JP2004181325A

JP2004181325A - Garbage disposer

Info

Publication number: JP2004181325A
Application number: JP2002350126A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Shingo Maruyama; 真悟丸山; Yoshiyasu Mochizuki; 良泰望月
Original assignee: Izumi Products Co
Current assignee: Maxell Izumi Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-12-02
Filing date: 2002-12-02
Publication date: 2004-07-02
Anticipated expiration: 2022-12-02
Also published as: JP3954959B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage disposer which can efficiently treat garbage to reduce its size and weight. <P>SOLUTION: The garbage disposer is provided with a treating vessel (1) which has an upwardly opened inlet/outlet (2) of objective garbage (20) to be treated, a screw conveyor (5) which provides a lifting conveyance force, a cylindrical body (10) which is put on the shaft of the conveyor screw (5), is fixed inside the treating vessel (1) by a bar (14), has an opened inlet on the lower side, and is formed with chopper holes (12) of the size to permit passage of the objective garbage (20) on its peripheral surface. The disposer has the construction that a screw blade (8) constituting the conveyor screw (5) and having the maximum external diameter matched with the shaft of an inverted conical shape storable in an internal space (6) of the cylindrical body (1) and an internal space (6) existing between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body (1) and the screw conveyor (5) are gradually narrowed upward from downward and are sealed at the top ends. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、生ゴミを粉砕し、水分を減らすなどして縮小軽量化する生ゴミ処理機に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
この種の技術として、例えば、モータにて回転駆動される案内板が納められている処理槽内に、水分調整用であり且つ微生物の担体であるおがくずや木粉からなる調整材を入れ、微生物による発酵作用により、生ゴミを無害な水（蒸発）、気体（放散）および肥料となる残りかすに変化させる過程で、その残りかすの容積を縮小するようにした生ゴミ処理機が開示されている（特許文献１参照）。
【０００３】
また、スクリューコンベアを用いることにより、装置が簡単で設備コストが格段に低減でき、また撹拌と粉砕の調節が容易にでき、且つ撹拌粉砕と同時に水分や酸素濃度の調節等もできるようにした撹拌粉砕装置が開示されており（例えば、特許文献２参照）、撹拌用スクリューを回転させることにより、処理槽下部に堆積した被処理物はその底部から案内板部によって全体が撹拌されながら、スクリューコンベア部によって撹拌筒内に圧送されるものである。その際、被処理物は、撹拌筒の下端に形成された鋸刃によって破砕されながら撹拌筒内に圧送され、且つ一部が円筒壁に形成された粉砕用穴から押し出されることによって粉砕される。粉砕用穴及び撹拌筒の上部開口部周縁から押し出された被処理物は、分散状態で自然落下して再び堆積部に達し、その循環を繰り返すことにより目的を達成する。
【０００４】
また、油脂分や御飯類及び水分が多く含まれている生ごみであっても、団子状とならず効果的に粉砕処理ができ、従来よりも短時間に分解処理できる撹拌粉砕装置が開示されており（例えば、特許文献３参照）、処理槽の内部に、その上部には、粉砕用穴が形成された円筒状の撹拌筒内に嵌合するように回転駆動可能に撹拌スクリューが設けられており、撹拌スクリューは、撹拌筒内に嵌合している部分が圧送部を構成し、撹拌筒の下端からの突出部分が、撹拌筒の外径よりも大きい回転径を有する撹拌粉砕導入部を構成している。撹拌破砕導入部は、渦巻螺旋状となっているので、その外周面が撹拌作用を奏し、且つその外周面に粉砕用切り込みが形成されているので、被処理物を破砕する作用も奏するようにした撹拌粉砕装置である。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】
特開平８−２４８２６号公報
【特許文献２】
特許２５３３４５８（特開平７−８８３０）号公報
【特許文献３】
特開２００２−２３３７８６号公報
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、主に食堂、レストラン、病院、学校などの厨房設備から生ずる生ゴミを粉砕しながら乾燥させるなどの縮小軽量化処理する生ゴミ処理機においては、当該生ゴミ処理機の粉砕機構の効率が処理能力に影響するので、成分、形状および大きさが不揃いな生ゴミを、いかにして短時間で均等に粒を揃えた状態に粉砕加工するかという問題があった。
本発明は、前記課題を解決するためになされたものであり、粉砕効率の観点から生ゴミの縮小軽量化処理を効率良くした生ゴミ処理機を提供することを目的としている。
そして、微生物による発酵作用を応用した生ゴミ処理機を提供することを課題とする。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するために、請求項１に記載の発明は、被処理物（２０）の出入口（２）を上向きに開口した処理槽（１）と、前記処理槽（１）の床下に配設されたモータ（３）と、前記モータ（３）の駆動力を処理槽（１）の内部に伝達する駆動力伝達機構（４）と、記駆動力伝達機構（４）に前記処理槽（１）の内部で接続され、持ち上げ搬送力を具備したコンベアスクリュー（５）と、前記コンベアスクリュー（５）の上部を軸支する軸受（９）と、前記軸受（９）を前記処理槽（１）の出入口（２）に近い中央部に固定する桟（１４）と、前記コンベアスクリュー（５）の軸上に覆い被せられ、前記桟（１４）で前記処理槽（１）内に固定され、下方に入口を開口し、周面には前記被処理物（２０）の通過を許容する大きさのチョッパー穴（１２）を穿設された筒体（１０）と、を備えた生ゴミ処理機において、前記コンベアスクリュー（５）を構成し、前記筒体（１０）の内部空間（６）に収納可能な逆円錐形の軸に最大外径を一致させたスクリュー羽根（８）と、前記筒体（１０）の内周面と前記コンベアスクリュー（５）との間に存在する内部空間（６）は、下方から上方に向かって徐々に狭まり、上端部が封鎖された構造であることを特徴とする。
【０００８】
請求項１に記載の発明によれば、前記処理槽（１）の上部で上向きに開口した出入口（２）から前記被処理物（２０）を投入すると、その被処理物（２０）は、前記処理槽（１）の底方向へ移動し、持ち上げ搬送力を具備したコンベアスクリュー（５）の入口に近づく。
【０００９】
前記筒体（１０）内部は、前記逆円錐形の軸太部で狭くなり、その内部空間（６）には、前記逆円錐形の軸に最大外径を一致させたスクリュー羽根（８）の搬送作用に応じて、前記被処理物（２０）が搬入され、内圧を高められるが、上端部が封鎖された構造であるために、前記被処理物（２０）の通過を許容する大きさのチョッパー穴（１２）から、ひき肉の要領で前記被処理物（２０）を前記処理槽（１）内へと押し出す。
【００１０】
このように、コンベアスクリュー（５）持ち上げ搬送力により、筒体（１０）へ圧入されて行き場を無くした前記被処理物（２０）は、前記筒体（１０）の周面に穿設されたチョッパー穴（１２）を通って筒体（１０）から排出される。この時、チョッパー穴（１２）より大きければ、通過できないので、前記被処理物（２０）は通過を許容される大きさに変形し切り刻まれながらチョッパー穴（１２）を通過する。
【００１１】
従って、生ゴミの縮小軽量化処理を効率良くした生ゴミ処理機を提供できる。そして、微生物による発酵作用を応用した生ゴミ処理機にも応用できる。
【００１２】
請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の発明において、前記コンベアスクリュー（５）の入口に配され、前記コンベアスクリュー（５）の基底部（１３）と一体的に回転する回転刃（７）と、前記駆動力伝達機構（４）に接続され前記コンベアスクリュー（５）とは逆方向の回転力を生ずる逆転機構（１６）と、前記逆転機構（１６）に接続され、前記コンベアスクリュー（５）の入口近傍で前記被処理物（２０）を撹拌する撹拌翼（１７）と、を備えたことを特徴とする。
【００１３】
請求項２に記載の発明によれば、請求項１に記載の発明の構成に加えて、逆転機構（１６）と、撹拌翼（１７）と、を備えたので、前記コンベアスクリュー（５）とは逆方向に回転する撹拌翼（１７）により、処理槽（１）の底に溜まった処理物（２０）は、前記処理槽（１）の底面近くで入口を下に開口した前記コンベアスクリュー（５）の入口へ、前記被処理物（２０）を強制的にねじ込まれるように円滑に移動する。従って、処理速度が上がる。
【００１４】
請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１または請求項２に記載の発明において、前記スクリュー羽根（８）の終端部で前記筒体（１０）の内周面と平行な刃面が前記スクリュー羽根（８）の回転方向に刃が進むように構成された切刃（１８）と、前記筒体（１０）の外周において、前記被処理物（２０）が前記筒体（１０）の下方へ移動する際に、前記コンベアスクリュー（５）および前記回転刃（７）の回転方向とは逆方向の渦巻きを生じるような方向性を持って配設された案内板（１１）と、前記筒体（１０）の周面において、前記チョッパー穴（１２）の近傍に前記チョッパー穴（１２）より小さく穿設された小穴（３７）と、を備えたことを特徴とする。
【００１５】
請求項３に記載の発明によれば、請求項１または請求項２に記載の発明の構成に加えて、前記切刃（１８）と、案内板（１１）と、小穴（３７）と、を備えたので、前記筒体（１０）の外周に配設された案内板（１１）に沿って、前記被処理物（２０）が前記筒体（１０）の下方へ移動する際に、前記コンベアスクリュー（５）および前記回転刃（７）の回転方向とは逆方向の渦巻きを生じる。そうすると前記コンベアスクリュー（５）の入口に向かって、前記被処理物（２０）が、速やかに吸い込まれるように作用する。しかも、前記回転刃（７）に対する相対速度を高くする方向の渦巻きのため、前記回転刃（７）がより多く切削加工する作用もある。
【００１６】
さらに、初期粉砕されたとしても、目づまりしがちな長い繊維質または塊状の生ゴミを含んだ前記被処理物（２０）の場合にも、細かく潰されて前記小穴（３７）からも排出され目づまりを防止する。このようにして、コンベアスクリュー（５）を詰まらせず、前記モータ（３）および前記駆動力伝達機構（４）に無理なく効率の良い運転ができる。
【００１７】
請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項１ないし請求項３の何れか１項に記載の発明において、前記処理槽（１）を加熱保温する加熱保温手段を備えたことを特徴とする。
【００１８】
請求項４に記載の発明によれば、請求項１ないし請求項３の何れか１項に記載の発明に加えて、前記加熱保温手段を備えたので、前記被処理物（２０）をヒータなどで加熱し水分の蒸発を促して乾燥させることにより、生ゴミ処理の時間を短縮できる。また、微生物の発酵作用を併用する場合には、活性化に寄与する最適温度に設定できる。
【００１９】
請求項５に記載の発明は、請求項１ないし請求項４の何れか１項に記載の発明において、前記処理槽（１）に送風機（３０）と排気口（３２）を備えたことを特徴とする。
【００２０】
請求項５に記載の発明は、請求項１ないし請求項４の何れか１項に記載の発明に加えて、前記送風機（３０）と前記排気口（３２）を備えたので、水分を多量に含んだ前記被処理物（２０）に送風して換気することにより水分の蒸発を促し乾燥させるので、生ゴミ処理の時間を短縮できる。また、好気性微生物の発酵作用を併用する場合には、活性化に寄与する最適の雰囲気に設定できる。
【００２１】
請求項６に記載の発明は、請求項１ないし請求項５の何れか１項に記載の発明において、前記コンベアスクリュー（５）の基底部（１３）と前記逆転機（１６）の回転軸結合を着脱自在にする角軸嵌合部（１５）を備えたことを特徴とする。
【００２２】
請求項６に記載の発明によれば、請求項１ないし請求項５の何れか１項に記載の発明の構成に加えて、前記角軸嵌合部（１５）を備えたので、前記コンベアスクリュー（５）を、その基底部（１３）にある前記角軸嵌合部（１５）で前記逆転機構（１６）と回転軸結合して生ゴミ処理機を作動させる。
【００２３】
一方、処理の完了した前記被処理物（２０）を前記処理槽（１）から排出し、その内部を掃除したりする際は、排出作業および清掃作業などの邪魔にならないように、前記コンベアスクリュー（５）を、その基底部（１３）にある前記角軸嵌合部（１５）で取り外すことができるので、作業が効率的に進められる。なお、前記コンベアスクリュー（５）に付随して前記筒体（１０）も同時に取り外すことができる。
【００２４】
請求項７に記載の発明は、請求項１ないし請求項６の何れか１項に記載の発明において、前記コンベアスクリュー（５）には軸中心部に通気可能な中空軸管（３６）と、前記中空軸管（３６）の随所に穿設された温風吹き出し穴（３８）と、前記中空軸管（３６）の上端に接続して温風を導入可能にする温風導入管（３５）と、前記温風導入管（３５）に接続して温風を送風する温風送風手段（３４）と、を備えたことを特徴とするので、コンベアスクリュー（５）の下部より温風を吹き出させ効率良く処理物を乾燥させることができる。
【００２５】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面に沿って、本発明に係る一実施形態について説明する。図１は、本発明の一実施形態の概略構成を示す一部縦断面による模式図であり、加熱保温手段であるヒータ（図略）付きの処理槽１が、生ゴミを主とする被処理物２０（矢印で模式的に図示）の出入口２を上向きに開口し、被処理物２０を上から入れて処理し、処理完了後に上から取り出す家庭用洗濯機のような据置き利用の形態を示している。ただし、家庭用ではなく業務用を想定した実施形態である。
なお、図示しない反転可能な支持装置により、処理槽１全体を支持し、適宜にさかさまに反転して下向きに開口した出入口２から被処理物２０を排出してもよい。
【００２６】
処理槽１の床下にはモータ３が配設され、モータ３の駆動力はベルト掛けまたは歯車減速（図略）した駆動力伝達機構４から、逆転機構１６に配設された角型断面の凸型駆動軸により、着脱自在の角軸嵌合部１５を介して、処理槽１の内部にあるコンベアスクリュー５の基底部１３に配設された凹型従動軸まで回転軸結合して伝達される。
【００２７】
なお、角軸嵌合部１５に関する詳細な図解は省略するが、適時に着脱自在であり、その凹部は下向きに開口しているので、凹部に詰まった被処理物２０も自然落下などにより外しやすい。
【００２８】
コンベアスクリュー５に同軸上で覆い被せられた筒体１０は処理槽１の底面近くで、入口を下向きに開口し、コンベアスクリュー５の持ち上げ搬送力により被処理物２０を筒体１０に圧入する。
【００２９】
コンベアスクリュー５は、筒体１０の内部空間６に収納可能な逆円錐形の軸に最大外径を一致させたスクリュー羽根８を配設し、筒体１０の下方では入口が広く開口し、筒体１０の上方では内部空間６が徐々に狭まるように構成されている。
【００３０】
従って、筒体１０の内部空間６は逆円錐形の軸太部で狭くなるので、処理完了した被処理物２０を処理槽１から排出する際に、筒体１０の内部空間６でスクリュー羽根８に絡み付いて離れない滞留分を少なくすることにより、稼働率を高くできるようになっている。
【００３１】
筒体１０の周面には被処理物２０の通過を許容する大きさのチョッパー穴１２を穿設してあり、コンベアスクリュー５の持ち上げ搬送力により筒体１０に圧入された被処理物２０は、筒体１０の上方で徐々に狭まる内部空間６から逃げ場を求めてチョッパー穴１２又は穴３７より筒体１０の外部へと脱出する。
【００３２】
この時、被処理物２０は、チョッパー穴１２が規制する断面形状に成形され、ひき肉状態または、ところてん式に押し出される。従って、チョッパー穴１２により、所望の断面形状の被処理物２３が得られる。なお、本実施形態では、前記周面に合計１２個のチョッパー穴１２が分散して穿設されている。チョッパー穴１２の上下中間部分は処理物が排出されずつまりやすいため小さな穴３７をあけ処理物の下から上への圧送を助ける役目をする。
【００３３】
チョッパー穴１２は被処理物２に対して、これを切り刻む刃物類の作用があり、刃物類と被処理物２０との相対速度を適切に加減することにより、裁断または粉砕の効果を最適条件に設定できる。そして、チョッパー穴１２より筒体１０の外部へと、ひき肉状態または、ところてん式に押し出される。
【００３４】
筒体１０の外周には案内板１１が、筒体１０の周面にチョッパー穴１２及び穴３７を避けるように配設され、処理槽１の上部で上向きに開口した出入口２から被処理物２０である生ゴミを投入すると、その被処理物２０は、処理槽１の内壁と筒体１０の外周の間を、処理槽１の底方向へと吸い込まれるように、上から下へと搬送される。
【００３５】
また、コンベアスクリュー５の入口に配設されコンベアスクリュー５の基底部１３と一体的に回転する回転刃７により、コンベアスクリュー５の入口の前で被処理物２０は初期粉砕され、長い繊維質または塊状の生ゴミを含んでいる場合にも、コンベアスクリュー５を詰まらせず、モータ３および駆動力伝達機構４に無理なく効率良い運転ができる。
【００３６】
また、処理槽１の壁芯には被処理物２０を加熱保温するヒータ（図略）を備えており、被処理物２０をヒータで加熱し、水分の蒸発を促して乾燥を早める一方、微生物の発酵作用を併用する場合には、活性化に寄与する最適温度、例えば７０〜８０°Ｃに設定することにより、生ゴミ処理の時間を短縮できる。
【００３７】
また、処理槽１に送風機３０と排気口３２を備え、水分を多量に含んだ被処理物２０に送風して換気することにより水分の蒸発を促して乾燥を早める一方、好気性微生物の発酵作用を併用する場合には、活性化に寄与する最適な水分、例えば６０〜７０％に設定し、乾燥させるので、生ゴミ処理の時間を短縮できる。
【００３８】
生ゴミ処理機の作動中は、コンベアスクリュー５を、その基底部１３にある角軸嵌合部１５で駆動力伝達機構４と回転軸結合する一方、処理の完了した被処理物２０を処理槽１から排出し、その内部を掃除したりする際は、コンベアスクリュー５の基底部１３にある角軸嵌合部１５を切り離すことにより、駆動力伝達機構４から取り外すことができるので、排出作業および清掃作業などの邪魔になる障害物がなくなって、作業が効率的に進められる。
【００３９】
なお、筒体１０とコンベアスクリュー５との結合は、軸受９を介して着脱自在となっている。
【００４０】
図２は金属製のコンベアスクリュー５の外観説明図であり、筒体１０の内部空間６で回転自在に収納可能な外形であり、筒体１０の内径より僅かに小さな直径に最大外径を一致させたスクリュー羽根８が、逆円錐形の外周上に配設されている。コンベアスクリュー５の上部には切刃１８が備え付けられて筒体１０上部の穴より固形物が排出される際に切断する。
【００４１】
図３は金属製の筒体１０の外観説明図であり、コンベアスクリュー５を収納し、内部空間６を少なくして、所望の搬送能力を維持するようにスクリュー羽根８および逆円錐形の軸とによる固体搬送効率が良くなるように構成されている。
【００４２】
なお、図１〜３は、何れも本発明の特徴を明示するための模式図およひ外観説明図である。従って、通常の設計図のように機械製図上の厳密性を確保した図面ではない。
また、規模と使用頻度の違い、さらに、連続運転と間欠運転の違いなどに応じ、業務用と家庭用の両方に実施可能である。
【００４３】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように構成したので、請求項１に記載の発明によれば、生ゴミの縮小軽量化処理を効率良くした生ゴミ処理機を提供できる。そして、微生物による発酵作用を応用した生ゴミ処理機にも応用できる。
【００４４】
また、請求項２に記載の発明によれば、処理槽の底に溜まった処理物は、処理槽の底面近くで入口を下に開口したコンベアスクリューの入口へ、被処理物を強制的にねじ込まれるように円滑に移動する。従って、処理速度が上がる。
【００４５】
また、請求項３に記載の発明によれば、コンベアスクリューの入口に向かって、被処理物が、速やかに吸い込まれるように作用する。しかも、回転刃に対する相対速度を高くする方向の渦巻きのため、回転刃がより多く切削加工する作用もある。
さらに、初期粉砕されたとしても、目づまりしがちな長い繊維質または塊状の生ゴミを含んだ被処理物の場合にも、細かく潰されて小穴からも排出され目づまりを防止する。このようにして、コンベアスクリューを詰まらせず、モータおよび駆動力伝達機構に無理なく効率の良い運転ができる。
【００４６】
また、請求項４または請求項５に記載の発明によれば、水分の蒸発を促して乾燥させることにより、生ゴミ処理の時間を短縮できる。また、微生物の発酵作用を併用する場合には、被処理物をヒータで加熱し活性化に寄与する最適温度に設定できる外、好気性微生物の発酵作用を併用する場合には、被処理物に送風して換気することにより、活性化に寄与する最適の雰囲気を設定できる。
【００４７】
また、請求項６に記載の発明によれば、コンベアスクリューを、その基底部にある角軸嵌合部で駆動力伝達機構と回転軸結合して生ゴミ処理機を作動させることができる。一方、処理の完了した被処理物を処理槽から排出し、その内部を掃除したりする際は、排出作業および清掃作業などの邪魔にならないように、コンベアスクリューを、その基底部にある角軸嵌合部で取り外すことができるので、作業が効率的に進められる。なお、コンベアスクリューに付随して筒体も同時に取り外せる。
【００４８】
また、請求項７に記載の発明によれば、コンベアスクリューの下部より温風を吹き出させ効率良く処理物を乾燥させることができる。
【００４９】
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態の概略構成を示す一部縦断面による模式図である。
【図２】コンベアスクリューの外観説明図である。
【図３】筒体の外観説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１処理槽
２出入口
３モータ
４駆動力伝達機構
５コンベアスクリュー
６内部空間
７回転刃
８スクリュー羽根
９軸受
１０筒体
１１案内板
１２チョッパー穴
１３基底部
１４桟（さん）
１５角軸嵌合部
１６逆転機構
１７撹拌翼
１８切刃
１９蝶ナット
２０，２１，２２，２３被処理物
３０送風機
３１空気
３２排気口
３３湿った空気
３４温風送風手段
３５温風導入管
３６中空軸管
３７目詰まり防止用の小穴
３８温風吹き出し穴[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a garbage disposer that reduces the size and weight of garbage by crushing the garbage and reducing moisture.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As this type of technology, for example, an adjusting material made of sawdust and wood flour, which is used for adjusting moisture and is a carrier of microorganisms, is placed in a treatment tank containing a guide plate that is rotationally driven by a motor. A garbage processing machine is disclosed that reduces the volume of garbage in the process of converting garbage into harmless water (evaporation), gas (emission), and residue as fertilizer by the fermentation action of the garbage. (See Patent Document 1).
[0003]
In addition, by using a screw conveyor, the equipment is simple and the equipment cost can be remarkably reduced, stirring and pulverization can be easily adjusted, and the water and oxygen concentration can be adjusted simultaneously with stirring and pulverization. A pulverizer is disclosed (for example, refer to Patent Document 2). By rotating a screw for stirring, an object to be processed deposited at a lower portion of a processing tank is stirred from the bottom by a guide plate portion while being entirely stirred by a screw conveyor. The pressure is fed into the stirring cylinder by the section. At this time, the object to be processed is pressure-fed into the stirring cylinder while being crushed by a saw blade formed at the lower end of the stirring cylinder, and is partially crushed by being pushed out from a crushing hole formed in the cylindrical wall. . The object to be processed, which has been extruded from the crushing hole and the periphery of the upper opening of the stirring cylinder, naturally falls in a dispersed state, reaches the accumulation section again, and achieves the object by repeating the circulation.
[0004]
In addition, a stirring and pulverizing apparatus that can effectively perform a pulverization process without forming a dumpling even in the case of garbage containing a large amount of fats and oils, rice, and water, and a decomposition process in a shorter time than before is disclosed. (See, for example, Patent Document 3), a stirring screw is rotatably driven inside the treatment tank and fitted on the upper part of the treatment tank so as to fit into a cylindrical stirring tube having a crushing hole formed therein. In the stirring screw, a portion fitted into the stirring tube constitutes a pressure feeding portion, and a protruding portion from the lower end of the stirring tube has a stirring and crushing introduction portion having a rotation diameter larger than the outer diameter of the stirring tube. Is composed. Since the stirring and crushing introduction portion has a spiral shape, the outer peripheral surface thereof has an agitating action, and the notch for pulverization is formed on the outer peripheral surface, so that it also has an effect of crushing the object to be processed. This is a stirring and crushing device.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-24826 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent No. 2533458 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-8830) [Patent Document 3]
JP 2002-233786 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in a garbage disposer that mainly performs reduction and weight reduction such as drying while crushing garbage generated from kitchen facilities such as canteens, restaurants, hospitals, and schools, the efficiency of the crushing mechanism of the garbage disposer is low. There is a problem of how to grind raw garbage having irregular components, shapes and sizes into a state in which the particles are uniformly arranged in a short time, because the processing ability is affected.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and has as its object to provide a garbage disposer in which garbage is efficiently reduced and lightened in terms of crushing efficiency.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a garbage disposer using a fermentation action of microorganisms.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 provides a processing tank (1) having an opening (2) for an object (20) to be opened upward and a floor under the processing tank (1). The motor (3) provided, a driving force transmission mechanism (4) for transmitting the driving force of the motor (3) to the inside of the processing tank (1), and the processing tank (4) A conveyor screw (5) which is connected inside 1) and has a lifting conveyance force, a bearing (9) which supports the upper part of the conveyor screw (5), and the bearing (9) is connected to the processing tank (1). And a bar (14) fixed to the central part near the entrance (2) of the above), and covered on the shaft of the conveyor screw (5), and fixed in the processing tank (1) by the bar (14). An inlet is opened downward, and a chop of a size allowing passage of the object to be processed (20) is provided on the peripheral surface. -A garbage disposal machine having a cylindrical body (10) having a hole (12) formed therein, wherein the conveyor screw (5) is formed and housed in the internal space (6) of the cylindrical body (10). A screw blade (8) whose maximum outer diameter matches a possible inverted conical shaft, and an internal space (6) existing between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body (10) and the conveyor screw (5). Is characterized in that it has a structure in which it gradually narrows from below to above and the upper end is closed.
[0008]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the object to be processed (20) is supplied from an entrance (2) opened upward in the upper part of the processing tank (1), the object to be processed (20) is It moves toward the bottom of the processing tank (1) and approaches the entrance of the conveyor screw (5) having lifting and conveying force.
[0009]
The inside of the cylindrical body (10) is narrowed at the thick portion of the inverted conical shape, and an internal space (6) of the screw blade (8) having a maximum outer diameter matching the inverted conical shaft is provided. The object (20) is carried in according to the transport action, and the internal pressure is increased. However, the upper end is closed, so that the object (20) is allowed to pass therethrough. The object to be processed (20) is extruded from the chopper hole (12) into the processing tank (1) in the same manner as ground meat.
[0010]
As described above, the workpiece (20), which has been pressed into the cylinder (10) by the lifting force of the conveyor screw (5) and has no place to go, is perforated on the peripheral surface of the cylinder (10). It is discharged from the cylinder (10) through the chopper hole (12). At this time, if the object to be processed (20) is larger than the chopper hole (12), it cannot pass through the chopper hole (12) while being deformed and cut into a size that allows the passage.
[0011]
Therefore, it is possible to provide a garbage disposal machine in which garbage is reduced and lightened efficiently. The present invention can also be applied to a garbage disposer using fermentation by microorganisms.
[0012]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, a rotary blade is disposed at an inlet of the conveyor screw (5) and rotates integrally with a base portion (13) of the conveyor screw (5). (7), a reverse rotation mechanism (16) that is connected to the driving force transmission mechanism (4) and generates a rotational force in the opposite direction to the conveyor screw (5), and is connected to the reverse rotation mechanism (16); A stirring blade (17) for stirring the object (20) near the inlet of the screw (5).
[0013]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the present invention, a reversing mechanism (16) and a stirring blade (17) are provided. The processed material (20) collected at the bottom of the processing tank (1) by the agitating blade (17) rotating in the opposite direction turns the conveyor screw ( The workpiece (20) is smoothly moved to the inlet of (5) so as to be forcibly screwed. Therefore, the processing speed increases.
[0014]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, a blade surface parallel to an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body (10) is provided at an end of the screw blade (8). On the cutting blade (18) configured to advance the blade in the rotation direction of the blade (8), and on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body (10), the object to be processed (20) is moved below the cylindrical body (10). A guide plate (11) arranged so as to generate a spiral in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the conveyor screw (5) and the rotary blade (7) when moving; A small hole (37) drilled smaller than the chopper hole (12) is provided near the chopper hole (12) on the peripheral surface of (10).
[0015]
According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the configuration of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the cutting blade (18), the guide plate (11), and the small hole (37) are provided. When the workpiece (20) moves below the cylindrical body (10) along the guide plate (11) provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body (10), the conveyor A spiral is generated in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the screw (5) and the rotary blade (7). Then, the workpiece (20) acts so as to be quickly sucked toward the entrance of the conveyor screw (5). In addition, since the spiral is formed in a direction in which the relative speed with respect to the rotary blade (7) is increased, the rotary blade (7) has an operation of cutting more.
[0016]
Furthermore, even if the object to be treated (20) contains long fibrous or lumpy garbage which tends to be clogged even if it is initially pulverized, it is finely crushed and discharged from the small hole (37). Prevent clogging. In this way, the motor (3) and the driving force transmission mechanism (4) can be operated without difficulty and efficiently without clogging the conveyor screw (5).
[0017]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention, further comprising a heating and heating means for heating and maintaining the processing tank (1).
[0018]
According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 3, since the heating and heat retaining means is provided, the object to be processed (20) can be a heater or the like. By heating and drying by heating to evaporate the water content, the time for garbage disposal can be shortened. When the fermentation action of microorganisms is used in combination, the temperature can be set to an optimum temperature that contributes to activation.
[0019]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a blower (30) and an exhaust port (32) are provided in the processing tank (1). And
[0020]
The invention according to claim 5 includes the blower (30) and the exhaust port (32) in addition to the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, so that a large amount of moisture is provided. The air is blown and ventilated to the object to be treated (20), thereby evaporating and drying the water, thereby shortening the time required for garbage disposal. When the fermentation action of an aerobic microorganism is used in combination, an optimal atmosphere that contributes to activation can be set.
[0021]
The invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the base (13) of the conveyor screw (5) and the rotating shaft of the reversing machine (16) are connected. And a square shaft fitting portion (15) for detachably mounting the shaft.
[0022]
According to the invention of claim 6, in addition to the configuration of the invention of any one of claims 1 to 5, the conveyor screw is provided with the square shaft fitting portion (15). (5) is connected to the reversing mechanism (16) by the rotating shaft at the square shaft fitting portion (15) at the base portion (13) to operate the garbage disposal machine.
[0023]
On the other hand, when discharging the processed object (20) from the processing tank (1) and cleaning the inside thereof, the conveyor screw is used so as not to hinder the discharging operation and the cleaning operation. (5) can be removed at the square shaft fitting portion (15) at the base portion (13), so that the work can be efficiently performed. In addition, the said cylindrical body (10) can also be removed simultaneously with the said conveyor screw (5).
[0024]
The invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the conveyor screw (5) has a hollow shaft pipe (36) that can be ventilated to a shaft center. A hot air blow-out hole (38) drilled anywhere in the hollow shaft tube (36) and a hot air inlet tube (35) connected to the upper end of the hollow shaft tube (36) to enable hot air to be introduced. And hot air blowing means (34) connected to the hot air introduction pipe (35) to blow hot air, so that hot air is blown out from the lower part of the conveyor screw (5). The dried product can be efficiently dried.
[0025]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a partial vertical cross section showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. A processing tank 1 equipped with a heater (not shown) serving as a heating and heat-keeping means includes a processing target mainly composed of garbage. An opening / closing mode of a home-use washing machine such as a home washing machine in which an entrance / exit 2 of an object 20 (illustrated schematically by an arrow) is opened upward, the object to be processed 20 is put in from above and processed, and taken out from above after the processing is completed. Is shown. However, this embodiment is intended for business use, not home use.
Note that the entire processing tank 1 may be supported by a reversible support device (not shown), and the workpiece 20 may be discharged from the entrance 2 which is appropriately turned upside down and opened downward.
[0026]
A motor 3 is provided under the floor of the processing tank 1, and the driving force of the motor 3 is changed from a driving force transmission mechanism 4 which is belt-hung or gear-reduced (not shown) to a square-shaped convex section provided in a reversing mechanism 16. The mold driving shaft is connected via a detachable square shaft fitting portion 15 to the concave driven shaft disposed on the base portion 13 of the conveyor screw 5 inside the processing tank 1 and transmitted through a rotating shaft.
[0027]
Although a detailed illustration of the square shaft fitting portion 15 is omitted, it is detachable at an appropriate time and its concave portion is opened downward, so that the workpiece 20 clogged in the concave portion can be easily removed by natural fall or the like. .
[0028]
The cylindrical body 10 covered coaxially with the conveyor screw 5 has an inlet opening downward near the bottom surface of the processing tank 1, and the workpiece 20 is pressed into the cylindrical body 10 by the lifting and conveying force of the conveyor screw 5.
[0029]
The conveyer screw 5 is provided with a screw blade 8 having a maximum outer diameter coincident with an inverted conical shaft that can be accommodated in the internal space 6 of the cylindrical body 10. Above the body 10, the internal space 6 is configured to gradually narrow.
[0030]
Therefore, the internal space 6 of the cylindrical body 10 becomes narrow at the thick portion of the inverted conical shape, so that when the processed object 20 is discharged from the processing tank 1, the screw blade 8 is formed in the internal space 6 of the cylindrical body 10. The occupancy rate can be increased by reducing the amount of stagnation that is not separated by being entangled with the.
[0031]
A chopper hole 12 having a size that allows the passage of the workpiece 20 is formed in the peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 10. The workpiece 20 pressed into the cylindrical body 10 by the lifting and conveying force of the conveyor screw 5 is provided. The escape escapes from the chopper hole 12 or the hole 37 to the outside of the cylinder 10 in search of an escape from the inner space 6 gradually narrowing above the cylinder 10.
[0032]
At this time, the object to be processed 20 is formed into a cross-sectional shape regulated by the chopper hole 12, and is extruded in a minced state or in a bent manner. Therefore, the object 23 having a desired cross-sectional shape is obtained by the chopper hole 12. In this embodiment, a total of twelve chopper holes 12 are dispersedly formed in the peripheral surface. The upper and lower middle portions of the chopper hole 12 serve to assist the pressure feeding of the processed material from the bottom to the top because a small hole 37 is formed because the processed material is not easily discharged and clogged.
[0033]
The chopper hole 12 has the function of a blade that cuts the workpiece 2 against the workpiece 2, and by appropriately adjusting the relative speed between the blade and the workpiece 20, the cutting or pulverizing effect is optimized. Can be set. Then, it is extruded from the chopper hole 12 to the outside of the cylindrical body 10 in a minced meat state or in a bent manner.
[0034]
A guide plate 11 is provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 10 so as to avoid the chopper holes 12 and the holes 37 on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 10. When the garbage is supplied, the object 20 is conveyed from top to bottom between the inner wall of the processing tank 1 and the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 10 so as to be sucked toward the bottom of the processing tank 1. You.
[0035]
In addition, the workpiece 20 is initially pulverized in front of the conveyor screw 5 by the rotary blade 7 that is disposed at the entrance of the conveyor screw 5 and rotates integrally with the base portion 13 of the conveyor screw 5 to obtain a long fiber or Even when lumpy garbage is contained, the motor 3 and the driving force transmission mechanism 4 can be operated without difficulty and efficiently without clogging the conveyor screw 5.
[0036]
In addition, a heater (not shown) for heating and maintaining the object to be processed 20 is provided on the wall core of the processing tank 1, and the object to be processed 20 is heated by the heater to promote the evaporation of water to accelerate the drying, When the fermentation action is used in combination, the time for garbage disposal can be shortened by setting the temperature to an optimum temperature that contributes to activation, for example, 70 to 80 ° C.
[0037]
In addition, the processing tank 1 is provided with a blower 30 and an exhaust port 32. By blowing and ventilating the processing target 20 containing a large amount of water, the evaporation of the water is promoted and the drying is accelerated. When used together, the water content is set to an optimum value contributing to the activation, for example, 60 to 70%, and dried, so that the time required for garbage disposal can be shortened.
[0038]
During the operation of the garbage disposal machine, the conveyor screw 5 is connected to the driving force transmission mechanism 4 by the square shaft fitting portion 15 at the base portion 13 of the drive shaft 4 while rotating the conveyor screw 5. 1 to clean the inside of the conveyor screw 5, the square shaft fitting portion 15 at the base 13 of the conveyor screw 5 can be detached from the driving force transmission mechanism 4 by cutting off. Obstacles that hinder the cleaning work are eliminated, and the work can proceed efficiently.
[0039]
The connection between the cylinder 10 and the conveyor screw 5 is detachable via a bearing 9.
[0040]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the appearance of the metal conveyor screw 5, which has an outer shape rotatably accommodated in the internal space 6 of the cylinder 10, and whose maximum outer diameter matches the diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 10. The screw blade 8 is disposed on the outer periphery of the inverted cone. A cutting blade 18 is provided on the upper part of the conveyor screw 5 and cuts when solid matter is discharged from a hole in the upper part of the cylindrical body 10.
[0041]
FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the external appearance of the metal cylindrical body 10, in which the conveyor blades 5 are housed, the internal space 6 is reduced, and the screw blades 8 and the inverted conical shaft are arranged so as to maintain a desired conveying capacity. The solid transport efficiency is improved.
[0042]
1 to 3 are a schematic diagram and an external view explanatory diagram for clearly showing the features of the present invention. Therefore, it is not a drawing that secures strictness in mechanical drawing as in a normal design drawing.
Further, it can be implemented for both business use and home use according to the difference in scale and frequency of use, and the difference between continuous operation and intermittent operation.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
With the configuration as described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a garbage processing machine that efficiently reduces and reduces garbage. The present invention can also be applied to a garbage disposer using fermentation by microorganisms.
[0044]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the processed material accumulated at the bottom of the processing tank is forcibly screwed into the inlet of the conveyor screw having an inlet opened downward near the bottom of the processing tank. Move smoothly so that Therefore, the processing speed increases.
[0045]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the object to be processed acts so as to be quickly sucked toward the inlet of the conveyor screw. In addition, since the spiral is in the direction of increasing the relative speed with respect to the rotary blade, the rotary blade also has an effect of cutting more.
Furthermore, even in the case of an object to be treated containing long fibrous or lumpy garbage which tends to be clogged even if it is initially pulverized, it is finely crushed and discharged from a small hole to prevent clogging. In this manner, the motor and the driving force transmission mechanism can be operated without difficulty and efficiently without clogging the conveyor screw.
[0046]
Further, according to the invention described in claim 4 or claim 5, the time required for garbage disposal can be shortened by promoting evaporation of water and drying. In addition, when the fermentation action of microorganisms is used together, the object to be treated can be set to an optimum temperature that contributes to activation by heating the object to be treated by a heater. By blowing and ventilating, an optimal atmosphere that contributes to activation can be set.
[0047]
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the garbage disposal machine can be operated by connecting the conveyor screw to the driving force transmission mechanism by the rotating shaft at the square shaft fitting portion at the base thereof. On the other hand, when discharging the processed object from the processing tank and cleaning the inside thereof, the conveyor screw is connected to the square shaft at the base of the conveyor so as not to hinder the discharging operation and the cleaning operation. The work can be efficiently performed because the work can be removed at the fitting portion. The cylindrical body can be removed simultaneously with the conveyor screw.
[0048]
Further, according to the invention described in claim 7, warm air is blown out from a lower portion of the conveyor screw to efficiently dry the processed material.
[0049]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention by a partial vertical cross section.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the appearance of a conveyor screw.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an appearance of a cylindrical body.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing tank 2 Doorway 3 Motor 4 Driving force transmission mechanism 5 Conveyor screw 6 Inner space 7 Rotating blade 8 Screw blade 9 Bearing 10 Cylindrical body 11 Guide plate 12 Chopper hole 13 Base part 14
15 Square shaft fitting portion 16 Reverse rotation mechanism 17 Stirrer blade 18 Cutting blade 19 Wing nut 20, 21, 22, 23 Workpiece 30 Blower 31 Air 32 Exhaust port 33 Wet air 34 Hot air blowing means 35 Hot air introduction pipe 36 Hollow shaft tube 37 Small hole 38 for preventing clogging Hot air outlet hole

Claims

A treatment tank (1) having an entrance (2) of an object (20) opened upward,
A motor (3) disposed under the floor of the processing tank (1);
A driving force transmission mechanism (4) for transmitting the driving force of the motor (3) to the inside of the processing tank (1);
A conveyor screw (5) connected to the driving force transmission mechanism (4) inside the processing tank (1) and having a lifting conveyance force;
A bearing (9) for supporting the upper part of the conveyor screw (5);
A crosspiece (14) for fixing the bearing (9) to a central portion near the entrance (2) of the processing tank (1);
It is covered on the axis of the conveyor screw (5), is fixed in the processing tank (1) by the bar (14), opens an inlet downward, and has a peripheral surface of the workpiece (20). A garbage disposal machine having a cylindrical body (10) having a chopper hole (12) sized to allow passage,
A screw blade (8) that constitutes the conveyor screw (5) and has a maximum outer diameter that matches an inverted conical shaft that can be stored in the internal space (6) of the cylindrical body (10);
An internal space (6) existing between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body (10) and the conveyor screw (5) gradually narrows from below to above, and has a structure in which an upper end is closed. Garbage disposal machine characterized by the following.

A rotary blade (7) arranged at an inlet of the conveyor screw (5) and integrally rotating with a base portion (13) of the conveyor screw (5);
A reverse rotation mechanism (16) that is connected to the driving force transmission mechanism (4) and generates a rotational force in a direction opposite to that of the conveyor screw (5);
The agitating blade (17) connected to the reversing mechanism (16) and agitating the workpiece (20) near an inlet of the conveyor screw (5) is provided. Garbage processing machine.

A cutting blade (18) having a blade surface parallel to an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body (10) at a terminal end of the screw blade (8) so that the blade advances in a rotation direction of the screw blade (8); ,
When the object (20) moves below the cylindrical body (10) on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body (10), the rotation direction of the conveyor screw (5) and the rotary blade (7) is as follows. A guide plate (11) that is arranged with a direction to generate a spiral in the opposite direction;
The small hole (37) drilled smaller than the chopper hole (12) in the vicinity of the chopper hole (12) on the peripheral surface of the cylinder (10). A garbage disposal machine according to claim 2.

The garbage disposal machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising heating and heat retaining means for heating and retaining the treatment tank (1).

The garbage processing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the processing tank (1) is provided with a blower (30) and an exhaust port (32).

2. A square shaft fitting part (15) for detachably connecting a base part (13) of the conveyor screw (5) and a rotary shaft connection of the driving force transmission mechanism (4). 3. A garbage disposal machine according to any one of claims 5 to 5.

The conveyor screw (5) has a hollow shaft pipe (36) that can be ventilated in the center of the shaft,
Hot air blow holes (38) drilled throughout the hollow shaft pipe (36);
A hot air introduction pipe (35) connected to the upper end of the hollow shaft pipe (36) and capable of introducing hot air;
The garbage disposal according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising hot air blowing means (34) connected to the hot air introduction pipe (35) to blow hot air. Machine.