JP3364306B2 - Extrusion method of extruding tunnel - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for extruding a tunnel, and more particularly to a method for extruding a tunnel suitable for excavating a tunnel in a rocky area. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a tunnel is excavated in a rocky zone mainly by a blasting method, a borehole is excavated in a face, an explosive is charged in the borehole, and the face is blasted and crushed. The crushed waste is taken out of the tunnel with a rear device. [0003] However, the conventional blasting method has the following problems. Dangerous because explosives must be handled. In addition to the danger of a blast, the working environment is extremely poor due to the dust generated with the blast and the dust resulting from the loading of the waste in the rear equipment. Since the debris generated by blasting is bulky and has various shapes ranging from a powdery mass to a lump, the debris after blasting is complicated. The removed scraps are irregularly shaped small pieces (large chunks are usually crushed again to a size suitable for the feeding device), so they have no utility value and are landfilled, but are discharged in large quantities Therefore, disposal of the waste requires a lot of labor and cost. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method of extruding and extruding a tunnel which has high safety, can easily maintain a good working environment, and is easy to remove shear. It is what it was. In order to achieve the above object, a method for extruding and extruding a tunnel according to the present invention comprises a plurality of small through holes 1a, 1b penetrating from a first shaft BT1 to a second shaft BT2. , 1c... At predetermined intervals in the periphery of the tunnel cross section, and a first shaft BT1
To the second vertical shaft BT2, the wire saw 2 is passed through one small through hole 1a, the wire saw 2 is turned back at the second vertical shaft BT2, and is passed through another small through hole 1b to the first vertical shaft BT1 to form a loop-shaped wire saw. As the loop 2a, the wire saw loop 2a is rotated while pulling it toward the first shaft BT1, so that the loop cutting step of cutting the ground G surrounded by the wire saw loop 2a and the loop cutting step are appropriately repeated. Ground G1 in the second shaft BT2 by separating the ground G1 in the tunnel from the surrounding ground G and applying a propulsive force to the rear end of the ground G1 in the tunnel with a hydraulic jack. At the rear end of the ground G1 in the tunnel moved to the second shaft BT2 side by the first ground extrusion process and the first ground extrusion process by the hydraulic jack. The second ground extruding step of extruding the ground G1 in the tunnel into the second shaft BT2 by applying a propulsive force through the lining segment, and the ground G1 extruded in the second shaft BT2 And a ground unloading step of unloading the ground to the ground. Therefore, the present invention relates to a first shaft BT1 and a second shaft B
By cutting the ground between T2 with the wire saw 2, the ground G1 in the tunnel is separated from the surrounding ground G. Therefore, the ground G in the tunnel separated from the surrounding ground G
Reference numeral 1 denotes an operation capable of being pushed out to the second shaft side BT2 side. When the ground G1 in the tunnel is pushed out to the second shaft BT2 side, a tunnel space is formed sequentially in the first shaft BT1 side, so that the whole ground G1 in the tunnel is pushed out to the second shaft BT2 side. If it is carried out, a tunnel can be excavated between the first shaft BT1 and the second shaft BT2. Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the figure, BT1 is a first shaft and BT2 is a second shaft. In this embodiment, a tunnel is excavated between the first shaft BT1 (excavation start side) and the second shaft BT2 (excavation end side). I do. In the present application, the first shaft BT1 and the second shaft BT2 mean the excavation start end side or the excavation end side, and it is not always necessary to excavate the shaft, and one of the first shaft BT1 and the second shaft BT2 is not required. Or both may be outside the slope of the planned tunnel excavation site. In the present invention, first, small through holes 1a, 1b, 1c,... Penetrating from the first shaft BT1 to the second shaft BT2 are provided.
Are excavated at predetermined intervals around the tunnel cross section. The small through holes 1a, 1b, 1c... May be formed by a conventionally known drill. However, since the drilling distance is long (50 to 400M) and the necessity of keeping the drilling direction accurate is required. The necessity of using a relatively large drill handle (a drill hole having the same diameter as the drilled hole and capable of being successively added) has to be used, and the diameter of the small through holes 1a, 1b, 1c,. Also has a relatively large diameter of 5 to 10 cm or more. In order to keep the direction of the excavation on the way, the drill bit used was a long one (a part having the same diameter as the bit tip diameter extended backward), and the drilling direction of the bit was already excavated. One that is guided only by a small hole and moves straight ahead is used. The excavation of the small through-holes 1a, 1b, 1c,... Is performed from either the first shaft BT1 or the second shaft BT2, or from both, and the small holes 1a, 1
., 1c... may be joined. The small through holes 1a, 1b, 1c...
In order to excavate in the periphery of the cross section of the tunnel, as shown in FIG. 3, excavation is performed outside the outer peripheral portion T1 of the tunnel to be excavated.
a, 1b, 1c,... are not located inside the tunnel to be excavated. Next, the first shaft BT1 is inserted through the through hole 1a.
The wire saw 2 is passed through to the second shaft BT2, and the wire saw 2 is turned back at the second shaft BT2 to form another through hole 1.
b, return to the first shaft BT1 to form a loop, rotate while pulling the wire saw loop 2a toward the first shaft BT1, and move the ground G surrounded by the wire saw loop 2a from the second shaft BT1 to the first shaft BT1. It cuts toward one shaft BT2. The wire saw 2 uses a flexible wire (which may be a chain) with cutting bits protruding at appropriate intervals, and performs cutting by rotating or reciprocating. In FIG. 1, the wire saw 2 is passed through the small through holes 1 a and 1 b, and the hatched portion is the cut completion portion 10. The wire saw 2 rotates while being pulled in the direction of the arrow P <b> 1. 10 is the first shaft BT
It will expand sequentially from the 1st side toward the 2nd shaft BT2 side. The wire saw 2 is formed into a wire saw loop 2a. Here, the wire saw loop 2a means that it is turned back at one end (the second shaft BT2 side), and it is not always necessary to form an endless loop. There is no. That is,
In the case of an endless loop, the above-mentioned cutting can be performed by rotating the wire saw loop 2a in one direction. However, when the wire saw loop 2a is turned back at one end (the second shaft BT2 side) and the other end is open, the wire is cut. The saw loop 2a may perform cutting by reciprocating rotation. In order to rotate the wire saw loop 2a while pulling it toward the first shaft BT1, the cutting machine body 20 shown in FIG. 1 may be urged to the left side by a hydraulic mechanism or the like. Cutting machine body 20 is fixed and wire saw loop 2
The pulley or sprocket on which a is applied may be urged in a direction in which the entire wire saw loop 2a is pulled to the left in FIG. It goes without saying that the wire saw loop 2a is sequentially (intermittently) shortened in its entire length as it is cut, or is partially wound around a take-up drum and fed out to shorten the entire length. Then, the above-mentioned cutting is performed on the entire periphery of the tunnel section to cut the ground G1 in the tunnel from the surrounding ground G,
The ground G1 in the tunnel is extruded from the first shaft BT1 to the second shaft BT2, and the ground G1 in the tunnel extruded into the second shaft BT1 is cut into a predetermined amount and carried out from the second shaft BT2 to the ground. In order to carry out the above-mentioned cutting over the entire periphery of the tunnel section, the above-mentioned cutting may be carried out sequentially with a pair of small through holes 1a, 1b, 1c... As shown in FIG. The order is indicated by an underlined code, and it is not always necessary to perform the order. However, it is desirable to devise the cutting order so that an unexpected load is not applied to the wire saw loop 2a. To push the ground G1 in the tunnel from the first shaft BT1 to the second shaft BT2, the hydraulic jack 3,
The hydraulic jacks 3, 3,.
When the hydraulic jacks 3, 3, 3,... Are pushed out by a certain distance by 3, 3,..., The lining segments 4, 4, 4,.
・ ・ Assemble and after that, this segment 4,4,4 ・ ・
・ The ground G1 in the tunnel may be pushed out through. In order to cut the ground G1 in the tunnel extruded into the second shaft BT1 by a predetermined amount and carry it out of the ground from the second shaft BT2, the ground G1 in the tunnel is cut off by a cutout portion 51 shown by a broken line in FIG. G1 may be cut into a certain size, and the stone material 5 having a predetermined size may be lifted by a wire 6 such as a crane (not shown) or the like and carried out to the ground. In the drawing, reference numeral 7 denotes a reaction force receiving portion of the hydraulic jack 3. According to the present invention as described above, it is possible to excavate a tunnel without using explosives, so that it is possible to provide a tunnel excavation method with high safety. Further, according to the present invention, dust is generated only during cutting by the wire saw loop 2a, so that the time for generating dust is limited, and the location where dust is generated is small.
Since only b, 1a,... parts are very limited parts, it is possible to provide a method of extruding and excavating a tunnel capable of generating and removing dust and maintaining a favorable working environment. Further, according to the present invention, the ground G1 in the tunnel to be carried out is a stone material 5 of a fixed size, so that it can be transported rationally, and the stone material 5 can be used for other purposes depending on the properties of the rock mass. It is possible to provide a simple tunnel extruding excavation method.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a tunnel at the initial stage of excavation by a method of extruding a tunnel according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a tunnel at a later stage of excavation by the extrusion excavation method of the tunnel of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a front view of a tunnel excavation portion after excavation of a small through-hole by the extrusion excavation method of the tunnel of the present invention. [Description of Signs] BT1 First shaft BT2 Second shaft 1a Small through hole 1b Small through hole 1c Small through hole 2 Wire saw 2a Wire saw loop G Ground G1 Ground in tunnel

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Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] From the first shaft (BT1) to the second shaft (BT1)
A plurality of small holes (1a, 1b, 1c ...) penetrating to 2)
Excavating small holes at predetermined intervals in the periphery of the tunnel section, and passing a wire saw (2) through one small through hole (1a) from the first shaft (BT1) to the second shaft (BT2). The wire saw (2) is turned back at the second shaft (BT2) and passed through another small through-hole (1b) to the first shaft (BT1) to form a loop-shaped wire saw loop (2a). The loop cutting step of cutting the ground (G) surrounded by the wire saw loop (2a) by pulling and rotating the 2a) toward the first shaft (BT1) side, and the loop cutting step are appropriately repeated. A ground separation step of separating the ground (G1) in the tunnel from the surrounding ground (G), and applying a propulsive force to the rear end of the ground (G1) in the tunnel with a hydraulic jack to thereby obtain ground in the tunnel. (G
1) extruding the first shaft into the second shaft (BT2), and extruding the first shaft (B) using the hydraulic jack.
The ground in the tunnel (G1) is given a second shaft (BT) by applying a propulsive force to the rear end of the ground in the tunnel (G1) moved to the T2) side via a lining segment.
2) a second ground extruding step to extrude the ground, a ground unloading step of separating the tunnel ground (G1) extruded into the second shaft (BT2) and discharging the ground to the ground;
A method for extruding and excavating a tunnel, comprising: