thus enhancing its processing ability, reduces a space for its installation, and enables a compact construction thereof. SOLUTION: A vertical thermal decomposition reactor comprises a heater 27 which is made of a helical face 28 for moving a waste (a) from the upper portion to the lower portion in sequence and a heating medium passage 29 which is provided along the helical face 28 so as to flow the heated air (i) for heating and thermally decomposing the waste (a) by way of the helical face 28, vibrating means for moving the waste (a) along the helical face 28 by vibrating the heater 27 and heated medium supply means for supplying the heated air (i) into the heating medium passage 29 of the heater 27. The heating medium supply means can supply the heated air (i) into the heating medium passage 29 of the heater 27 by way of a plurality of portions, while an upper and intermediate exhaust openings 5, 6 are formed in the upper and intermediate portions of the heater 27 for discharging the thermally decomposed gases G1 , G' respectively.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical pyrolysis reactor in which a substance to be thermally decomposed is charged from above and thermally decomposed by heating with a heating medium, particularly waste (such as municipal solid waste from homes and offices). Of general waste, waste plastic, car shredder dust, waste office equipment, electronic equipment, industrial waste such as chemical products, and other combustible materials) by heating with a heating medium. The present invention relates to a thermal cracking reactor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional pyrolysis reaction furnace, for example, a horizontal pyrolysis reaction furnace 100 as shown in FIG.
-49816). Hopper 1 of pyrolysis reactor 100
The waste 107 charged in the reactor 01 is sent to the screw feeder 103, and is sent into the main body 104 of the thermal decomposition reaction furnace by the screw feeder 103. Furthermore,
The waste 107 is heated by a heating pipe 105 through which a heating medium 108 as a heating medium passes in the main body 104 and thermally decomposed to generate a pyrolysis gas 109 and a pyrolysis residue 110 mainly composed of a non-volatile component. A pyrolysis gas 109 is discharged from an upper portion of the device 106, and a pyrolysis residue 110 is discharged from a lower portion of the separation device 106.

[0003]

However, the conventional horizontal pyrolysis reactor 100 is not compatible with the screw feeder 10.
Since the main body 3 and the main body 104 are arranged in the horizontal direction, a large installation space is required, and an extra installation area is required for mass processing. Further, since the waste 107 is heated by the heating tube 105 in the main body 104, the waste or the pyrolysis residue adheres to the heating tube 105 itself, remains between the heating tubes 105, and is discarded. Thing 10
Heat was not sufficiently transmitted to No. 7, and the heat transfer efficiency might be deteriorated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, to obtain a sufficient heat transfer area and to have a good heat transfer efficiency.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a vertical pyrolysis reactor and a waste treatment apparatus capable of smoothly operating a pyrolysis reactor, improving the processing capacity, reducing the installation space, and reducing the size of the apparatus.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a method for thermally decomposing a substance to be thermally decomposed, which is introduced from above, thermally decomposed by heating with a heating medium, and comprises a pyrolysis gas and mainly non-volatile components. In a vertical pyrolysis reactor for producing a residue, a spiral surface is provided spirally around a vertical axis, and the thermal decomposition product sequentially moves from the upper part to the lower part, and has a spiral surface. A helical heating body having a heating medium channel along the helical surface through which a heat medium to be thermally decomposed and a heat medium to be thermally decomposed circulates, and the helical heating body is oscillated to convert the heat decomposition product into The apparatus has a swinging means for moving along a spiral surface and a heating medium supply means for supplying the heating medium to the heating medium flow path of the spiral heating element.

A helical heating element having a helical surface and a heat medium flow path along the helical surface, oscillating means for oscillating the helical heating element, and a heat medium for supplying a heat medium to the heat medium flow path In the apparatus provided with the supply means, the thermally decomposed substance supplied to the upper spiral surface moves smoothly on the spiral surface which is oscillated by the oscillating device without being sequentially attached or caught. The heat medium supplied with the heat medium by the heat medium supply means to the heat medium flow path provided along the spiral surface heats the thermally decomposed material through the spiral surface to thermally decompose, and the generated pyrolysis residue Is discharged from the lower part of the vertical pyrolysis reactor. As a result, in this vertical pyrolysis reactor, the installation space can be reduced, mass processing and downsizing of the apparatus can be achieved, and the thermal decomposition efficiency is good because the thermal decomposition products come into direct contact with all the heat transfer surfaces.

