JPH10128302A - Garbage treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage treatment apparatus small in size, excellent in treatment capacity and easy in maintenance control. SOLUTION: This garbage treatment apparatus A is equipped with a garbage crushing disposer 2, a drying tank 3 heating the crushed garbage falling from a discharge port 21 by heated air k1 and stirring the same by stirring blades 5 rotated at a low speed to dry the garbage and a fermentation tank 6 horizontally provided to the drying tank 3 and performing the fermentative decomposition of garbage overflowing a communication part 311 by bacteria while stirring garbage by stirring blades 5 rotated at a low speed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage processing apparatus for processing organic substances such as garbage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a prior art, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-89379 has been proposed.
As shown in FIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 4, horizontal cylindrical tanks 102 and 103 provided with a communication hole 101 in the center are provided in two upper and lower stages, an upper fermenter 104 and a lower tank are drying tanks 105, and each horizontal cylindrical tank is Inside the tanks 102 and 103, stirring shafts 106 and 107 having opposite vane angles are provided on both sides, respectively.
A garbage processing apparatus 100 provided with a driving device 108 for rotating at a lower speed than the side is described, and is used as follows.

[0003] The fermenter 104 in the upper stage from the raw material input port 109
Inside (70 ° C.), organic waste as a raw material is charged. The fermentation is performed by the action of microorganisms while stirring at a low speed (3 rpm) by the stirring shaft 106 having the blade angle in the opposite direction. At this time, the input waste is circulated in the fermenter 104 in both directions by reversing the stirring shaft 106,
Let them ferment for one day.

[0004] When the stirring shaft 106 is subsequently rotated forward, the fermented waste is scraped toward the center by the stirring shaft and falls from the communication hole 101 to the lower drying tank 105. Then, in the next day, the hotter drying tank (85
(° C.), a relatively high speed (1
If the stirring is performed at 0 rpm), a sufficiently dried organic fertilizer can be obtained.

[0005]

The above-mentioned conventional garbage processing apparatus has the following problems. This is a structure in which organic waste that has not been pulverized is fed into the fermentation tank 104 from the raw material input port 109, and the waste is fermented in the fermentation tank 104, then dropped into the drying tank 105 and dried. .

Therefore, the fermentation tank 104 and the drying tank 105
Needs to be increased (for example, 2 m in length × 3 m in width × 1.5 m in height), and the garbage processing apparatus 100 becomes large. Before the waste is introduced, the sawdust (carrier) having the microorganisms attached thereto must be placed in the fermenter 104, and the fermenter 104 is brought into a state suitable for the fermentation action of the microorganisms (moisture, temperature, crushing). Level, oxygen content), and maintenance is troublesome.

Further, erroneously, large and hard wastes or wastes that cannot be decomposed by fermentation are supplied to the fermenter 1 through the raw material inlet 109.
04, the communication hole 101 is clogged and the fermenter 1
04 is filled with waste, and the stirring shaft 106 stops moving and breaks down.

[0008] An object of the present invention is to provide a compact and excellent processing capability,
Another object of the present invention is to provide a garbage disposal apparatus that is easy to maintain.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

(Regarding the operation and effect of claim 1) The garbage put in the drying tank is stirred by the stirring / transporting means while being heated, and the amount of water is reduced by water reduction. The garbage that has been reduced in water weight has
It moves to the fermenter tank side while being stirred by the stirring / transferring means, and overflows from the communicating portion of the partition wall to the fermenter tank. The garbage moved into the fermenter is stirred by the stirring / transferring means, and is fermented and decomposed by microorganisms attached to the garbage.

Since the garbage is dried (reduced in weight) in the drying tank and then decomposed by microorganisms in the fermentation tank, the volumes of the drying tank and the fermentation tank are reduced by the conventional garbage apparatus (fermentation → drying). The same processing can be performed even if it is smaller than that of ()). In addition, since garbage in the fermentation tank and the inside of the fermentation tank are in a state suitable for the fermentation action of microorganisms (moisture content and temperature suitable for fermentation), a carrier (eg, sawdust, etc.) for supporting the microorganisms is used. No need. For this reason, the garbage processing apparatus can be reduced in size, has a high processing capacity, and is easy to maintain.

(Regarding the function and effect of the second aspect) The input garbage is crushed by crushing means and discharged to a drying tank. The garbage was crushed (reduced in weight) by crushing means, and the crushed garbage was dried in a drying tank (further reduced in weight).
Later, the microorganisms attached to the garbage are decomposed in the fermentation tank, so that the volume of the drying tank and the fermentation tank is substantially the same even if the volume of the conventional garbage apparatus (fermentation → drying) is considerably smaller. Processing can be performed.

