JP2531152Y2 - Shield excavator cutter head - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield head of a shield machine capable of replacing a cutter bit during excavation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a cutter head rotatably disposed on the front surface of a shield machine comprises, for example, four turning spokes extending in the radial direction every 90 degrees from the rotation axis. Dozens of cutter bits are attached to the machine. And this cutter bit
In general, the excavator starts excavating from the starting shaft and continues to be used until it reaches the reaching shaft.

[0003]

However, when excavating without replacing the cutter bit as described above, significant wear may occur during the excavation process, which leads to a decrease in the excavating ability of the cutter. This can be determined with a hydraulic gauge or the like. However, even if the wear of this cutter bit can be determined, it is difficult to replace the cutter bit at present, and if it is necessary to replace it,
After improving the soil quality (hardening) of the face to prevent the settlement of the ground, it is necessary to construct a space in front of the cutter head by hand digging, which is extremely uneconomic in terms of cost and construction period.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a cutter head of a shield machine capable of easily and quickly replacing a cutter bit when the wear of the cutter bit can be determined. I do.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a plurality of pivots extending in a radial direction on a center member disposed at the front of the shield body so as to be rotatable around the axis of the shield body. Spokes are provided, and these turning spokes are configured to be rotatable around a spoke axis along the length direction, and a plurality of cutter bits are fixed to a plurality of surfaces around the turning spoke at predetermined intervals in the length direction.
In the state where the cutter bit is located on the front side, a spoke fixing means capable of fixing the turning spoke to the center member is provided, and a spoke rotating means capable of rotating the turning spoke around the spoke axis is provided , and the turning spoke is excavated.
It is configured to be movable in the front-rear direction with respect to the
Providing withdrawal means to move the turning spokes back and forth
It is a thing.

[0006]

According to the above construction, when it is determined that the cutter bit is worn during the excavation, the turning of the cutter head is stopped, and the turning spoke is moved from the excavating surface by the retracting means.
Retract backwards. Then, release the spoke fixing means, rotate the revolving spoke around the spoke axis by the spoke rotating means, move the worn cutter bit from the front to the rear, and simultaneously move a new cutter bit to the front, and fix the spoke. The turning spokes are fixed by means. And the turning that was retreating by the retreating means
The spokes protrude forward with respect to the excavation surface.

As a result, a worn cutter bit can be easily and quickly replaced with a new cutter bit, and special construction for replacing the cutter bit and extension of the construction period are not required. Also, when replacing the cutter bit
Is to retract the swivel spokes back from the
The cutter bit moves backward from the excavation surface.
The rotation of the swivel spokes is smooth and reliable.
I can do it.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. The cutter head 1 has a center member 2 protruding forward from an axial position of a shield body (not shown), that is, a position of a turning axis O ₁ of the cutter head 1.
In addition, two turning spokes 180 in the radial direction separated by 180 degrees,
The plurality of cutter bits 4A and 4B are fixed to the front and rear surfaces of the revolving spoke 3 at predetermined intervals in the length direction, respectively. These revolving spokes 3 are connected to each other by a square pillar-shaped support shaft 5 constituting the center member 2.
Both ends is rotatably supported around a spoke axis O ₂ along the length of the pivoting spokes 3 by bearing members 6,6 and the bit interchange passive gears 7, 7 respectively fixed at 5 at both ends the support shaft Have been.

At the rear of the support shaft 5, the shield body is rotatable about the pivot axis O ₁ and the pivot axis O _1.
The tip of a turning drive shaft 8 supported so as to be able to move back and forth in the direction is connected and fixed via a fastening jig 9. A turning passive gear 10 is formed at the base end of the turning drive shaft 8, and a turning drive gear 12 attached to an output shaft of a cutter turning motor 11 is meshed with the turning passive gear 10.
The cutter driving motor 11 is configured to turn the turning spokes 3 through the turning drive shaft 8 for turning.

An output shaft of a drive shaft extending / retreating jack 13 disposed on the shield body side is connected to a base end portion of the turning drive shaft 8 via a rotary joint, and the fastening jig 9 is removed. Thereafter, by contracting the drive shaft evacuation / retraction jack 13 and retreating the turning drive shaft 8, the support shaft 5 is made free and the turning spoke 3 can be rotated around the spoke axis. That is, the turning drive shaft 8 is also used as a cutter head turning drive means and a spoke fixing means B for fixing the turning spoke 7 so that the cutter bit 4A or 4B faces the excavation surface. 8, a fastening jig 9, and a drive shaft extension / retreat jack 13.

Further, on the shield main body side, there are provided spoke retracting jacks 14 each having an output shaft connected to the bearing member 6, and two bits for rotating the revolving spoke 3 around the spoke axis. Replacement motor 1
When the spokes are retracted and the revolving spokes 3 are retracted from the digging position (a) shown in FIG. 1 to the retracted position (b) shown in FIG. 2, the bit-exchange passive gear 7 is provided. Replacement drive gear 16 for meshing
The bit exchange drive gear 16 is attached to the output shaft of the bit exchange motor 15.

Incidentally, the spoke evacuation / retraction jack 14 is
Rotate spoke 3 between excavation position (a) and retreat position (b)
This is an example of a retreating means for moving back and forth in the front-rear direction. As described above, the spoke rotating means C is constituted by the bit replacement motor 15, the bit replacement drive gear 16, and the bit replacement passive gear 7, and when the cutter bit 4A on the front surface of the revolving spoke 3 is worn, the bit replacement motor 15 is used. the replacement drive gear 16 and the bit interchange passive gear 7 turning spokes 3 through can be rotated move to rotate 180 degrees in the spoke axis O ₂ around to face the cutter bit 4B of the rear excavation surface.

The center member 2 comprises the support shaft 5, the bearing member 6, the turning exchange passive gear 7, the turning drive shaft 8, and the like. The front surface of the center member 2 is covered with a cover body 17, and the center member 2 is formed of excavated earth and sand. It is isolated.

In the above configuration, while the cutter turning motor 11 is rotated to rotate the cutter head 1, the shield excavator is excavated to excavate the tunnel, and the excavation distance increases and the soil condition changes. As a result, when the cutter bit 4A wears and the excavating ability decreases, first, the turning of the cutter head 1 is stopped. Then, the spoke retracting jack 14 is contracted (the drive shaft retracting jack 13 is contracted or driven at the same time), and the revolving spoke 3 is retracted from the excavation position (a) to the retracted position (b). With the bit exchange drive gear 16.

Next, the fastening jig 9 is removed, the support shaft 5 and the turning drive shaft 8 are separated, and the drive shaft extension / retraction jack 13 is contracted to separate the turning drive shaft 8 from the support shaft 5. And
The bit-exchange motor 15 is started to rotate the bit-exchange drive gear 16, and the turning spoke 3 is turned around the spoke axis O ₂ by the bit-exchange passive gear 7 and the support shaft 5.
By rotating the cutter bit by 80 degrees, the worn front cutter bit 4A is moved to the rear side, and at the same time, the new rear cutter bit 4B is rotated to face the excavation surface.

Further, the drive shaft extending / retreating jack 13 is advanced, the front end face of the turning drive shaft 8 is brought into contact with the support shaft 5 and a fastening jig 9 is mounted, and the turning drive shaft 8 and the support shaft 5 are connected and fixed. I do. Then, the spoke retracting jack 14 is advanced to project the turning spoke 3 from the retracted position (b) to the excavation position (a). Thus, excavation can be continued with a new cutter bit 4B.

As described above, the replacement of the cutter bit 4A is performed.
In this case, the turning spoke 3 is retracted once backward from the excavation surface.
Cutters that are difficult to drill
-The bit 4A moves away from the excavation surface and
The rotation of the multiple spokes 3 can be performed smoothly and reliably.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show another embodiment in which three or more turning spokes 23 are arranged radially from the center member 22, and the same members as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. The description is omitted.

That is, in the cutter head 21, for example, four turning spokes 23 are disposed in the radial direction from the center member 22 at every 90 degrees, and a support shaft 25 provided at the base end of the turning spoke 23 has a bearing. Each body 26 is rotatably supported about a spoke axis O ₂ . A bit exchange passive bevel gear 27 is mounted on the support shaft 25.
Are fixed respectively. A tip of a turning drive shaft 28 supported on the shield body so as to be rotatable about the turning axis O ₁ and to be able to move back and forth in the direction of the turning axis O ₁ is connected and fixed to a rear surface of the bearing body 26. A bit exchange drive bevel gear 38 meshing with the bit exchange passive bevel gear 27 is attached to the tip of the turning drive shaft 28, and a bit exchange intermediate gear 39 is fixed to the rear part. On the other hand, when the drive shaft extension / retraction jack 13 is contracted to retract the turning spoke 23 from the excavation position (a) shown in FIG. 5 to the retraction position (b) shown in FIG. A bit replacement drive gear 36 attached to the output shaft of the bit replacement motor 35 is disposed at a position where the bit 39 can be engaged.

The drive shaft egress / retreat jack 13 is turned.
Spoke 23 between excavation position (a) and retreat position (b)
This is an example of a retreating means for moving back and forth in the front-rear direction. The center member 22 includes a support shaft 25, a bearing body 26, a swing exchange passive bevel gear 27, a swing exchange intermediate gear 39, and a swing drive shaft 28. Spoke fixing means B
Is a turning drive shaft 2 which is also used as a cutter head turning drive means.
8 and a drive shaft evacuation / retraction jack 13, and the spoke rotating means C is further provided by a bit replacement motor 35, a bit replacement drive gear 36 , a bit replacement intermediate gear 39, a bit replacement intermediate bevel gear 38 and a bit replacement passive bevel gear 27. It is configured.

According to the above configuration, the cutter turning motor 11 is rotated to rotate the cutter head 21,
When the cutter bit 4A is worn out and the excavating ability is reduced due to an increase in excavating distance or a change in soil condition while the shield excavator is being excavated and the tunnel is being excavated, first, the turning of the cutter head 21 is stopped. . Then, the drive shaft extending / retreating jack 13 is contracted to retreat the turning spoke 23 from the excavation position (a) to the retreat position (b), and to engage the bit exchange intermediate gear 39 with the bit exchange drive gear 36 and to rotate the cutter. Turning drive gear 1 of motor 11
2 is disengaged from the revolving passive gear 10.

[0022] The next bi-by-bit replacement for the motor 35
Bit exchange intermediate gear 39 via the bit exchange drive gear 36
Are rotated, and furthermore, the turning spokes are turned via the bit changing intermediate bevel gear 38 and the bit changing passive bevel gear 27.
By rotating 180 degrees 23 to the spoke axis O ₂ about, it is possible to a new cutter bits 4B of the rear and at the same time moving the worn front of the cutter bit 4A to the rear surface side is opposed to the drilling surface.

Further, the drive shaft extension / retraction jack 13 is advanced to project the revolving spoke 23 together with the bearing body 26 from the retreat position (b) to the excavation position (a).
Is disengaged from the bit exchange drive gear 36, and the turning passive gear 10 is engaged with the turning drive gear 12 of the cutter turning motor 11. Thus, excavation can be continued with a new cutter bit 4B.

Thus, the replacement of the cutter bit 4A is
In this case, the turning spokes 23 are temporarily retracted backward from the excavation surface.
The drilling surface is difficult
Turbit 4A moves away from the excavation surface, thus
The rotation of the turning spokes 23 can be performed smoothly and reliably.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, when it is determined that the cutter bit is worn during excavation, the cutter head is stopped from rotating, and the cutter head is turned by the retracting means.
The spoke is retracted backward from the excavation surface. Then, release the spoke fixing means, rotate the revolving spoke around the spoke axis by the spoke rotating means, move the worn cutter bit from the front side to the rear side, and simultaneously rotate the new cutter bit to the front side, The turning spokes are fixed by fixing means. And means of leaving
The retracted swivel spokes against the excavation surface
Protrude forward.

As a result, a worn cutter bit can be easily and quickly replaced with a new cutter bit, and special construction for replacing the cutter bit and extension of the construction period are not required. Also, when replacing the cutter bit
Is to retract the swivel spokes back from the
The cutter bit moves backward from the excavation surface.
The rotation of the swivel spokes is smooth and reliable.
I can do it.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an excavation position showing an embodiment of a cutter head according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a retracted position of the cutter head.

FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of the cutter head.

FIG. 4 is a view as viewed in the direction of arrows AA shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a cutting position showing a configuration of a cutter head according to another embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a retracted position of the cutter head.

[Explanation of symbols]

O ₁ cutter head turning axis O ₂ spoke axis B spoke fixing means C spoke rotating means 1,21 cutter head 2,22 center member 3,23 turning spoke 4A, 4B cutter bit 5,25 support shaft 6 bearing member 7 bit Replacement passive gear 9 Fastening jig 11 Cutter drive motor 13 Drive shaft output jack 14 Spoke access jack 15,35 Bit replacement motor 16,36 Bit replacement drive gear 26 Bearing body 27 Bit replacement passive bevel gear 36 Bit replacement intermediate gear 38 bits Replacement intermediate bevel gear 39 bits Replacement intermediate gear (A) Excavation position (B) Retracted position

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] A plurality of turning spokes extending in a radial direction are provided on a center member rotatably disposed around a shield body axis at a front portion of the shield body, and these turning spokes are arranged along a spoke axis along a length direction. While being configured to be rotatable around, a plurality of cutter bits are fixed to a plurality of surfaces around the turning spoke at predetermined intervals in the length direction, respectively.
In the state where the cutter bit is located on the front side, a spoke fixing means capable of fixing the turning spoke to the center member is provided, and a spoke rotating means capable of rotating the turning spoke around the spoke axis is provided , and the turning spoke is excavated.
It is configured to be movable in the front-rear direction with respect to the
Providing withdrawal means to move the turning spokes back and forth
A cutter head for a shield machine.