Further, in the vertical pyrolysis reaction furnace, at least a helical pitch on an upper side of the helical heating body is adjusted to a lower part of the helical heating body in accordance with a volume reduction due to thermal decomposition of the to-be-decomposed substance. It is formed larger than the helical pitch on the side. In accordance with the volume reduction of the thermal decomposition product, at least the upper helical pitch is formed larger than the lower helical pitch, in addition to the operation of the vertical pyrolysis reaction furnace, further processing of a large amount of equipment and The device can be made compact.

Further, in any of the above vertical pyrolysis reactors, the heat medium flow path of the helical heating element is divided into a plurality of small flow paths for uniformly heating the helical surface. The heat medium flow path of the spiral heating element is divided into a plurality of small flow paths for uniformly heating the spiral surface. And heat is uniformly heated to efficiently perform the thermal decomposition of the thermal decomposition product.

Further, in any of the above-described vertical pyrolysis reactors, the heating medium supply means supplies the heating medium to a heating medium flow path of the spiral heating element. The heating medium supply means for supplying the heating medium to the heating medium flow path of the spiral heating element is provided in addition to the operation of any of the above-described vertical thermal decomposition reaction furnaces, and extends over the entire heating medium flow path of the spiral heating element. To supply a high-temperature heat medium, and in particular, a high-temperature heat medium can also be introduced to the input side of the thermal decomposition product, improve the heat transfer efficiency on the input side of the thermal decomposition product, and stop heating and thermal decomposition. As a result, the processing capacity can be improved or the size can be reduced. Further, when there are a plurality of the heat medium supply means, the processing capacity can be further improved or the size can be reduced.

[0010] Further, in any of the above-mentioned vertical pyrolysis reactors, at least one of the spiral heating element from the top and the bottom.
An outlet for discharging the pyrolysis gas is provided at an intermediate position corresponding to the position of ５ to １ ／. Any of the above-mentioned vertical pyrolysis reactions may be provided with an outlet for discharging pyrolysis gas at least in the middle of the helical heating body and at an intermediate position corresponding to 1/5 to 1/3 from the bottom. In addition to the action of the furnace, of the tar component and other pyrolysis gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the pyrolyzed product, the tar component is quickly discharged from the outlet before cooling and solidifying, and the thermal decomposition Keep the reactor running smoothly.

Further, in any of the above-mentioned vertical pyrolysis reactors, the heating medium supply means accommodates the spiral heating element in a space filled with the heating medium, and includes a heating medium for the spiral heating element. It has a heat medium supply cylinder for supplying the heat medium to the flow path. Heat medium supply means accommodates a spiral heating element in a space filled with a heating medium, and has a heating medium supply cylinder for supplying a heating medium to a heating medium flow path of the spiral heating element,
In addition to the operation of any of the above-described vertical pyrolysis reactors, in addition to heating from the spiral surface, heating can be performed from the outside of the spiral heating body, and a sufficient heat transfer area can be obtained.

[0012] In the above vertical pyrolysis reactor,
The heat medium supply cylinder can house a plurality of the spiral heating elements. The heating medium supply cylinder containing a plurality of spiral heating elements, in addition to the operation of the vertical pyrolysis reactor,
It can be used for large products that process large quantities of pyrolysates.

A vertical pyrolysis reaction furnace in which waste is injected from above and thermally decomposed by heating with a heating medium to generate a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of non-volatile components; A separation device that separates the pyrolysis residue discharged from the decomposition reactor into a combustible component and a non-combustible component,
In a waste treatment apparatus having a combustion furnace for burning the pyrolysis gas and the combustible component, the vertical pyrolysis reactor is a vertical pyrolysis reactor according to any of the above, so that the processing efficiency is improved. Can be improved.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a vertical pyrolysis reactor according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In FIGS. 1 to 13, the same structures and working parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

FIG. 13 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a waste treatment apparatus provided with a pyrolysis reactor according to the present invention. In the waste treatment apparatus 1, the waste a, which is a thermal decomposition product, is, for example, a 150 m
The crushed waste a is introduced into an inlet 20 of a vertical pyrolysis reactor 2 provided in a vertical direction by a conveyor or the like. The waste a input into the input port 20 is supplied to the main body 3 via the feeder 19.

