AU2003200490B2 - Apparatus and method for fracturing a hard material - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for fracturing a hard material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2003200490B2 AU2003200490B2 AU2003200490A AU2003200490A AU2003200490B2 AU 2003200490 B2 AU2003200490 B2 AU 2003200490B2 AU 2003200490 A AU2003200490 A AU 2003200490A AU 2003200490 A AU2003200490 A AU 2003200490A AU 2003200490 B2 AU2003200490 B2 AU 2003200490B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- hole
- guide
- stemming
- cartridge
- alignment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/16—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by fire-setting or by similar methods based on a heat effect
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/10—Feeding explosives in granular or slurry form; Feeding explosives by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/12—Feeding tamping material by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/22—Methods for holding or positioning for blasting cartridges or tamping cartridges
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Abstract
Apparatus 10 for fracturing a hard material 24 includes a loading head 12 provided with a guide tube 14 for receiving a cartridge 16 containing a charge of energetic material. A flexible elongated conduit 26 is advanced and retracted through the tube 14 via a reel 88. The conduit 26 is also in communication with a stemming loader 30 which holds a supply of particulate stemming material. Tube 14 is supported by a carriage 70 which is able to slide along a member 52 by operation of a rod 76 and cylinder 78. A motor 60 is also coupled to the member 52 to effect rotation of the member 52 and thus tube 14 about an axis A which is parallel to a hole 18 drilled in the material 24. By appropriate operation of the motor 60 and rod 76, the tube 14 can be moved into and out of alignment with the hole 18. When the tube 14 is moved into alignment with the hole 18, cartridge 16 is loaded into the tube 14 and pushed through the tube 14 into the hole 18 by advancing the conduit 26. Particulate stemming material from the loader 30 is then injected through the conduit 26 into the hole 18. Tube 14 and conduit 26 are then retracted from the hole 18 and subsequently moved out of alignment therewith. The cartridge 16 may then be initiated to cause fracturing of the material 24. <IMAGE>
Description
P/00/011 Regulation 3.2
AUSTRALIA
PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD
PATENT
Name of Applicant: Address of Applicant: Actual Inventor: Address for Service: ROCKTEK LTD Lot 333, Harries Way, Pinjarra 6208, Western Australia, Australia David Carnegie-Smith Griffith Hack, Patent and Trade Mark Attorneys, 6th Floor, 256 Adelaide Terrace, Perth, Western Australia, 6000.
Standard Complete Specification for the invention entitled: APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR FRACTURING A HARD MATERIAL Details of Associated Provisional Applications: US Provisional Patent Application No. 60/359,251 Dated: 20 February 2002 The following is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me:- -2- Apparatus and Method for Fracturing a Hard Material Field of the Invention 100011 This specification relates to an apparatus and method for fracturing a hard material particularly, thought not exclusively, for application in mining and civil excavation.
Background of the Invention [00021 The most common underground mining rock fracturing and/or breakage processes are: mechanical methods using rock cuffing techniques using specialised equipment such as tunnel boring machines (TBM's) and impact breakers; or drill and blast techniques where holes are drilled into a rock face, explosive charges placed in the driliholes connected up to a firing box, and once the area is clear the explosives initiated. The initiated explosives create shock waves and a rapid build up of gas pressure to cause the rock to crush, fracture and disintegrate into smaller pieces.
[0003] A major impediment with the drill and blast technique or indeed other techniques using explosives is its cyclical nature. The technique is slow and tedious because a miner operating a drilling machine must stop drilling, get down from the machine and manually load the explosive. This means that either additional personnel or equipment is required to charge and load the explosives and initiators or productive cycle time is lost while the drill operator stops to load the drill holes as well.
[0004J Recently in mining and civil excavation work, small charge blasting or controlled fracture techniques have been introduced as an alternative to conventional drill-and-blast, mechanical breakers, chemical expansion agents and, in some cases, hand methods. The term "small charge blasting" as used herein includes any excavation -3method where relatively small amounts of an energetic substance (typically a kilogram or less) is consumed for each drill hole or alternatively where a fluid is sealed in the bottom of a drill hale and pressurised in order to propagate a fracture in the material to be broken. The term "sealing" refers to the partial or total blockage of the hole to impede escape of the high-pressure gas pulse or fluid from the hole. Examples of small charge blasting devices and methods are described in US patents 5,765,923, 5,308,149 and 5,098,163.
[0005] The pressurised fluid can be generated in a number of different ways including by: combustion of a propellant; an electrical discharge into a conductive fluid; or mechanical compression of the fluid. Some form of stemming seals the hole for sufficient time to enable the fluid pressure to cause fracturing of the rock.
[0906] Small charge breakage can be highly mechanised and automated so that it can be carried out more or less continuously to increase productivity. It can also allow excavation machinery to remain near the face due to reduced flyrock discharge, and has an additional advantage of producing a relatively small seismic signature due to the small amount of blasting agent used and the lack of a shock wave.
