JPH09503888A - Edge-connectable metal package - Google Patents

Edge-connectable metal package

Info

Publication number
JPH09503888A
JPH09503888A JP7511803A JP51180394A JPH09503888A JP H09503888 A JPH09503888 A JP H09503888A JP 7511803 A JP7511803 A JP 7511803A JP 51180394 A JP51180394 A JP 51180394A JP H09503888 A JPH09503888 A JP H09503888A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
package
base member
metal
circuit
peripheral portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP7511803A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
アール. ホフマン,ポール
エム. ポップルウェル,ジェームズ
エス. ブラデン,ジェフリー
Original Assignee
オリン コーポレイション
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by オリン コーポレイション filed Critical オリン コーポレイション
Publication of JPH09503888A publication Critical patent/JPH09503888A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/50Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
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Abstract

(57)【要約】 縁部で接続可能な電子パッケージ(90)が提供される。このパッケージ(90)は、誘電体層で少なくとも一部が被覆された金属ベース(92)を有している。リードフレームまたは回路トレースの形態の接続手段(96)は、封入された半導体装置(94)に電気的に接続される。この接続手段(96)の対向端部は、パッケージの周部に延在してソケットに接続されるか、または外部リードに鑞付けされる。 (57) Summary An edge-connectable electronic package (90) is provided. The package (90) has a metal base (92) that is at least partially coated with a dielectric layer. Connection means (96) in the form of leadframes or circuit traces are electrically connected to the encapsulated semiconductor device (94). The opposite ends of the connecting means (96) extend around the periphery of the package and are connected to sockets or brazed to external leads.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 縁部接続可能な金属パッケージ 本発明は、複数の集積回路装置を収容するための金属パッケージ(metal pack ages)に関する。特に、本発明は、リードフレームに電気的に接続されかつパッ ケージベース(package base)に熱的に接続された回路を有する、接着剤で封止 された(adhesively sedled)金属パッケージに関する。 接着剤で封止された金属パッケージは、Hascoeに対する米国特許第41058 61号、Buttに対する第4461924号およびMahulikar et alに対する第4 939316号に記載されている。このパッケージ(packages)は金属製のベー ス(base)とカバー(cover)とを有する。リードフレームはベースとカバーと の間に配置され、双方に接着されている。リードフレームは、集積回路装置を接 合された中央配置のダイ取付パドル(die attach paddle)を備えることができ る。 クワドフラットパック(QFPs)等の成形プラスチックパッケージまたはセ ラミックデュアルインラインパッケージ(CERDIPs)等のセラミックパッ ケージを越える金属パッケージの1つの利点は、改善された熱伝導である。金属 パッケージは、装置の作動中に発生した熱を、プラスチックあるいはセラミック パッケージよりも、より効率的に除去する。改善された放熱は、金属部材の改善 された熱伝導と、このパッケージの全面に沿って側方に放熱するこの部材の能力 とによるものである。改善された放熱は、プラスチックあるいはセラミックパッ ケージよりも、より複雑で高パワーの集積回路装置を封入することを可能とする 。 集積回路装置が、より複雑になるため、外部回路および他の集積回路装置との より多くの電気接続が必要となる。この装置を外部回路に電気的に接続するリー ドフレームは、通常、約0.13mm〜約0.51mm(5〜20ミル)の厚さ を有する銅をベースとした合金から製造される。スタンピング(stamping)およ びエッチングの制約により、各リードの最小幅およびリード間の間隔は、リード フレームの厚さにほぼ等しい。これにより、集積回路装置にアプローチ可能なリ ードの数が制限される。 他の制限はリード長(lead length)である。集積回路装置がよりパワフルと なり、より高速で作用するため、電気信号が1つの装置から次の装置に送られる 時間が電子装置(例えば、コンピュータ)の速度を制限する。信号装置が各電子 パッケージ内に封入されているときは、電子信号はこの装置からボンディングワ イヤ(bond wire)を通り、リードフレームを通り、プリント基板上の回路トレ ース(circuit trace)を通り、第2のリードフレームを通り、そして、第2の ボンディングワイヤを通って、第2の別個に収容された装置に送られなければな らない。 集積回路装置に対する接続密度を増大し、電気信号が装置から装置に送られる のに要する時間を減少する1つの方法は、ハイブリッド回路である。ハイブリッ ド回路は、誘電体基板に形成された導電性の回路トレース(circuit traces)を 有する。個々の集積回路装置は、複数の装置の全てを単一の基板上に配置できる ように、回路トレースに電気的に接続される。ハイブリッド回路は、一般にマル チチップモジュールと称される金属、プラスチックあるいはセラミックパッケー ジ内に封入することができる。マルチチップモジュールの例およびその発達の説 明が、「Circuits Meet the Challenge of Size,Power and Flexibility」と題 するHodsonの論文が、1991年10月発行の「ELECTRONIC PACKAGING AND PRO DUCTION」に記載されている。 マルチチップモジュールは、集積回路装置の密度の増大の問題に注目する。し かし、典型的にはシリコンまたはアルミナである誘電体基板は、マルチチップモ ジュールからの熱伝導に対して理想的なものではない。窒化アルミニウムが代わ りに提案されており、より良好な伝熱をなすものの、この材料は、脆く、加工が 困難である。 出願人は、低コストで、高い熱伝導性のマルチチップモジュールは、金属基板 を用いることにより形成可能であると定めた。銅、アルミニウムあるいはその合 金が好ましい金属は、通常のシリコンおよびアルミナの基板よりも良好な熱伝導 性を有し、更に、回路を収容するために用いられることの多いコバール(Kovar )よりも熱伝導性がよい。 したがって、本発明の目的は、高い熱伝導性を有するマルチチップモジュール を提供することである。本発明の特徴は、剛性または可撓性で、単層または多層 の回路が、無機誘電体層を間に配置した状態で、金属基板に接着されることにあ る。複数の集積回路装置がこの回路またはこの回路の周部の回りに配置されたリ ードフレームに電気的に接続される。本発明の更に他の特徴は、金属基板と無機 誘電体層と回路トレースと中間ダイ取付パドル(intervening die attach paddl e)とのいずれか1つに装置を取り付けることができる。 本発明の利点は、マルチチップモジュールが高い放熱能力を有することである 。本発明の他の利点は、無機誘電体層が、集積回路装置と接着された回路とリー ドフレームとを、マルチチップモジュールの金属パッケージ部材から電気的に絶 縁することである。 本発明によると、複数の半導体装置を電気的に接続するリードフレーム組立体 が提供される。この組立体は、インナリード端部が中央領域とハイブリッド回路 とを限定するリードフレームを備える。このハイブリッド回路は、回路トレース を支える誘電体基板から形成される。ハイブリッド回路は回路トレースの少なく とも一部をリードフレームのインナリード端部に電気的に接続する第1手段と、 複数の個々の半導体装置を支える第2手段とを包含する。 本発明の第2実施例では、リードフレーム組立体は、金属パッケージ部材内に 封入され、あるいは、プラスチック成形樹脂内に封入される。 上述および他の目的、特徴および利点ならびにその他は、以下の説明および図 面からより明瞭になる。 第1図は、従来技術による接着剤で封止された金属パッケージを断面図で示す 。 第2図は、従来技術による、中央に配置されたダイ取付パドルに接合された集 積回路装置の平面図を示す。 第3図は、本発明の第1実施例によるダイ取付パドル上に装着されかつリード フレームに電気的に接続されたハイブリッド回路の平面図を示す。 第4図は、中央に配置されたダイ取付パドルを有するマルチチップモジュール を断面図で示す。 第5図は、本発明の第2実施例による、金属パッケージ部材上に装着されたハ イブリッド回路を断面図で示す。 第6図は、本発明の第3実施例による、金属パッケージ部材上に装着されかつ 多層回路を有するハイブリッド回路を断面図で示す。 第7図は、本発明の第4実施例による、リードフレームが金属パッケージ部材 に接着されたマルチチップモジュールを断面図で示す。 第8図は、接着剤でシールされた金属パッケージに封入されたハイブリッド回 路を断面図で示す。 第9図は、本発明の実施例による、縁部をソケット接続可能な金属製電子パッ ケージを断面図で示す。 第10図は、第9図の縁部をソケット接続可能なパッケージ(edge socketabl e package)の平面図を示す。 第11図は、縁部をソケット接続可能な第9図のパッケージ内に封入されたマ ルチチップモジュールを平面図で示す。 第12図は、本発明の実施例による、パッケージベースに接合された回路トレ ースを有する接着剤でシールされた金属パッケージを断面図で示す。 第13図は、第12図の回路トレースを用いる縁部をソケット接続可能なパッ ケージを断面図で示す。 第14図は、第12図の回路トレースを用いる側部をろう付けされたパッケー ジを断面図で示す。 以下の定義は本願について当てはまり: ハイブリッド回路は、単一のパッケージ内で複数の異なる部材を組み合わせた 回路をいう。典型的には、ハイブリッド回路は、誘電体基板上に支えられた回路 トレース(circuit traces)と、複数の別個の半導体装置とを備える。 マルチチップモジュールは、1またはそれ以上のハイブリッド回路を収容する 電子パッケージをいう。 第1図は、接着剤でシールされた金属パッケージ10を断面で示す。このパッ ケージ10は、金属製ベース部材12と、カバー部材14とを有する。リードフ レーム16が、金属製ベース部材12とカバー部材14との間に配置され、ポリ マー接着剤18により、双方に接着される。 ダイ取付パドル20は、一般的にはリードフレームと同じ金属から形成され、 熱伝導性のパッド取付接着剤22により、金属製ベース部材12に接合される。 典型的にはシリコンをベースとした半導体集積回路である集積回路装置24が、 低溶融温度のはんだまたはポリマー接着剤でもよいダイ取付接着剤26により、 ダイ取付パドル20に接合される。小径のボンディングワイヤ28は、リードフ レーム16を半導体装置24に電気的に接続する。 米国特許第4939316号の電子パッケージは、金属製ベース部材12とカ バー部材14との双方が、アルミニウムまたはアルミニウムをベースとした合金 で形成されている。パッケージ部材の面30の少なくとも一部は、耐蝕および電 気絶縁双方の作用をなす陽極酸化層(anodization layer)で被覆されている。 金属製ベース部材12の内側の面32が陽極処理されているか否かにしたがって 、半導体装置24は、金属製ベース部材12に電気的に接続されるかあるいはこ れから電気的に絶縁される。 第2図は、従来技術で知られているダイ取付パドル20上に半導体装置24を 配置する平面図を示す。ダイ取付パドル20は、リードフレームのインナリード チップ(inner lead tips)34により限定される中央領域内に配置される。イ ンナリードチップ34は、四角形状構造の場合と同様に4方向の全てから、2つ の側部から(デュアルインライン構造)、または、単一の側部から(シングルイ ンライン構造)、半導体装置24に近接することができる。小径のボンディング ワイヤ28が、半導体装置24をリードフレームのインナリード端部34に電気 的に接続する。これらのボンディングワイヤ28は、一般に小径であり、典型的 には、0.025mm(1ミル)のオーダーの銅、アルミニウム、金またはこれ らの合金のワイヤであり、リードフレームのインナリード端部34および半導体 装置24の電気的作用面上の金属被覆された即ちメタライズされた(metallized) 入力/出力パッドに超音波併用熱圧着(thermosonically bonded)により接合さ れる。これに代え、テープボンディング(tape automated bonding;TAB)で用い られているように銅箔の薄いストリップが、半導体装置24とインナリード端部 28との間の接続部を形成することもできる。 上述のスタンピングおよびエッチングの制約により、制限された数のインナリ ード端部34が半導体装置24に近接することができる。インナリード端部34 を半導体装置24から遠くに離隔させることで、追加リードの封入を可能とする 。しかし、これは望ましい解決手段ではない。ボンディングワイヤの長さが増大 すると、装置の作動速度が低下する。ボンディングワイヤが長くなると、たれを 生じ、これは回路を電気的に短絡する可能性がある。これらの問題は、本願発明 の第1実施例により解決され、これについては、第3図の平面図に示されている 。 第3図はハイブリッド回路42の電気接続のためのリードフレーム組立体40 を示している。このハイブリッド回路42は複数の回路トレース46を支える誘 電体基板44を備えている。この誘電体基板44は有機または無機の好適な絶縁 材料から形成することができ、剛性または可撓性を有してもよい。一般的に、半 導体装置24a,24b,24c,24dが、この半導体装置24a,24b,24d で示しているように、誘電体基板44上に装着される場合、0.025〜0.0 76mm(1〜3ミル)の程度の比較的薄い誘電体基板が、半導体装置からの伝 熱を容易にするために、好ましい。半導体装置24cが、誘電体基板44を通っ て形成された孔48内で、パッケージベース(図示せず)またはダイ取付パドル 20に直接に装着される場合、誘電体基板の厚さはそれほど重要でなくなる。同 様に、誘電体基板44が窒化アルミニウムまたは炭化ケイ素のような優れた熱伝 導性を有する絶縁材料から形成される場合、基板の厚さはそれほど重要ではない 。 誘電体基板の典型的な材料は、アルミナ(Al23)、窒化アルミニウム(A lN)および炭化ケイ素(SiC)のようなセラミックスを含んでいる。この誘 電体基板は、充填済または未充填(either tilled or unfilled)の、ポリイミ ドまたはエポキシのような有機材料であってもよい。他の基板材料は、優れた熱 伝導性と、シルコンをベースとした半導体装置24の熱膨脹係数に正確に整合す る熱膨脹係数とを有するシリコンを含んでいる。 複数の回路トレース46が、通常の手段で誘電体基板44上に形成されている 。セラミックおよびシリコンのような、高温に耐えることができる材料の場合、 スクリーン印刷または直接描画のような方法で、所望のパターンを金属ペースト から形成することができる。この金属ペーストはその後、焼成されて、有機バイ ン ダーを除去し、金属被覆された即ちメタライズされた(metallized)回路パター ンを形成する。誘電体基板44がポリイミドのような、有機材料をベースとして いるときに、化学めっきまたは金属箔の薄層の積層により、金属フィルムを付着 することができる。ホトリソグラフィー(photolithography)のような選択的エ ッチングは上述の回路パターンを形成する。 回路トレース46は、半導体装置24a,24bを電気的に接続することができ る。他の回路トレース46´は、集積回路装置24aを取付けるための金属被覆 パッド即ちメタライゼーションパッド(metallization pad)を形成することが できる。第1手段が、回路トレースをリードフレームのインナリード端部34に 電気的に接続するために、設けられている。好適な第1手段は、リードフレーム のインナリード端部34と半導体装置24bとの間に延びるボンデイングワイヤ の長さを短くするために、メタライズされた介挿パッド(interposer pad)46 ´´を含んでいる。 回路トレースは、半導体装置24dに接合された金属箔47をTABフォーマ ットに形成することができ、または集積回路装置上の入力/出力サイトに直接は んだ付け(“フリップチップボンデイング”)するための一連の個別のボンデイ ングサイト(bonding sites)を形成することができる。 回路トレースは、電気的に接続するための他の第1手段、すなわち、インナリ ード端部34に直接ボンデイングするための延長部50を形成することもできる 。取付けは、超音波併用熱圧着(thermosonic bonding)、熱圧着(thermal com pression bonding)および導電性接着剤のような好適な電導性手段で行うことが できる。金錫および鉛錫合金のような低溶融はんだが好ましい。 接着剤でシールされた金属パッケージの金属ベース部材12へのリードフレー ム組立体40の取付状態の横断面が第4図に示されている。第4図はハイブリッ ド回路42により、ダイ取付パドル20に接合された2つの半導体装置24a, 24cを示している。半導体装置24aは、メタライズされた回路トレース46´ のボンデイングパッドに直接接合される。第3図により明瞭に示すように、メタ ライズされたボンデイングパッド46´は、半導体装置24aの裏側をリードフ レームまたは他の半導体装置に電気的に接続可能である。 第4図に戻ると、半導体装置24cは、ハイブリッド回路42の孔48を挿通 し、ダイ取付パドル20に直接接合することができる。ハイブリッド回路42ま たはダイ取付パドル20への半導体装置24a,24cの取付けは、エポキシまた は低溶融温度はんだのような通常の手段で行うことができる。半導体装置の裏側 とボンデイングサイトとの間の電気接続が望まれる場合、金錫共融混合物ような 金属はんだまたは鉛錫組成物を使用することができる。その代わりに、銀充填エ ポキシのような導電性接着剤が使用可能である。 第3図に示すように、集積回路装置24dが誘電体基板44に直接接合される 場合、好適なダイ取付材料はポリマー接着剤を含み、誘電体基板44がセラミッ クまたはシリコンのような高温基板である場合、封止ガラスが使用可能である。 さらに、基板と合金化される金属、たとえば、シリコン基板の場合、金が使用可 能である。 第4図に戻ると、ハイブリッド回路42を外部リードフレームに接続する2つ の方法が示されている。小径のボンデイングワイヤ28は、インナリード端部3 4をボンデイングパッド46´´に電気接続し、このボンデイングパッドは第2 ボンデイングワイヤ28´を介して半導体装置24cに電気接続される。この介 挿回路構造体は、リードフレームを半導体装置24cに接続するために必要なボ ンデイングワイヤの長さを減少する。 その代わりに、箔延長部50が、回路金属被覆即ち回路メタライゼーション( circuit metallization)46から延在して、インナリード端部34に直接接続 することができる。箔延長部50とインナリード端部34との間のボンド(bond) 52は、箔延長部とインナリード端部との間の電導性を保持する、たとえば、導 電性接着剤、はんだまたは熱圧着または超音波併用熱圧着のような好適な手段で 行うことができる。金−錫または鉛−錫合金のような低溶融温度はんだが最も好 ましい。 その後、リードフレーム組立体40が、パッド取付接着剤22で、金属ベース 部材12に接合される。パッド取付接着剤22は、はんだまたはエポキシのよう な好適な金属またはポリマー接着剤であってもよい。ポリマー接着剤が使用され る場合、熱伝導を改善するために、接着剤の熱伝導性を増大することが望ましい 。 パッド取付接着剤22は、銀、黒鉛またはアルミナのような熱伝導性材料が充填 された熱硬化性エポキシであってもよい。この実施例の1の特に有利な点が、ダ イ取付パドル20への半導体装置24cの直接接合で示されている。ハイブリッ ド回路42の全ての利点が得られるが、半導体装置24cは金属ダイ取付パドル 20に直接接触する。半導体装置により発生した熱は、熱伝導性ダイ取付パドル 20に達するにいたるまで、熱絶縁性の誘電体基板を貫通しない。 本発明の第2実施例の横断面が第5図に示されている。ハイブリッド回路42 は、たとえば、接着剤54で、金属ベース部材12に直接接合される。誘電体基 板44は回路トレース46と金属ベース部材12との間を電気絶縁するが、金属 ベース部材とハイブリッド回路42との間に無機誘電体層を形成するのが望まし い。金属基板がアルミニウムまたはアルミニウムをベースとした合金であるとき に、無機誘電体層は、3XXXシリーズのアルミニウム合金(1.5重量%以下 のマンガンを含むアルミニウム)の場合に完全な黒色(integral black color)を 呈する、硫酸と5−スルホサリチル酸(sulfosalicylic acid)を含む溶液でのア ノード浸漬(anodic immersion)のような、好適な陽極酸化プロセスで形成された 陽極酸化されたアルミニウムの層を形成することができる。 金属ベース部材12が銅または銅をベースとした合金である場合、無機誘電体 層56は、第2材料で被覆しかつこの第2材料から無機誘電体層を形成すること により、または絶縁層を直接接合することにより、元の場(in situ)に形成され た薄い耐火材酸化物層(refractory oxide)を形成することができる。この“in s itu”プロセスは、銅をベースとした合金の成分から直接、無機誘電体層56を 形成する工程を含んでいる。好ましい銅合金は約2重量%から約12重量%のア ルミニウムを含んでいる。1つの特に好ましい合金は、2.5〜3.1%のアル ミニウムと1.5〜2.1%のシリコンと残部の銅を含む銅合金C6281であ る。この銅をベースとした合金は、低含有量の酸素を有するガス中で加熱するこ とにより酸化される。1つの好ましいガスは、4%の水素と96%の窒素とガス 中に混合された微量の水から分解された微量の酸素である。 銅をベースとした合金が無機誘電体層56の「in situ」形成に適していない 場合、銅をベースとした合金は、米国特許第4862323号に開示されている ように、耐火材酸化物を形成可能な金属または合金でクラッド可能である。その 代わりに、Crane et alに対する米国特許第4888449号に開示されている ように、銅をベースとした基板は、ニッケルのような第2金属で被覆することが でき、この被覆層上に耐火材酸化物が形成される。他の好適な技術が、Dotzer e t alに対する米国特許第4495378号に開示されている。鉄または銅基板は 銅または銀の金属フラッシュ(metallic flash)で被覆される。その後、アルミニ ウムが、このフラッシュ上に電解付着されかつ陽極酸化されて、無機誘電体層を 形成する。 無機誘電体層56を金属ベース部材12上に形成する更に他の方法が、Nakani shi et alに対する米国特許第4611745号に開示されている。窒化アルミ ニウム基板は、銀と、チタン、ジルコニウムおよびハフニウムからなる群から選 択された反応性金属とを含む鑞付け材料を使用して銅層にはんだ付けされる。 無機誘電体層56を形成する方法が何であっても、この層の形成は選択的なも のであることが好ましく、たとえば、陽極酸化のような電解プロセスが使用され る場合、プレーターテープ(plater´s tape)で、選択された領域をマスクして この領域に層が形成されるのを防止する。選択的付着により、半導体装置24e を金属ベース部材12に直接接合して、電子装置からの熱伝導を最大にすること ができる。その代わりに、半導体装置24fを無機誘電体層に接合することがで きる。実施例24eと24fとの間の選択は、金属ベース部材12からの電気絶縁 が望まれているかどうかに依る。 前述の実施例の場合と同様に、半導体装置24dは、回路トレース46から形 成されたメタライゼーションパッド46´に接合可能である。 第6図は本発明の第3実施例の横断面を示している。この実施例において、ハ イブリッド回路は、複数の金属層と金属層を分離する少なくとも1の誘電体層と を有する多層ハイブリッド回路58を備えている。回路トレース46は第1金属 層60および第2金属層62上に形成することができる。その代わりに、金属層 の1は、グランドプレーン(ground plane)またはパワープレーン(power plan e)として使用される固体シートを備えることができる。当該技術分野で知 られている手段、たとえば、非導電性ビアの壁部にカーボンブラックの分散を付 着し、その後、Minten et alに対する米国特許第4619741号に開示されて いるように、銅のような導電性材料を電解または化学めっきして形成された電導 性ビア64が使用可能である。電導性ビア(conductive vias)64は、第2金 属層を半導体装置24bの面上の入力/出力サイト(input/output sites)に電 気接続可能とする。半導体装置は、金属層のいずれか、中間誘電体層64、無機 誘電体層56に対するダイ取付パドル(図示せず)または金属ベース部材12に 接合可能である。 第6図は2つの金属層と単一の誘電体層を備える多層ハイブリッド回路58を 示しているが、金属層と中間誘電体層との数は任意とすることができる。さらに 、第6図は、多層ハイブリッド回路58が、金属ベース部材12の面上に形成さ れた無機誘電体層56に直接接合される実施例を示しているが、ダイ取付パドル を、多層ハイブリッド回路と金属ベース部材との間に配置することも本発明の範 囲内である。 第7図は本発明の第4実施例の横断面を示している。金属ベース部材12は少 なくとも1の面上に形成された無機誘電体層56を有している。熱硬化性ポリマ ー、熱可塑性ポリマーまたは封止ガラスのような熱伝導性を有しかつ電気絶縁性 を有するパッド取付接着剤22は、リードフレームのインナリード端部34と複 数のダイ取付パドル20との双方を金属ベース部材に接合する。ボンデイングワ イヤ28は、半導体装置24をリードフレームと、このリードフレームから電気 絶縁された内側のリードフィンガー(lead fingers)または金属製ラン(run) を形成することができる金属回路ラン66とに電気的に接続する。半導体装置2 4はダイ取付接着剤26でダイ取付パドル20に接合される。ダイ取付パドルは その後、熱伝導性パッド取付接着剤22で無機誘電体層に接着される。 第3図から第7図に示されているリードフレーム組立体は、プラスチック、セ ラミックまたは金属のような好適な電子パッケージ内に封入可能である。第8図 は、多層ハイブリッド回路が金属電子パッケージ内に封入されている好ましい実 施例の横断面を示している。第8図に示されている全ての素子はハイブリッド回 路58の構造をより良く示すために一定した縮尺で表示されていない。その結果 、 ある素子、特に半導体装置24は図中、大きさが変えられている。 パッケージは、アルミニウムをベースとした合金のような熱伝導性材料から形 成された金属ベース部材12を有している。フィン72を、放熱を増大するため に、金属ベース部材12に形成することができる。第1金属層60と第2金属層 62と中間誘電体層64とを有する多層ハイブリッド回路58は、接着剤54で ダイ取付パドル20に接合される。熱伝導性パッド取付接着剤22は多層ハイブ リッド回路とダイ取付パドル20とを金属ベース部材12に接合する。ベース部 材12の面30は、電気絶縁と耐蝕性を改善するために、無機誘電体層で被覆す るのが好ましい。第1金属層60は、リードフレーム16のインナリード端部3 4に直接接合するために、片持ち状の箔延長部50を含んでいる。複数の半導体 装置24はダイ取付パドル20に接合される。ボンデイングワイヤ28は半導体 装置24を第1金属層に形成された回路トレースに電気的に接続する。第2金属 層への電気接続も電導性ビア(conductive vias)(図示せず)を使用して行う ことができる。 カバー部材14と金属ベース部材12とは、ポリマー接着剤18でリードフレ ーム16に接合される。ポリマー接着剤18が熱硬化性エポキシまたは硬化させ るために熱を必要とするその他の接着剤である場合、パッケージキャビテイ74 内の空気が加熱中に膨脹する。キャビテイの容積の変化がポリマー接着剤18に 圧力を形成しかつ不十分なシールが生じるのを防止するために、通気孔76がカ バー部材14に形成されるのが好ましい。通気孔76はその後、たとえば、小さ な金属スラグを接着剤でシールしてマルチチップモジュール70を完成すること により、シールされる。 第8図は、リードフレーム組立体が金属パッケージ内に封入される実施例を示 しているが、成型されたプラスチックパッケージ、セラミックパッケージまたは ガラスでシールされた金属パッケージ内に上述のリードフレーム組立体を封入す ることは本発明の範囲内である。 第9図は、本発明の他の実施例の横断面を示している。電子パッケージ90は 、外部ソケット(external socket)に電気接触するために縁部で接続可能であ る。パッケージ90は、金属、金属合金または金属化合物のような熱伝導性材料 から 形成されるベース部材92を有している。銅とアルミニウムをベースとした材料 は優れた熱伝導性の点から好ましい。封入されたシリコンをベースとした半導体 装置94の熱膨脹係数の近接した整合が必要な場合、ベース部材92は鉄−ニッ ケル合金から形成可能である。 リードフレーム96が、第1誘電体シーラント(sealant)98でベース部材 92に接合される。第1誘電体シーラントは、熱硬化性または熱可塑性のポリマ ー樹脂または封止ガラスのような好適な接着材料である。誘電体シーラント98 は熱硬化性エポキシ樹脂であるのが好ましい。リードフレーム96は銅または銅 をベースとした合金のような好適な電導性材料である。 ポリマー、セラミックまたは金属のような好適な材料から形成可能なカバー部 材100は第2誘電体シーラント102でリードフレーム96に接合される。組 立てを容易にするために、第2誘電体シーラント102は、同じ熱的分布(therm al profile)が双方のシーラントを硬化するように、第1誘電体シーラント98 と同じ材料から形成されるのが好ましい。