Further, the garbage put into the drying tank is crushed by the crushing means, so that the garbage can be surely dried, and the garbage in the fermentation tank and the fermentation The inside of the tank is in a more suitable state for fermentation of microorganisms (suitable for fermentation, water content, temperature, pulverized state)
Therefore, there is no need to use a carrier (such as sawdust) for supporting microorganisms. For this reason, the garbage processing apparatus can be reduced in size, has a high processing capacity, and is easy to maintain.

[0013] The stirring / transporting means comprises a rotating shaft which is rotated at a low speed by a driving device, and a plurality of stirring blades whose base ends are fixed in place on the rotating shaft. The garbage in the drying tank is stirred by the stirring blades while being heated by the heated air, and the amount of water is reduced by reducing the amount of water. The garbage that has been reduced in volume by water reduction gradually moves to the fermentation tank by the stirring blade having an angled wing, and overflows from the communicating portion of the partition wall to the fermentation tank. The garbage transferred to the fermenter is stirred by stirring blades, and microorganisms are fermented and decomposed.

[0014] By means of the stirring blade having an angle to the blade, the garbage that has been completely dried can be sequentially moved to the fermenter without using a timer or the like. Therefore, the garbage processing apparatus has a simple configuration and can be manufactured at low cost.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention (Claims 1 to 3)
Will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG, garbage processing device A includes a casing 1, a disposer 2 pulverizing food waste, the drying vessel 3 for drying the pulverized food waste g ₂ discharged from the discharge port 21, the rotary shaft 4 A stirrer blade 5 to be fixed and a fermenter 6 for fermenting and decomposing garbage by microorganisms are provided. Also, 71 is an electric heater for heating air, 72 is a dehumidifier for dehumidifying, 73 is a driving device for rotating the rotating shaft 4 at low speed, 74 is a pump for ventilating, etc.
75 is a deodorizer for deodorizing, and 76 is a residue box for storing the residue.

As shown in FIG. 2, the disposer 2 includes a disposer casing 22 having a discharge port 21, a motor 23 (1HP, 1700 rpm or more), and a motor shaft 24.
A rotary blade 25 fixed to the rotary blade 25, an impeller 26 welded to the lower surface of the rotary blade 25, and a foreign matter removing shutter 27. The disposer casing 22 has a cylindrical shape and communicates with the garbage inlet 11 having an opening / closing lid (not shown) formed on the upper surface of the casing 1.

The garbage g ₁ introduced into the disposer 2 from the garbage inlet 11 is pulverized by the rotary blade 25,
The crushed garbage g ₂ falls into the drying tank 3 from the discharge port 21. In addition, foreign matter and garbage that could not be crushed (fish head, shell, shell, bone, etc.) are discharged from the disposer 2 to the drying tank 3 by raising the foreign matter removing shutter 27.

The drying tank 3 is a decomposition tank 1 having a substantially U-shaped cross section.
0 (the drying tank 3 + the fermentation tank 6) occupies the right half (see FIG. 1). In the drying tank 3, a stirring blade 5 fixed to the rotating shaft 4 rotates at a low speed in the tank, and the stirring blade 5
A fixed comb-like blade 8 passing through 1 is provided horizontally below the tank wall 30 (the lower end of the vertical portion).

The air k ₀ in the casing 1 is supplied to an electric heater 71 whose heating power is controlled by a temperature controller (not shown).
And the heated air k ₁ passes through the gap 12 (between the casing 1 and the decomposition tank 10), and mainly in the drying tank 3 (the fermentation tank 6).
In).

The drying tank 3 is supplied with heated air k ₁ , and the temperature in the drying tank 3 is maintained at 80 ° C. Thus, the moisture of pulverized garbage g ₂ evaporates. The pump 74 performs ventilation and dehumidification by sucking air (160 liters / minute) into the deodorizer 75 and the dehumidifier 72 from the inside of the decomposition tank (drying tank 3 + fermentation tank 6). Steam vaporized from the garbage and filled in the decomposition tank is separated into condensed water and air by the dehumidifier 72, the condensed water is dropped into the deodorizer 75, and the air is returned to the decomposition tank.

The rotating shaft 4 is rotated at a low speed of 2 rpm by a driving device (electric motor having a speed reduction mechanism) 73. The stirring blades 5 (eight) have a flat plate shape, and are fixed to various portions of the rotating shaft 4 by giving angles to the blades. The fermentation tank 6 occupies the left half of the casing 1 (see FIG. 1), and the stirring blade 5 fixed to the rotating shaft 4 rotates at a low speed in the tank. The temperature in the fermenter 6 is maintained at 50 ° C. suitable for the fermentation action of the microorganism.

Next, the operation of the garbage disposal apparatus A will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, the driving device 73 is activated, and a temperature controller is set so that the temperature in the drying tank 3 becomes 80 ° C. The garbage g ₁ is thrown into the disposer 2 from the garbage inlet 11, and the garbage g ₁ is crushed by the rotary blade 25, and the crushed garbage g ₂ falls into the drying tank 3 from the outlet 21.
In addition, foreign matters and garbage that could not be crushed (fish head, shell, shell, bone, etc.) are dropped from the disposer 2 to the drying tank 3 by raising the foreign matter removing shutter 27 after stopping the rotary blade 25.

