JP4228503B2 - Excavation method and cutter for shield machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a drilling method and a cutter for a shield machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 5 shows an example of a conventional shield machine. A cutter 3 that rotates around the center of the shield device 1 via a bearing 2 is provided at the front portion of the shield device 1. The cutter 3 shown in FIG. 5 includes a plurality of spokes 4 extending radially on the front side, and a plurality of cutter blades 5 are fixed to the front surface of the spoke. Then, the cutter 3 is rotated via the gear 6 a by driving the cutter driving motor 6, and the cutting face 7 is excavated by the cutter blade 5 of the spoke 4.
[0003]
In the rear part inside the shield frame 8 of the shield device 1, the segments are assembled by a segment assembly device (not shown), and the shield device 1 is advanced by the propulsion jack 9 with the assembled segment as a foothold. It has become. In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a screw for discharging earth and sand.
[0004]
In the shield machine, in order to prevent the shield device 1 from rotating due to the reaction force caused by the rotational drive of the cutter 3, the cutter 3 can be arbitrarily rotated in the right direction and the left direction.
[0005]
Therefore, the cutter blade 5 fixed to the spoke 4 needs to be able to excavate the face regardless of whether the cutter is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise. For this reason, the conventional cutter blade 5 is shown in FIGS. As shown, a right rotation bit 5A and a left rotation bit 5B are separately provided on the front surface of the spoke 4. The right rotation bit 5A and the left rotation bit 5B protrude forward with respect to the spoke 4 at the same height as shown in FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a carbide tip provided at the tip of each cutter blade.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional apparatus has the following problems.
[0007]
That is, since the right rotation bit 5A and the left rotation bit 5B provided in the spoke 4 of the cutter 3 protrude forward from the spoke 4 at the same height, the cutter 3 is moved to the right as shown in FIG. When the face 7 is excavated by the right rotation bit 5 </ b> A after being rotated, the left rotation bit 5 </ b> B that has not been excavated is rotating in contact with the face 7. When the cutter 3 is rotated counterclockwise and the face 7 is excavated by the left rotation bit 5B, the right rotation bit 5A that is not excavated is rotating in contact with the face 7.
[0008]
Thus, in the conventional cutter 3, since the cutter blade that is not used for excavation of the face 7 is constantly rubbed against the face 7 depending on the rotation direction of the cutter 3, the carbide tip 11 of the cutter blade 5 is worn. However, there is a problem that the life of the cutter blade 5 is significantly shortened.
[0009]
Further, in the conventional normal cutter blade 5, the right rotation bit 5A and the left rotation bit 5B are separately configured and fixed to the spoke 4, so that the number of the cutter blades 5 is large and the shape is also large. Due to the complexity, the manufacturing cost has been increased. In addition, when the right rotation bit 5A and the left rotation bit 5B are separated as described above, the work for fixing the cutter blade 5 to the spoke 4 by welding increases, and the cost increases due to the increase in work time. Also had problems.
[0010]
The present invention has been made to solve such conventional problems, and provides a shield excavator excavation method and a cutter capable of extending the life of the cutter blade and facilitating the manufacture of the cutter blade. It is an object.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a method of excavating a face by excavating a face by rotating a cutter having a right rotation bit and a left rotation bit on the front surface of a spoke, the spoke being an axial center of the spoke The spoke is rotated so that the right rotation bit protrudes forward with respect to the left rotation bit when the cutter is rotated to the right, and left with respect to the right rotation bit when the cutter is rotated to the left. By rotating the spoke so that the rotating bit protrudes to the front side, the cutter blade on the non-excavation side is retracted from the face, and the rake angle of the cutter blade on the excavation side is adjusted according to the properties of the earth and sand. The present invention relates to a method for excavating a shield machine, which is characterized in that it is performed.
[0012]
The present invention relates to a shield machine cutter for excavating a face by rotating a cutter having a right rotation bit and a left rotation bit on the front surface of a spoke. The spoke can be rotated around the axis of the spoke so that it can be adjusted to the position where the right rotation bit is extended forward and the position where the left rotation bit is extended forward relative to the right rotation bit. And a rotary drive device capable of adjusting and fixing the rake angle of the bit extended to the front side to drive the rotation of the spoke and to the front side. .
[0013]
In the above-mentioned means, the cutter blade is a double-edged cutter blade that is integrally provided with a right-turning bit and a left-turning bit and has a flat surface on the front surface.
[0014]
The present invention operates as follows.
[0015]
Adjust to the position where the right rotation bit protrudes forward relative to the left rotation bit and the position where the left rotation bit protrudes forward relative to the right rotation bit by rotating the spoke. In addition, the spoke can be driven to rotate and the rotational position can be fixed. Therefore, the spoke is rotated according to the direction of rotation of the cutter, and the non-excavation side cutter blade is retracted from the face. Therefore, the life of the cutter blade can be greatly extended.
[0016]
At this time, the operation of rotating the spoke to switch the cutter blade to be used according to the rotation direction of the cutter may be performed in a small angle range of the spoke, and thus the apparatus for rotating the spoke has a simple configuration. be able to.
[0017]
Furthermore, by rotating the spokes, the rake angle of the cutter blade can be arbitrarily adjusted, and hence good excavation corresponding to the properties of the earth and sand can be easily performed.
[0018]
Furthermore, the cutter blade is a double-edged cutter blade in which a right rotation bit and a left rotation bit are integrally formed, and a flat surface is formed on the front surface, so that the shape of the cutter blade can be simplified and manufactured. This also makes it easy to reduce the man-hours for welding and fixing the cutter blade to the spoke.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0020]
FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment for carrying out the present invention. The same parts as those of the shield machine shown in FIG. Detailed description.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 1, each of the spokes 4 with the cutter blade 5 fixed to the front surface is supported by the cutter 3 by a bearing 12 so as to be rotatable about its axis. Furthermore, a fixed cylinder 13 is provided at the center of the cutter 3, and a spoke drive shaft 15 is disposed inside the fixed cylinder 13 via a bearing 14. Further, the center side end of the cutter 3 in each spoke 4 and the front end of the spoke drive shaft 15 are connected by a bevel gear 16 so that power can be transmitted. A worm wheel 17 is fixed to the rear end portion of the spoke drive shaft 15 and a spoke rotation worm 18 meshing with the worm wheel 17 is provided. The spoke 4, the spoke drive shaft 15, and the spoke rotation worm 18. Thus, the rotational drive device 19 is configured.
[0022]
The rotation driving device 19 can drive the rotation of the spoke 4 and can fix the rotation position of the spoke 4 by fixing the rotation of the spoke rotating worm 18. The spoke rotation worm 18 may be driven by a drive motor or the like, or the spoke rotation worm 18 may be manually rotated.
[0023]
In the cutter 3 shown in FIG. 1, the cutter blade 5 fixed to the spoke 4 is provided with a right rotation bit 5A and a left rotation bit 5B separately as shown in FIGS. It may be.
[0024]
On the other hand, in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cutter blade 5 fixed to the front surface of the spoke 4 is a double-edged cutter blade 20. The double-edged cutter blade 20 has a shape in which a right rotation bit 5A and a left rotation bit 5B are integrally formed, and a flat surface 21 is provided on the front surface.
[0025]
According to the rotation driving device 19, in the cutter blade 5 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 and the double-edged cutter blade 20 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the right rotation bit 5A is provided to the left rotation bit 5B. The rotation range of the spoke 4 can be rotated between the position extended to the front side and the position where the left rotation bit 5B is extended to the front side with respect to the right rotation bit 5A. For example, it can be in a range of about 30 to 60 °.
[0026]
In the rotary drive device 19 shown in FIG. 1, the rotational position of the spoke 4 can be fixed at an arbitrary position. For example, the spoke 4 can rotate between the solid line position and the broken line position shown in FIG. Thus, it may be possible to fix only at two points of the solid line position and the broken line position.
[0027]
The operation of the above embodiment will be described below.
[0028]
In the cutter 3 of FIG. 1, the operation when the spoke 4 is provided with the double-edged cutter blade 20 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 will be described. When the cutter 3 is rotated in the right direction, the rotary drive device 19 As shown by the solid line in FIG. 4, the spoke 4 is rotated to the left by the required angle, and the face 7 is excavated so that the right rotation bit 5A protrudes forward with respect to the left rotation bit 5B.
[0029]
At this time, since the left rotation bit 5B that is not excavated is retracted away from the face 7, the carbide tip 11 of the left rotation bit 5B is not worn.
[0030]
Further, when the cutter 3 is rotated in the left direction, the spoke 4 is rotated to the right by the required angle as shown by the broken line in FIG. 4 by the rotation driving device 19, and the left rotation bit 5A is rotated. The face 7 is excavated so that 5B protrudes forward.
[0031]
At this time, since the right rotating bit 5A that is not excavated is retracted away from the face 7, the carbide tip 11 of the right rotating bit 5A is not worn.
[0032]
As described above, the effect of extending the life of the cutter blade 5 by retracting the cutter blade on the non-excavation side from the cutting face 7 can be obtained even when the conventional cutter blade 5 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is provided. It can be demonstrated similarly.
[0033]
Furthermore, when the spoke 4 is rotated as described above, if the rotation angle of the spoke 4 is adjusted and fixed, the rake angle α with respect to the face 7 can be arbitrarily adjusted, and thus suitable for the properties of the earth and sand. Drilling can be performed.
[0034]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cutter blade 5 is a double-edged cutter blade 20 in which a right rotation bit 5A and a left rotation bit 5B are integrally formed, and a flat surface 21 is formed on the front surface. Then, the shape of the cutter blade 5 can be simplified. Accordingly, the cutter blade 5 can be easily manufactured, and the number of work steps for welding and fixing the cutter blade 5 to the spoke 4 can be reduced.
[0035]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Various types of rotary drive devices can be adopted, the shape of the cutter blade can be changed variously, and other aspects do not depart from the gist of the present invention. It goes without saying that various changes can be made within the range.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the spoke rotation causes the right rotation bit to protrude forward with respect to the left rotation bit, and the left rotation bit extends forward with respect to the right rotation bit. The spoke can be rotated and fixed, and the spoke can be rotated according to the rotation direction of the cutter so that the cutter blade on the non-excavation side is retracted from the face. In this state, excavation can be performed, so that the life of the cutter blade can be greatly extended.
[0037]
Further, by rotating the spokes, the rake angle of the cutter blade can be arbitrarily adjusted, so that there is an effect that good excavation corresponding to the properties of the earth and sand can be easily performed.
[0038]
Furthermore, the cutter blade is a double-edged cutter blade in which a right rotation bit and a left rotation bit are integrally formed, and a flat surface is formed on the front surface, so that the shape of the cutter blade can be simplified and manufactured. This also has the effect of reducing the number of work steps for welding and fixing the cutter blade to the spoke.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cut side view showing an example of an embodiment for carrying out the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a magnified view of the spoke in FIG. 1 in the II direction.
FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrows III-III in FIG. 2;
4 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the double-edged cutter blade of FIG. 3. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cut side view showing an example of a conventional shield machine.
6 is an enlarged view of the spoke in FIG. 5 in the VI direction.
7 is a view taken in the direction of arrows VII-VII in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the cutter blade of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 Cutter 4 Spoke 5 Cutter Blade 5A Right Rotating Bit 5B Left Rotating Bit 7 Face 19 Rotation Drive 20 Double-edged Cutter Blade 21 Flat Surface α Rake Angle

Claims (3)

  A shield excavator excavating a face by rotating a cutter equipped with a right rotation bit and a left rotation bit on the front of the spoke. The spoke is rotated about the axis of the spoke. Rotate the spoke so that the right rotation bit protrudes forward with respect to the left rotation bit when the cutter rotates to the right, and the left rotation bit with respect to the right rotation bit when the cutter rotates to the left By rotating the spoke so as to project forward, the cutter blade on the non-excavation side is withdrawn from the face and excavation is performed by adjusting the rake angle of the cutter blade on the excavation side according to the nature of the earth and sand. Excavation method of shield machine.   This is a cutter of a shield machine that excavates the face by rotating a cutter having a right rotation bit and a left rotation bit on the front of the spoke, and a right rotation bit with respect to the left rotation bit. The spoke is supported so as to be rotatable around the axis of the spoke so that the left rotation bit can be adjusted to the front position with respect to the right rotation bit. A cutter for a shield machine, comprising: a rotary driving device that drives rotation of the spokes and that can adjust and fix a rake angle of a bit extended forward.   3. The shield machine according to claim 2, wherein the cutter blade is a double-edged cutter blade that is integrally provided with a right-turning bit and a left-turning bit, and has a flat front surface. Cutter.

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