[0007J By and large, the systems used for automated small charge breakage have relied on either gas injectors for injecting a compressed gas pulse into a hole where a barrel of the gas injector itself acts as a stemming bar or alternately have coupled a cartridge containing energetic material directly to an end of a stemming bar which is then inserted into a hole. One problem with such systems is damage to the components inserted into the drill hole due to the energy released and pressure waves produced.
Additionally, it is difficult to accurately and quickly align the gas injector or stemming bar with the drilled hole. It is typical in such system for a common boom to support both the drilling system, (eg a rail, drill steel and drifter), and a gas injector or a stemming bar. However the additional weight provided by the stemming bar or gas injector upsets the weight distribution of the boom and makes it difficult to maintain accurate alignment. This is exacerbated by the addition of a recoil mechanism which is often incorporated to reduce recoil forces on the system arising from the injector/stemming 00 bar being held in the hole when the energetic substance is initiated.
Summary of the Invention [0008] It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for Sfracturing of hard material which attempts to alleviate the disadvantages in the above described prior art.
[00091 According to the present invention there is provided an apparatus for fracturing a hard material, said apparatus comprising: a loading head provided with a guide for receiving a cartridge containing a charge of energetic material, and guiding said cartridge into a hole formed in a face of a hard material to be fractured; a system for advancing said cartridge along said guide to a toe of said hole; and, a stemming loader for loading a particulate stemming material into said hole through said guide.
[0010] Preferably said system for advancing said cartridge comprising a flexible elongated member having a first end which abuts an end of said cartridge distant said hole, and a device for advancing and retracting said flexible elongated member.
[00111 Preferably said flexible elongated member is a conduit and constitutes a part of said stemming loader, said stemming loader further comprising a stemming injector for injecting particulate stemming material into a second end of said conduit.
[00121 Preferably said stemming injector comprising a blower for blowing said particulate stemming material into and along said conduit.
[0013] Preferably said apparatus further comprising an alignment mechanism for 00 C moving said guide into and out of alignment with said hole.
100141 In one embodiment, said alignment mechanism rotates said loading head about an axis parallel to an axis of said hole, to move the guide into and out of alignment with said hole.
O[0015] However, in an alternate embodiment, said mechanism slides said loading head along an axis perpendicular to an axis of said hole, to move the guide into and out of alignment with said hole.
[00161 Preferably said apparatus further comprising a drilling system for drilling said hole, said drilling system including a rail and a drill slidably mounted on said rail, wherein said alignment mechanism is supported on said rail.
[0017] It is further envisaged that said loading head comprising a stemming bar which can be moved into and out of alignment of said hole for insertion into said hole to support said particulate stemming.
100181 Preferably said stemming bar includes a transmitter for transmitting a signal into said hole for operating an initiator or a detonator contained in said cartridge.
10019] According to the present invention there is also provided a method of fracturing a hard material, said method comprising the steps of: providing a guide for receiving a cartridge containing a charge of energetic material; aligning said guide with a hole formed in a face of a hard material; inserting the cartridge into said guide; advancing said cartridge along said guide into said hole; oo 00
O
iN injecting particulate stemming material through said guide into said hole; and, initiating said energetic material.
[0020] Preferably said method of aligning comprising advancing said guide into O abutment with said face of said hard material.
N [0021] Preferably said step of advancing said cartridge comprising pushing said Scartridge along said guide.
[0022] Preferably said step of pushing comprising advancing a length of a flexible elongated member into said guide to push said cartridge along said guide into said hole.
[0023] Preferably said step of injecting particulate material includes forming said flexible elongated member as a conduit and blowing said particulate stemming material through said conduit into said hole.
[0024] Preferably said method further includes a step of retracting said conduit from said hole as said particulate material is blown into said hole.
[0025] Preferably said method further comprising a step of attaching said guide to a drilling system which includes a rail and a drill mounted on said rail and supporting said guide on said rail.
[00261 Preferably said method comprising providing an alignment mechanism for moving said guide into and out of alignment with said hole.
[0027] Preferably said method further comprising a step of providing a stemming bar coupled to said alignment mechanism, moving said guide out of alignment with said hole; and moving said stemming bar into alignment with said hole and into abutment with said particulate stemming in said hole.
[00281 An embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is an exploded view of a loading head incorporated into the apparatus for small charge blasting; Figure 2a is an elevation view of an apparatus for small charge blasting mounted on a conventional drilirig; Figure 2b is a plan view of the apparatus depicted in Figure 2a; and, Figures 3-11 depicted in sequence a method of small charge blasting using the apparatus depicted in Figures 1-2b.
Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiment [0029J Referring to the accompanying drawings and in particular, Figures 1-3, 6 and 7 an apparatus 10 for small charge blasting includes a loading head 12 provided with a guide in the form of a tube 14 for receiving a cartridge 16 containing a charge of energetic material, and guiding the cartridge 16 to a collar 18 of the hole 20 formed in a face 22 of a hard material such as a body of rock 24 to be fractured. The term "energetic material" is used here in a general sense to include a propellant an explosive, a pyrotechnic, and any combination thereof. The apparatus 10 also incorporates a flexible elongated member in the form of a conduit 26 as part of a system for advancing the cartridge 16 along (and more particularly through) the tube 14 to a toe 28 of the hole A stemming loader 30 (see Figure 7) is also provided for loading a particulate stemming material, such as sized and graded aggregate material, into the hole through the tube 14.
[0030] As shown in Figures 2a and 2b, an embodiment of the apparatus 10 is attached to a boom 32 of a jumbo 34 and also supports a drilling system or rig 36 comprising a rail 3 8, drifter 40 and drilling steel 42, all of conventional construction.
[00311 Looking at the components of the apparatus 10 in more detail with particular reference to Figure 1, the loading bead 12 includes a swing ann 44 comprising a first relatively short member 46 which is attached at one end 48 to one end 50 of a second longer member 52 which extends perpendicular to the member 46. An opposite end 54 of the member 46 is formed with a profiled socket 56 for receiving a splined drive shaft 58 of a motor [00321 The motor 60 is attached by a series of bolts 62 to a motor bracket 64. The motor bracket 64 in turn is coupled by bolts 66 to a mounting bracket 68. The mounting bracket 68 is attached to the rail 38 of the drilling system 36.
[0033] A carriage 70 is slidably mounted on the member 52. To facilitate the sliding motion of the carriage 70, the carriage incorporates a number of rollers or wheels 72.
The carriage 70 supports a cradle 74 to which is attached the tube 14.
100341 A rod 76 of an extension cylinder 78 is attached to a bracket 80 of the carriage End 82 of the cylinder 78 opposite the rod 76 is coupled by a bracket 84 to an end 86 of the member 52.
[00351 The motor 60 moves the tube 14 by way of rotation about an axis A parallel to an axis B of the hole 18 (see Figure 5) into and out of alignment with the hole 18.
Further, the extension cylinder 78 can be operated to move the carriage 70 along the member 52 and thus lineally advance and refract the tube 14 from the face 22. The combination of the motor 60, swing arm 44, rod 76, extension cylinder 78 and carriage constitute an alignment mechanism for moving the tube 14 into and out of alignment with the hole 18.
[0036] Referring to Figure 7, it can be seen that the conduit 26 which is used for advancing or pushing the cartridge 16 is wound on a reel 88 which can be operated to advance or pay out the conduit 26 feed it into and along the tube 14) and to retract or reel it in. When the reel 88 pays out the conduit 26, one end of the conduit 26 pushes the cartridge 16 through the tube 14 towards and into the hole 20. However, the tube 26 also forms part of the stemming loader 30 used for loading particulate stemming material into the hole 20. In tbis regard, a second end of the tube 26 can be selectively placed into fluid communication with a stemming feed pipe 90 into which is fed particulate stemming material from a stemming kettle 92. An end of the stemming feed pipe 90 upstream of the kettle 92 is coupled to a blower 94. The blower 94 blows air into the stemming feed pipe 90 in which is entrained the particulate stemming material from the kettle 92. Thus, the blower 94 blows the particulate stemming material through the conduit 26 and the tube 14 into the hole [00371 As also shown in Figure 7, an upstream end 96 of the tube 14 is provided with a breach 98 for facilitating loading of cartridges 16 into the tube 14. The breach 98 is held by a breach support 100. In this particular embodiment, the cartridge 16 is precoupled to an initiator line 102 which is unwound from a reel 104.
[0038] As depicted in Figures 2a and 2b, the apparatus 10 is attached to a jumbo 3 4 with the loading head 12 attached by mounting bracket 68 to rail 38 of the drilling system 36. The stemming kettle 92 and reel 88 are mounted to the rear of the jumbo 34.
The breach 98 is located in a position where an operator of the jumbo 34 can easily manually load the cartridges 16 into the breach 98. The tube 14 has a relatively short rigid section 106 which is supported by the cradle 74 and a flexible hose portion 108 attached to an upstream end of the rigid section 106. The breach 98 is provided in the hose portion 108.
[00391 The operation of the apparatus 10 will now be described with particular reference to Figures 3 -11.
[00401 Referring to Figure 3, the jumbo 34 (not shown in this Figure) is operated in a conventional manner to drill the hole 20 into the body of rock 24. As is known in the art during this process, the drifter 40 is advanced along the rail 38 to advance the drilling steel 42 into the body of rock 24 producing a hole 20. While this is happening, the loading head 12, which is coupled to the rail 36 by the bracket 68, is disposed so that the tube 14 is out of axial alignment with and lineally spaced from, the face 22.
100411 After the hole 20 has been drilled to a required depth, the jumbo operator operates the drilling system 36 so as to retract the drilling steel 42 from the hole This is achieved by sliding the drifter 40 along the rail 38 away from the face 22 as shown in Figure 4.
100421 Next, as shown in Figure 5, the motor 60 is operated to rotate the swing ann 44 (and thus the tube 14) about axis A, so that the tube 14 is in axial alignment with the hole 20. At this stage, the tube 14 remains spaced from the face 22.
[00431 The extension cylinder 78 is now operated to extend the rod 76 thereby sliding the carriage 70 along the member 52 and lineally advancing the tube 14 to the collar 18 of the hole 20, as shown in Figure 6.
[00441 Thereafter, a cartridge 16, to which an initiator lead 102 has been attached, is inserted into the breach. 98. The breach is then closed. The breach 98 when closed is provided with an opening to allow the lead 102 to feed into the hose portion 108. Next, the reel 88 is operated to pay out or advance the conduit 26 so that one end of the conduit 26 abuts the cartridge 16 and pushes it along the hose portion 108 and rigid portion 106 of the tube 14 into the hole 20 and to the toe 28 of the hole [0045] With the conduit 26 still in the hole 20, particulate stemming material 110 from the stemming kettle 92 is blown through the conduit 26, and thus the tube 14, into the hole 20. The reel 88 is operated to retract or reel in the conduit 26 from the hole as the stemming material flows through it. Accordingly,.the hole 20 from the cartridge 16 to the collar 18 is filled with particulate stemming material 110. The injection of stemming material ceases when the packed stemming reaches the collar 18 of the hole The extension cylinder 78 is again then operated to retract the rod 76 sliding the carriage 72 along the member 52 away from the face 22 thus similarly lineally retracting the tube 14 from the face 22, as depicted in Figure 8. The lead 102 is then cut. The motor 60 is operated to rotate the swing ann 44 about axis A to rotate or swing the tube 14 out of axial alignment with the hole 20, as depicted in Figure 9. This action will cause at least a part of the length of the lead 102 to pull out of the tube 14. If any 11 portion of the lead 102 remains within the tube 14 it can easily be pulled out manually so that it is free of the apparatus 10. The boom 32 of the jumbo is then refracted to fturther space the apparatus 10 from the face 22, as shown in Figure [0046] Finally, the lead 102 is attached to a battery or other type of energy source which is then operated to cause initiation of the energetic material within the cartridge 16. This results in a fracturing of the rock in the vicinity of the hole 20 as schemnatically illustrated in Figure 11. In particular, if the energetic material is a propellant its initiation can result in a penetrating core fracture of the rock. The fractured rock if not released from the face 22 can be removed by an impact breaker.
[0047] The above process can ten be repeated as required to cause further fracturing of the rock 24.
[9048] Now that an embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail it would be apparent to those skilled in the relevant arts that numerous modifications and variations may be made without departing from the basic inventive concepts. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the cartridge 16 is attached to an initiator lead 102 which is physically coupled to a battery or some other source for providing power to initiate the energetic substance held within the cartridge 16. However in a further embodiment, the cartridge 16 may be detonated by radio waves in which case the initiator lead 102 is not required. However in such an embodiment the cartridge 16 may (though not necessarily) be provided with a short antenna for receiving the radio signals.
More particularly, the apparatus 10 may further include a stemming bar coupled to a second swing arm and second carriage 70 which can be rotated into axial alignment with the hole 20 and then lineally advanced to bear on or support the particulate stemming material 110 in the hole 20 where the stemming bar includes some form of transmitter for transmitting a radio signal into the hole to provide either initiation signals/commands which can be received by a circuit in -the cartridge 16 to initiate the energetic material. Indeed, the stemming bar and an initiator in the cartridge can be configured in a manner as set out in Applicant's Patent Application No.
PCT/AU98/00929 (the contents of which is incorporated herein by way of reference) so -12that a signal is transmitted via that stemming bar also provide operational power for the initiator.
[0049] In a further variation, rather than rotating the tube 14 (and/or stemming bar if provided) into and out of axial alignment with the hole 20, the tube 14 (and stemming bar) can be moved lineally along an axis perpendicular to the axis B of the hole 20 into and out of axial alignment with the hole [0050] All such modifications and variations together with others that would be obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art are deemed to be within the scope of the present invention the nature of which is to be determined from the above description and appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. An apparatus for fracturing a hard material, said apparatus comprising at least: a loading head provided with a guide for receiving a cartridge containing a charge of energetic material, and guiding said cartridge into a hole formed in a face of a hard material to be fractured; Sa system for advancing said cartridge along said guide to a toe of said hole; and, a stemming loader for loading a particulate stemming material into said hole through said guide.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said system for advancing said cartridge comprises a flexible elongated member having a first end which abuts an end of said cartridge distant said hole, and a device for advancing and retracting said flexible elongated member.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said flexible elongated member is a conduit and constitutes a part of said stemming loader, said stemming loader further comprising a stemming injector for injecting particulate stemming material into a second end of said conduit.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said stemming injector comprises a blower for blowing said particulate stemming material into and along said conduit. The apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising an alignment mechanism for moving said guide into and out of alignment with said hole.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5 wherein said alignment mechanism rotates said loading head about an axis parallel to an axis of said hole, to move the guide into and out of alignment with said hole. 00 ,i 7. The apparatus according to claim 5 wherein said alignment mechanism slides Ssaid loading head along an axis perpendicular to an axis of said hole, to move the guide into and out of alignment with said hole.
8. The apparatus according to claim 5 further including a drilling system for drilling said hole, said drilling system comprising a rail and a drill slidably mounted on said rail, wherein said alignment mechanism is supported on said rail.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said loading head comprises a stemming bar which can be moved into and out of alignment of said hole for insertion into said hole to support said particulate stemming. The apparatus according to claim 9 wherein said stemming bar comprises a transmitter for transmitting a signal into said hole for operating an initiator or a detonator contained in said cartridge.
11. A method of fracturing a hard material, said method comprising the steps of: providing a guide for receiving a cartridge containing a charge of energetic material; aligning said guide with a hole formed in a face of a hard material; inserting the cartridge into said guide; advancing said cartridge along said guide into said hole; injecting particulate stemming material through said guide into said hole; and, initiating said energetic material.
12. The method according to claim 11 comprising the step of advancing said guide into abutment with said face of said hard material. 00 1
13. The method according to claim 11 wherein said step of advancing said cartridge comprising pushing said cartridge along said guide.
14. The method according to claim 13 wherein said step of pushing comprises advancing a length of a flexible elongated member into said guide to push said cartridge along said guide into said hole. (Ni The method according to claim 14 wherein said step of injecting particulate N material comprises forming said flexible elongated member as a conduit and blowing said particulate stemming material through said conduit into said hole.
16. The method according to claim 15 including a step of retracting said conduit from said hole as said particulate material is blown into said hole.
17. The method according to claim 11-16 comprising a step of attaching said guide to a drilling system which includes a rail and a drill mounted on said rail and supporting said guide on said rail.
18. The method according to claim 11-17 comprising the step of providing an alignment mechanism for moving said guide into and out of alignment with said hole.
19. The method according to claim 18 comprising a step of providing a stemming bar coupled to said alignment mechanism, moving said guide out of alignment with said hole; and moving said stemming bar into alignment with said hole and into abutment with said particulate stemming in said hole. An apparatus for fracturing a hard material substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US35925102P | 2002-02-20 | 2002-02-20 | |
US60/359,251 | 2002-02-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
AU2003200490A1 AU2003200490A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
AU2003200490B2 true AU2003200490B2 (en) | 2008-05-08 |
Family
ID=27663312
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003200490A Ceased AU2003200490B2 (en) | 2002-02-20 | 2003-02-14 | Apparatus and method for fracturing a hard material |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040007911A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1338758B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE316195T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003200490B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60303260D1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200301343B (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ZA200502142B (en) | 2005-03-14 | 2005-11-30 | Jarmo Leppanen | Method of breaking rock and rock drill. |
EA016602B1 (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2012-06-29 | Сандвик Майнинг Энд Констракшн Рса (Пти) Лтд. | Electronic blasting capsule |
FI120418B (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2009-10-15 | Sandvik Mining & Constr Oy | Method and equipment for low-input mining |
FI120800B (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2010-03-15 | Sandvik Mining & Constr Oy | Method and equipment for low-input mining |
AU2011237289B2 (en) | 2010-04-06 | 2014-06-05 | Sandvik Mining And Construction Rsa (Pty) Ltd | Surface blasting product |
CN104132597B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2015-11-04 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Down-hole shothole stemming machine |
CA3020497C (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2020-07-21 | Detnet South Africa (Pty) Ltd | Apparatus for use in a blasting system |
AU2016222477A1 (en) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-22 | Mgw Engineering Pty Ltd | Apparatus for supporting an explosive device |
US11280192B2 (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2022-03-22 | 1854081 Ontario Ltd. | Apparatus and method for preparing a blast hole in a rock face during a mining operation |
JP7102652B2 (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2022-07-20 | 前田建設工業株式会社 | Explosive loading device and loading method |
CN110056353A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-26 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | The method of tight roof horizontal well water-jet staged fracturing in coal mine roadway |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2703528A (en) * | 1953-11-05 | 1955-03-08 | Maumee Collieries Company | Blasting process |
US4522125A (en) * | 1983-06-09 | 1985-06-11 | C-I-L Inc. | Charging large diameter vertical boreholes |
US6347837B1 (en) * | 1999-03-11 | 2002-02-19 | Becktek Limited | Slide assembly having retractable gas-generator apparatus |
Family Cites Families (94)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US14176A (en) * | 1856-01-29 | Improved soldering-iron | ||
US15112A (en) * | 1856-06-10 | Machine foe | ||
US685261A (en) * | 1901-03-16 | 1901-10-29 | Walter R Crane | Mechanical tamp. |
US993907A (en) * | 1910-08-23 | 1911-05-30 | Ira Swingle | Blasting-plug. |
US1070457A (en) * | 1913-06-23 | 1913-08-19 | Union Metallic Cartridge Co | Mushroom-bullet. |
US1189011A (en) * | 1916-01-06 | 1916-06-27 | William D Smith | Means for preventing erosion and overheating of firearms. |
US1479070A (en) * | 1922-07-05 | 1924-01-01 | Harris William Edward | Blasting |
US1491661A (en) * | 1924-01-25 | 1924-04-22 | Bayat Vido | Charge-tamping device |
US1616048A (en) * | 1925-06-30 | 1927-02-01 | Victor L Holt | Blasting device |
US1896817A (en) * | 1932-08-18 | 1933-02-07 | Wm E Ressler | Safety blasting plug |
US2007568A (en) * | 1934-12-06 | 1935-07-09 | William E Ressler | Blasting plug |
US2296504A (en) * | 1939-07-08 | 1942-09-22 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Blasting plug |
US2281103A (en) * | 1939-11-03 | 1942-04-28 | Gulf Oil Corp | Apparatus for placing explosives |
US2759417A (en) * | 1950-11-06 | 1956-08-21 | Olin Mathieson | Electric blasting cap and perforating gun containing said cap |
BE526268A (en) * | 1953-02-05 | |||
DE952781C (en) * | 1954-01-05 | 1956-11-22 | Mueller & Biermann Appbau Blec | Method for filling boreholes with plastic material |
US2799488A (en) * | 1955-05-12 | 1957-07-16 | Ambrose H Mandt | Method of and apparatus for the continuous mining of mineral material by combined drilling, undercutting and shooting operations |
US2980019A (en) * | 1957-09-09 | 1961-04-18 | Du Pont | Electric initiator |
US3055648A (en) * | 1958-12-30 | 1962-09-25 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Mining blasting apparatus |
US3003419A (en) * | 1960-06-06 | 1961-10-10 | Mimx Corp | Rod-type pyrogenic igniter |
NL264205A (en) * | 1960-08-11 | |||
US3134437A (en) * | 1960-08-30 | 1964-05-26 | Dow Chemical Co | Means and method of treating wells |
US3104584A (en) * | 1961-03-14 | 1963-09-24 | Jacobs Joseph Donovan | Hole packing device |
BE632157A (en) * | 1962-05-10 | |||
US3144827A (en) * | 1962-11-19 | 1964-08-18 | John T Boutwell | Blank cartridge |
US3272127A (en) * | 1963-08-05 | 1966-09-13 | Robert E Betts | Igniter squib |
DE1195696B (en) * | 1964-01-11 | 1965-07-01 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Device for drenching shooting |
US3264991A (en) * | 1965-04-13 | 1966-08-09 | Robert E Betts | Focused exploding bridge wire assembly for electric igniters |
US3313234A (en) * | 1966-03-28 | 1967-04-11 | Petroleum Tool Res Inc | Explosive well stimulation apparatus |
US3426685A (en) * | 1966-12-19 | 1969-02-11 | Orace V Stubbs | Bullet |
SE396472B (en) * | 1967-10-06 | 1977-09-19 | Nitro Nobel Ab | ELECTRIC EXPLOSION CAPSULES WITH PROTECTION AGAINST STATIC ELECTRICITY |
US3618520A (en) * | 1969-02-04 | 1971-11-09 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Method of cracking concrete |
US3604355A (en) * | 1969-02-05 | 1971-09-14 | Us Navy | Propellant-loaded cartridge |
US3623771A (en) * | 1970-06-25 | 1971-11-30 | Du Pont | Drill-and-blast excavating apparatus and method |
US3721471A (en) * | 1971-10-28 | 1973-03-20 | Du Pont | Drill-and-blast module |
BE794363A (en) * | 1972-01-26 | 1973-05-16 | Kalk Chemische Fabrik Gmbh | JAM CARTRIDGE AND METHOD OF INTRODUCING EXPLOSIVE CHARGES IN MINE HOLES |
US3960082A (en) * | 1974-01-29 | 1976-06-01 | Fedor Ignatievich Sloevsky | Down-the-hole device for breaking rock, concrete and reinforced concrete by pulsewize high liquid pressure |
US3945319A (en) * | 1974-10-24 | 1976-03-23 | William Kevin Meagher | Blasting mat |
US4007783A (en) * | 1974-12-18 | 1977-02-15 | Otis Engineering Corporation | Well plug with anchor means |
SE408594B (en) * | 1975-06-09 | 1979-06-18 | Nitro Nobel Ab | DEVICE FOR INFORMATION OF EXPLOSION CAPSULES IN DRILLS |
US4074629A (en) * | 1975-06-25 | 1978-02-21 | Colgate Stirling A | Blasting agent and method |
SE422967B (en) * | 1975-09-19 | 1982-04-05 | Atlas Copco Ab | KIT AND DEVICE FOR REPLACING A SOLID MATERIAL |
US4040355A (en) * | 1975-10-09 | 1977-08-09 | Hercules Incorporated | Excavation apparatus and method |
CH598472A5 (en) * | 1975-10-23 | 1978-04-28 | Cerac Inst Sa | |
SE7607337L (en) * | 1976-06-28 | 1977-12-29 | Atlas Copco Ab | KIT AND DEVICE FOR BREAKING A SOLID MATERIAL |
GB1545236A (en) * | 1976-11-06 | 1979-05-02 | Lockwood Bennett Ltd | Mining equipment |
SE7613107L (en) * | 1976-11-24 | 1978-05-25 | Atlas Copco Ab | SET AND DEVICE FOR BREAKING SOLID MATERIAL. |
US4165690A (en) * | 1976-12-17 | 1979-08-28 | Rock Fall Company Limited | Drill units for drilling and charge laying operations and method of carrying out the operations |
US4140188A (en) * | 1977-10-17 | 1979-02-20 | Peadby Vann | High density jet perforating casing gun |
US4208966A (en) * | 1978-02-21 | 1980-06-24 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Methods and apparatus for selectively operating multi-charge well bore guns |
ES476388A1 (en) * | 1978-12-27 | 1979-04-16 | Lasheras Barrios Fernando | Anti-aircraft projectile. |
US4315463A (en) * | 1980-02-05 | 1982-02-16 | Arcand Leo H | Blasting mat |
BE887123A (en) * | 1981-01-19 | 1981-07-20 | Bourguignonne Plastique | CARTRIDGE FOR STUFFING MINE HOLES |
DE3149145C1 (en) * | 1981-12-11 | 1983-08-25 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Use of cross-linked polyethylene |
JPS58138894A (en) * | 1982-02-12 | 1983-08-17 | マツダ株式会社 | Automatic boring control apparatus |
JPS58142200A (en) * | 1982-02-19 | 1983-08-23 | マツダ株式会社 | Controller for charge of detonator |
JPS60111900A (en) * | 1983-11-22 | 1985-06-18 | 日本油脂株式会社 | Remote control short-dealy blasting device |
DE3416736C2 (en) * | 1984-05-07 | 1986-10-02 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Propellant charge lighter |
US4592282A (en) * | 1984-07-10 | 1986-06-03 | Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara Aktiebolag | Charging apparatus for cartridged explosives |
EP0174115B1 (en) * | 1984-09-04 | 1989-07-26 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Method and apparatus for safer remotely controlled firing of ignition elements |
US4869171A (en) * | 1985-06-28 | 1989-09-26 | D J Moorhouse And S T Deeley | Detonator |
US4860653A (en) * | 1985-06-28 | 1989-08-29 | D. J. Moorhouse | Detonator actuator |
US4829900A (en) * | 1986-09-15 | 1989-05-16 | Boutade Worldwide Investments Nv | Mat for use with rock breaking tool |
US4854705A (en) * | 1988-04-05 | 1989-08-08 | Aerometrics, Inc. | Method and apparatus to determine the size and velocity of particles using light scatter detection from confocal beams |
US5576511A (en) * | 1988-12-06 | 1996-11-19 | Alhamad; Shaikh G. M. Y. | Anti-explosion pads with steel mesh, slitted metal foil and expanded metal net |
US5000516A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1991-03-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Apparatus for rapidly generating pressure pulses for demolition of rock having reduced pressure head loss and component wear |
US5033390A (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1991-07-23 | Morton International, Inc. | Trilevel performance gas generator |
US5052301A (en) * | 1990-07-30 | 1991-10-01 | Walker Richard E | Electric initiator for blasting caps |
US5098163A (en) * | 1990-08-09 | 1992-03-24 | Sunburst Recovery, Inc. | Controlled fracture method and apparatus for breaking hard compact rock and concrete materials |
US5211224A (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1993-05-18 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Annular shaped power charge for subsurface well devices |
US5308149A (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1994-05-03 | Sunburst Excavation, Inc. | Non-explosive drill hole pressurization method and apparatus for controlled fragmentation of hard compact rock and concrete |
US5765923A (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1998-06-16 | Sunburst Excavation, Inc. | Cartridge for generating high-pressure gases in a drill hole |
US5452661A (en) * | 1992-06-15 | 1995-09-26 | Neff; George R. | Hermetically sealed devices for leak detection |
US5247886A (en) * | 1992-10-14 | 1993-09-28 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Blast plug and stemming construction for blast holes |
US5253586A (en) * | 1992-10-15 | 1993-10-19 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Method of stemming a blast hole |
US5551344A (en) * | 1992-11-10 | 1996-09-03 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for overbalanced perforating and fracturing in a borehole |
CA2111880C (en) * | 1992-12-24 | 2001-06-12 | Anthony L. Ey | Shaped charges |
US5670737A (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1997-09-23 | Denel (Proprietary) Limited | Breaking up of rock and the like |
