JPH10145987A - Power transmission system, ic card and information communicating system using ic card - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a radio power transmission system, an IC card and an information communicating system using IC card in which power can be fed stably from a reader/writer to the internal circuit of an IC card by radio even when there is a great fluctuation in the distance between the IC card and the reader/writer. SOLUTION: The power transmission system for transmitting power from a reader/writer 1 to an IC card 2 using electromagnetic wave comprises an IC card for converting a transmitted induction power into a DC voltage, detecting the transmitted induction power or a corresponding voltage, and controlling the inductance based on a detected induction voltage or a voltage corresponding to the induced power to produce a desired DC voltage being fed to an internal circuit 29.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power transmission system for transmitting power from a power transmitting device to an IC card by using electromagnetic waves, wherein the transmitted induced power is converted into a DC voltage, and The detected induced power or a voltage corresponding to the induced power is detected, the impedance is controlled based on the detected induced voltage or the voltage corresponding to the induced power, a desired DC voltage is obtained, and the voltage is supplied to the internal circuit. An electric power transmission system having an IC card, an IC card, and an information communication system using the IC card.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the present invention, a commuter pass or a ticket used at a ticket gate of a station or a bus is converted into an IC card, and the card is passed or approached from a reader / writer provided at the ticket gate of the station or a bus without contact. The present invention relates to a power transmission system for wirelessly transmitting power to an IC card, an IC card, and an information communication system using the IC card.

Conventionally, it has been known that power is supplied to an IC card from a power supply side in a non-contact manner using light or a magnetic field. By the way, a commuter pass or a train ticket used at a ticket gate or a bus at a station is converted into an IC card, and the IC card is used by a reader / reader provided at the ticket gate or a bus at the station.
When passing the writer in a non-contact manner, the distance between the IC card and the reader / writer fluctuates greatly. If the appropriate power is transmitted from the reader / writer to the IC card when the distance between the IC card and the reader / writer is large, the distance between the IC card and the reader / writer becomes short. Toki Reader /
Excessive power is transmitted from the writer to the IC card, and the IC card malfunctions and is eventually damaged. That is, in the above-mentioned conventional technology, no consideration is given to stably transmitting power from the reader / writer to the IC card even if the distance between the IC card and the reader / writer changes significantly. Was. However, even if the distance between the IC card and the reader / writer fluctuates greatly, a conventional technique for stably transmitting power from the reader / writer to the IC card is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-85233. Gazette and JP-A-9
-62816.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-85233 discloses an electromagnetic coupling type non-contact type data carrier having a function of receiving data including a control signal from a fixed facility in parallel with a receiving coil of the data carrier. , Rectifier D1
And a rectifier circuit comprising a capacitor C2 and a variable resistance element comprising a transistor T2 controlled by a DC power supply voltage obtained from the rectifier circuit, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4.
It is described that excessive power is consumed by this variable resistance element. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-85233 discloses a rectifier D2, a resistor R1, and a capacitor for detecting amplitude-modulated data superimposed on an AC voltage induced in a receiving coil and transmitting the detected data as an input signal to a data carrier main circuit. C3
And a transistor T1 which receives an output signal from the data carrier main circuit and switches the transistor T1.
It is described that an amplitude modulation circuit including a transistor T1, a capacitor C4, and a resistor R2 for transmitting data from a data carrier to a fixed facility is connected in parallel to a reception coil of the data carrier. In this prior art, since the resonance circuit is not built into the reception coil of the data carrier, if the distance between the transmission coil on the fixed side and the reception coil on the data carrier side is significantly increased, the reception coil is not connected. Does not induce a large induced voltage, and cannot transmit the power required by the data carrier main circuit. Further, in this conventional technique, since the half-wave rectification is used, the ripple is large and the smoothing capacity is large. As a result, there is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the size of the capacitor and incorporate it.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-62816 discloses that
The reception signal level of the data transmission / reception antenna resonance circuit is detected, and the quality factor Q of the antenna resonance circuit is changed by the variable resistance element according to the detected level to adjust the input reception signal level to a preferable value. Have been described.

[0006]

In each of these prior arts, since a variable resistance element is directly connected in parallel to a receiving antenna, the temperature rise of the variable resistance element becomes large and the element size of the withstand voltage protection circuit is reduced. There is a problem that it becomes large.

[0007] An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems.
Even if the distance between the IC card and the reader / writer fluctuates greatly, the reader / writer can communicate wirelessly from the reader / writer.
Wireless power transmission by which the element size of the withstand voltage protection circuit provided in the IC card is reduced and the temperature rise of the variable impedance circuit is reduced so that power can be stably supplied to the internal circuit of the C card. A system and an IC card are provided. Further, another object of the present invention is to simply pass or approach an IC card to a reader and / or a writer in a non-contact manner, and wirelessly transmit the IC card to the internal circuit of the IC card from the reader and / or the writer. Wireless power transmission system and IC card capable of stably supplying power by reducing the element size of a withstand voltage protection circuit provided in the device and reducing the temperature rise of the variable impedance circuit to improve power responsiveness and stably supply power Is to provide. Also,
Another object of the present invention is to stably supply power from a reader and / or writer to an IC card in a non-contact manner, reduce the element size of a withstand voltage protection circuit provided in the IC card, and provide a variable impedance circuit. To provide an information communication system using an IC card in which the temperature rise of the IC card is reduced and supplied to an internal circuit to enable information communication between the reader and / or writer and the IC card with high reliability. is there.

Another object of the present invention is to control the capacitance with respect to the induced power received on the IC card side even if the distance between the IC card and the reader / writer fluctuates greatly. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a wireless power transmission system, an IC card, and an information communication system using the IC card which can stably supply power by reducing the temperature rise of the variable impedance circuit. Another object of the present invention is to merely pass an IC card to a reader and / or a writer in a non-contact manner or approach the IC card in a non-contact manner, and to appropriately transmit appropriate power to the IC card from a power transmitter of the reader and / or the writer. Wireless power transmission system and an IC that stably supply information to an internal circuit of an IC card so that information can be communicated between a reader and / or writer and the IC card with high reliability. An object of the present invention is to provide an information communication system using a card and an IC card.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided a power transmission system for transmitting power from a power transmission device (reader and / or writer device) to an IC card using electromagnetic waves in order to achieve the above object. , Said IC card,
An antenna having a resonance circuit for receiving the transmitted electromagnetic wave, a full-wave rectifier circuit for full-wave rectification of the induced power received by the antenna, and a DC voltage full-wave rectified by the full-wave rectifier circuit. A power supply circuit for converting to a power supply voltage, a detection circuit for detecting a DC voltage full-wave rectified by the full-wave rectification circuit, and a conversion circuit for converting the DC voltage detected by the detection circuit to a desired DC voltage. An impedance control circuit unit that controls impedance with respect to the supplied power supply voltage to obtain a desired power supply voltage, and an internal circuit that receives supply of a desired power supply voltage obtained from the impedance control circuit unit. Power transmission system.
Further, the present invention is a power transmission system for transmitting power from a power transmission device to an IC card using an electromagnetic wave, wherein the IC card includes: a receiving unit receiving an induced power by the transmitted electromagnetic wave; A rectifying circuit unit that rectifies the induced power received at step S1 to convert it to a DC voltage, a detection circuit unit that detects an induced power obtained from the receiving unit or a voltage corresponding to the induced power, and a detection circuit unit that detects the induced power. A variable impedance control circuit for controlling the impedance of the DC voltage obtained from the rectifier circuit based on the induced power or a voltage corresponding to the induced power, and supply of the DC voltage controlled from the variable impedance control circuit. And a receiving internal circuit.

The present invention is also a power transmission system for transmitting power from a power transmission device to an IC card using an electromagnetic wave, wherein the transmitted induced power is converted into a DC voltage, and the transmitted induced power is converted to a DC voltage. Or, a voltage corresponding to the induced power is detected, and a capacitance is controlled based on the detected induced voltage or the voltage corresponding to the induced power to obtain a power supply voltage including a desired DC voltage, and the power supply voltage is determined by an internal circuit. Supply IC
A power transmission system comprising a card. The present invention is also a power transmission system for transmitting power from a power transmission device to an IC card using electromagnetic waves, wherein the rectification circuit converts the transmitted induced power into a DC voltage, and is obtained from the rectification circuit. An internal circuit that receives supply of a DC voltage, a detection circuit that detects the transmitted induced power or a voltage corresponding to the induced power, and a detection circuit that detects the induced voltage detected by the detection circuit or a voltage corresponding to the induced power. A power supply system comprising: an IC card having a capacitance control circuit for controlling a capacitance to obtain a power supply voltage including a desired DC voltage and supplying the power supply voltage to the internal circuit.

The present invention is also a power transmission system for transmitting power from a power transmission device to an IC card using electromagnetic waves, wherein the transmitted induced power is converted into a DC voltage and supplied to an internal circuit, An IC card for detecting the transmitted induced power or a voltage corresponding to the induced power, and transmitting information on the detected induced power or the voltage corresponding to the induced power to the power transmitting apparatus using an electromagnetic wave is provided. And a power transmission system that controls power transmitted from the power transmission device based on the transmitted information. In addition, the present invention provides a method for transmitting an I
What is claimed is: 1. A power transmission system for transmitting electric power to a C card using electromagnetic waves, comprising: an IC card for converting the transmitted induced power into a DC voltage and supplying the DC voltage to an internal circuit.
A power transmission system comprising: detecting information corresponding to a relative position between a card and a power transmission device; and controlling power transmitted from the power transmission device based on the detected information. .

The present invention also relates to a power transmission system for transmitting power from a power transmission device to an IC card using electromagnetic waves, wherein the transmitted induced power is converted into a DC voltage and supplied to an internal circuit. A card, detecting information corresponding to a relative position between the IC card and the power transmission device, and controlling a impedance in the IC card based on the detected information to obtain a desired DC voltage A power transmission system characterized in that:

Further, the present invention provides an antenna having a resonance circuit for receiving a transmitted electromagnetic wave, a full-wave rectification circuit for full-wave rectifying the induced power received by the antenna, and a full-wave rectification circuit for the full-wave rectification circuit. A power supply circuit for converting the rectified DC voltage to a power supply voltage composed of a DC voltage, a detection circuit for detecting the DC voltage rectified by the full-wave rectification circuit, and a DC voltage detected by the detection circuit An impedance control circuit unit that controls impedance to a power supply voltage converted by the power supply circuit to obtain a desired power supply voltage so that the power supply voltage becomes a DC voltage, and a desired power supply voltage obtained from the impedance control circuit unit. An IC card having an internal circuit for receiving a supply. Further, the present invention is a receiving unit that receives the induced power by the electromagnetic wave, a rectifying circuit unit that rectifies the induced power received by the receiving unit and converts it to a DC voltage,
A detection circuit for detecting an induced power or a voltage corresponding to the induced power obtained from the reception unit; and a rectifying circuit based on the induced power or the voltage corresponding to the induced power detected by the detection circuit. A variable impedance control circuit for controlling the impedance of the obtained DC voltage,
An internal circuit that receives a DC voltage controlled by the variable impedance control circuit unit. Further, according to the present invention, in the IC card, the impedance in the variable impedance control circuit is formed by a resistor. Further, the present invention is characterized in that in the IC card, the full-wave rectifier circuit, the power supply circuit, the detection circuit, the impedance control circuit, and the internal circuit are formed on one chip.

Further, the present invention provides a receiving unit for receiving an induced power by an electromagnetic wave, a rectifying circuit unit for rectifying the induced power received by the receiving unit and converting it to a DC voltage, A detection circuit for detecting a voltage corresponding to the induced power, and controlling a capacitance based on the induced power detected by the detection circuit or a voltage corresponding to the induced power, to obtain a desired value from the rectifier circuit. An IC card, comprising: a capacitance control circuit for obtaining a DC voltage; and an internal circuit controlled by the capacitance control circuit and receiving a DC voltage from the rectifier circuit. The present invention also includes a reader and / or writer device (unit) that has an information communication unit and a power transmission unit, and that transmits power from the power transmission unit to an IC card using electromagnetic waves.
A rectifier circuit for rectifying the induced power transmitted from the reader and / or writer device and converting it to a DC voltage; a detection circuit for detecting the induced power obtained from the receiver or a voltage corresponding to the induced power; A variable impedance control circuit for controlling the impedance of a DC voltage obtained from the rectifier circuit based on the induced power detected by the detection circuit or a voltage corresponding to the induced power, and a variable impedance control circuit. An IC card that obtains a desired DC voltage and supplies it to an internal circuit, and performs information communication using electromagnetic waves between the internal circuit of the IC card and an information communication unit of the reader and / or writer device; An information communication system using an IC card characterized by having such a configuration.

Further, the present invention includes a reader and / or writer device (unit) having an information communication unit and a power transmission unit, and transmitting power from the power transmission unit to an IC card using electromagnetic waves. An antenna having a resonance circuit for receiving electromagnetic waves transmitted from the reader and / or writer device, a full-wave rectification circuit for full-wave rectification of induced power received by the antenna, and the full-wave rectification circuit A power supply circuit for converting a DC voltage subjected to full-wave rectification into a power supply voltage comprising a DC voltage, a detection circuit for detecting a DC voltage full-wave rectified by the full-wave rectification circuit, and a DC voltage detected by the detection circuit An impedance control circuit for controlling impedance with respect to a power supply voltage converted by the power supply circuit to obtain a desired DC voltage to obtain a desired power supply voltage; An internal circuit for receiving supply of a desired power supply voltage obtained from a control circuit, and communication of information using electromagnetic waves between the internal circuit of the IC card and the information communication unit of the reader and / or writer device And an information communication system using an IC card.

Further, the present invention includes a reader and / or writer device having an information communication unit and a power transmission unit, and transmitting power from the power transmission unit to an IC card using electromagnetic waves. Alternatively, the induced power transmitted from the writer device is converted into a DC voltage and supplied to an internal circuit, and the induced power transmitted to the IC card or a voltage corresponding to the induced power is detected, and the detected induced power or The IC card that transmits information about a voltage corresponding to the induced power to a power transmission unit of the reader and / or writer device using electromagnetic waves, wherein the reader and / or writer device is transmitted from the IC card; And controlling the power transmitted from the power transmission unit based on the information transmitted from the power transmitting unit. An information communication system using an IC card, wherein information communication is performed using an electromagnetic wave with an information communication unit of an inter apparatus. The present invention also relates to an information communication system using the IC card, wherein transmission of electric power from the reader and / or writer device to the IC card using electromagnetic waves, an internal circuit of the IC card, the reader and / or
Alternatively, communication of information using an electromagnetic wave with the information communication unit of the writer device is performed using a common antenna provided in each of the reader and / or writer device and the IC card. It is characterized by.

Further, according to the present invention, in the information communication system using the IC card, the reader and / or writer device includes a power supply unit for generating a signal for power transmission, and an encoder for encoding input transmission data. Encoding circuit, a modulator that amplitude-modulates and superimposes a signal obtained from the encoding circuit on a signal obtained from the power supply unit, and a power supply circuit that supplies power based on the signal obtained from the modulator, An antenna for generating the electromagnetic wave according to the current supplied by the power supply circuit.

The present invention also provides an information communication system using the IC card, wherein the IC card includes:
As the internal circuit, a decoding circuit that shapes and decodes a communication modulation wave detected by the antenna and decodes the reception data decoded by the decoding circuit, and a microcomputer that outputs transmission data, An encoding circuit for encoding transmission data output from the microcomputer, and a modulator for modulating based on a signal encoded by the encoding circuit and inputting the modulated signal to the antenna.

As described above, according to the above configuration, I
Even if the distance between the C card and the reader / writer (power transmission device) fluctuates significantly, the element size of the withstand voltage protection circuit provided on the IC card from the reader / writer to the internal circuit of the IC card wirelessly is reduced. It is possible to realize a wireless power transmission system and an IC card that can be stably supplied by reducing the temperature of the variable impedance circuit and reducing the temperature rise of the variable impedance circuit. In particular, since the element size of the withstand voltage protection circuit can be reduced and the temperature rise of the variable impedance circuit can be reduced, an antenna that receives electromagnetic waves can be used as an IC card.
It can be configured by mounting a chip element, and an inexpensive IC card can be realized. Further, according to the above configuration, the IC card is transmitted to the reader and / or the writer by using the coil-shaped or spiral-shaped antenna coil to transmit power by electromagnetic waves, and is simply passed or approached in a non-contact manner. Reader and / or
Or, reduce the element size of the withstand voltage protection circuit provided on the IC card by wireless from the writer to the internal circuit of the IC card, and reduce the temperature rise of the variable impedance circuit to improve the responsiveness of the power and stably A wireless power transmission system and an IC card that can supply power can be realized. Further, according to the above configuration, even if the distance between the IC card and the reader / writer fluctuates greatly, the variable impedance circuit can be controlled by controlling the capacitance with respect to the induced power received on the IC card side. A wireless power transmission system, an IC card, and an information communication system using the IC card, which can stably supply electric power by reducing the temperature rise of the IC card, can be realized.

Further, according to the above configuration, the IC card is wirelessly supplied with appropriate power from a power transmission unit of the reader and / or writer only by passing or approaching the IC card to the reader and / or writer in a non-contact manner. Wireless power transmission system that transmits information to the internal circuit of the IC card in a stable manner and enables highly reliable communication of information between the reader and / or writer and the IC card. And IC card and I
An information communication system using a C card can be realized. Further, according to the above configuration, the reader and / or the writer device stably supplies power to the IC card in a non-contact manner, so that the reader and / or the writer device can be connected to the IC card.
An information communication system using an IC card capable of communicating (transmitting and receiving) information with a C card with high reliability can be realized.

[0021]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a wireless power transmission system and an IC card according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric power transmission system for wirelessly transmitting electric power from a reader and / or writer 1 provided at a ticket gate or a bus provided at a station according to the present invention to an IC card 2 passed or approached in a non-contact manner. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration. The IC card 2 is a reader and / or writer 1 held by a user and provided at a ticket gate of a station or a bus.
The wireless communication device transmits / receives information such as a ticket and a commuter pass wirelessly and transmits information such as a ticket and a commuter pass.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a wireless power transmission system according to the present invention. Reference numeral 21 denotes a power supply circuit provided in a reader and / or writer 1 provided in a ticket gate of a station or a bus. This power supply circuit 21 has 13.56 MH
a power supply 22 for generating a high-frequency voltage of z, a matching circuit 23 for matching impedance and preventing reflection, and a coil for transmitting electric power of about 2 to 5 W at 13.56 MHz by electromagnetic waves (wireless). 24. The IC card 2 has a coil 26 that receives power from a power supply circuit 21 provided in the reader and / or writer 1 by electromagnetic waves (wireless) and converts high-frequency power received by the coil 26 into a voltage of about 7 to 15 V DC. Voltage generating unit 28 comprising a rectifying circuit 27 which performs the operation, and an internal circuit (for example, composed of an IC chip) 29 which operates by receiving supply of a DC voltage of about 7 to 10 V generated from the induced voltage generating unit 28. And Note that IC card 2
A tuning capacitor 25 is connected to the coil 26 so that a desired DC voltage can be supplied to the internal circuit 29 even if the distance between the coil 26 and the reader and / or writer 1 is significantly large. A resonance circuit is provided so as to obtain induced power. The coil 26 has a multilayer structure of two or more layers in which a spiral antenna coil is continuously wound in the same direction, so that a stray capacitance generated between the coils and a coil inductance constitute a parallel resonance circuit, and tuning is performed. The use capacity 25 can be unnecessary or significantly reduced.

The use of a coil (coiled or spiral antenna) 24 and a coil (coiled or spiral antenna) 26 for transmitting electric power by electromagnetic waves (wireless) means that power transmission is zero. .1 sec
This is to improve the responsiveness so that power can be supplied to an internal circuit (for example, an IC chip) 29 of the IC card 2. When the coil 26 is formed on the IC card 2, there is a strong advantage against deformation of the IC card 2. Therefore, if power can be supplied to the internal circuit 29 of the IC card 2 within 0.1 sec or less, the coil 2
Instead of 4 and 26, a light emitting element and a light receiving element can be used. FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the distance d between the coil 24 of the power supply circuit 21 provided in the reader / writer 1 and the IC card 25 and the induced voltage VL obtained from the rectifier circuit 27. As shown in FIG. 3, the distance d between the coil 24 of the power supply circuit 21 and the IC card 25 is at most d2 ≒ 2.
When the distance is about 0 cm, the induced voltage VL is equal to the allowable minimum voltage Vmi.
When the circuit is designed so that n ≒ 2 to 4 V can be obtained, when the distance between the coil 24 of the power supply circuit 21 and the IC card 25 is at least d1 ≒ 5 cm, the induced voltage VL becomes the allowable maximum voltage Vmax. The voltage greatly exceeds ≒ 5 to 15 V and becomes about 40 V, which causes the internal circuit 29 to malfunction or be damaged. Therefore, the present invention provides a reader /
Even when the writer 1 is passed through the writer 1 in a non-contact manner at a distance of about 5 to 20 cm, the induced voltage VL obtained from the rectifier circuit 27 is always within the allowable range of the induced voltage Vmin to Vmax.
It is to control to enter.

Next, a first embodiment of a wireless power transmission control system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a first embodiment of a wireless power transmission control system according to the present invention. Power supply circuit 21 provided in reader and / or writer 1
Is similar to the configuration shown in FIG. The induced voltage generating unit 28a in the IC card 2 supplies the coil 26 and the rectifier circuit 27 shown in FIG. Supply variable impedance circuit 3
0, a voltage detection circuit 31 for detecting an induced voltage VL obtained from the rectifier circuit 27, and control for controlling the variable impedance circuit 30 to vary the impedance based on the induced voltage value detected by the voltage detection circuit 31. Circuit 32
And was added. Internal circuit 2 in IC card 2
9 is the same as FIG. The voltage detection circuit 31 may detect high-frequency power (high-frequency voltage) obtained from the variable impedance circuit 30 and calculate, for example, an average induced voltage, as indicated by a chain line. With such a configuration, the voltage detection circuit 31 detects the induced voltage VL obtained from the rectifier circuit 27 and detects the range V of the allowable induced voltage value.
When the deviation from min to Vmax is detected, the impedance of the variable impedance circuit 30 is controlled by the control circuit 32, and the high-frequency power obtained from the coil 26 is controlled and supplied to the rectifier circuit 27. Voltages in the range of values can be obtained. As a result, the distance between reader / writer 1 and IC card 2 is 5 cm
Even if they are close to each other, a voltage within the range of the allowable induced voltage value can be supplied to the internal circuit 29. The rectifier circuit 27 and the internal circuit 29 are connected to one IC.
You may comprise a chip.

Next, a second embodiment of a wireless power transmission control system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a second embodiment of a wireless power transmission control system according to the present invention. FIG.
The difference between the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and the first embodiment shown in FIG.
Is provided after the rectifier circuit 27. The power supply circuit 21 provided in the reader and / or writer 1 is shown in FIG.
This is the same as the configuration shown in FIG. The induced voltage generator 28a in the IC card 2 includes a rectifier circuit 27 that converts high-frequency power obtained from the coil 26 into an induced DC voltage, a voltage detection circuit 31 that detects an induced voltage VL obtained from the rectifier circuit 27, Based on the induced voltage value detected by the voltage detection circuit 31, the impedance of the DC voltage output from the rectifier circuit 27 is variably controlled to change the DC voltage into the internal circuit 29.
, And a control circuit 32 for controlling the impedance of the variable impedance circuit 30 to be variable. IC card 2
Are the same as those in FIG. With such a configuration, the voltage detection circuit 31
7, the control circuit 32 controls the impedance of the variable impedance circuit 30 and detects the DC voltage obtained from the rectifier circuit 27 when it detects that the induced voltage VL is out of the allowable range of the induced voltage Vmin to Vmax. Then, the voltage is supplied to the internal circuit 29, so that a voltage within the range of the allowable induced voltage value can always be obtained from the rectifier circuit 27. As a result, even if the distance between the reader and / or writer 1 and the IC card 2 is close to about 5 cm, it is possible to supply a voltage within the range of the allowable induced voltage value to the internal circuit 29.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a specific first embodiment of the variable impedance circuit 30 shown in FIG. That is, the variable impedance circuit 30 is connected to both ends of the coil 26 by a resistor R1 and an electronic switch S connected in series.
1, a resistor R2 and an electronic switch S2 are connected in parallel, and these electronic switches S1 and S2 are connected to a control circuit 3
It is configured to be turned on / off by a control signal from the second. With such a configuration, as shown in FIG.
Coil 24 of power supply circuit 21 and coil 26 of IC card 2
When the induced voltage VL exceeds Vmax, the resistance R1 is connected by turning on the electronic switch S1 with the electronic switch S2 turned off by a control signal from the control circuit 32 when the induced voltage VL exceeds Vmax. As a result, the induced voltage VL drops to Vmin, and when the distance between the coil 24 of the power supply circuit 21 and the coil 26 of the IC card 2 becomes short and the induced voltage VL exceeds Vmax, first the control circuit 32
When the electronic switch S2 is turned on in a state where the electronic switch S1 is turned on by the control signal from the controller, the resistors R1 and R2 are connected, the induced voltage VL decreases to Vmin, and the coil 24 of the power supply circuit 21 and the IC card It is possible to prevent the induced voltage VL from exceeding Vmax on the assumption that the distance between the second coil 26 and the second coil 26 becomes d1. If the number of resistors is further increased, Vmin and Vmax
Can be narrowed. As described above, when the variable impedance circuit 30 is configured by connecting the resistor R1 and the electronic switch S1 connected in series and the resistor R2 and the electronic switch S2 in parallel to both ends of the coil 26, very responsiveness is obtained. Excellent in point.

The variable impedance circuit 30 described above can be applied to the variable impedance circuit 30 including the variable resistance elements shown in FIG. In particular, FIG.
As shown in the figure, by providing the variable impedance circuit 30 composed of a variable resistance element after the constant voltage power supply circuit 204 provided after the rectifier circuit 27 (203), the element size of the withstand voltage protection circuit 30 can be reduced. As a result, the wireless chip 202 can be configured to be small.
Cost reduction as an IC card can be achieved. FIG.
FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a specific second embodiment of the variable impedance circuit 30 shown in FIG. That is, the variable impedance circuit 30 is
A capacitor C1 and an electronic switch S1 connected in series, and a capacitor C2 and an electronic switch S2 are connected in parallel, and these electronic switches S1 and S2 are connected to a control circuit 3.
It is configured to be turned on / off by a control signal from the second. Even in such a configuration, as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 5, even if the distance between the coil 24 of the power supply circuit 21 and the coil 26 of the IC card 2 becomes short, FIG.
From the relationship shown in FIG. 9B, the range of the induced voltage VL obtained from the rectifier circuit 27 can be controlled to the allowable voltage range Vmin to Vmax. According to the second embodiment, the first
As compared with the embodiment, the temperature rise can be reduced, which is excellent in reliability. However, in order to implement the second embodiment, a technique for manufacturing a small element that obtains a variable capacitance is required.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a third specific embodiment of the variable impedance circuit 30 shown in FIG. That is, the variable impedance circuit 30 is formed with terminals T1, T2 and T3 according to the length of the coil 26, and the control circuit 32
And an electronic switch St for switching to these terminals T1, T2, and T3 with a control signal from the controller. Even in such a configuration, the high-frequency power induced in the coil 26 can be changed. As a result, even if the distance between the coil 24 of the power supply circuit 21 and the coil 26 of the IC card 2 becomes short, the rectification circuit 27 Induced voltage VL obtained
Can be controlled to the allowable voltage range. Next, a third embodiment of a wireless power transmission control system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a wireless power transmission control system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The power supply circuit 21a provided in the reader and / or the writer 1 has 13.5
Control power supply 22 for generating a high-frequency variable voltage of 6 MHz
a, a matching circuit 23 for matching impedance, a coil 24 for transmitting electric power of about 2 to 5 W at 13.56 MHz by electromagnetic waves (wireless), and a value of an induced voltage value detected from the IC card 2. A coil (coil-shaped or spiral-shaped antenna) 37 for receiving a signal by electromagnetic waves (wireless) and a receiving circuit 38, and control to vary the high-frequency voltage of the control power supply 22a based on the induced voltage value received by the receiving circuit 38 And a control circuit 39 that performs the control. The induced voltage generating section 28b in the IC card 2 includes a voltage detecting circuit 31 for detecting an induced voltage VL obtained from the rectifying circuit 27 in the coil 26 and the rectifying circuit 27 shown in FIG. A transmission circuit 35 and a coil (coil or spiral antenna) 3 for transmitting the induced voltage value signal to the coil 37 of the power supply circuit 21a by electromagnetic waves (wireless).
6 was added. The internal circuit 29 in the IC card 2 is the same as in FIG.

With such a configuration, the voltage detection circuit 31 detects the induced voltage VL obtained from the rectifier circuit 27, and transmits the signal of the detected induced voltage value to the transmission circuit 35.
And the coil 36 transmits the electromagnetic wave (wireless) to the coil 37 of the power supply circuit 21a and receives it at the receiving circuit 38. The control circuit 39 determines the allowable induced voltage value based on the induced voltage value signal received at the receiving circuit 38. Range Vmin to V
, the high-frequency voltage of the control power supply 22a is controlled, and the high-frequency power transmitted from the coil 24 to the coil 26 is controlled and supplied to the rectifier circuit 27.
Can always obtain a voltage within the range of the allowable induced voltage value. As a result, reader and / or writer 1 and I
Even if the distance from the C card 2 is close to about 5 cm, a voltage within the range of the allowable induced voltage value can be supplied to the internal circuit 29. Next, a fourth embodiment of a wireless power transmission control system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
1 will be described. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a wireless power transmission control system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The power supply circuit 21b provided in the reader and / or writer 1 includes a control power supply 22a that generates a high-frequency variable voltage of 13.56 MHz, a matching circuit 23 for matching impedance, and 13.5.
A coil 24 for transmitting electric power of about 2 to 5 W at 6 MHz by electromagnetic waves (wireless), a sensor circuit 41 for detecting the instantaneous distance between the IC card 2 passing therethrough using infrared rays or ultrasonic waves, and the sensor; A position detection circuit 42 that calculates an instantaneous distance (position) from the IC card 2 passing by a signal obtained from the circuit 41, and an instantaneous distance (position) from the passing IC card 2 detected by the position detection circuit 42. And d) a control circuit 39 for controlling the high-frequency voltage of the control power supply 22a to be variable based on the information of d). I
The induced voltage generator 28 in the C card 2 is configured by the coil 26 and the rectifier circuit 27 also shown in FIG.

With this configuration, the sensor circuit 41 detects the instantaneous distance from the passing IC card 2 using infrared rays or ultrasonic waves, and the position detection circuit 42 passes by the detected signal. The instantaneous distance (position) from the IC card 2 is calculated, and the control circuit 39 calculates the instantaneous distance (position) from the IC card 2 calculated by the position detection circuit 42.
d, a high-frequency voltage value generated from the control power supply 22a is calculated from the relationship between the distance d and the induced voltage VL shown in FIG.
a to control the high-frequency power transmitted from the coil 24 to the coil 26 and supply it to the rectifier circuit 27. From the rectifier circuit 27, a voltage within the range of the allowable induced voltage value can always be obtained. . As a result, even if the distance between the reader and / or writer 1 and the IC card 2 is close to about 5 cm, it is possible to supply a voltage within the range of the allowable induced voltage value to the internal circuit 29. Next, the whole will be described including a part that transmits and receives information such as a ticket and a commuter pass using wireless communication according to the present invention and serves as a ticket and a commuter pass. FIG. 12 shows a schematic configuration in the first embodiment of the entirety, including a part that transmits and receives information such as a ticket and a commuter pass using wireless communication and also serves as a ticket and a commuter pass. is there. That is, the reader and / or writer 1 has an information transmitting and receiving unit 51 for transmitting and receiving information to and from the IC card 2 using electromagnetic waves (wireless) in addition to the power supply circuit 21. The information transmission / reception unit 51 is connected to a communication network and a mechanism or a display unit for opening and closing the door of the ticket gate, outputs information (data) to be transmitted to the IC card 2 to the modulation unit 54, and outputs information (data) obtained from the demodulation unit 55. CPU5 that processes and outputs data)
2, a memory 53 storing information obtained from the IC card 2 and processing program information, a modulation section 54 for modulating information from the CPU 52 at 3.39 MHz to transmit the information to the IC card 2, and a modulation section 54 An amplifier 56 for amplifying the signal modulated by the IC card 2, a coil 59 for transmitting and receiving information to and from the IC card 2 by electromagnetic waves (wireless), an amplifier 57 for amplifying a signal received by the coil 59, and an amplifier 5
7, a demodulation unit 55 for demodulating the signal amplified at 3.39 MHz, and a matching circuit 5 for matching the impedance.
8.

The IC card 2 also has an induced voltage generator 28 and an internal circuit 29.
A memory 63 storing information such as a ticket and a commuter pass, a CPU 62 controlling writing and reading of the memory 63, and information (data) read from the memory 63 is modulated at 3.39 MHz. Modulating unit 65
An amplifier 67 for amplifying a signal from the modulation unit 65;
A coil 69 for transmitting and receiving information to and from the coil 59 of the information transmitting and receiving unit 51 by electromagnetic waves (wireless); an amplifier 66 for amplifying a signal received by the coil 69;
6, a demodulation unit 64 for demodulating the signal amplified at 3.39 MHz, and a matching circuit 6 for matching the impedance.
8. With such a configuration, power is wirelessly transmitted from the reader / writer 1 provided at the ticket gate of the station or the bus to the IC card 2 passed or approached in a non-contact manner, and the internal circuit 29 of the IC card 2 is transmitted. And a stable 7 to 15 V DC voltage can be supplied to allow the internal circuit 29 such as the CPU 62 to operate stably. As a result, the IC card 2 is held by the user and provided in a ticket gate or a bus at a station. 5 to 2 without contact with the reader / writer 1
By passing the vehicle at a distance of about 0 cm, information such as a ticket and a commuter pass can be transmitted and received wirelessly, and the IC card 2 can serve as a ticket and a commuter pass.

FIG. 13 shows one or two circuits of the IC card 2 in which the coils 26 and 69 and the circuits 28, 27, 29, 31, 32 connected to the coils 26 and 69 are integrated. 4 shows a mounting state with the chip 70. Note that, in the embodiment shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), the number of turns of the coil 26 may be increased to increase the coil length, and the terminals T1, T2, and T3 may be output from the middle and input to the circuit chip 70. FIG. 14 shows a schematic configuration of the entire second embodiment including a part that transmits and receives information such as a ticket and a commuter pass using wireless communication, and includes a part that serves as a ticket and a commuter pass. is there. That is, FIG.
In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, an R / W coil (coil or spiral R / W antenna) 101 provided in an R / W unit 1 and a card formed in an IC card (proximity wireless card) 2 As shown in FIG. 15 between the coil (coil or spiral card antenna) 201.
2 shows a case where both power transmission and communication transmission / reception are performed using an electromagnetic wave (wireless) composed of a power transmission wave and a data communication modulation wave shown in FIG. As described above, the power transmission wave and the signal wave in the ASK modulation method have different frequency components when viewed in the frequency domain. However, when viewed in the time domain, the amplitude of the power transmission wave only changes according to the signal speed.
That is, in the time domain, the modulated wave obtained by multiplying the power transmission wave by the signal wave looks only as if the waveform amplitude of the power transmission wave fluctuates up and down. If this is transmitted wirelessly,
Although it is conceivable that the power transmission wave and the signal wave are transmitted by different antennas respectively, in the present invention, in order to simplify the non-contact card (proximity wireless card: IC card) 2, the electric field strength is measured by the radio wave method (distance method). The modulation wave is limited to 500 μV / m at 3 m, and the modulated wave is transmitted by a single antenna (R / W coil) 101.

That is, the R / W (reader or / and writer) unit 1 has a power supply 105 for generating a high-frequency voltage of 13.56 MHz and input transmission data (DATA) to be transmitted to the close proximity wireless card 2. An encoding circuit 107 for encoding 106 and 1 generated from the power supply 105
The above encoding circuit 1 is placed on a high frequency voltage of 3.56 MHz.
07 (Amplitude Shift)
Keying modulation) and the modulator 1
08, a transmission amplifier 109 that amplifies a signal that is ASK-modulated on a high-frequency voltage of 13.56 MHz, and an inductance coupling 10 that couples the signal amplified by the transmission amplifier 109.
3 and a matching circuit (feeding circuit) 102 having a capacitor 104 for matching impedance to prevent reflection and for transmitting power and transmitting data according to the output of the matching circuit 102. An R / W coil 101 that generates an electromagnetic wave and receives data transmitted from the card coil 201 of the close proximity wireless card 2 by the electromagnetic wave, and a signal received by the R / W coil 101 is matched by a matching circuit 102 so that an inductance is obtained. Coupling 103
A filter circuit 110 for removing a noise component from a signal generated by the filter circuit; a reception amplifier 111 for amplifying a signal obtained through the filter circuit 110;
13.56 obtained from the power supply 105
Demodulator 1 that demodulates using a high-frequency voltage signal of MHz
12 and a decoding circuit 113 for decoding the signal demodulated by the demodulator 112 and outputting it as received data (DATA) 114.

The proximity wireless card (contactless card: IC card) 2 includes a card coil 201 and a wireless chip 202.
And a CPU + interface chip 210. Note that by reducing the size of the wireless chip 202, the wireless chip 202 and the CPU + interface chip 210 can be configured as one chip. The card coil 201 receives an electromagnetic wave generated for performing power transmission and data transmission from the R / W coil 101 of the R / W unit 1, and generates an electromagnetic wave corresponding to the load-switched modulated transmission data. is there. The wireless chip 202 receives the 1
A matching / rectifying circuit 203 that rectifies the power of 3.56 MHz and matches the impedance of the transmitted / received signal by matching, and a constant voltage of about 2 to 5 V at about 5 mW from the induced voltage rectified from the matching / rectifying circuit 203. Constant voltage power supply circuit 2 to be supplied as DC voltage power supply 205
And a voltage detection circuit 31 for detecting the DC voltage VL obtained from the matching / rectifying circuit 203 by comparing it with a reference voltage.
And a variable impedance formed by a variable resistance element such as an FET is variably controlled with respect to the DC voltage output from the constant voltage power supply circuit 204 based on the DC voltage value detected by the voltage detection circuit 31, Power supply voltage 205
A variable impedance control circuit 30 composed of a variable resistance element such as an FET supplied to the IC chips 202 and 210 (internal circuit 29), and a clock extraction circuit 206 for extracting a clock from a reception signal obtained from the card coil 201. , An LPF circuit 207 for removing noise components from the reception signal obtained from the card coil 201, a waveform shaping circuit 208 for shaping the waveform of the reception signal obtained from the LPF circuit 207, and load matching modulation of the transmission signal to perform the matching and And a load switching modulation circuit 209 that supplies the rectifying circuit 203 with the rectifying circuit 203 so that the rectifying circuit 203 matches the rectifying circuit 203 and supplies the card coil 201 with the rectifying circuit 203.

CPU + interface chip 210
Is divided based on the clock signal extracted by the clock extraction circuit 206 of the wireless chip 202,
4, a frequency dividing circuit 211 for generating a signal, a decoding circuit 212 for decoding a signal obtained from the waveform shaping circuit 208 of the wireless chip 202, and decoded data (receiving data) obtained from the decoding circuit 212. And a transmission data control circuit 215 that controls the transmission data from the microcomputer 214 and encodes the transmission data obtained by controlling the transmission data control circuit 215. A microcomputer such as an H8 that incorporates an encoding circuit 216 for input to the load switching modulation circuit 209 of the wireless chip 202 and a memory for storing information as a card and performs processing of transmission / reception data and transfer of data between the memory and the like. 214 and supply of a stable power supply 205 from the constant voltage power supply circuit 204 of the wireless chip 202. And it is configured to receive. The reason why the R / W coil 101 and the card coil 201 are used to transmit power by electromagnetic waves (wireless) is to improve the efficiency of power transmission in the vicinity. Further, when the coil 201 is formed on the close proximity wireless card 2, there is an advantage that the close proximity wireless card 2 is strong against deformation. R / W coil 1
01 and the card coil 201 may be formed by a spiral antenna. Also, the IC card 2 and the reader and / or
Alternatively, even if the distance between the writer 1 and the writer 1 is significantly large, a tuning capacitor 25 is connected to the card coil 201 so that a desired DC voltage can be supplied to the internal circuits 210 and 202 (29). A resonance circuit is provided so that a large induced power can be obtained. As the card coil 201, by forming a spiral structure of an antenna coil in a multilayer structure of two or more layers continuously wound in the same direction, a stray capacitance generated between the coils and a coil inductance constitute a parallel resonance circuit, Tuning capacity 25
Can be unnecessary or significantly reduced. In addition, since the rectifier circuit 203 is configured to perform full-wave rectification, the ripple is reduced, the smoothing capacitance is also reduced, and the smoothing capacitor can be reduced in size and incorporated, and the wireless chip 202 can be reduced in size. It is possible to do. In particular, by providing the variable impedance circuit 30 including a variable resistance element after the constant voltage power supply circuit 204 provided after the rectifier circuit 203, the element size of the withstand voltage protection circuit 30 can be reduced. Can be made smaller, and not only the chip but also the IC
The cost as a card can be reduced, and the temperature rise of the variable impedance circuit 30 including the variable resistance element can be reduced, so that the chip 220 can have high reliability.

As described above, in the close proximity wireless transfer card system, by bringing the non-contact card (proximity wireless card: IC card) 2 close to the reader / writer 1 and the reader / writer 1, the contactless reader / writer 1 is not contacted. Power is transmitted wirelessly to the card 2 and information is transmitted and received (communicated) wirelessly. That is, in the close proximity wireless card system, a power transmission wave or a communication wave is radiated by the coil for the reader / writer or the spiral antenna 101, and the electromagnetic wave is received and induced by the coil or the spiral antenna 201 on the card side, and the circuit on the card side is generated. It operates and detects signals.

[0037]

According to the present invention, even if the distance between the IC card and the reader / writer fluctuates greatly, withstand voltage protection provided to the internal circuit of the IC card from the reader / writer wirelessly to the internal circuit of the IC card. There is an effect that it is possible to realize a wireless power transmission system and an IC card in which the element size of the circuit is reduced and the temperature rise of the variable impedance circuit is reduced so that power can be stably supplied. In particular, since the element size of the withstand voltage protection circuit can be reduced and the temperature rise of the variable impedance circuit can be reduced, the IC card can be configured by mounting an antenna for receiving electromagnetic waves and a one-chip element, and is inexpensive. A simple IC card can be realized. Further, according to the present invention, the power is transmitted by electromagnetic waves to the reader and / or the writer using the coil-shaped or spiral-shaped antenna coil, and the IC card is simply passed or approached in a non-contact manner. The element size of the pressure-resistant protection circuit provided on the IC card is reduced by radio from the reader and / or the writer to the internal circuit of the IC card, and the temperature rise of the variable impedance circuit is reduced to improve power responsiveness. There is an effect that a wireless power transmission system and an IC card capable of stably supplying power can be realized.

According to the present invention, even if the distance between the IC card and the reader / writer fluctuates greatly,
A wireless power transmission system and an IC card that can stably supply power by reducing the temperature rise of the variable impedance circuit by controlling the capacitance with respect to the induced power received on the IC card side; and IC
There is an effect that an information communication system using a card can be realized. Further, according to the present invention, only by passing or approaching the IC card to the reader and / or the writer in a non-contact manner, appropriate power is wirelessly supplied to the IC card from the power transmission unit of the reader and / or the writer. The IC card is transmitted stably to the internal circuit of the IC card, and the reader / writer and the IC
There is an effect that it is possible to realize a wireless power transmission system, an IC card, and an information communication system using the IC card, which enable highly reliable information communication with the card. Further, according to the present invention, the reader and / or the writer device stably supplies power to the IC card in a non-contact manner, so that information can be reliably transmitted between the reader and / or the writer device and the IC card. There is an effect that an information communication system using an IC card capable of communication (transmission / reception) can be realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration of a power transmission system for wirelessly transmitting power from a reader and / or a writer provided at a ticket gate or a bus provided at a station to a non-contact IC card passed or approached according to the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a wireless power transmission system according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between a distance d between a coil of a power supply circuit provided in a reader and / or a writer and an IC card, and an induced voltage VL obtained from a rectifier circuit.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a first embodiment of a wireless power transmission control system according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a second embodiment of a wireless power transmission control system according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a specific first embodiment of the variable impedance circuit 30 illustrated in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a state in which an induced voltage is controlled within an allowable range based on impedance control.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a specific second embodiment of the variable impedance circuit 30 shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a specific third embodiment of the variable impedance circuit 30 shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a wireless power transmission control system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fourth embodiment of a wireless power transmission control system according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the entire system including a portion serving as a ticket, a commuter pass and the like by transmitting and receiving information such as a ticket and a commuter pass using wireless communication according to the present invention; It is a block diagram.

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a mounted state of the IC card according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the whole, including a part serving as a ticket, a commuter pass, and the like by transmitting and receiving information such as a ticket, a commuter pass, and the like using wireless communication according to the present invention; It is a block diagram.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a relationship between a power transmission wave and a data communication modulation wave according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Reader and / or writer (R / W unit), 2 ... IC card, 21, 21a, 21b ... Power supply circuit, 22 ... Power supply, 22a ... Control power supply, 23 ... Matching circuit,
24 ... coil, 26 ... coil, 28, 28a, 28b ...
Induced voltage generator, 29: internal circuit, 30: variable impedance circuit, 31: voltage detection circuit, 32: control circuit, 3
6 ... coil, 37 ... coil, 51 ... information transmitting / receiving unit, 52
... CPU, 53 ... memory, 54, 65 ... modulation unit, 55,
64 demodulation unit, 59 coil, 62 CPU, 63 memory 101 R / W coil, 102 matching circuit (feeding circuit), 103 inductance coupling, 105 power supply, 1
06: transmission data, 107: coding circuit, 108: modulator, 109: transmission amplifier, 110: filter circuit, 11
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Receiving amplifier, 112 ... Demodulator, 113 ... Decoding circuit, 201 ... Card coil, 202 ... Wireless chip, 20
3: matching / rectifying circuit, 205: DC voltage power supply, 206:
Clock extraction circuit, 207 LPF circuit, 208 Waveform shaping circuit, 209 Load switching modulation circuit, 21
0: CPU + interface chip, 211: frequency dividing circuit, 212: decoding circuit, 213: reception data control circuit, 214: microcomputer, 215: transmission data control circuit,
216 ... Coding circuit

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Kenji Nagai 2326 Imai, Ome-shi, Tokyo Inside the Device Development Center, Hitachi, Ltd.

Claims (27)

[Claims] 1. An electric power transmission system for transmitting electric power from an electric power transmission device to an IC card using electromagnetic waves, wherein the IC card includes an antenna having a resonance circuit for receiving the transmitted electromagnetic waves, and an antenna for receiving the electric waves. A full-wave rectifier circuit for full-wave rectification of the induced electric power, a power supply circuit for converting a DC voltage full-wave rectified by the full-wave rectification circuit to a power supply voltage composed of a DC voltage, and a full-wave rectification circuit for the full-wave rectification circuit. A detection circuit for detecting the DC voltage, and controlling the impedance with respect to the power supply voltage converted by the power supply circuit so that the DC voltage detected by the detection circuit becomes a desired DC voltage. A power transmission system comprising: an impedance control circuit unit to be obtained; and an internal circuit receiving a desired power supply voltage obtained from the impedance control circuit unit. 2. An electric power transmission system for transmitting electric power from an electric power transmitting device to an IC card using electromagnetic waves, wherein the IC card comprises: a receiving section receiving electric power induced by the transmitted electromagnetic waves; A rectification circuit unit that rectifies the received induced power and converts it to a DC voltage, a detection circuit unit that detects an induced power obtained from the receiving unit or a voltage corresponding to the induced power, and a detection circuit unit that detects the voltage. A variable impedance control circuit for controlling impedance of a DC voltage obtained from the rectifier circuit based on the induced power or a voltage corresponding to the induced power, and receiving a supply of the controlled DC voltage from the variable impedance control circuit; A power transmission system having an internal circuit. 3. A power transmission device having a power supply circuit for generating high-frequency power and an antenna for generating an electromagnetic wave corresponding to the high-frequency power generated by the power supply circuit, and receiving an electromagnetic wave transmitted from the antenna of the power transmission device. Having a resonant circuit, a full-wave rectifier circuit for full-wave rectification of the induced power received by the antenna, and a power supply circuit for converting a DC voltage full-wave rectified by the full-wave rectifier circuit into a power supply voltage composed of a DC voltage And a detection circuit for detecting a DC voltage that has been full-wave rectified by the full-wave rectification circuit, and a power supply voltage converted by the power supply circuit so that the DC voltage detected by the detection circuit becomes a desired DC voltage. Having an impedance control circuit for obtaining a desired power supply voltage by controlling the impedance, and an internal circuit receiving supply of a desired power supply voltage obtained from the impedance control circuit. A power transmission system comprising a C card. 4. A power transmission device having a power supply circuit for generating high-frequency power and an antenna for generating an electromagnetic wave corresponding to the high-frequency power generated by the power supply circuit, and an electromagnetic wave transmitted from the antenna of the power transmission device. A receiving unit that receives power, a rectifying circuit unit that rectifies the induced power received by the receiving unit and converts it into a DC voltage, and a detection circuit that detects the induced power obtained from the receiving unit or a voltage corresponding to the induced power A variable impedance control circuit for controlling the impedance of a DC voltage obtained from the rectifier circuit based on the induced power detected by the detection circuit or a voltage corresponding to the induced power, and the variable impedance control circuit And an internal circuit receiving a DC voltage controlled by a control unit. 5. A power transmission system for transmitting power from a power transmission device to an IC card using an electromagnetic wave, wherein the transmitted induced power is converted into a DC voltage, and the transmitted induced power or the induced power is converted to a DC voltage. And detecting an induced voltage or an induced voltage or a voltage corresponding to the induced power to control a capacitance to obtain a desired DC voltage and supply the IC card to an internal circuit. Characteristic power transmission system. 6. A power transmission device having a power supply circuit for generating high-frequency power and an antenna for generating an electromagnetic wave corresponding to the high-frequency power generated by the power supply circuit; and converting the transmitted induced power to a DC voltage; Detecting the transmitted induced power or a voltage corresponding to the induced power, controlling the capacitance based on the detected induced voltage or the voltage corresponding to the induced power, obtaining a desired DC voltage, and A power transmission system comprising an IC card for supplying a circuit. 7. A power transmission system for transmitting power from a power transmission device to an IC card using electromagnetic waves, wherein the transmitted induced power is converted to a DC voltage and supplied to an internal circuit, and the transmitted induced power is transmitted to an internal circuit. An IC card for detecting the induced power or a voltage corresponding to the induced power, and transmitting information on the detected induced power or the voltage corresponding to the induced power to the power transmission device using electromagnetic waves; A power transmission system that controls power transmitted from the power transmission device based on the received information. 8. A power transmission system for transmitting power from a power transmission device to an IC card using electromagnetic waves, comprising: a conversion circuit for converting the transmitted induced power to a DC voltage; and a DC voltage converted by the conversion circuit. An IC card having an internal circuit capable of receiving a voltage supply and a detection circuit for detecting the transmitted induced power or a voltage corresponding to the induced power;
Means for transmitting information on the induced power detected by the detection circuit of the IC card or a voltage corresponding to the induced power to the power transmitting device using electromagnetic waves, and transmitting the power based on the information transmitted by the means; A power transmission system, comprising: control means for controlling power from the device. 9. A power transmission system for transmitting power from a power transmission device to an IC card using electromagnetic waves, comprising: an IC card that converts the transmitted induced power into a DC voltage and supplies the DC voltage to an internal circuit. Detecting information corresponding to a relative position between the IC card and the power transmitting device, and controlling power transmitted from the power transmitting device based on the detected information. system. 10. A power transmission system for transmitting power from a power transmission device to an IC card using electromagnetic waves, comprising: an IC card that converts the transmitted induced power into a DC voltage and supplies the DC voltage to an internal circuit. Detecting information corresponding to a relative position between the IC card and the power transmission device, and controlling a impedance in the IC card based on the detected information to obtain a desired DC voltage. Power transmission system. 11. A power transmission system for transmitting power from a power transmission device to an IC card using electromagnetic waves, comprising: a conversion circuit for converting the transmitted induced power to a DC voltage; and a DC voltage converted by the conversion circuit. An IC card having an internal circuit capable of receiving supply of voltage, detecting means for detecting information corresponding to a relative position between the IC card and the power transmitting device, and detecting the information based on the information detected by the detecting means. A power transmission system comprising: control means for controlling power from a power transmission device. 12. An antenna having a resonance circuit for receiving a transmitted electromagnetic wave, a full-wave rectification circuit for full-wave rectification of the induced power received by the antenna, and a direct-current rectified by the full-wave rectification circuit in the full-wave rectification circuit. A power supply circuit for converting a voltage into a power supply voltage comprising a DC voltage, a detection circuit for detecting a DC voltage full-wave rectified by the full-wave rectification circuit, and a DC voltage detected by the detection circuit to a desired DC voltage An impedance control circuit for controlling the impedance with respect to the power supply voltage converted by the power supply circuit to obtain a desired power supply voltage, and an internal portion for receiving a supply of the desired power supply voltage obtained from the impedance control circuit. IC having circuit
card. 13. The IC card according to claim 12, wherein the impedance in said variable impedance circuit section is formed by a resistor. 14. The IC card according to claim 12, wherein the full-wave rectifier circuit, the power supply circuit, the detection circuit, the impedance control circuit, and the internal circuit are formed on one chip. 15. A receiving unit for receiving an induced power by an electromagnetic wave, a rectifying circuit unit for rectifying the induced power received by the receiving unit and converting the rectified power to a DC voltage, and an induced power obtained from the receiving unit or the induced power. And a variable impedance control circuit for controlling the impedance of a DC voltage obtained from the rectifier circuit based on the induced power detected by the detection circuit or a voltage corresponding to the induced power. And an internal circuit for receiving a DC voltage controlled from the variable impedance control circuit section. 16. A receiving unit for receiving an induced power by an electromagnetic wave, a rectifying circuit unit for rectifying the induced power received by the receiving unit and converting the rectified power to a DC voltage, an induced power obtained from the receiving unit or the induced power. A detection circuit for detecting a corresponding voltage; and an induced power detected by the detection circuit or a capacitance controlled based on a voltage corresponding to the induced power to obtain a desired DC voltage from the rectifier circuit. An IC card comprising: a capacitance control circuit unit; and an internal circuit controlled by the capacitance control circuit unit and receiving a DC voltage from the rectifier circuit unit. 17. A reader and / or writer device having an information communication unit and a power transmission unit, and transmitting power from the power transmission unit to an IC card using electromagnetic waves by using an electromagnetic wave. An antenna having a resonance circuit that receives an electromagnetic wave transmitted from the device, a full-wave rectifier circuit that performs full-wave rectification of the induced power received by the antenna, and a DC voltage that is full-wave rectified by the full-wave rectifier circuit. A power supply circuit that converts the power supply voltage into a power supply voltage, a detection circuit that detects a DC voltage that has been full-wave rectified by the full-wave rectification circuit, and a DC voltage that is detected by the detection circuit is a desired DC voltage. An impedance control circuit for controlling impedance with respect to the power supply voltage converted by the power supply circuit to obtain a desired power supply voltage; and a desired power supply obtained from the impedance control circuit. The IC card having an internal circuit receiving a supply of a voltage, wherein information is communicated between the internal circuit of the IC card and an information communication unit of the reader and / or writer device using electromagnetic waves. I characterized by comprising
An information communication system using a C card. 18. A reader and / or writer device having an information communication unit and a power transmission unit, and transmitting power from the power transmission unit to an IC card using electromagnetic waves. The transmitted induced power is converted into a DC voltage and supplied to an internal circuit.
Detecting the induced power transmitted to the C card or a voltage corresponding to the induced power, and using the electromagnetic wave to transmit information on the detected induced power or the voltage corresponding to the induced power to the power of the reader and / or the writer device. A reader and / or writer device configured to control power transmitted from the power transmitting unit based on information transmitted from the IC card; I is characterized in that information is communicated between the internal circuit of the IC card and the information communication section of the reader and / or writer device using electromagnetic waves.
An information communication system using a C card. 19. A reader and / or writer device having an information communication unit and a power transmission unit, and transmitting power from the power transmission unit to an IC card using electromagnetic waves. Power transmitter and I
Detecting means for detecting a relative position with respect to the C card, wherein the reader and / or the writer device is transmitted from the power transmitting unit based on information on the relative position detected by the detecting means. A control unit for controlling power; and an IC card for converting induced power transmitted from a power transmission unit of the reader and / or writer device using an electromagnetic wave into a DC voltage and supplying the DC voltage to an internal circuit, I is characterized in that information is communicated between the internal circuit of the IC card and the information communication section of the reader and / or writer device by using electromagnetic waves.
An information communication system using a C card. 20. Power transmission using electromagnetic waves from the reader and / or writer device to an IC card, and transmission of electromagnetic waves between an internal circuit of the IC card and an information communication section of the reader and / or writer device. 20. The communication according to claim 17, wherein communication of the used information is performed using a common antenna provided in each of the reader and / or writer device and the IC card. An information communication system using an IC card. 21. A power supply unit for generating a power transmission signal, an encoding circuit for encoding input transmission data, and a signal obtained from the power supply unit. A modulator for amplitude-modulating and superimposing a signal obtained from the encoding circuit, a power supply circuit for supplying power based on the signal obtained from the modulator, and generating the electromagnetic wave according to a current supplied by the power supply circuit. 19. The antenna according to claim 17, further comprising:
Or an information communication system using the IC card according to item 19. 22. In the IC card, a decoding circuit for shaping and decoding a communication modulation wave detected by the antenna and receiving data decoded by the decoding circuit is input as the internal circuit. A microcomputer that outputs transmission data, an encoding circuit that encodes the transmission data output from the microcomputer, and a modulator that modulates the signal based on the signal encoded by the encoding circuit and inputs the signal to the antenna. 20. An information communication system using an IC card according to claim 17, wherein the information communication system comprises: 23. A reader and / or writer device having an information communication unit and a power transmission unit, and transmitting power from the power transmission unit to an IC card using electromagnetic waves. The apparatus converts the induced power transmitted from the device into a DC voltage, detects the transmitted induced power or a voltage corresponding to the induced power, and detects static based on the detected induced voltage or a voltage corresponding to the induced power. Converting the transmitted induced power supplied to the internal circuit by controlling the capacitance to obtain a desired DC voltage and converting it to a DC voltage, detecting the transmitted induced power or a voltage corresponding to the induced power,
An IC card for controlling a capacitance based on the detected induced voltage or a voltage corresponding to the induced power to obtain a desired DC voltage and supplying the DC voltage to an internal circuit; I is characterized in that information is communicated with the information communication section of the reader and / or writer device using electromagnetic waves.
An information communication system using a C card. 24. Power transmission using electromagnetic waves from the reader and / or writer device to an IC card, and transmission of electromagnetic waves between an internal circuit of the IC card and an information communication section of the reader and / or writer device. The IC card according to claim 23, wherein communication of the used information is performed using a common antenna provided in each of the reader and / or writer device and the IC card. Information and communication system. 25. A reader and / or writer device comprising: a power supply unit for generating a power transmission signal; an encoding circuit for encoding input transmission data; and a signal obtained from the power supply unit. A modulator for amplitude-modulating and superimposing a signal obtained from the encoding circuit, a power supply circuit for supplying power based on the signal obtained from the modulator, and generating the electromagnetic wave according to a current supplied by the power supply circuit. 24. The IC according to claim 23, further comprising:
Information communication system using cards. 26. In the IC card, a decoding circuit for demodulating and decoding a communication modulation wave detected by the antenna and reception data decoded by the decoding circuit are input as the internal circuit. A microcomputer that outputs transmission data, an encoding circuit that encodes the transmission data output from the microcomputer, and a modulator that modulates based on a signal encoded by the encoding circuit and inputs the modulated signal to the antenna. The information communication system using an IC card according to claim 23, comprising: 27. A power transmission system for transmitting power from a power transmission device to an IC card using electromagnetic waves, comprising: converting the transmitted induced power to a DC voltage; and transmitting the transmitted induced power or the induced power. And detecting an induced voltage or an IC card that controls inductance based on the detected induced voltage or a voltage corresponding to the induced power to obtain a desired DC voltage and supply the DC voltage to an internal circuit. Power transmission system.