カバー部材100は、熱膨脹係数の不 整合によるパッケージの屈曲を防止するために、ベース部材92のものに近接し た熱膨脹係数を有する材料から形成されるのが好ましい。一般的に、カバー部材 100はベース部材92と同じ材料から形成される。 リードフレーム96のリードの外側部分104は、カバー部材100の周部を 越えて延在し、ベース部材92で支えられる。外側部分104はベース部材92 の周部で終端するのが好ましい。第1誘電体シーラント98は外側部分104を 金属ベース部材92から電気絶縁する。電気絶縁を改善するために、ベース部材 92は誘電体層で被覆される。ベース部材92とリードフレーム96と第1誘電 体シーラント98との厚さを変えることにより、縁部で接続可能な部分106は 所望の厚さとすることができる。プリントワイヤリングボードソケットの典型的 な厚さは約1.1ミリメートルである。 第10図は第9図の電子パッケージの平面図を示している。外側部分104は 明確化のために陰影が付されている。縁部での接続を容易とすることに加えて、 この構造の利点は、リードがベース部材92に強固に接着されるために、外部リ ードの損傷、湾曲または歪みが発生する可能性がほとんどないということを含ん でいる。リードは第10図に示すように、パッケージの全ての4側部から延在し ているが、リードが1、2、または3つの側部から延在することも本発明の範囲 内である。 第11図はハイブリッド回路112を収容する電子パッケージ110の平面図 を示し、このハイブリッド回路は当該技術分野で知られているものまたは上述の ハイブリッド回路のいずれかとすることができる。回路トレース114とこの回 路トレースを電気部材118に電気的に接続する手段116は上述されている。 回路トレース114はリードフレームの内側部分に電気的に接続され、リードフ レームの外側部分104はパッケージカバー100を越えて延在してソケット( socket)に電気接続される。 第12図は本発明の他の実施例による、接着剤でシールされた電子パッケージ 120の横断面を示している。この実施例において、好適な金属、金属合金また は金属化合物とすることができるベース部材122は誘電体層124で少なくと も部分的に被覆される。ベース部材122はアルミニウムをベースとした材料で 、誘電体層124は陽極酸化層であるのが好ましい。回路トレース126は、ス クリーン印刷、イオンまたはプラズマ付着または直接描画のような好適な方法で 誘電体層124上に直接付着される。回路トレースは、焼成またはその他の硬化 処理後に誘電体層124に接着する導電性材料である。好適な材料は、銅、タン グステン、パラジウム/ニッケル合金およびクロム/銅/クロム/積層構造体の ような金属被覆即ちメタライゼーション(metallizations)を含んでいる。銀を 充填したエポキシのような導電性ポリマーも使用することができる。 他の群の好適な材料は、一般的に、比較的低融点金属または金属合金粉末と、 比較的高融点金属粉末と、フラックスとの混合物である。典型的に、高融点金属 粉末は銅粉末である。しかし、銀、金、パラジウムおよびニッケルのような他の 金属または合金およびその合金が使用可能である。低溶融温度粉末は錫、ビスマ ス、鉛、ガリウム、インジウムまたはその他の金属または高融点粉末部材より低 い融点を有する金属合金であってもよい。焼成中、フラックスは除去され、金属 粉末が拡散し、比較的溶融温度が高い金属間合金を形成する。このタイプの電導 性インクは、カリフォルニア、カールスバッドのToranaga Technologies,Inc. から入手可能である。 1つまたはそれ以上の集積回路装置128またはその他の電気部品が、ワイヤ ボンデイング、TAB取付またはフリップチップボンデイングのような好適な手 段130で回路トレース126に電気的に接続される。回路トレース126は、 ワイヤボンデイング、TAB取付または直接はんだ付けのような好適な手段でリ ードフレーム132に電気的に接続される。熱硬化性ポリマー樹脂、熱可塑性ポ リマー樹脂または封止ガラスは、リードフレーム132をベース部品122に接 合する。カバー部材136は好適な手段、好ましくは同じ第1誘電体シーラント 134で、リードフレームの対向側に接合される。 第13図を参照すると、回路トレース126はベース部品122の周部に延び て、上述のように、縁部でソケット接続可能なパッケージを形成することができ る。 第14図は本発明の他の実施例による電子パッケージの横断面を示している。 このパッケージのほとんどの素子は、第12図および第13図のものと同じであ るが、回路トレース126はベース部材122およびカバー部材136の周部で 終端する。鉛錫合金または金錫合金のような好適なはんだ142が、たとえば、 はんだデイッピングまたはスクリーン印刷で、回路トレース126の縁部に付着 される。リードフレーム144が、はんだ142に接触しかつはんだに接合され 、側部鑞付けパッケージを形成する。 本発明により、前述の目的、手段および利点を十分に満たすハイブリッド回路 が提供されることは明白である。特定の実施例との組合わせで本発明について説 明したが、多くの代替え、修正および変更が上記説明に鑑み、当業者に明らかで あることは明白である。したがって、請求の範囲の精神および幅広い範囲内にお いて、この全ての代替え、修正および変更を行うことが予定されている。Detailed Description of the Invention                       Edge-connectable metal package   The present invention is directed to a metal package for housing a plurality of integrated circuit devices. ages). In particular, the present invention is electrically connected to the lead frame and Adhesive-sealed with the circuit thermally connected to the package base A metal package adhesively sedled.   An adhesive encapsulated metal package is described in US Pat. No. 41058 to Hascoe. 61, 4461924 to Butt and 4 to Mahulikar et al. No. 939316. This package is a metal ba It has a base and a cover. The lead frame has a base and a cover Placed between and glued to both sides. Connect the integrated circuit device to the lead frame. Can be equipped with an integrated centrally located die attach paddle You.   Molded plastic packages such as quad flat packs (QFPs) or Ceramic packages such as Lamic dual in-line packages (CERDIPs) One advantage of metal packages over cages is improved heat transfer. metal The package stores the heat generated during operation of the device in plastic or ceramic. Remove more efficiently than packaging. Improved heat dissipation is an improvement of metal parts The ability of this member to dissipate heat and radiate laterally along the entire surface of this package. It is due to. Improved heat dissipation can be achieved with plastic or ceramic Allows encapsulation of more complex and higher power integrated circuit devices than cages .   Since the integrated circuit device becomes more complicated, it is possible to combine the external circuit and other integrated circuit devices with each other. More electrical connections are needed. The lead that electrically connects this device to an external circuit. Drive frames are typically about 0.13 mm to about 0.51 mm (5 to 20 mils) thick Manufactured from a copper-based alloy having Stamping and The minimum width of each lead and the spacing between It is almost equal to the thickness of the frame. This makes it possible to approach integrated circuit devices. The number of cards is limited.   Another limitation is the lead length. Integrated circuit devices are more powerful Electrical signals are sent from one device to the next because they operate faster Time limits the speed of electronic devices (eg, computers). Signal device is each electronic When encapsulated in a package, electronic signals are sent from this device to the bonding wire. The circuit trace on the printed circuit board goes through the ear (bond wire) and the lead frame. Through the circuit trace, the second lead frame, and the second Must be routed through a bonding wire to a second separately housed device No.   Increases connection density to integrated circuit devices and allows electrical signals to be routed from device to device One way to reduce the time it takes is a hybrid circuit. Hybrid The conductive circuit includes conductive circuit traces formed on the dielectric substrate. Have. Individual integrated circuit devices, all of which can be placed on a single substrate So that it is electrically connected to the circuit traces. Hybrid circuits are generally A metal, plastic or ceramic package called a chip module It can be enclosed in Examples of multichip modules and the theory of their development Akira entitled "Circuits Meet the Challenge of Size, Power and Flexibility" Hodson's paper is "ELECTRONIC PACKAGING AND PRO" published in October 1991. DUCTION ”.   Multichip modules address the problem of increased density of integrated circuit devices. I However, a dielectric substrate, typically silicon or alumina, is a multichip module. Not ideal for heat transfer from joules. Aluminum nitride replaced Although it has been proposed in the past and has a better heat transfer, this material is brittle and processable. Have difficulty.   Applicants have found that low cost, high thermal conductivity multichip modules It was defined that it can be formed by using. Copper, aluminum or a combination of Gold preferred metals have better thermal conductivity than regular silicon and alumina substrates. And is often used to house circuits (Kovar Better thermal conductivity than.   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-chip module having high thermal conductivity. Is to provide. A feature of the invention is that it is rigid or flexible, single layer or multi-layer. The circuit in Fig. 1 is to be adhered to the metal substrate with the inorganic dielectric layer placed between them. You. A plurality of integrated circuit devices arranged around this circuit or the perimeter of this circuit. Electrically connected to the lead frame. Still another feature of the present invention is that a metal substrate and an inorganic material are used. Dielectric layers, circuit traces and intervening die attach paddles The device can be attached to any one of e).   An advantage of the present invention is that the multi-chip module has high heat dissipation capability . Another advantage of the present invention is that the inorganic dielectric layer is a circuit and lead bonded to an integrated circuit device. The electrical frame is electrically isolated from the metal package parts of the multi-chip module. To be related.   According to the present invention, a lead frame assembly for electrically connecting a plurality of semiconductor devices Is provided. This assembly consists of an inner lead end with a central area and a hybrid circuit. And a lead frame for limiting This hybrid circuit has a circuit trace Is formed from a dielectric substrate that supports. Hybrid circuits have less circuit traces And a first means for electrically connecting a part thereof to the inner lead end portion of the lead frame, Second means for supporting a plurality of individual semiconductor devices.   In a second embodiment of the present invention, the lead frame assembly is mounted in a metal package member. Encapsulated or encapsulated in plastic molding resin.   The above and other objects, features and advantages and others are in the following description and figures. It becomes clearer from the aspect.   FIG. 1 shows in cross-section a metal package sealed with an adhesive according to the prior art. .   FIG. 2 shows a prior art assembly bonded to a centrally located die attach paddle. The top view of a product circuit device is shown.   FIG. 3 is a view showing a lead mounted on a die mounting paddle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a hybrid circuit electrically connected to a frame.   FIG. 4 shows a multi-chip module having a die mount paddle centrally located. Is shown in a sectional view.   FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a package mounted on a metal package member according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The bridging circuit is shown in cross section.   FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of the present invention mounted on a metal package member and A cross-sectional view of a hybrid circuit having a multilayer circuit is shown.   FIG. 7 shows a lead frame having a metal package member according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a multi-chip module adhered to.   Figure 8 shows a hybrid circuit in a metal package sealed with an adhesive. The path is shown in cross section.   FIG. 9 shows a metal electronic package capable of socket-connecting an edge portion according to an embodiment of the present invention. The cage is shown in cross section.   FIG. 10 shows a package (edge socketabl) in which the edge portion of FIG. 9 can be socket-connected. e package) is shown in plan view.   FIG. 11 shows the package enclosed in the package of FIG. Figure 2 shows a multichip module in plan view.   FIG. 12 shows a circuit tray bonded to a package base according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 shows in cross-section a metal package sealed with an adhesive having a base.   FIG. 13 is a view of the edge-socketable pad using the circuit trace of FIG. The cage is shown in cross section.   FIG. 14 is a side brazed package using the circuit traces of FIG. FIG.   The following definitions apply for this application:   Hybrid circuits combine multiple different components in a single package A circuit. Hybrid circuits are typically circuits supported on a dielectric substrate. Includes circuit traces and a plurality of discrete semiconductor devices.   Multi-chip module contains one or more hybrid circuits An electronic package.   FIG. 1 shows in cross section a metal package 10 sealed with an adhesive. This package The cage 10 has a metal base member 12 and a cover member 14. Reed A frame 16 is disposed between the metal base member 12 and the cover member 14, It is adhered to both sides by the mer adhesive 18.   The die attach paddle 20 is typically formed from the same metal as the leadframe, It is bonded to the metal base member 12 with a thermally conductive pad mounting adhesive 22. An integrated circuit device 24, which is typically a silicon-based semiconductor integrated circuit, The die attach adhesive 26, which may be a low melting temperature solder or polymer adhesive, It is joined to the die mounting paddle 20. The bonding wire 28 having a small diameter is used as a lead wire. The frame 16 is electrically connected to the semiconductor device 24.   The electronic package of US Pat. No. 4,939,316 has a metal base member 12 and a cover. Both the bar member 14 is aluminum or an aluminum-based alloy It is formed with. At least a portion of the surface 30 of the package member is corrosion and electrical resistant. It is covered with an anodization layer that acts as both an air insulator. According to whether the inner surface 32 of the metal base member 12 is anodized or not. The semiconductor device 24 is electrically connected to the metal base member 12, or It is electrically isolated from it.   FIG. 2 shows a semiconductor device 24 on a die attach paddle 20 known in the prior art. The top view which arranges is shown. The die mounting paddle 20 is an inner lead of the lead frame. It is located in a central area bounded by inner lead tips 34. I Two inner lead chips 34 are provided from all four directions as in the case of the rectangular structure. Side (dual in-line construction) or single side (single side Online structure) and the semiconductor device 24. Small diameter bonding The wire 28 electrically connects the semiconductor device 24 to the inner lead end 34 of the lead frame. Connection. These bonding wires 28 are generally of small diameter and typically Includes copper, aluminum, gold or this in the order of 0.025 mm (1 mil) Wires of the alloys, and the inner lead end 34 of the lead frame and the semiconductor Metallized on the electrically active surface of device 24 Bonded to the input / output pads by ultrasonic thermobonding It is. Instead, it is used in tape automated bonding (TAB). A thin strip of copper foil, as shown in It is also possible to form a connection with 28.   Due to the stamping and etching constraints mentioned above, a limited number of internals The terminal end 34 can be close to the semiconductor device 24. Inner lead end 34 The additional lead can be enclosed by separating the semiconductor device 24 from the semiconductor device 24 at a distance. . However, this is not a desirable solution. Bond wire length increased Then, the operating speed of the device decreases. If the bonding wire becomes long, Occurs, which can electrically short the circuit. These problems are caused by the present invention. Solution of the first embodiment of the invention, which is illustrated in the plan view of FIG. .   FIG. 3 shows a lead frame assembly 40 for electrical connection of a hybrid circuit 42. Is shown. This hybrid circuit 42 is an invitation to support a plurality of circuit traces 46. An electric substrate 44 is provided. The dielectric substrate 44 is a suitable organic or inorganic insulating material. It can be formed of a material and can be rigid or flexible. Generally, half Conductor device 24a, 24b, 24c, 24dHowever, this semiconductor device 24a, 24b, 24d When mounted on the dielectric substrate 44, 0.025 to 0.0 A relatively thin dielectric substrate on the order of 76 mm (1 to 3 mils) can be transferred from a semiconductor device. Preferred for facilitating heat. Semiconductor device 24cThrough the dielectric substrate 44 Package base (not shown) or die attach paddle in the formed hole 48. When mounted directly on 20, the thickness of the dielectric substrate becomes less important. same Similarly, the dielectric substrate 44 has an excellent heat transfer property such as aluminum nitride or silicon carbide. Substrate thickness is less important if formed from a conductive insulating material .   A typical material for the dielectric substrate is alumina (Al2OThree), Aluminum nitride (A In) and ceramics such as silicon carbide (SiC). This invitation The electrical board is either filled or unfilled It may be an organic material such as lead or epoxy. Other substrate materials have excellent heat Accurately matches conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion of semiconductor device 24 based on Silcon Silicon having a coefficient of thermal expansion of   A plurality of circuit traces 46 are formed on the dielectric substrate 44 by conventional means. . For materials that can withstand high temperatures, such as ceramics and silicon, Metal paste the desired pattern by methods such as screen printing or direct drawing Can be formed from This metal paste is then fired to form an organic binder. N Remover and metallized circuit pattern Form The dielectric substrate 44 is based on an organic material such as polyimide. Adheres a metal film by chemical plating or laminating thin layers of metal foil when can do. Selective energy such as photolithography The etching forms the circuit pattern described above.   The circuit trace 46 is used for the semiconductor device 24.a, 24bCan be electrically connected You. The other circuit trace 46 ′ is the integrated circuit device 24.aMetallization for mounting To form a pad or metallization pad it can. The first means directs circuit traces to the inner lead end 34 of the leadframe. It is provided for electrical connection. A suitable first means is a lead frame Inner lead end portion 34 of semiconductor device 24bBonding wire extending between Metallized interposer pad 46 to reduce the length of the Includes ''.   The circuit trace is the semiconductor device 24.dThe metal foil 47 bonded to the TAB former Can be formed into a single chip or directly to the input / output site on the integrated circuit device. A series of individual bonds for attachment (“flip chip bonding”) Bonding sites can be formed.   Circuit traces are another first means for making electrical connections, namely internal It is also possible to form an extension 50 for directly bonding to the cord end 34. . For mounting, use ultrasonic bonding with thermocompression bonding, thermocompression bonding (thermal com) can be done by any suitable electrically conductive means such as pression bonding) and conductive adhesives. it can. Low melting solders such as gold tin and lead tin alloys are preferred.   Lead flakes to metal base member 12 of metal package sealed with adhesive A cross section of the assembled state of the frame assembly 40 is shown in FIG. Figure 4 shows a hybrid Two semiconductor devices 24 joined to the die attachment paddle 20 by the drive circuit 42.a, 24cIs shown. Semiconductor device 24aIs a metallized circuit trace 46 ' It is directly bonded to the bonding pad of. As shown more clearly in FIG. The raised bonding pad 46 ′ is used for the semiconductor device 24.aThe back side of It can be electrically connected to a frame or other semiconductor device.   Returning to FIG. 4, the semiconductor device 24cThrough the hole 48 of the hybrid circuit 42 However, it can be directly joined to the die mounting paddle 20. Hybrid circuit 42 Or semiconductor device 24 to die attach paddle 20a, 24cCan be mounted with epoxy or Can be done by conventional means such as low melting temperature solders. Back side of semiconductor device If an electrical connection between the and the bonding site is desired, such as a gold-tin eutectic mixture Metallic solder or lead-tin compositions can be used. Instead, use a silver filled A conductive adhesive such as Poxy can be used.   As shown in FIG. 3, the integrated circuit device 24dIs directly bonded to the dielectric substrate 44. In this case, a suitable die attach material comprises a polymer adhesive and the dielectric substrate 44 is a ceramic If it is a high temperature substrate such as quartz or silicon, a sealing glass can be used. In addition, gold can be used in the case of metals that are alloyed with the substrate, for example silicon substrates. Noh.   Returning to FIG. 4, the two connecting the hybrid circuit 42 to the external lead frame. Method is shown. The small diameter bonding wire 28 is attached to the inner lead end 3 4 is electrically connected to the bonding pad 46 ″, and this bonding pad is the second The semiconductor device 24 through the bonding wire 28 'cElectrically connected to. This The insertion circuit structure is formed by connecting the lead frame to the semiconductor device 24.cRequired to connect to Reduce the length of the holding wire.   Instead, the foil extension 50 includes a circuit metallization or circuit metallization ( circuit metallization) 46 to connect directly to inner lead end 34 can do. Bond between foil extension 50 and inner lead end 34 52 retains electrical conductivity between the foil extension and the inner lead end, for example, a conductor. By suitable means such as electro-adhesives, solder or thermocompression or ultrasonic thermocompression It can be carried out. Low melting temperature solders such as gold-tin or lead-tin alloys are most preferred. Good.   Then, the lead frame assembly 40 is bonded to the metal base with the pad mounting adhesive 22. It is joined to the member 12. The pad mounting adhesive 22 may be solder or epoxy. It may be any suitable metal or polymer adhesive. Polymer glue is used If it is desirable to increase the thermal conductivity of the adhesive to improve the thermal conductivity . Pad mounting adhesive 22 is filled with a thermally conductive material such as silver, graphite or alumina. It may also be a thermoset epoxy. One particular advantage of this embodiment is that A semiconductor device 24 to the mounting paddle 20cIs shown with a direct bond. Hybrid Although all the advantages of the switching circuit 42 are obtained, the semiconductor device 24cIs a metal die mounting paddle Contact 20 directly. The heat generated by the semiconductor device is transferred to the heat conductive die mounting paddle. It does not penetrate the heat insulating dielectric substrate until reaching 20.   A cross section of a second embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. Hybrid circuit 42 Are directly bonded to the metal base member 12 with the adhesive 54, for example. Dielectric base The plate 44 provides electrical insulation between the circuit traces 46 and the metal base member 12, but It is desirable to form an inorganic dielectric layer between the base member and the hybrid circuit 42. Yes. When the metal substrate is aluminum or an aluminum-based alloy The inorganic dielectric layer is a 3XXX series aluminum alloy (1.5% by weight or less). In the case of aluminum containing manganese), a perfect black color (integral black color) The solution containing sulfuric acid and 5-sulfosalicylic acid. Formed by a suitable anodizing process, such as node immersion A layer of anodized aluminum can be formed.   When the metal base member 12 is copper or a copper-based alloy, an inorganic dielectric Layer 56 is coated with a second material and forms an inorganic dielectric layer from this second material. By in-situ bonding, or by direct bonding of insulating layers. A thin refractory oxide layer can be formed. This “in s The "itu" process deposits the inorganic dielectric layer 56 directly from the components of the copper-based alloy. The forming process is included. A preferred copper alloy is about 2% to about 12% by weight alloy. Contains Luminium. One particularly preferred alloy is 2.5-3.1% Al. Copper alloy C6281 containing minium, 1.5 to 2.1% silicon, and the balance copper. You. This copper-based alloy should be heated in a gas with a low oxygen content. Is oxidized by and. One preferred gas is 4% hydrogen and 96% nitrogen and gas It is a trace amount of oxygen decomposed from a trace amount of water mixed in.   Copper-based alloys are not suitable for "in situ" formation of the inorganic dielectric layer 56 In this case, a copper-based alloy is disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,862,323. As such, it can be clad with a metal or alloy capable of forming a refractory oxide. That Instead, it is disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,888,449 to Crane et al. As such, copper-based substrates may be coated with a second metal such as nickel. The refractory oxide is formed on the coating layer. Another suitable technology is the Dotzer e No. 4,495,378 to T al. Iron or copper substrate It is coated with a metallic flash of copper or silver. Then the aluminum Um was electro-deposited and anodized on this flash to remove the inorganic dielectric layer. Form.   Yet another method of forming the inorganic dielectric layer 56 on the metal base member 12 is Nakani. It is disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,611,745 to shi et al. Aluminum nitride The aluminum substrate is selected from the group consisting of silver and titanium, zirconium and hafnium. Soldered to the copper layer using a braze material containing the selected reactive metal.   Whatever the method of forming the inorganic dielectric layer 56, the formation of this layer is selective. Preferably an electrolytic process such as anodization is used. If you need to mask the selected area with a platter's tape. Prevents formation of layers in this area. By the selective attachment, the semiconductor device 24e To directly bond the metal to the metal base member 12 to maximize heat transfer from the electronic device. Can be. Instead, the semiconductor device 24fCan be bonded to the inorganic dielectric layer. Wear. Example 24eAnd 24fThe choice between and is the electrical insulation from the metal base member 12. Depends on whether or not is desired.   As in the case of the above-described embodiment, the semiconductor device 24dIs formed from circuit trace 46 It can be bonded to the formed metallization pad 46 '.   FIG. 6 shows a cross section of a third embodiment of the present invention. In this example, The hybrid circuit includes a plurality of metal layers and at least one dielectric layer separating the metal layers. The multi-layer hybrid circuit 58 having Circuit trace 46 is the first metal It can be formed on the layer 60 and the second metal layer 62. Instead, a metal layer 1 is the ground plane or power plane It may comprise a solid sheet used as e). Known in the art Available means such as carbon black dispersion on the walls of non-conductive vias. And then disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,619,741 to Minten et al. Conductive material formed by electrolytic or chemical plating of a conductive material such as copper The sex via 64 can be used. Conductive vias 64 are the second gold The base layer is the semiconductor device 24.bTo the input / output sites on the It is possible to connect the air. The semiconductor device includes one of the metal layers, the intermediate dielectric layer 64, and the inorganic layer. Die attach paddle (not shown) to the dielectric layer 56 or metal base member 12 Can be joined.   FIG. 6 shows a multilayer hybrid circuit 58 with two metal layers and a single dielectric layer. Although shown, the number of metal layers and intermediate dielectric layers can be arbitrary. further FIG. 6 shows that a multi-layer hybrid circuit 58 is formed on the surface of the metal base member 12. FIG. 3 shows an example in which the die attach paddle is directly bonded to the formed inorganic dielectric layer 56. It is also within the scope of the present invention to position the switch between the multilayer hybrid circuit and the metal base member. It is in the box.   FIG. 7 shows a cross section of a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The metal base member 12 is small It has an inorganic dielectric layer 56 formed on at least one surface. Thermosetting polymer -, Having thermal conductivity and electrical insulation like thermoplastic polymer or sealing glass The pad mounting adhesive 22 having the adhesive is mixed with the inner lead end portion 34 of the lead frame. Both a number of die attach paddles 20 are bonded to the metal base member. Bonding Wa The ear 28 uses the semiconductor device 24 as a lead frame and an electrical device from the lead frame. Insulated inner lead fingers or metal run Are electrically connected to a metal circuit run 66 which can form Semiconductor device 2 4 is bonded to the die mounting paddle 20 with a die mounting adhesive 26. Die attach paddle Then, it is adhered to the inorganic dielectric layer with a thermally conductive pad attachment adhesive 22.   The lead frame assembly shown in FIGS. It can be encapsulated in a suitable electronic package such as lamic or metal. Fig. 8 Is a preferred implementation where the multilayer hybrid circuit is encapsulated in a metal electronic package. The cross section of an example is shown. All elements shown in FIG. 8 are hybrid circuits. Not shown to scale to better show the structure of the lane 58. as a result , Certain elements, particularly the semiconductor device 24, are changed in size in the figure.   The package is made of a heat conductive material such as an aluminum-based alloy. It has a formed metal base member 12. Fins 72 to increase heat dissipation In addition, it can be formed on the metal base member 12. First metal layer 60 and second metal layer A multi-layer hybrid circuit 58 having 62 and an intermediate dielectric layer 64 is provided with an adhesive 54. It is joined to the die mounting paddle 20. The heat conductive pad mounting adhesive 22 is a multi-layer hive. The lid circuit and the die mounting paddle 20 are joined to the metal base member 12. Base part Surface 30 of material 12 is coated with an inorganic dielectric layer to improve electrical insulation and corrosion resistance. Preferably. The first metal layer 60 is formed on the inner lead end portion 3 of the lead frame 16. Includes a cantilevered foil extension 50 for direct bonding to 4. Multiple semiconductors The device 24 is joined to the die attach paddle 20. Bonding wire 28 is a semiconductor The device 24 is electrically connected to the circuit traces formed on the first metal layer. Second metal Electrical connections to layers are also made using conductive vias (not shown) be able to.   The cover member 14 and the metal base member 12 are attached to each other with a polymer adhesive 18 so that the lead frame It is joined to the arm 16. The polymer adhesive 18 is a thermosetting epoxy or cured For other adhesives that require heat to The air inside expands during heating. Cavity volume changes due to polymer adhesive 18 Vents 76 are closed to create pressure and prevent poor sealing. It is preferably formed on the bar member 14. Vents 76 are then, for example, small To complete the multi-chip module 70 by sealing various metallic slugs with an adhesive To be sealed.   FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which the lead frame assembly is enclosed in a metal package. However, molded plastic packages, ceramic packages or Encapsulate the above leadframe assembly in a glass sealed metal package It is within the scope of the invention.   FIG. 9 shows a cross section of another embodiment of the present invention. Electronic package 90 Can be connected at the edge to make an electrical contact with an external socket You. The package 90 is made of a heat conductive material such as metal, metal alloy or metal compound. From It has a base member 92 formed. Materials based on copper and aluminum Is preferable from the viewpoint of excellent thermal conductivity. Encapsulated silicon-based semiconductor If a close match of the coefficient of thermal expansion of the device 94 is required, the base member 92 may be an iron-nickel. It can be formed from Kell alloy.   The lead frame 96 is a base member with a first dielectric sealant 98. It is joined to 92. The first dielectric sealant is a thermosetting or thermoplastic polymer. A suitable adhesive material such as resin or sealing glass. Dielectric sealant 98 Is preferably a thermosetting epoxy resin. The lead frame 96 is copper or copper Is a suitable electrically conductive material such as a base alloy.   Cover part that can be formed from a suitable material such as polymer, ceramic or metal The material 100 is bonded to the lead frame 96 with the second dielectric sealant 102. set To facilitate standup, the second dielectric sealant 102 has the same thermal distribution (therm). Al dielectric) cures both sealants so that the first dielectric sealant 98 It is preferably formed from the same material as. The cover member 100 has a low coefficient of thermal expansion. Close to that of the base member 92 to prevent bending of the package due to alignment It is preferably formed of a material having a high coefficient of thermal expansion. Generally, the cover member 100 is made of the same material as the base member 92.   The outer portion 104 of the lead of the lead frame 96 covers the peripheral portion of the cover member 100. It extends beyond and is supported by the base member 92. The outer portion 104 is the base member 92. It is preferable to terminate at the peripheral portion of. The first dielectric sealant 98 covers the outer portion 104. It is electrically insulated from the metal base member 92. Base member to improve electrical insulation 92 is covered with a dielectric layer. Base member 92, lead frame 96, and first dielectric By varying the thickness with the body sealant 98, the edge connectable portion 106 is It can be of any desired thickness. Typical of printed wiring board sockets The typical thickness is about 1.1 millimeters.   FIG. 10 shows a plan view of the electronic package of FIG. The outer part 104 Shaded for clarity. In addition to facilitating connections at the edges, The advantage of this structure is that the leads are firmly adhered to the base member 92, so that the external leads Including that there is little chance of damage, bending or distortion of the card I'm out. The leads extend from all four sides of the package, as shown in FIG. However, it is also within the scope of the invention that the leads extend from one, two, or three sides. It is within.   FIG. 11 is a plan view of the electronic package 110 that houses the hybrid circuit 112. This hybrid circuit is known in the art or described above. It can be any of the hybrid circuits. Circuit trace 114 and this time Means 116 for electrically connecting the path trace to the electrical member 118 are described above. The circuit traces 114 are electrically connected to the inner portion of the lead frame and are The outer portion 104 of the ram extends beyond the package cover 100 to extend to the socket ( electrical).   FIG. 12 shows an adhesive-sealed electronic package according to another embodiment of the present invention. A cross section of 120 is shown. In this example, a suitable metal, metal alloy or The base member 122, which may be a metal compound, is at least a dielectric layer 124. Is also partially covered. The base member 122 is an aluminum-based material The dielectric layer 124 is preferably an anodized layer. Circuit trace 126 is By suitable method such as clean printing, ion or plasma deposition or direct drawing Directly deposited on the dielectric layer 124. Circuit traces are fired or otherwise cured A conductive material that adheres to the dielectric layer 124 after processing. Suitable materials are copper and tan Gustene, palladium / nickel alloy and chrome / copper / chrome / laminated structure Such metallizations are included. silver Conductive polymers such as filled epoxies can also be used.   