JPH0978979A - Tunnel excavating method and boring lock anchor driver used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To ensure a large working space even in a narrow tunnel and expedite construction so as to shorten a construction period. SOLUTION: It is so constituted that a boring lock anchor driver has both a boring device and a lock anchor driving device 5. The lock anchor driving device 5 is integrally provided with mortar filling mechanism 15 and cable insert mechanism 16 that are slided so as to be able to alternately face an opening part 35a of a cap 35. The cable insert mechanism 16 is composed of delivery rollers 26, 26 for inserting a continuous cable wire W into a delivery hole from a cable reel, a cutter 29 for cutting the cable wire W every fixed length, and clamp mounting mechanism 28 for mounting a clamp 27 on the cable wire W.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavation method suitable for use in excavating a tunnel by a blasting method and a drilling / lock anchor driving machine used therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in order to excavate a tunnel,
There are various construction methods depending on the geological conditions and the like, and in recent years, excavation construction methods have been developed that are automated using various machines. However, when excavating tunnels in rock, the blasting method is still widely used.

In this blasting method, as shown in FIG. 6, first, a boring machine (a so-called drill jumbo) is installed so as to face the face of a tunnel to be excavated, and the blasting hole is placed at a predetermined position on the face of the boring machine. Perforate and charge gunpowder. Then, after the punching machine is retracted, the facet is blown up to form a tunnel. Next, after constructing the support work and spraying concrete on the surrounding side wall surface, install the lock anchor placing machine and place the lock anchors such as lock bolts on the surrounding side wall surface to cut the surrounding side wall surface of the tunnel. It prevents the collapse and spillage of the.

[0004]

However, in the conventional method as described above, the punching machine for punching the blast hole and the lock anchor driving machine for driving the lock anchor are dedicated machines, respectively. Therefore, there will be multiple machines in a narrow tunnel, not only will the working space be smaller, but the cost of the machines will be higher and it will take time to replace the machines. This is an obstacle to shortening and speeding up construction. The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and it is possible to secure a wide working space even in a narrow tunnel, and to shorten the construction period and accelerate the construction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for excavating a drill and a drilling / rock anchor placing machine used therefor.

[0005]

The invention according to claim 1 is
The tunnel face to be excavated is provided with two boring devices for boring holes in the peripheral side wall surface, a filling mechanism for filling the holes bored by the boring device with a filling material, and a lock anchor in the holes. Using a perforation / lock anchor placing machine comprising a lock anchor placing device slidably provided so as to be alternately positioned at the same position as an inserting mechanism for inserting the On both sides, a blast hole is drilled in the face, the tunnel face is blasted after charging the blast hole with explosive, and thereafter, the peripheral side wall surface of the dug tunnel is provided with the piercing device. Work to drill holes in either or both,
The filling mechanism is slid to face the hole drilled, the hole is filled with the filling material by the filling mechanism, and then the lock anchor is inserted into the peripheral side wall surface by the inserting mechanism of the lock anchor placing device into the hole. By performing the work in parallel with the above, while placing a lock anchor on the peripheral side wall surface, one or both of the punching devices is used to punch a blast hole in the face to be blasted next. It is characterized by that.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the two boring devices for boring holes in the face of the tunnel to be excavated and the peripheral side wall surface are respectively provided with the first boom which can be swung and swung. A lock anchor placing device for placing a lock anchor in a hole pierced by the piercing device is provided on a traveling dolly capable of traveling and traveling, and is mounted on the traveling dolly via a second boom that is swingable and rotatable. The lock anchor placing device is provided with a filling mechanism for filling a filling material and an insertion mechanism for inserting the lock anchor into the hole, and the filling mechanism and the insertion mechanism are at the same position. It is characterized in that it is slidable so as to be alternately positioned at.

The invention according to claim 3 is the drilling / lock anchor placing machine according to claim 2, wherein the insertion mechanism is
An accommodating portion for accommodating a continuous cable wire, an advancing mechanism for advancing the cable wire from the accommodating portion, and inserting the cable wire into a hole perforated by the perforation mechanism, and a cutting mechanism for cutting the cable wire at regular intervals. It is characterized in that it is constituted by a clasp attaching mechanism for attaching a fixing clasp to the cable wire.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An example of an embodiment of a tunnel excavation method and a drilling / lock anchor placing machine used therefor according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a drilling / lock anchor placing machine 1 is a vehicle (traveling carriage) 2 that is movable and movable.
In addition, two piercing devices 3 and 4 for piercing a blast hole (hole) and a hole for placing a lock anchor, and a lock anchor placing device 5 are provided.

