JPH0533589A - Method of excavating tunnel, etc., and boring machine thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to form an improved longer column in an injection stirring type fore-piling method. CONSTITUTION:In a tunnel excavation method, boring is made by means of a drill unit equipped with a double pipe mounted on a boring machine. An outer casing 21 on the outside of the double pipe is rotated in the first direction, and an inner rod 30 of the double pipe is rotated in the second direction opposite to the first direction to make boring.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of excavating a tunnel or the like. More specifically, excavating from the face of a tunnel, and then using an ultra-high pressure jet grout to form a pillar-shaped improvement on the ground in the shape of an arch, to reinforce the ground and to build tunnels, underground tunnels, etc. The present invention relates to a method of excavating a tunnel or the like for excavating and a hole making machine thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A fore piling method is known as a tunnel excavation method. This forepiling method
This is a method in which a reinforcing bar, a rock bolt, or a single pipe having a length of 2 to 3 m is drilled and driven at an angle of 10 to 30 degrees from the face. Furthermore, a construction method of an injection stirring type fore piling method, which is an improvement of this fore piling method, has been proposed and constructed. In this construction method, first, a hole is drilled from the face to the ground ahead. When pulling out this drilled rod, rotate it while jetting cement milk etc. from the jet nozzle at the tip in a direction perpendicular to the rod at high pressure,
Improvement of diameter of 50-70 cm is carried out to form ground improvement columns.

The drilling machine used at this time is capable of positioning the drilling rod on the front face of the face and positioning the drilling rod at a desired position according to the arch of the tunnel. This is a base machine equipped with a stage that can be raised and lowered and angularly positioned.
It is equipped with a reader that can be slid to the left and right using this as a guide, and can also be rotated and adjusted in angle. The turning force of the drilling rod is provided by a hydraulic motor that can slide back and forth over the leader. One rod
It is a book, and the hardening material is pressure-fed from the rear end to the nozzle through the inside of the rod (for example, see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-137094).

On the other hand, in the civil engineering work, there is a work of excavating horizontal and inclined holes in the topsoil. The purpose of this excavation is
For example, it is for drilling grout holes, anchor holes, chemical injection holes, blast holes, drain holes, and the like. In order to improve this excavator, it has been proposed to subject the drill drill to rotation and impact loads. For example, in JP-A-60-141987, an outer pipe system, an inner pipe system for supporting a perforated crown, an impact means for impacting the perforated crown, a first rotary drive means for driving the outer pipe system, and an inner pipe system drive. There is disclosed a boring device for top soil, which is provided with a second rotation drive means for use. The impact means is fixed to the carriage and comprises a hydraulic hammer drill that impacts the rear end of the internal pulp system.

West German Published Patent Application 2,924,392
No. down the hall ( D
own T he H ole, hereinafter referred to as DTH. ) It is described to have an impact means called a hammer, which impacts the perforated crown. The hammer causes the perforated crown to be hit during rotation. On the other hand, the external pipe system rotates and moves forward at the same time according to the amount of advance of the borehole.

The sidewalls of the borehole are supported by an external pipe system so that the formation does not collapse. Compressed air is sent to the DTH hammer through an internal pipe system,
As a result, the hammer is driven to strike.
The air exiting the DTH hammer is used to flush out the debris discharged from the bottom of the borehole through the annular groove between the inner and outer pipe systems.

Since the exhaust air of the DTH hammer is often insufficient for discharging the shavings, water is usually supplied and used for removal. The present inventors have improved this and proposed a topsoil excavation method (Japanese Patent Application No. 1-260098) using a double header drill capable of excavating a long hole in a straight line.

[0008]

The jet agitation type forepiling method described above is capable of reliably forming an improved pillar having a diameter of 50 to 70 cm in front of the cutting face before excavation. The maximum length of this improved pillar is about 10 m, although it depends on the geology at this stage. This improved pillar must not have any bends. From the viewpoint of construction efficiency, it is better if the improved columns can be formed as long as possible. That is, since the improved pillar is formed in an arch shape in front of the face of the cutting face in advance of the excavation of the tunnel, and the entire cross section of the tunnel is repeatedly performed, the longer the improved pillar that can be formed at one time, the better. In addition, the longer the length, the better in order to release the stress in the front ground.
However, there is a limit to the performance of the hole drilling machine described above, and it is not possible to form a too long improved column.

The present invention has been invented in such a technical background, and achieves the following objects.

An object of the present invention is to provide an excavation method for a tunnel or the like and a drilling machine therefor, which have a high construction efficiency in the injection stirring type fore piling method.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for excavating a tunnel or the like for forming a long and improved column in a jet agitation type forepiling method, and a drilling machine therefor.

[0012]

[Means and Actions for Solving the Problems] The following means are adopted to solve the problems.

The ground in front of the face is drilled by a boring machine, and after the boring, a jetting nozzle is inserted into the boring to inject a hardening material for improving the ground at an ultrahigh pressure to form a plurality of circles. A columnar improved body is continuously formed in the circumferential direction of the upper half part of the tunnel, and after this formation, the face of the lower part of the improved body is excavated, and the drilling, the formation of the improved body, and the excavation of a tunnel or the like that repeats excavation. In the construction method, a drill unit equipped with a double pipe in which the hole is mounted on the hole drilling machine is used, an outer casing outside the double pipe is rotated in a first direction, and the outer casing is reversed from the first direction. It is an excavation method for a tunnel or the like, characterized in that the inner rod of the double pipe is rotated in a second direction, which is a direction, to perform the drilling.

Excavation can be performed more efficiently by generating an impact force in the excavation direction on at least one of the outer casing and the inner rod.

This excavation method is carried out by the following excavator.
Drilling the ground in front of the cutting face with a drilling machine, and after drilling, insert a jet nozzle into the drilling hole and inject a hardening material to improve the ground by ultra-high pressure to improve multiple cylindrical shapes The body is continuously formed in the circumferential direction of the upper half of the tunnel, and after this formation, the face under the improved body is excavated, and used for the drilling method such as the drilling, the formation of the improved body, and the repeated excavation of the tunnel. The hole punching machine, wherein an outer casing having a bit at a tip thereof, an inner rod provided in the outer casing and having a bit for excavation at a tip, and an outer casing rotation drive for rotationally driving the outer casing. A drilling machine for excavation method such as a tunnel, which comprises a means and an inner rod rotation driving means for rotating the inner rod.

It is more efficient to provide an impact force generating means for generating an impact force on at least one of the outer casing and the inner rod.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of the boring machine 1. The self-propelled boring machine 1 is installed on the front face of a face to make a ground improvement pillar after boring the ground in front of the face. A caterpillar 3 is provided on a frame 2 that constitutes the boring machine 1. The caterpillar 3 can move a motor by a hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic power unit 4 to move to a desired position.

The hydraulic power unit 4 is a hydraulic unit provided at the rear end of the frame 2 and driven by an electric motor. Outriggers 5 are provided at the four corners of the rectangular frame 2. A link mechanism 6 including a pair of X-shaped mechanisms is provided on the frame 2. X-link mechanism 6
Is rotatably supported at its center by a central shaft 7, and the central shaft 7 connects two X links to each other. This X
One end of a lift cylinder 10 is connected to the central shaft 7 of the link mechanism 6, and the other end is connected to the frame 2. A workbench 11 is mounted on the X-link mechanism 6. One end of the X-link mechanism 6 can move on the rail 9 of the workbench 11 and the rail 8 of the frame 3. Therefore, the workbench 11 is moved up and down by operating the lift cylinder 10.

A disk-shaped front rotary disk 12 and a rear rotary disk 13 are provided at both ends of the workbench 11. Further, the front turntable 12 and the rear turntable 13 are the workbench 11
It is a structure that can be swung up and fixed at a desired angular position. The front rotary disk 12 and the rear rotary disk 13 are provided with one end of support members 15 and 16. Support member 15,
A slide 17 is fixed to the other end of 16. After all, when the front rotary disk 12 and the rear rotary disk 13 are indexed and rotated, the mount 17 is swung. Slide 17
A double head drill unit 20 is mounted on the top.

Double Head Drill Unit 20 FIG. 2 is a view in which the double head drill unit 20 is partially cut. The outer casing 21 is a tubular member, and has a metal bit 22 for excavation at its tip. The metal bit 22 is made of a known cemented carbide material or the like, and can excavate in a hard stratum such as rock. The rear end of the outer casing 21 is fixed to the coupling 23. A drive gear mechanism (not shown) is provided at the rear end of the coupling 23.

The drive gear mechanism is rotationally driven by the hydraulic motor 24, and the coupling 23 is rotationally driven. On the outer circumference of the coupling 23, an air slime discharge joint 25 is rotatably provided on the outer circumference of the coupling 23. The air slime discharge joint 25 is fixed during rotation of the outer casing 21, and the slime excavated from the projecting port 26 is discharged together with air. On the other hand, the rear end of the inner rod 30 is connected to the drifter 3 via the anvil 31.
It is connected to 2. The drifter 32 applies an impact load and rotation to the inner rod 30 in the axial direction.

Inside the drifter 32, an impact generating hydraulic circuit 34 and a rotary driving hydraulic motor 33 are provided. The anvil 31 applies the impact load and the rotation generated in the drifter 32 to the outer casing 21 in the axial direction, and also transmits the rotation and the impact load by the hydraulic motor 33 to the inner rod 30. The hydraulic circuit that generates an impact load is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 54-23150 and 54-54.
No. 32992 and the like are publicly known and will not be described in detail here.

A hammer bit 29 for excavation is provided at the tip of the inner rod 30. This hammer bit 29. An impact load is applied by the air hammer 28. The air hammer 28 is operated by the pressurized air supplied as described above, and is a known one called a DTH hammer.

Excavation method Double-head type drill unit 2 as described above
An example of excavating by the fore piling method at 0 will be described. The drifter 32 can apply rotation and rotation load, but in this excavation method, the impact function of the drifter 32 is not used. The double head drill unit 20 is placed on the workbench 17. The caterpillar 3 is driven and the drilling machine is fixed at a position where drilling is to be performed. Drive the cylinder 10 to the required height. Further, the angular position is adjusted by rotating the front rotary disk 12 and the rear rotary disk 13 to position it at a required arch position of the tunnel.

The hydraulic motor 24 is activated to drive the outer casing 21 to rotate (direction a). In this example, 10 to
Select from rotations within the range of 200 rpm. The inner rod 30 is also rotated at substantially the same number of rotations in the direction opposite to this rotation direction (direction b). These rotation speeds are selected depending on the soil condition to be excavated. The drill unit is fed by the feeding device on the power unit base. About 0.2m, depending on soil type
Send at a speed of about / s. Simultaneously with this feeding, compressed air and water are supplied to the center hole of the inner rod 30.

The compressed air vibrates the air hammer 28 in the excavating direction. Metal Bit 22 and Hammer Bit 2
In No. 9, the rock is crushed into a slime while vibrating (direction c), and excavation is continued. The crushed slime is discharged from the discharge port 26 together with air and water. Also, the inner rod 3
0 and the outer casing rotate in opposite directions to each other, and thus cancel each other's torque associated with excavation. Although it differs slightly depending on the soil quality, conventional horizontal excavation is approximately 1/100 (100
Although a bend of 1 m was obtained at m, a straight hole having only a bend of about 1/1000 (bent of 1 m at 1000) could be excavated in this example.

When the drilling of the set length by the drilling machine is completed, the double head drill unit 20 is pulled out from the drilling hole. An injection device equipped with an injection nozzle at its tip is inserted into the drilled hole up to the deepest part of the drilled hole. While injecting the hardening material at high pressure with a high pressure pump, while retracting the injection pipe,
A columnar hardened layer, that is, an improved column is formed. The improved column is formed in an arch shape in front of the face. For details of this point, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 1-137094 and 2-19.
No. 0510, JP-A No. 2-190511 and the like are known. After this, the face drilling is carried out in sequence. Since this excavation is the same as the conventional one, the details will not be described.

[0028]

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 3 shows an example in which the drill portion has another structure. This is the same as the above embodiment in that the inner rod 41 is inserted into the inner hole of the outer casing 40. A ring bit 42 is provided at the tip of the outer casing 40. Inner rod 41
An inner bit 43 is provided at the tip of the. In the inner bit of the first embodiment, the impact load is generated by the air hammer 28 provided at the tip of the inner rod 30, but the second embodiment does not have the function. This impact force causes the drifter 32 to generate an impact force in the outer casing 40 in the d direction and in the inner casing 41 in the e direction.

Further, in the above embodiment, water and pressurized air were sent to the tip excavation portion, but in this embodiment, pressurized water is supplied from the center hole of the inner rod 41. The slime is returned from between the outer casing 40 and the inner rod 41 as in the case of the above embodiment. The excavation method is the first
As in the embodiment, the outer casing 40 and the inner rod 41 are rotated in opposite directions to advance excavation.

[0030]

[Third Embodiment] FIG. 4A and FIG.
This is an example. It is the same as the first embodiment in that a DTH hammer is used for the inner rod 46, but the structure of the tip of the outer casing 45 is different. A spline 47 is formed on the outer periphery of the outer casing 45,
A hammer bit 48 is splined to the spline 47. On the outer periphery of the rear end of the hammer bit 48,
The stopper block 49 is locked by an annular stop ring 50 (FIG. 4 (b)).

The stopper block 49 slides back and forth in the groove 51 of the outer casing 45. In this embodiment, when the rotation a and the impact d are applied to the outer casing 45, the hammer bit 48 moves back and forth to further increase the crushing force. The inner casing 46 has a rotation b and an impact load e.
Is added by the apparatus shown in the first embodiment. Furthermore, since air pressure is supplied to the center hole of the inner rod 46, the DTH hammer 52 applies an impact load by this air pressure. The hammer bit 48 double-acts with the load on the inner rod 46 by the lifter 12 to increase the crushing force.

[0032]

[Other Embodiments] In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, an impact load is applied to the outer casing or the inner rod, but this impact load is not always necessary, and the outer casing and the inner rod are rotated in opposite directions. It's just good. An impact load may be applied to either the outer casing or the inner casing. The DTH hammer may be used alone or in combination.

[0033]

As described above in detail, in the tunnel excavation method of the present invention, since the ground is improved after drilling a very long hole, it is an epoch-making effect for the tunnel excavation of unconsolidated ground. Demonstrated. Further, in the hole drilling machine of the present invention, a long hole with high linearity can be drilled by simply rotating the outer case and the inner rod in opposite directions. Therefore, it is possible to construct a long and improved pillar, and the efficiency of tunnel excavation is good. Also, since a long and improved pillar can be created, the ground support effect is great and the work safety is high.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a drilling machine.

FIG. 2 is a first embodiment of a double pipe drilling system used in the excavation method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a double tube drilling system of a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 (a) is a double tube drilling system of a third embodiment. FIG. 4B is a bb sectional view of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Drilling machine, 2 ... Frame, 3 ... Caterpillar, 4 ... Hydraulic power unit, 11 ... Workbench, 12 ... Front turntable, 1
3 ... rear turntable, 20 ... double head drill unit,
21 ... Outer casing, 22 ... Metal bit, 28
… Air hammer, 29… Hammer bit, 30… Inner rod, 31… Anvil, 32… Lifter

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Wataru Nakanishi             1-26-11 Miwa Midoriyama, Machida City, Tokyo Stock Association             Inside the company NTA (72) Inventor Shiro Nakajima             Osaka Prefecture Osaka City Nishi-ku Tsutohoncho 3-chome 1-26             Tokiwa Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Akihiko Kamei             5-19-22 Higashimachi, Koganei-shi, Tokyo (72) Inventor Teruo Masumoto             1534 Hara, Karatsu City, Saga Prefecture Yoshida Steel Co., Ltd.             Inside the factory (72) Inventor Mitsuhiro Yoshida             1534 Hara, Karatsu City, Saga Prefecture Yoshida Steel Co., Ltd.             Inside the factory (72) Inventor Michio Ichimaru             1534 Hara, Karatsu City, Saga Prefecture Yoshida Steel Co., Ltd.             Inside the factory

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of holes are drilled in front of the face by a boring machine, and after the boring, a jetting nozzle is inserted into the boring to inject a hardening material at a super high pressure to improve the rock. Of the cylindrical improved body is continuously formed in the circumferential direction of the upper half of the tunnel, and after this formation, the lower face of the improved body is excavated, and the hole is drilled, the improved body is formed, and the tunnel is repeatedly excavated. In the excavation method described above, a drill unit including a double pipe in which the hole is mounted on the drilling machine is used, an outer casing outside the double pipe is rotated in a first direction, and the outer casing is rotated in a first direction. An excavation method for a tunnel or the like, characterized in that the inner rod of the double pipe is rotated in a second direction, which is the opposite direction to the above, to perform the drilling. 2. The excavation method for a tunnel or the like according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the outer casing and the inner rod is excavated by generating an impact force in an excavation direction. 3. A plurality of ground materials are prepared by boring a ground in front of a face with a boring machine, inserting a jet nozzle into the boring holes after the boring, and injecting a hardening material for improving the ground at an ultrahigh pressure. Of the cylindrical improved body is continuously formed in the circumferential direction of the upper half of the tunnel, and after this formation, the lower face of the improved body is excavated, and the hole is drilled, the improved body is formed, and the tunnel is repeatedly excavated. The outer casing having a bit at the tip, an inner rod having a bit for excavation at the tip and provided in the outer casing, for driving the outer casing to rotate. A drilling machine for excavation method such as a tunnel, which comprises the outer casing rotation driving means and the inner rod rotation driving means for rotating the inner rod. 4. A boring machine for excavation method such as a tunnel according to claim 3, wherein at least one of the outer casing and the inner rod is provided with an impact force generating means for generating an impact force.