The crushed garbage (or large garbage) in the drying tank 3 is stirred by the stirring blade 5 rotating at a low speed while being heated by the heating air k ₁ , so that moisture is efficiently removed.
Juice dripping and slimy feeling peculiar to garbage are removed and weight is reduced.

At this time, the garbage is vaporized and the decomposition tank 10
The steam filling the (drying tank 3 + fermentation tank 6) is supplied to the dehumidifier 72.
The condensed water is dropped into the deodorizer 75, and the dried air is returned to the decomposition tank 10.

The dried garbage (in the drying tank 3) overflows from the communicating portion 311 of the partition wall 31 and falls into the fermentation tank 6 by the stirring blade 5 having an angled blade.
In addition, since the dried garbage in the fermenter 6 contains an appropriate amount of water due to drying, it has a carrier function for maintaining the microorganisms required for garbage decomposition, such as adjusting the water content of the garbage and suppressing odor.

The dried garbage in the fermenter 6 is stirred by the stirring blades 5 rotating at a low speed, fermented by microorganisms attached to the garbage, and decomposed.

The pump 74 is used to ventilate the decomposition tank 1.
The air inside 0 is sucked, and the sucked air is sent to the deodorizer 75. Then, the deodorizer 75 deodorizes the air in the decomposition tank and the separated condensed water, and discharges it as wastewater to sewage.

When the decomposition is completed, the volume and weight are reduced, and the garbage (in the fermenter 6) overflows from the opening 78 and falls into the residue box 76.

Next, advantages of this embodiment will be described. [A] Crushed garbage g_TwoWas dried in the drying tank 3 (further,
After the weight loss), the microorganisms are decomposed in the fermenter 6 by the microorganism.
And garbage g with disposer 2 ₁The powder
And the volume of the drying tank 3 and the fermentation tank 6
Of the conventional garbage apparatus (fermentation → drying) shown in FIG.
(Fermentation tank + drying tank) Even if it is 1/2, it is the same level or more
(Can be processed in 24h). this
Therefore, the garbage disposal apparatus A is small (for example,
mx 120cm wide x 85cm high) and
High processing capacity.

[A] The garbage (in the drying tank 3) from which drying is completed is gradually transferred to the fermentation tank 6 by the stirring blade 5 having an angle to the blade. For this reason, the dried garbage can be moved to the fermenter 6 sequentially from the dried garbage without providing a separate transfer mechanism or using a timer. Thus, the garbage disposal apparatus A has a simple structure and can be manufactured at low cost.

[C] Since the dried garbage in the fermenter 6 contains an appropriate amount of water due to drying, a carrier function for maintaining the microorganisms required for garbage decomposition, such as water regulation of garbage and suppression of odor, is provided. Garbage disposal apparatus A is provided. For this reason, the garbage disposal apparatus A does not need to use a carrier such as sawdust which has been required in the past, does not require maintenance such as replacement of the carrier, and does not require much labor.

[D] Even if garbage g _{1 in an} amount exceeding the processing capacity is thrown in or foreign matter that cannot be decomposed by microorganisms is thrown in, it overflows from the opening 78 and falls into the residue box 76. Does not cause failure.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a structural explanatory view of a garbage disposal apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (a) and a top view (b) of a disposer portion of the garbage disposal apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a process of processing garbage by the garbage processing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a structural explanatory view of a conventional garbage processing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 disposer (breaking means) 3 drying tank 4 rotating shaft 5 stirring blades 6 fermentors 8 fixed blade 31 partition wall 73 drive device 81 blade gap A garbage disposal apparatus g ₁ garbage g ₂ crushed garbage k ₁ heated air

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A drying tank for reducing the water content of garbage by heating, a fermentation tank disposed laterally in the drying tank for decomposing the reduced garbage by microorganisms, and a communication section formed at an upper end, wherein the drying tank is provided. And a fermentation tank, and a stirring / transfer means for stirring the garbage in each tank and transferring the garbage from the drying tank to the fermentation tank. 2. A crushing means for crushing garbage, a drying tank to which heated air is supplied to reduce moisture in the crushed garbage discharged from said crushing means, A fermentation tank for decomposing garbage by microorganisms, a communicating part formed at the upper end, a partition for partitioning the drying tank and the fermentation tank, agitation of garbage in each tank, and a transfer from the drying tank to the fermentation tank. A garbage disposal apparatus having stirring / transfer means for transferring garbage. 3. The agitating / transporting means comprises a rotating shaft that is rotated at a low speed by a driving device, and a plurality of agitating blades that are fixed at appropriate positions on the rotating shaft by imparting an angle to the blade. Item 6. A garbage disposal apparatus according to item 2.