In the punching devices 3 and 4, a guide shell 7 is provided at the tip of a first boom (first boom) 6 which is swingably, swivelably and telescopically provided on both sides of the front portion of the vehicle 2. It has a different structure. In this guide shell 7, the drifter 9 is driven in the front-back direction along a guide member 8 having a constant length. And drifter 9
Is configured to generate a striking / rotating motion by a driving source (not shown) and transmit the striking / rotating motion to the bit 9b at the tip via the rod 9a. The punching device 3 having such a configuration
In 4, the boom 6 is actuated to face the guide shell 7 to a predetermined position on the face face or the peripheral wall surface, and the bit 9b is struck and rotated while advancing the drifter 9 to bring the face to the predetermined position on the face face or the peripheral wall surface. , Blast holes and holes for placing lock anchors are drilled.

The lock anchor driving device 5 is provided integrally with the man cage 12 at the tip of a second boom (second boom) 11 which is provided at the center of the front part of the vehicle 2 so as to be capable of undulating, turning and expanding and contracting. Has been. A base member 13 is swingably provided on the man cage 12, and a slide plate 14 is provided on the base member 13 so as to be slidable in a lateral direction with a constant stroke. And this slide plate 14
In addition, a mortar filling mechanism (filling mechanism) 15 and a cable insertion mechanism (insertion mechanism) that constitute the lock anchor driving device 5
16 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 3, the mortar filling mechanism 15
A guide pipe 18 is fixed to the slide plate 14, and a mortar hose 19 for feeding mortar (filler) is used.
The leading end of the guide pipe 18 is inserted into the guide pipe 18. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the mortar hose 19 is inserted into a flexible guide hose 20 and is passed through a hose reel 21 provided in the rear portion of the vehicle 2 for accommodating the extra length of the mortar hose 19. And is connected to a mortar injection pump 22 that sends out mortar. The mortar hose 19 is fed and unwound from the hose reel 21 by a hose feeder 23 arranged in front of the vehicle 2.

As shown in FIG. 3, the cable insertion mechanism 1
Reference numeral 6 denotes a guide pipe 25 attached to the slide plate 14 at a position separated from the guide pipe 18 of the mortar filling mechanism 15 by a predetermined pitch, feeding rollers (feeding mechanisms) 26, 26 for feeding the cable wire W, and the cable wire W. Further, it is composed of a clasp mounting mechanism 28 for mounting a clasp 27 for fixing this, and a cutter (cutting mechanism) 29 for cutting the cable wire W.

Here, as shown in FIG. 4A, the stopper plate 27 is composed of a pair of two stopper plate members 30, 30.
As shown in (b), each stopper member 30 has a holding portion 30a having a substantially C shape and a diameter substantially the same as that of the cable wire W, and a fixing portion 30b extending outward from both end portions thereof. , 30
b. Then, as shown in FIG. 4A, these two pairs of clasp members 30, 30 are fitted from both sides of the cable wire W so that the fixing portions 30b, 30b project in all directions. .

As shown in FIG. 3, the clasp mounting mechanism 28
Are provided on both sides of the guide pipe 25, each of which holds a large number of stopper members 30, and holder portions 28a and 28a for sending the stopper members 30 forward by an urging member (not shown) such as a spring, Holder part 28a, 2
8a, the stopper members 30, 30 are laterally fed and attached to the cable wire W.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle body 2 is provided with a cable reel (storage portion) 32 for winding and storing the cable wire W to be inserted. The cable wire W fed from the cable reel 32
Is passed through a flexible guide hose 33. A cable feeder (feeding mechanism) 34 for drawing out the cable wire W from the cable reel 32 is disposed in the middle of the guide hose 33.

In the cable insertion mechanism 16 having such a structure, the cable wire W is pulled out from the cable reel 32 by the cable feeder 34 and fed into the guide pipe 25 shown in FIG. After mounting the stopper plate 27, the delivery roller 2
The cable wire W is sent out at a predetermined size by 6, 26 and cut by the cutter 29.

As shown in FIG. 3, the base member 13
A cap 35 is provided at the tip of the, and an opening 35a for inserting the cable wire W and injecting mortar is formed in the center of the cap 35.

As described above, the guide pipe 18 of the mortar filling mechanism 15 and the guide pipe 25 of the cable insertion mechanism 16 are attached to the slide plate 14, and when the slide plate 14 is slid, the mortar hose 19 and The cable wire W and the cable wire W are alternately located on the same axis and face the opening 35 a of the cap 35.