The interior of the vertical pyrolysis reactor 2 of this embodiment is maintained in a low oxygen atmosphere by a sealing mechanism (not shown), and is disposed downstream of a combustion melting furnace 64 which is a combustion furnace. heat medium heated by the heat exchanger, not shown, for example, heated air i is supplied from the line L _1, waste a fed to the main body 3 by the heated air i 300
It is heated to about 600 ° C, usually about 450 ° C. Therefore, the waste a is thermally decomposed to generate pyrolysis gases G ₁ , G ₁ ′ and mainly non-volatile pyrolysis residues b. The pyrolysis gases G ₁ , G ₁ ′ contain hydrogen, methane, ethane, tar and the like.

Further, the pyrolysis gases G ₁ , G ₁ ′ generated in the vertical pyrolysis reactor 2 and the pyrolysis residue b are separated in the main body 3, and the pyrolysis gases G ₁ , G ₁ ′ are separated by a line. It is supplied to the burner 65 of the burning melting furnace 64 via L ₂ and L _5. The pyrolysis residue b varies depending on the type of the waste a, but in the case of municipal solid waste, usually, most of the combustibles are relatively fine granules (10 to 60).
%), Relatively fine ash (5 to 40%), coarse metal component (7 to 50%), coarse rubble, pottery, concrete pieces, etc.
0-60%).

The pyrolysis residue b having such components is 4
Since it is a relatively high temperature of about 50 ° C., it is cooled to about 80 ° C. by a cooling device 66 and supplied to a known single or combined separation device 67 such as a sieve magnetic separation type, an eddy current type, a centrifugal type or a wind separation type. Here, the fine combustible component c (including ash), the coarse metal component d, and the non-combustible waste h are separated, and the metal component d is collected in the container 68 and reused.

[0019] Then, the combustion component c is finely ground in a grinder 69 for example, 1mm or less, is supplied to the burner 65 of the burning melting furnace 64 via line L _3, the heat supplied from the line L ₂ and L ₅ Cracked gas G ₁ , G ₁ ′ and blower 7
0 by being burned in a high temperature range of about 1,300 ° C. with the supplied combustion air e from the line L _4, combustion ash generated at this time is a molten slag f, the combustion melting furnace 64
Attached to the inner wall of the pipe and flows down.

High-temperature exhaust gas G generated in the combustion melting furnace 64
₂ is the heat recovery in the waste heat boiler 75 from the line L ₆ via a heat exchanger (not shown) collecting in the dust 76 is dust, cold clean exhaust gas G ₃ is removed harmful components further exhaust converter 77 As a result, the air is discharged from the chimney 79 to the atmosphere via the induction blower 78. Some of the clean exhaust gas G ₃ are supplied to the cooling device 66 by a line L ₇ via a fan 80. Reference numeral 81 is a generator having a steam turbine.

FIG. 1 is a partially omitted vertical sectional view showing one embodiment of a vertical pyrolysis reaction furnace provided in the waste treatment apparatus 1. The waste a, which is a thermal decomposition product, is injected from the upper part 8 of the main body, is thermally decomposed by heating with the heating air i as the heat medium, and is composed of particulates mainly composed of the pyrolysis gases G ₁ and G ₁ ′ and non-volatile components. A powdery pyrolysis residue b is generated, and the pyrolysis residue b is discharged from the lower portion 10 of the main body.

Further, the vertical pyrolysis reactor 2 has a vertical shaft 26.
And a spiral surface 28 in which the waste a is sequentially moved from the upper portion 8 to the lower portion 10 and the waste air is heated through the spiral surface 28 to distribute the heated air i for thermal decomposition. The heater 27 is a helical heating body having a heat medium flow path 29 to be formed along the helical surface 28. And
A swinging means 38 (described later) for moving the waste a along the spiral surface 28 by causing the heater 27 to swing up and down in the direction of the arrow 42, and heating air i to the heat medium flow path 29 of the heater 27. And a heat medium supply means 44 for supplying the heat medium. The main body 3 of the vertical pyrolysis reactor 2 includes a spring 1 such as a leaf spring or a coil spring provided between the leg 12 and the gantry 15 as shown in FIG.
It is supported to be able to move up and down with 4.

As mentioned above, the waste a
And pushed into the main body 3 via the expansion joint 17 by a feeder 19 such as a screw feeder or a pusher. The expansion joint 17 has an inner cylinder that prevents the inner surface of the expansion joint 17 from being worn by the waste a, and absorbs the vertical movement of the main body 3. The other expansion joints 18, 21, 22 and the expansion joints 49, 50 on the heated air side have the same structure and operation.