US5573307A (en) * | 1994-01-21 | 1996-11-12 | Maxwell Laboratories, Inc. | Method and apparatus for blasting hard rock |
US5482754A (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 1996-01-09 | Crook; Carol A. | Multi-layer rubber mat |
US5564499A (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1996-10-15 | Willis; Roger B. | Method and device for slotting well casing and scoring surrounding rock to facilitate hydraulic fractures |
US5710390A (en) * | 1995-08-01 | 1998-01-20 | Ofca; William W. | Shock tube initiating system for display fireworks |
WO1997006402A2 (en) * | 1995-08-04 | 1997-02-20 | Bolinas Technologies, Inc. | Controlled small-charge blasting by explosive |
US5803550A (en) * | 1995-08-07 | 1998-09-08 | Bolinas Technologies, Inc. | Method for controlled fragmentation of hard rock and concrete by the combination use of impact hammers and small charge blasting |
US5611605A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1997-03-18 | Mccarthy; Donald E. | Method apparatus and cartridge for non-explosive rock fragmentation |
US5714712A (en) * | 1996-10-25 | 1998-02-03 | The Ensign-Bickford Company | Explosive initiation system |
GB9622942D0 (en) * | 1996-11-04 | 1997-01-08 | Shann Peter C | Stemming arrangement and method for blast holes |
WO1999020974A2 (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 1999-04-29 | Rocktek Limited | Detonating device for removing mine obstructions |
US5874691A (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-02-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Kinetic energy collapsible training projectile |
US6119574A (en) * | 1998-07-02 | 2000-09-19 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Blast effects suppression system |
US6305292B1 (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 2001-10-23 | Federal Cartridge Company | Captive soft-point bullet |
US6339992B1 (en) * | 1999-03-11 | 2002-01-22 | Rocktek Limited | Small charge blasting apparatus including device for sealing pressurized fluids in holes |
US6213022B1 (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2001-04-10 | Johnie R. Pullum | Cartridge for hunting or the like |
US6679175B2 (en) * | 2001-07-19 | 2004-01-20 | Rocktek Limited | Cartridge and method for small charge breaking |
-
2003
- 2003-02-14 AU AU2003200490A patent/AU2003200490B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-02-19 US US10/369,820 patent/US20040007911A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-19 ZA ZA200301343A patent/ZA200301343B/en unknown
- 2003-02-20 EP EP03251038A patent/EP1338758B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-20 DE DE60303260T patent/DE60303260D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-02-20 AT AT03251038T patent/ATE316195T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2703528A (en) * | 1953-11-05 | 1955-03-08 | Maumee Collieries Company | Blasting process |
US4522125A (en) * | 1983-06-09 | 1985-06-11 | C-I-L Inc. | Charging large diameter vertical boreholes |
US6347837B1 (en) * | 1999-03-11 | 2002-02-19 | Becktek Limited | Slide assembly having retractable gas-generator apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1338758B1 (en) | 2006-01-18 |
ZA200301343B (en) | 2004-08-19 |
US20040007911A1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
EP1338758A1 (en) | 2003-08-27 |
DE60303260D1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
AU2003200490A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
ATE316195T1 (en) | 2006-02-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CA2088924C (en) | Controlled fracture method and apparatus for breaking hard compact rock and concrete materials | |
US9482507B2 (en) | Method of underground rock blasting | |
AP1053A (en) | Method for controlled fragmentation of hard rock and concrete by the combination use of impact hammers and small charge blasting. | |
AU2003200490B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for fracturing a hard material | |
EP0124658A1 (en) | Roof bolter | |
RU2443846C1 (en) | Method and device to perform blasting with small charges | |
US20220282958A1 (en) | Triggering explosives in holes | |
CN109162717B (en) | Mining and tunnel engineering hydraulic tunneling method and equipment thereof | |
JP3465208B2 (en) | Tunnel excavation method and drilling / lock anchor driving machine used therefor | |
RU2326284C1 (en) | Method of trenchless pipeline construction | |
WO2002101196A1 (en) | A method of excavating a hard material body | |
Mishra et al. | Innovative developments in drilling and blasting techniques for rapid excavation of drivages in mines. | |
CN116642389A (en) | Quick hole sealing method for upward deep hole blasting | |
WO2002077414A1 (en) | An excavation method |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) | ||
MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |