JPH0960482A - Cutting method for working face by shield machine and shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the cutter bit replacing work of a shield machine. SOLUTION: Shell bits 6 made of a cylindrical member buried and fixed with many cemented carbide tips 8 on the peripheral face are rotation-fixably arranged centering on rotary shafts 9 located on straight lines toward the outside in the radial direction from the rotation center axis 4 of the cutter face 1 in this cutting method of a working face by a shield machine 20 provided with a planar cutter face 1. The shell bits 6 are arranged and fixed so that the peripheral edge portions including the cemented carbide tips 8 are partially protruded forward from the cutter face 1. During the cutting work of the working face by the rotary drive of the cutter face 1, the rotation of the shell bits 6 is fixed, the peripheral edge portions of the shell bits 6 protruded forward from the cutter face 1 and the cutting tips 8 are switched, and the cutting work of the working face is continued.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for cutting a face with a shield machine and a shield machine, and more particularly to a method for cutting a face with a shield machine having a plane cutter face, and a method for cutting a plane. The present invention relates to a shield machine having a cutter face.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the field of urban civil engineering in particular, a tunnel method using a shield machine is known as a method for excavating and forming a tunnel in the ground where groundwater exists or in the ground where the ground is relatively soft. The tunnel construction method using this shield machine is assembling a lining body that covers the inner wall surface of the tunnel called a segment behind it while excavating the face face with the shield machine, and the inner wall surface of the tunnel is constructed by the lining body. The tunnel is excavated and formed while protecting and protecting the lining body.

A tunnel construction method using this shield machine includes, for example, a cutter disk, that is, a cutter face provided at the tip of the shield machine.
While turning it while pressing it against the face of the tunnel, the ground of the face of the face is cut by a large number of cutter bits attached to this cutter face, and the cut earth and sand are taken into the compartment provided behind the cutter face and the taken earth and sand. The tunnel excavation work is carried out while removing it to the rear via a mud pipe or a screw conveyor.

Here, the cutter face provided in such a shield machine has various shapes such as a spoke type, a face plate type and a dome type depending on the soil condition of the target ground and the excavation method. There is. Among them, according to a face plate type with a flat cutter face and a dome type shield machine with a spherical cutter face, a large number of cutter bits are planted on the surface of these flat cutter faces. The surface is cut, and the excavation work is carried out while taking in the cut earth and sand into the compartment behind the cutter face through the slit opening formed in the surface of the cutter face.

On the other hand, in recent years, the tunnel construction method using such a shield machine has been aimed at increasing the depth and increasing the distance, and in order to cope with such long distance construction, a cutter bit attached to the cutter face is used. It has become an essential matter to maintain the cutting function for a long time. For this reason, conventionally, the cutting function of the cutter face is maintained by replacing the cutter bit, which has been worn or damaged due to long-term use and has a reduced cutting function, and restarting the excavation work using a new cutter bit. The method of doing was adopted.

[0006]

According to the conventional method of exchanging the cutter bit, the so-called closed shield machine having the face plate type, the dome type, or the spoke type cutter face,
It is difficult for an operator to directly enter the front face of the cutter face during the excavation work in each work section.Therefore, a special auxiliary construction method such as ground improvement is required to perform such cutter bit replacement work. Need to be installed. In addition, a method is also used in which a vertical shaft for exchanging the cutter bit is provided on the extension of the tunnel, and the front surface of the shield machine is reached in the vertical shaft for exchanging the cutter bit.

However, in such a conventional method of exchanging the cutter bit, especially when the depth of the tunnel is deep, a lot of construction period and construction cost are required for the special auxiliary construction method and the installation work of the vertical shaft, and economical construction is required. There was a problem that I could not do. In addition, there is a problem in that, especially when performing a replacement work in the ground while applying a special auxiliary construction method such as ground improvement, the replacement work may be forced under an unfavorable working environment.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and enables the long-distance tunnel excavation work by the shield machine while maintaining the cutting function of the cutter face for a long time. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method of cutting a face face by a shield machine which can easily omit or reduce the replacement work of the cutter bit.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a shield machine capable of maintaining a cutting function of a cutter face for a long period of time and easily performing a long distance tunnel excavation work.

[0010]

The present invention has been made in order to achieve the above object, and its gist is a method of cutting a face by a shield machine having a plane cutter face. A shell bit, which is a cylindrical member having a number of cutting tips embedded and fixed on its peripheral surface, is configured to be rotatable and fixed about a rotation axis located on a straight line extending radially outward from the center axis of rotation of the cutter face. At the same time, the shell bit is arranged and fixed in a state where a part of the peripheral edge portion including the cutting tip is projected forward from the cutter face, and when the cutting face is cut by the turning drive of the cutter face. The fixing of the shell bit is appropriately released, and the shell bit is rotated by a predetermined angle to be fixed again. While repeating the rotational fixing of the shell bit, the cutter is In cutting method of working face surface by the shield machine and performing a cutting operation of the working face surface while interchanging the shell bit circumferential portion and the cutting tip projects forwardly from the face.

Further, in the cutting face cutting method of the present invention, the rotation of the shell bit is caused by the rotation of the cutter face in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction. It is preferable to rotate the shell bit through the contact resistance between them.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a shield machine having a plane cutter face, wherein the cutter face includes a shell bit as a cylindrical member having a number of cutting chips embedded and fixed on the peripheral surface thereof. , The shell bit is configured to be rotatable around a rotation axis located on a straight line radially outward from the turning center axis of the cutter face, and the shell bit is provided at a peripheral edge portion including the cutting tip. A part of the shell bit is arranged to project forward from the cutter face, and the end surface of the shell bit is provided with a plurality of locking holes at predetermined angular intervals around the rotation shaft, The cutter face is fixed to the cutter face so that it can be detachably fitted and locked with the locking hole by projecting and retracting toward the end face of the shell bit. In the shield machine and providing a stopper member.

According to the present invention, the shell bit, in which a large number of cutting tips are embedded and fixed along the peripheral surface, causes a part of the peripheral edge portion to protrude forward from the surface of the cutter face in the fixed state, and this protruding portion The cutting face located in the area is used for cutting the face. Then, as the tunnel excavation work progresses, the shell bit is appropriately unfixed, rotated by a predetermined angle and then fixed again, and by this rotation, it projects forward from the surface of the cutter face. Cutting tips that contribute to cutting work are
It is located behind the cutter face and is replaced with a cutting tip that is less worn or damaged. That is, according to the present invention, a large number of cutting tips embedded and fixed on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical shell bit are used almost evenly while rotating and exchanging the shell bit, so that one cutting tip bears the burden. This reduces the amount of cutting that is required, which allows the cutting function of the cutter face to be maintained for a long time.

A large number of shell bits are arranged over substantially the entire area of the cutter face while selecting a position where an area necessary for the arrangement can be secured with respect to the planar surface of the cutter face. However, it is possible to efficiently complement the cutter bit normally arranged on the surface of a planar cutter face by arranging it intensively on the outer edge part of the cutter face with a long cutting sliding distance. It is possible to reduce the cutting load of these cutter bits and easily reduce the wear and damage of the cutter bits. That is, the shell bit can be installed over the entire cutter face to maintain the cutting function of the cutter face for a long period of time, and by using together with a normal cutter bit, the cutting function can be maintained for a long period of time. You can also do it.

The rotation of the shell bit is carried out by rotating the cutter face through a contact resistance between a part of the peripheral edge portion of the shell bit projecting forward from the cutter face and the face surface. It can be done easily.

Further, according to the shield machine of the present invention, the shell bit is fixedly arranged on the end face of the shell bit at a plurality of locking holes provided around the rotary shaft at predetermined angular intervals, and on the cutter face. Locking means composed of a stopper member that is detachably fitted and locked in the locking hole by projecting and retracting toward the end surface of the shell bit, and rotation of the shell bit associated with the turning drive of the cutter face. By this, the shell bit can be easily fixed by turning.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Shield machine 20 according to this embodiment
1 is based on an already known excavator as a shield excavator equipped with a face plate type cutter face 1 as shown in FIG. 1 as a front view. This shield excavator 20 is, for example, a muddy type shield excavator. According to such a muddy water type shield machine 20, a large number of cutter bits 5 are planted on the surface of a flat cutter face 1 to cut a face while rotating the circular cutter face 1 to rotate. While performing the work, the cut earth and sand is taken into the compartment provided behind the cutter face 1 through the slit opening 3 formed on the surface of the cutter face 1, and the taken earth and sand is excavated through the mud pipe. Mix it with the muddy water sent to the compartment from behind the machine 20,
Along with this muddy water, the shield machine 20 is passed through the mud pipe.
The excavation work is carried out while discharging to the rear.

According to the muddy water shield machine 20, a lining body called a segment for covering the inner wall surface of the tunnel after the excavation is assembled behind the shield machine 20 to collapse the surrounding ground. While excavating the tunnel, the shield excavator 20 receives a propulsive reaction force from the assembled segment while protecting the tunnel from excavation.

Then, the shield machine 20 of this embodiment is used.
Is a shell bit as a disk-shaped solid cylindrical member in which a plurality of cemented carbide tips 8 are embedded and fixed along the peripheral surface in addition to the configuration of the shield excavator including the conventionally known face plate type cutter face 1. 6 are provided on the outer edge portion of the surface of the cutter face 1 along the outer edge portion, and 12 bodies are provided.
Further, each shell bit 6 is attached so as to be rotatable about a rotation shaft 9 located on a straight line extending radially outward from the rotation center shaft 4 of the cutter face 1.

That is, as shown in an enlarged view in FIGS. 2 and 3, the shell bit 6 is made of, for example, steel, nickel chrome molybdenum or the like, and is a solid cylindrical mother body having a relatively small thickness as compared with the diameter. A cemented carbide tip 8 made of, for example, tungsten carbide is divided into 12 pieces on the peripheral surface of the material 30
While extending in the thickness direction of the base material 7 at every angular interval of °,
The shell bit 6 is embedded and fixed in parallel at twelve places in a state of protruding from the peripheral surface. The shell bit 6 is supported by a rotating shaft 9, and the shell bit is opened through a shell bit opening 13 on the surface of the cutter face 1. A part of the peripheral edge portion of the bit 6 is attached in a state of protruding forward from the surface of the cutter face 1. Therefore, by rotating the shell bit 6 about the rotary shaft 9, the position of the peripheral edge portion of the shell bit 6 protruding from the surface of the cutter face 1 and the cemented carbide tip 8 fixed thereto can be appropriately changed. You can do it.

Further, the shell bit 6 is provided with 90 ° around the rotary shaft 9 so as to penetrate both end faces thereof.
The locking holes 7a are formed at four positions at different angular intervals, and the locking holes 7a, together with a stopper member described later, constitute locking means for locking and fixing the rotation of the shell bit 6. Will be done.

The rotating shaft 9 bearing the shell bit 6
Is made of, for example, a round bar made of steel, and is erected and supported between a pair of support brackets 14 projecting and fixed on the back side of the cutter face 1 with the shell bit opening 13 interposed therebetween, and the shell bit 6 is attached to the peripheral edge A part of the portion is firmly supported in a state of protruding from the shell bit opening 13 to the surface of the cutter face 1.

Further, on the rear side of the cutter face 1, at the position facing the end surface of the shell bit 6 provided with the locking hole 7a, the end surface of the shell bit 6 is supported by the hydraulic cylinder 12 supported by the support frame 15. A stopper pin 11 is provided so as to project and retreat toward. The hydraulic cylinder 12 and the stopper pin 11 constitute a stopper member.

Therefore, the stopper pin 11 is projected to engage and lock with any one of the four locking holes 7a of the shell bit 6, thereby making the shell bit 6 a cemented carbide tip. 8 makes it possible to fix the face of the cutting face in a state in which it can be cut, and the stopper pin 11
Is retracted to release the engagement with the locking hole 7a, the shell bit 6 becomes rotatable, and the stopper pin 11 is projected again after rotating the shell bit 6 by a predetermined angle.
By fitting and locking with a, the position of the peripheral portion of the shell bit 6 protruding from the surface of the cutter face 1 and the cemented carbide tip 8 fixed to this can be easily changed.

According to the shield machine 20 having the above structure, the shell bit 6 disposed on the outer edge portion of the surface of the cutter face 1 is fitted and locked by the locking hole 7a and the stopper member 11. Then, after fixing a part of the peripheral edge portion in a state of protruding from the cutter face 1, the cutter face 1 is rotationally driven to perform the cutting work of the face by the carbide tip 8 of the peripheral edge portion.

After the cutting work has been performed for a predetermined distance, the cutting work is temporarily stopped, the stopper pin 11 is retracted to release the engagement between the locking hole 7a and the stopper pin 11, and
If the cutter face 1 is swung slowly, the rotating shaft 9
Due to the contact resistance with the facet in the direction perpendicular to the shell bit 6, a moment force centering on the rotation shaft 9 acts on the shell bit 6 to rotate about it. For example, after rotating 90 °, the stopper pin 1
When 1 is projected again and engaged with the locking hole 7a, the shell bit 6 is fixed in a state where the carbide tip 8 protruding from the surface of the cutter face 1 is replaced, and the replaced carbide tip 8 is replaced. Therefore, the cutting work of the face is performed.

That is, according to the method of cutting the face face of this embodiment, a plurality of cemented carbide tips 8 embedded and fixed on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical shell bit 6 are exchanged by appropriately rotating and fixing the shell bit 6. However, by using them substantially evenly, the cutting amount that one carbide tip 8 bears can be reduced, whereby the cutting function of the cutter face 1 can be easily maintained for a long period of time.

The method of cutting a face face by the shield machine according to the present invention is the shield machine 2 having the above-mentioned structure.
It is not limited to the cutting method when 0 is used.

Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to the muddy water shield machine 20 having the face plate type cutter face 1 is described, but the present invention is limited to the embodiment. Instead of other face plate type or dome type shield excavators, any shield excavator equipped with a planar cutter face can be easily applied to all excavators, and also muddy water type shield excavators. Not just machine 20
It can be applied to various types of shield machine such as earth pressure type.

Further, in the above embodiment, the shell bit 6
Is provided only on the outer edge portion of the cutter face 1 having a long cutting sliding distance, and the cutting operation is performed while efficiently complementing a large number of ordinary cutter bits 5 provided on the surface of the cutter face 1. However, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and may be any position on the surface of the cutter face 1 as long as the area required to dispose the shell bit 6 can be secured. A shell bit 6 can be provided, and a large number of such shell bits 6 can be arranged and used over the entire area of the cutter face 1.

[0031]

As described above in detail, according to the method of cutting a face of the present invention, a shell bit having a large number of cutting chips embedded and fixed on the peripheral surface is radially outward from the turning center axis of the cutter face. It is configured so that it can be rotated and fixed around a rotation axis that is located on a straight line toward, and the cutting face is cut while the cutting bits used are rotated by rotating the shell bit appropriately, so the cutting function by the cutter face Can be held for a long period of time to enable long-distance tunnel excavation work by a shield machine, whereby the cutter bit replacement work can be easily omitted or reduced.

Further, the rotation of the shell bit can be easily performed while rotating the shell bit by rotating the cutter face via the contact resistance between the shell bit and the face.

Further, according to the shield machine of the present invention, a shell bit having a large number of cutting chips embedded and fixed on the peripheral surface is provided with a rotary shaft located on a straight line extending radially outward from the center axis of rotation of the cutter face. Since it can be easily rotated and fixed as the center, the cutting function of the cutter face can be maintained for a long period of time by exchanging the cutting tips as appropriate, and long-distance tunnel excavation work can be performed easily. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a face plate type shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, showing a state of attachment of a shell bit to a cutter face.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 1, showing a state of attachment of the shell bit to the cutter face.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cutter Face 6 Shell Bit 7a Locking Hole 8 Carbide Tip 9 Rotating Shaft 11 Stopper Pin (Stopper Member) 12 Hydraulic Cylinder (Stopper Member) 20 Shield Machine

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method of cutting a face using a shield machine having a planar cutter face, wherein a shell bit as a cylindrical member having a number of cutting chips embedded and fixed on the peripheral surface is rotated by the cutter face. The shell bit is configured to be rotatable and fixed about a rotary shaft located on a straight line radially outward from the central shaft, and the shell bit is
A part of the peripheral portion including the cutting tip is arranged and fixed in a state of protruding forward from the cutter face, and the shell bit is fixed when cutting face is cut by rotating the cutter face. It is appropriately released and rotated by a predetermined angle to be fixed again, and while repeatedly rotating and fixing the shell bit, the peripheral face of the shell bit projecting forward from the cutter face and the cutting tip are exchanged, and the face surface is cut. A method of cutting a face by a shield machine, which is characterized by performing cutting work of. 2. The shell bit is rotated through contact resistance between the shell bit and the face face, which is generated in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction as the cutter face rotates. The method of cutting a face by a shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the bit is rotated. 3. A shield machine having a planar cutter face, wherein the cutter face includes a shell bit as a cylindrical member in which a number of cutting chips are embedded and fixed on the peripheral surface, and the shell bit is the cutter. The shell bit is configured to be rotatable about a rotation axis located on a straight line radially outward from the center axis of rotation of the face, and the shell bit is part of the peripheral edge portion including the cutting tip from the cutter face. The shell bit is arranged so as to project forward, and a plurality of locking holes are provided on the end surface of the shell bit at predetermined angular intervals around the rotation shaft, and the cutter face is provided with this locking hole. A stopper member, which is fixed and is detachably fitted and locked to the locking hole by projecting and retracting toward the end surface of the shell bit, is provided. A shield machine to collect.