Next, a method of excavating a tunnel using the drilling / lock anchor placing machine 1 having the above-mentioned structure will be described. First, the drilling / lock anchor placing machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is installed at a position facing the face of a face.

Then, one of the punching devices 3 punches a blast hole in the face of the face. To this end, the guide shell 7 is opposed to a predetermined position on the face of the face by the first boom 6, and in this state, the drifter 9 is moved forward while being hit and rotated to cause the bit 9 to move.
Perforate the face with b. After the blast hole having a predetermined depth is drilled, the drifter 9 is retracted to guide the guide shell 7
Is moved by the first boom 6 to a position to be next drilled, and the blast hole is drilled in the same manner as above. In this way, a predetermined number of blast holes are sequentially drilled on the face face. After piercing a predetermined number of blast holes, explosives are loaded into each blast hole.

After the completion of the charging operation, the boring / lock anchor placing machine 1 is retracted and retracted from the face. After the evacuation, the face of the blast is blown up, and after ventilating, it is slid out and the tunnel T is advanced. Subsequently, a support work is built in the newly dug portion, concrete is sprayed on the side wall surface around the tunnel T, and lining is performed.

Then, a hole is punched for driving a lock anchor on the side wall surface around the newly dug portion. To this end, the boring device 4 is swung, swung, and expanded / contracted by the first boom 6 to face a predetermined position on the peripheral side wall surface, and a bit 9b of the drifter 9 is provided at a predetermined position on the peripheral side wall surface at a predetermined depth. Drill holes H.

Next, the work of placing the lock anchor into the hole H that has been drilled is performed. To this end, as shown in FIG. 3A, first, the punching device 4 is moved from a position facing the hole H, and then the lock anchor driving device 5 is moved to the second boom 12.
The cap 35 is pressed against the hole H by being swung, swung, and expanded and contracted to face the hole H. Then, the slide plate 14 is slid to guide the guide pipe 18 of the mortar filling mechanism 15.
Is exposed to the opening 35a of the cap 35, and the mortar hose 19 is opposed to the hole H. Then, after inserting the mortar hose 19 into the hole H with the hose feeder 23 (see FIG. 1), the mortar hose 19 is pulled out from the hole H by the hose feeder 23 while filling the hole H with the mortar M.

After the filling of the mortar M is completed, as shown in FIG. 3B, the slide plate 14 is slid so that the guide pipe 25 of the cable insertion mechanism 16 faces the opening 35a of the cap 35. Next, after the stopper 27 is mounted on the cable wire W at a predetermined position by the stopper mounting mechanism 28, the cable wire W is fed out from the roller 26,
It is sent out from the guide pipe 25 by a certain length by 26 and inserted into the hole H filled with the mortar M. In this way, after inserting the cable wire W of a predetermined length into the hole H,
The cutter 29 cuts this. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3C, the feed rollers 26, 26 feed the cable wire W behind the cutting position, whereby the cut cable wire W and the attached clasp 27.
Is further pushed into the hole H.

After that, the mortar M is hardened and the inserted cable wire W of a predetermined length is fixed,
This functions as the lock anchor R and prevents the surrounding side wall surface from collapsing.

After that, the above work is repeated to drive a predetermined number of cable wires W (lock anchors R) on the peripheral side wall surface.

After that, as shown in FIG.
As shown in Fig. 3, installation of the punching / locking anchor placing machine 1 at a position facing the face of the face, punching of the blasting hole, and charging,
The tunnel T is excavated by sequentially repeating the retreat of the drilling / lock anchor placing machine 1, the blast / ventilation, the slipping out, the spraying of concrete, and the placing of the lock anchor R on the surrounding side wall surface. At this time, in parallel with the work of placing the lock anchor R, the work of punching a blast hole in the face to be blasted next and the insertion work are performed.

In the above-described punching / lock anchor placing machine 1, the vehicle 2 has both the punching devices 3 and 4 and the lock anchor placing device 5. This allows
A wide working space can be secured in the narrow tunnel T. Further, since the blast hole drilling work and the lock anchor R placing work can be performed in parallel, not only the working time itself but also the machine replacement time can be shortened, and the construction period can be shortened. It is possible to realize rapid construction of the tunnel T. Moreover, such a drilling / lock anchor placing machine 1 can be realized only by equipping the conventional punching machine (so-called drill jumbo) with the lock anchor placing device 5, so that the machine cost can be suppressed. it can.

Further, the lock anchor driving device 5 is provided with the mortar filling mechanism 15 and the cable insertion mechanism 16 integrally with the second boom 11, and the mortar filling mechanism 15 and the cable insertion mechanism 16 are slidable. The opening 3 of the cap 35 provided through the slide plate 14
5a can be alternately seen. As a result, after the lock anchor placing device 5 is aligned with the hole H, the mortar filling and the lock anchor placing work can be performed continuously by one device without moving the second boom 11. Therefore, the work efficiency and the work efficiency can be reduced, and the work period can be shortened.

Furthermore, the cable insertion mechanism 16 stores the cable wire W in which the continuous cable wire W is housed.
The cable feeder 34 and the feeding rollers 26, 26 for inserting the cable wire W from the cable reel 32 into the feeding hole H, the cutter 29 for cutting the cable wire W at a constant length, and the stopper 27 for the cable wire W. It comprises a clasp mounting mechanism 28 for mounting. Accordingly, the continuous cable wire W is cut into a certain length, and the stopper 27 is attached and fed into the hole H, whereby the lock anchor R can be obtained. By automatically supplying / placing the lock anchor R in this manner, compared to the case where the lock bolt is used as in the conventional case, the work of setting the bolt, the work of adding the bolt and the like are unnecessary, and the work efficiency is significantly improved. In addition, it is possible to improve the safety because it is possible to reduce the necessity of approaching the face face and the surrounding side wall face during the work as much as possible. Further, in the past, since it was necessary to accommodate a large number of lock bolts at the tip of the driving machine, the driving machine had to be large in order to counter the weight thereof, but the above configuration was adopted,
By sequentially feeding the cable wires W from the rear side, the lock anchor driving device 5 can be downsized, that is, the drilling / lock anchor driving device 1 can also be downsized. The machine cost can be suppressed even in.

In the above embodiment, the vehicle 2 is provided with the blast hole by the piercing device 3 and the piercing device is provided with the hole H for placing the lock anchor. Of course, depending on the progress of the work. It is also possible to pierce the blast hole with the piercing device 3 and then pierce the hole H, or pierce the hole with the piercing device 4 and then pierce the blast hole. In addition, the punching device 3,
4, devices other than the lock anchor driving device 5 may be mounted on the vehicle 2 via the boom in the same manner. Further, the structure of the lock anchor driving device 5 is not limited, and the mortar filling mechanism 15, the cable insertion mechanism 16 and the like can perform required functions such as filling the mortar M and inserting the cable. Other mechanisms may be used as long as they are available. Further, the mortar filling mechanism 15 and the cable insertion mechanism 16 are attached to the slide plate 14.
However, other structures may be adopted for the mechanism.

[0032]

As described above, according to the tunnel excavation method of the first aspect of the present invention, the filling mechanism having the two punching devices and slidably movable so as to be alternately positioned at the same position is inserted. Using a drilling and lock anchor placing machine equipped with a lock anchor placing device consisting of a mechanism,
First of all, a blast hole is punched on the face with a piercing device, and explosives are charged to explode the face to dig a tunnel, after which,
By performing the work of drilling a hole in the peripheral side wall surface with the drilling device and the work of inserting the lock anchor into the hole with the insertion mechanism of the lock anchor placing device after filling the hole with the filling material with the filling mechanism While arranging the lock anchor on the peripheral side wall surface, the blast hole is punched by the punching device on the face to be blasted next. In this way, by performing the blast hole drilling work and the lock anchor placing work in parallel, not only the work time itself but also the machine replacement time can be shortened, and the construction period can be shortened. It is possible to realize rapid construction of the tunnel. Moreover, since the work of filling the filler for placing the lock anchor and inserting and inserting the lock anchor can be continuously performed by one lock anchor placing device,
Work efficiency and reduction can be achieved, leading to shortening of construction period.

According to another aspect of the present invention, in the boring / lock anchor placing machine, the two boring devices and the lock anchor placing device are provided on the traveling carriage, and the lock anchor placing device is provided with the filling mechanism and the lock mechanism. The filling mechanism and the insertion mechanism are configured to be slidable so as to be alternately located at the same position. As a result, a wide working space can be secured within the narrow tunnel. Further, since it is possible to perform the blast hole drilling work in one punching device and the lock anchor placing work in the other punching device and the lock anchor placing device in parallel, not only the working time itself The time required for machine replacement can also be shortened, and the construction period can be shortened to realize rapid tunnel construction. Moreover, such a drilling / lock anchor placing machine can be realized only by equipping a conventional punching machine (so-called drill jumbo) with two punching devices and a lock anchor placing device, which reduces the machine cost. Can be suppressed. Further, since the work of filling the filler for setting the lock anchor and inserting and inserting the lock anchor can be performed continuously by one lock anchor setting device, and further, without moving the second boom, To improve efficiency and reduce work,
It can be linked to shortening the construction period. The above effect becomes more remarkable as the length of the lock anchor becomes longer and the number of the lock anchors placed becomes larger. Therefore, it is particularly suitable to use when excavating a tunnel having an ultra-large cross section. Is.

According to the drilling / lock anchor placing machine of the third aspect, the inserting mechanism includes the accommodating portion for accommodating the continuous cable wire, and the feeding mechanism for inserting the cable wire into the feeding front hole from the accommodating portion. A cutting mechanism that cuts the cable wire into fixed lengths and a clasp attaching mechanism that attaches a clasp to the cable wire. As a result, a continuous cable wire is cut into a fixed length, and a stopper plate is attached to the cable wire and fed into the hole, whereby this can be used as a lock anchor. By automatically supplying the lock anchors in this way, the work of setting and replenishing the bolts, which is required when using conventional lock bolts, is not required, and the work efficiency is greatly improved and the cutting face is used during the work. Since it is possible to reduce the need to approach the surface and the side wall as much as possible, it is possible to improve safety. Further, it is possible to reduce the equipment cost by downsizing the drilling / lock anchor driving machine as compared with the conventional driving machine that needs to hold a large number of lock bolts.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a tunnel excavation method according to the present invention and an example of a drilling / lock anchor placing machine used therein.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the punching / rock bolt driving machine.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a lock anchor driving device provided in the drilling / rock bolt driving machine.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a stopper is attached to a cable wire by the lock anchor placing device.

FIG. 5 is a process diagram when excavating a tunnel using the boring / rock bolt driving machine.

FIG. 6 is a process diagram when excavating a tunnel using a conventional punching machine and a rock bolt driving machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Drilling / Lock Anchor Placement Machine 2 Vehicle (Truck) 3,4 Blasting Hole Drilling Device 5 Lock Anchor Placement Device 6 1st Boom (1st Boom) 11 2nd Boom (2nd Boom) 12 2nd Guide shell (piercing mechanism) 15 Mortar filling mechanism (filling mechanism) 16 Cable insertion mechanism (insertion mechanism) 26 Feed roller (feeding mechanism) 28 Clasp mounting mechanism 29 Cutter (cutting mechanism) 32 Cable reel (storage section) H hole M Mortar (filler) R Lock anchor W Cable wire

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Toshihiko Wada 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Keiji Ono 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Abe 1058 Yoshii, Yoshii-cho, Tano-gun, Gunma Furukawa Kikai Metal Co., Ltd. Yoshii factory

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A filling mechanism for filling a hole into the face of a tunnel to be excavated and a peripheral side wall surface with two punching devices, and a filling mechanism for filling the hole punched by the punching device with a filler. A perforation / lock anchor placing machine comprising a lock anchor placing device slidably provided so as to be alternately positioned at the same position and an inserting mechanism for inserting the lock anchor into the hole is used. Either one or both of the above, a blast hole is bored in the face, the explosive is charged in the blast hole, and then the face is blasted to excavate the tunnel. In the work of punching a hole with one or both of the punching device, the filling mechanism is slid to face the punched hole, and the filling mechanism fills the hole with the filling material, and then the hole is filled with the filling material. While inserting the lock anchor into the surrounding side wall surface by performing the work of inserting the lock anchor into the surrounding side wall surface in parallel with the insertion mechanism of the hook anchor placing device, the face to be blasted next A method for excavating a tunnel, characterized in that a blast hole is bored by one or both of the boring devices. 2. A traveling trolley in which two piercing devices for piercing a face face and a peripheral side wall face of a tunnel to be excavated are movable and movable via a first boom that can be swung and swiveled, respectively. A lock anchor driving device for driving a lock anchor into a hole drilled by the drilling device is provided on the traveling carriage via a second boom that is swingable and rotatable. The placing device includes a filling mechanism for filling the filling material and an insertion mechanism for inserting the lock anchor into the hole, so that the filling mechanism and the insertion mechanism are alternately located at the same position. Drilling / lock anchor placing machine characterized by being slidable. 3. The punching / lock anchor placing machine according to claim 2, wherein the insertion mechanism stores a continuous cable wire, and the cable wire is fed out from the storage portion, and the drilling mechanism is used. A feed mechanism for inserting the cable wire into a hole, a cutting mechanism for cutting the cable wire at regular intervals, and a clasp attaching mechanism for attaching a fixing clasp to the cable wire. Characteristic drilling / lock anchor placing machine.