Further, the heater 27 is a plate-shaped hollow body and is spirally wound around a header 48 (spiral shooter), and the main body outer plate 4 is attached to the outer periphery of the heater 27. The waste a pushed into the main body 3 moves up and down in the enclosed space formed by the heater 27, the header 48 and the main body outer plate 4 along the spiral surface 28 of the spiral heater 27 by the vertical movement of the reactor main body 3. While moving down. The waste a is heated and thermally decomposed by the heater 27 during this movement, and the pyrolysis gases G ₁ and G ₁ ′ are discharged from the expansion joints 21 and 22 of the upper portion 8 and the intermediate portion 9, respectively. The residue b is discharged from the expansion joint 18 in the lower part 10. The expansion joint 22 is provided mainly for extracting tar, and the pyrolysis gas discharged from the expansion joint 22 is mainly composed of tar and contains a large amount of combustible gas. If the tar content is not extracted from here, it will contaminate or solidify the garbage, which is waste at the top. The filters 23 and 24 indicated by broken lines prevent the waste a or the pyrolysis residue b from entering the gas line.

Further, the helical pitch of the heater 27 is set such that the upper helical pitch 34 on the inlet side of the waste a is larger and the lower helical pitch 35 on the outlet side of the pyrolysis residue is smaller.
As going from the upper side to the lower side, the wastes a are sequentially formed smaller according to the volume reduction (volume reduction rate) due to thermal decomposition. As a result, the apparatus can be made compact.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the swing means provided in FIG. The vertical movement of the main body 3 is performed by a swinging means 38 (cam mechanism), and the main body 3 is attached to the main body 3 via a support post 41 by rotation of a cam 39 provided on a motor shaft 43 of a motor installed on the gantry 15 (not shown). Roller 40 slides and rotates on this, for example,
When the oscillating means 38 is installed at the upper part of the main body 3, the main body 3 of the vertical pyrolysis reactor is pushed down, and when it is installed at the lower part, it is pushed up. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, the main body 3 of the vertical pyrolysis reaction furnace receives a push-up or push-down force from a gantry 15 via a spring 14. For this reason, the cam 3
With the rotation of 9, the whole body 3 moves up and down in the direction of arrow 42. The number of vertical movements can be changed by controlling the number of rotations of the motor, and the vertical amplitude can be changed by changing the cam 39. This makes it possible to change the residence time of the waste a in the thermal decomposition reaction furnace and the degree of stirring and mixing.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the oscillating means similar to that of FIG. 2, (A) is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibration motor, and (B)
1 is a partially omitted vertical cross-sectional view of a vertical pyrolysis reactor having a vibration motor of (A) attached to the top. FIG. 4 shows a main part of the swing means of FIG. 3 (B), and FIG.
FIG. 4B is a view taken along the line III-III of FIG. Eccentric weight 82 attached to the shaft of motor 83
The vibrating motor 84 having such a configuration is attached to the top of the vertical pyrolysis reactor 2 by, for example,
When assembled and rotated in synchronization with each other in the opposite direction,
The left and right forces are canceled, and only the vertical force acts on the vertical pyrolysis reactor 2. These two sets of vibration motors 85
And the spring 14, the vertical pyrolysis reaction furnace 2 can be similarly swung.

FIG. 5 is a partially omitted vertical sectional view of still another vertical pyrolysis reactor similar to FIG. 3 (B). As shown in this figure, if a guide, such as a roller guide 88, for restricting the vertical and horizontal movement of the vertical pyrolysis reactor 2 is provided on the four side surfaces of the vertical pyrolysis reactor 2, the vibration motor 84 can be moved vertically. The same effect can be obtained by installing only one near the center of gravity of the pyrolysis reactor 2.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing still another embodiment of the swing means similar to FIG. This oscillating means uses, for example, a crank mechanism in place of the cam mechanism shown in FIG. 2, and uses a motor shaft 4 of a motor installed on a frame (not shown).
By rotating the rotating body 39a provided in the rotating body 3a, the rotating body 3a is rotated.
The main body 3 of the vertical pyrolysis reactor is pushed down via a connecting rod 40a between the base body 9a and a bracket 41a attached to the main body 3, and when it is installed at the lower part, the whole body 3 is pushed up by an arrow 42. In the direction of. In FIG. 6, other structures and operations are shown in FIG.
It is similar to that of

As other oscillating means, for example, a means for generating air pressure or oil pressure by entering and exiting a fluid by using a piston to oscillate the vertical pyrolysis reactor 2 up and down, and a vibrator using an electromagnet. There is a type in which the vertical pyrolysis reaction furnace 2 is swung up and down. In these swinging means, the spring 1
Of course, 4 is used in combination. Further, a guide 88 for restraining the vertical pyrolysis reaction furnace 2 from moving forward, backward, left and right as necessary.
Those having the same function as described above may be used in combination.

FIG. 7 shows the flow of the heated air i in the heating medium flow path 29 of the heater, and is a sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. The heat medium supply unit 44 of the present embodiment supplies the heated air i to the heat medium flow path 29 of the heater 27 from a plurality of, for example, a plurality of communication pipes 51 provided in three headers 47a, 47b, and 47c. Heated air i is introduced from the expansion joint 50 shown in FIG. 1 to the heat medium flow passage 29 of the heater 27 through the communication pipe 51 from the headers 47a, 47b and 47c as shown in FIG.

FIGS. 8A and 8B are cross-sectional views of the main part of the heater shown in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 8A is a diagram in which two flat plates 30 are provided at predetermined intervals, and FIG. (C) a corrugated plate 32 attached to a flat plate 30,
(D) shows the pipe 32a attached to the flat plate 30. 8 (B), 8 (C) and 8 (D), the heating medium passage 29 of the heater 27 is divided into a plurality of small passages 33 for uniformly heating the spiral surface. (A) also includes a partition plate 90 (shown by a broken line) perpendicular to the flat plate 30 and a plurality of small flow paths 3.
It may be divided into three. The heated air i is based on the above (A),
The heat medium flow path 29 formed by any of (B), (C), and (D) flows upward on the inlet side of the waste a and enters the header 48 immediately before the next connecting pipe 51. The heat medium flow path 29 of the heater 27 is formed in a zigzag, spiral, or the like so as to secure a required flow rate of the heat medium and uniformly heat the waste a via the spiral surface 28.

The vertical pyrolysis reactor 2 according to the present embodiment having the above structure operates as follows. That is, the spiral surface 28
And a heater 27 having a heat medium passage 29 along the spiral surface 28, and a swinging means 38 for swinging the heater 27
And a heating medium supply means 44 for supplying the heating air i to the heating medium flow path 29. The helical surface on which the waste a put on the upper surface of the helical surface 28 oscillates by the oscillating means 38 2
8 smoothly moves down without staying. The heating air i supplied by the heat medium supply means 44 to the heat medium flow path 29 provided along the spiral surface 28
The waste a is heated and thermally decomposed via the heat treatment, and the generated pyrolysis residue b is discharged from the lower part of the vertical pyrolysis reactor 2. As a result, the vertical pyrolysis reactor 2 can save installation space, achieve large-scale processing and downsize the apparatus, and have good heat transfer efficiency because the waste a is in direct contact with all heat transfer surfaces. Easy maintenance.

Further, in accordance with the volume reduction of the waste a, at least the upper spiral pitch 34 is formed to be larger than the lower spiral pitch 35, and the smaller the spiral pitch is, the lower the spiral pitch becomes. Mass processing of the device and downsizing of the device can be achieved. Further, a plurality of small flow paths 3 for heating the spiral surface 28 uniformly by the heat medium flow path 29 of the heater 27
In the case of dividing into three, the spiral surface 28 is uniformly heated over the whole, and the thermal decomposition of the waste a is efficiently performed. The heating medium supply means 44 is connected to the heating medium passage 29 of the heater 27 from a plurality of locations.
Can supply high-temperature heating air i to the entire heating medium flow path 29 of the heater 27, and particularly supply high-temperature heating air also to the input side of the waste a. As a result, the heat transfer efficiency on the input side of the waste a is improved, heating and thermal decomposition are stopped, and as a result, the processing capacity can be improved or the size can be reduced.

The heaters 27 provided with the outlets 5 and 6 for discharging the pyrolysis gases G ₁ and G ₁ ′ at least at positions corresponding to the upper portion 8 and the intermediate portion 9 are provided with the waste a which is thermally decomposed. Thus, the tar component of the generated tar component and other pyrolysis gas is quickly discharged from a nearby outlet before being cooled and solidified, and the smooth operation of the pyrolysis reactor is continued.

FIG. 9 is a partially omitted longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the vertical pyrolysis reactor according to the present invention. The heating medium supply means 44 of the vertical pyrolysis reactor 2 has a heating medium supply cylinder 46 of a jacket type, and supplies a heating medium, for example, heating air i from a nozzle 54 to fill a space 45 filled with the heating air i.
The heater 27 is accommodated in the heater 27, and heated air i is supplied to the heat medium flow path 29 of the heater 27 from a plurality of locations of the heater 27.

Further, the main body 3 of the vertical pyrolysis reactor is
It is supported so as to be able to move up and down by a spring 14 such as a leaf spring or a coil spring provided between the base 2 and the foundation 58. On the other hand, the jacket type heating medium supply cylinder 46 is
And is supported by the gantry 15. The main body 3 and the heat medium supply cylinder 46 are formed to be slidable while the leakage of the heated air i is sealed by upper and lower seal portions 57. Nozzle 7 for discharging pyrolysis gas G ₁ ′ in intermediate portion 9 of main body 3
Flexible joint 5 between
5 allows the relative movement between the main body 3 and the heat medium supply cylinder 46.

FIG. 10 shows the flow of the heated air i in the heater heating medium flow path 29 of FIG. 9, and is a sectional view taken along line IV-IIV of FIG.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 10 and 11, the heating air i in the space 45 of the heating medium supply cylinder 46 is shown.
Are the heating air inlets 56a, 56b, 56 of the heater 27.
c, flows into the heat medium flow path 29 and uniformly heats the spiral surface 28, and then immediately before the heated air inflow port, the header 4
Flow into 8. The heat medium flow path 29 is divided into small flow paths 33 so that the spiral surface 28 can be uniformly heated. The heated air i flowing into the header 48 is discharged through the expansion joint 49.

FIG. 12 is a partially omitted horizontal sectional view showing still another embodiment of the vertical pyrolysis reactor according to the present invention.
Heat medium supply means 4 of vertical pyrolysis reactor 2 of the present embodiment
Reference numeral 4 denotes a jacket-type heat medium supply cylinder 46 in which a plurality of heaters 27, for example, three heaters 27 are accommodated in the heat medium supply cylinder 46, similarly to the vertical pyrolysis reaction furnace of FIG. It is. The space 45 is filled with heated air i from a nozzle (not shown), and heated air i is supplied to the heat medium flow path 29 of the heater from a plurality of places (not shown) of the heater 27. When the plurality of heaters 27 are housed in the heat medium supply tube 46, the heat medium supply tube 46 can be shared, so that not only the manufacturing cost is reduced but also the installation area can be reduced. In addition, initially, only one heater 27 is stored according to the amount of the waste a, and the heater 27 can be easily added sequentially in accordance with the increase in the amount of the waste a.

The heating medium supply means 44 of the vertical pyrolysis reactor described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 12 accommodates the heater 27 in a space filled with the heating air i.
Is provided with a heating medium supply tube 46 for supplying heated air i to the vertical pyrolysis reaction furnace described above with reference to FIGS. Can be heated, and a sufficient heat transfer area can be obtained. In the case where the plurality of heaters 27 are housed in the heat medium supply cylinder 46, it is possible to flexibly cope with an increase in the amount of waste a to be processed, and the manufacturing cost and the installation area can be reduced. Further, it can be used for a large-sized waste a which is disposed of in a large amount, and can be easily scaled up.

In FIGS. 9 to 12, the structure and operation of the other parts are the same as those shown in FIGS.

[0042]

According to the vertical pyrolysis reactor of the present invention, a sufficient heat transfer area can be obtained and the heat transfer efficiency is good, and particularly, the heat transfer efficiency on the input side of the decomposition target is improved. As a result, it is possible to smoothly operate the thermal decomposition reactor and improve the processing capacity. In addition, the installation space can be reduced, and the apparatus can be made compact.

Further, according to the waste disposal apparatus of the present invention, the treatment efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially omitted longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a vertical pyrolysis reactor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a swing means provided in FIG.

3A and 3B show an embodiment of another swinging means similar to FIG. 2, wherein FIG. 3A is a longitudinal sectional view of a vibration motor, and FIG. 3B is a vertical heat pump having the vibration motor of FIG. It is a partially-omitted longitudinal cross-sectional view of a decomposition reaction furnace.

4 (A) is a view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 3 (B),
(B) is a view on line III-III in FIG. 4 (A).

FIG. 5 is a partially omitted longitudinal sectional view of still another vertical pyrolysis reactor similar to FIG. 3 (B).

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of still another swing means similar to FIG.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line II of FIG. 1 showing a flow of heated air.

8 (A) is a cross-sectional view in which two flat plates are provided, FIG. 8 (B) is a cross-sectional view in which a half-split pipe is attached to a flat plate, and FIG. Cross section attached to a flat plate,
(D) shows a cross-sectional view in which a pipe is attached to a flat plate.

FIG. 9 is a partially omitted vertical sectional view showing another embodiment of the vertical pyrolysis reactor according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 9, illustrating the flow of heated air.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a partially omitted transverse sectional view showing still another embodiment of the vertical pyrolysis reactor according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a system diagram showing one embodiment of a waste treatment apparatus provided with a pyrolysis reactor according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a pyrolysis reactor according to the related art.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste treatment apparatus 2 Vertical pyrolysis reaction furnace 5 Upper discharge port 6 Intermediate discharge port 8 Upper part 9 Intermediate part 10 Lower part 26 Vertical axis 27 Heater (spiral heating body) 28 Spiral surface 29 Heat medium flow path 33 Small flow path 34 Upper spiral pitch 35 Lower spiral pitch 38 Swing means 44 Heat medium supply means 45 Space 46 Heat medium supply cylinder 64 Combustion melting furnace (combustion furnace) 67 Separator G ₁ , G ₁ ′ Pyrolysis gas a Waste ( Thermal decomposition product) b Thermal decomposition residue c Flammable component d Metal component i Heated air (heat medium)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Agency reference number FI Technical display location C10G 9/00 F23G 5/24 ZABC C10J 3/00 9547-4H C10G 1/00 ZABB F23G 5/24 ZAB 9547-4H 1/10 ZAB // C10G 1/00 ZAB B09B 3/00 ZAB 1/10 ZAB 302F

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A vertical pyrolysis reaction furnace in which a pyrolyzate is introduced from above and pyrolyzed by heating with a heating medium to generate a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of nonvolatile components. Has a spiral surface which is provided in a spiral around the heat-decomposed material and moves sequentially from the upper portion to the lower portion, and heats the heat-decomposed material through the spiral surface to flow a heat medium to be thermally decomposed. A helical heating body having a heat medium flow path along the helical surface, oscillating means for oscillating the helical heating body to move the decomposition target along the helical surface, and A heating medium supply means for supplying the heating medium to a heating medium flow path of the heating element. 2. The helical pitch according to claim 1, wherein at least the helical pitch on the upper side of the helical heating element is changed according to the volume reduction due to the thermal decomposition of the thermal decomposition product. A vertical pyrolysis reactor characterized by being formed larger. 3. The vertical heating medium according to claim 1, wherein the heating medium flow path of the spiral heating element is divided into a plurality of small flow paths for uniformly heating the spiral surface. Type pyrolysis reactor. 4. The vertical heat transfer device according to claim 1, wherein the heat medium supply unit supplies the heat medium to a heat medium flow path of the spiral heating element. Decomposition reactor. 5. The helical heating element according to claim 1, wherein the helical heating element is at least 1/5 to 1 from the top and the bottom.
A vertical pyrolysis reactor characterized in that an outlet for discharging the pyrolysis gas is provided at an intermediate position corresponding to the position of (3). 6. The heating medium supply unit according to claim 1, wherein the heating medium supply means stores the spiral heating element in a space filled with the heating medium, and the heating medium flow path of the spiral heating element. And a heating medium supply tube for supplying the heating medium. 7. The vertical pyrolysis reaction furnace according to claim 6, wherein the heating medium supply cylinder houses a plurality of the spiral heating elements. 8. A vertical pyrolysis reaction furnace in which waste is injected from above and thermally decomposed by heating with a heating medium to generate a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of nonvolatile components. A separation device that separates the pyrolysis residue discharged from the decomposition reactor into a combustible component and a non-combustible component,
In a waste treatment apparatus having a combustion furnace for burning the pyrolysis gas and the combustible component, the vertical pyrolysis reactor is a vertical pyrolysis reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7. A waste treatment apparatus, characterized in that there is a waste treatment apparatus.