Another group of suitable materials is generally relatively low melting metal or metal alloy powders, It is a mixture of a relatively high melting point metal powder and a flux. Typically a refractory metal The powder is copper powder. But other like silver, gold, palladium and nickel Metals or alloys and their alloys can be used. Low melting temperature powder is tin, bismuth , Lead, gallium, indium or other metals or higher melting point powder materials It may be a metal alloy having a high melting point. During firing, the flux is removed and the metal The powder diffuses and forms an intermetallic alloy with a relatively high melting temperature. This type of conduction Sex inks are available from Toranaga Technologies, Inc. of Carlsbad, California. Available from.   One or more integrated circuit devices 128 or other electrical components are wires. Suitable hands such as bonding, TAB mounting or flip chip bonding Electrically connected to circuit trace 126 at stage 130. Circuit trace 126 is Reconnect by any suitable means such as wire bonding, TAB mounting or direct soldering. It is electrically connected to the battery frame 132. Thermosetting polymer resin, thermoplastic resin The lead frame 132 may be attached to the base component 122 with a trimmer resin or sealing glass. Combine. The cover member 136 is any suitable means, preferably the same first dielectric sealant. At 134, it is joined to the opposite side of the leadframe.   Referring to FIG. 13, circuit traces 126 extend around the perimeter of base component 122. Can form a socket-connectable package at the edges, as described above. You.   FIG. 14 shows a cross section of an electronic package according to another embodiment of the present invention. Most of the elements in this package are the same as those in FIGS. 12 and 13. However, the circuit trace 126 is located around the base member 122 and the cover member 136. Terminate. Suitable solder 142, such as a lead-tin alloy or a gold-tin alloy, is Attached to the edge of circuit trace 126 by solder dipping or screen printing Is done. The lead frame 144 contacts the solder 142 and is bonded to the solder. Form a side brazed package.   According to the present invention, a hybrid circuit that sufficiently fulfills the above-mentioned objects, means and advantages. Is clearly provided. The present invention is described in combination with specific embodiments. Obviously, many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the above description. It is obvious. Therefore, within the spirit and broad scope of the claims. However, it is planned to make all of these substitutions, modifications and changes.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (81)指定国 EP(AT,BE,CH,DE, DK,ES,FR,GB,GR,IE,IT,LU,M C,NL,PT,SE),OA(BF,BJ,CF,CG ,CI,CM,GA,GN,ML,MR,NE,SN, TD,TG),AM,AU,BB,BG,BR,BY, CA,CN,CZ,FI,GE,HU,JP,KE,K G,KP,KR,KZ,LK,LT,LV,MD,MG ,MN,MW,NO,NZ,PL,RO,RU,SD, SI,SK,TJ,TT,UA,UZ,VN (72)発明者 ブラデン,ジェフリー エス. アメリカ合衆国 94550 カリフォルニア 州リバーモアー,アリソン サークル 1059────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (81) Designated countries EP (AT, BE, CH, DE, DK, ES, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, LU, M C, NL, PT, SE), OA (BF, BJ, CF, CG , CI, CM, GA, GN, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG), AM, AU, BB, BG, BR, BY, CA, CN, CZ, FI, GE, HU, JP, KE, K G, KP, KR, KZ, LK, LT, LV, MD, MG , MN, MW, NO, NZ, PL, RO, RU, SD, SI, SK, TJ, TT, UA, UZ, VN (72) Inventors Braden, Jeffrey S.             United States 94550 California             Allison Circle, Livermore, Ohio             1059

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1.1またはそれ以上の電子装置(94)を封入するパッケージ(90)であ って、 第1周部を有するベース部材(92)と、 この第1周部よりも小さなサイズの第2周部を有するカバー部材(100)と 、 ベース部材(92)とカバー部材(100)との間に配置され、その外側部分 (104)は前記第1周部の近部で終端するリードフレーム(96)と、を備え ることを特徴とするパッケージ。 2.前記ベース部材(92)は、金属と、金属合金と、金属化合物とからなる 群から選択されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載のパッケージ(90 )。 3.前記ベース部材(92)は、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、または、 アルミニウム化合物であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第2項に記載のパッケー ジ(90)。 4.前記ベース部材(92)は、少なくとも一部が誘電体層で被覆されている ことを特徴とする請求の範囲第2項または第3項に記載のパッケージ(90)。 5.前記ベース部材(92)と、前記リードフレーム(96)の外側部分と、 前記ベース部材(92)を前記リードフレーム(96)に接合する絶縁シーラン ト(98)との組み合わされた厚さは、前記パッケージ(90)を外部ソケット に電気的に接続する作用をなすものであることを特徴とする請求の範囲第4項に 記載のパッケージ(90)。 6.1またはそれ以上の電子装置(128)を収容するためのパッケージ(1 20)であって、 少なくとも一部が誘電体層(124)で被覆されたベース部材(122)と、 カバー部材(136)と、 ベース部材(122)とカバー部材(136)との間に配置されたリードフレ ーム(132)と、 前記誘電体層(124)に接着され、前記電子装置(128)と前記リードフ レーム(132)との双方に電気的に接続された1またはそれ以上の回路トレー ス(126)とを備えることを特徴とするパッケージ(120)。 7.前記ベース(122)は、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、または、ア ルミニウム化合物であり、前記誘電体層は陽極酸化層であることを特徴とする請 求の範囲第6項に記載のパッケージ(120)。 8.前記回路トレース(126)は、焼成金属被覆(fired metallizations)、 銀充填ポリマーおよび電導性インクからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする 請求の範囲第7項に記載のパッケージ(120)。 9.1またはそれ以上の電子装置(128)を封入するパッケージ(120, 140)であって、 少なくとも一部が陽極酸化層(124)で被覆されかつ第1周部を有するアル ミニウム合金のベース部材(122)と、 第2周部を有するカバー部材(136)と、 前記陽極酸化層(124)に接着されかつ前記第1周部の回りに延在する1つ またはそれ以上の回路トレース(126)とを備えることを特徴とするパッケー ジ(120,140)。 10.前記回路トレース(126)は、焼成金属被覆、銀充填ポリマーおよび導 電性インクからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第9項に記載 のパッケージ(120,140)。 11.前記第1周部は、前記第2周部よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求の範囲 第9項に記載のパッケージ(120)。 12.前記第1周部は、前記第2周部と等しいことを特徴とする請求の範囲第9 項に記載のパッケージ(140)。 13.リードフレーム(144)は、前記第1周部の近部で前記回路トレース( 126)の縁部にはんだ付け(142)されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1 1項または第12項に記載のパッケージ(120,140)。[Claims]   A package (90) enclosing an electronic device (94) of 1.1 or more I mean   A base member (92) having a first peripheral portion,   A cover member (100) having a second peripheral portion having a size smaller than the first peripheral portion; ,   An outer portion of the base member (92) disposed between the cover member (100) and the base member (92). (104) comprises a lead frame (96) terminating near the first peripheral portion. A package characterized by:   2. The base member (92) is made of metal, metal alloy, and metal compound. Package (90) according to claim 1, characterized in that it is selected from the group: ).   3. The base member (92) is made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, or The package according to claim 2, wherein the package is an aluminum compound. J (90).   4. The base member (92) is at least partially covered with a dielectric layer. Package (90) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that   5. The base member (92) and an outer portion of the lead frame (96), Insulation sealant for joining the base member (92) to the lead frame (96) The combined thickness of the package (90) and the package (90) 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the function of electrically connecting to Package as described (90).   6. Package (1) for housing one or more electronic devices (128) 20) and   A base member (122) at least partially coated with a dielectric layer (124);   A cover member (136),   A lead frame disposed between the base member (122) and the cover member (136). (132)   Bonded to the dielectric layer (124), the electronic device (128) and the lead foil (128). One or more circuit trays electrically connected to both the frame (132) A package (120) comprising:   7. The base (122) is made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, or alloy. It is a aluminum compound, and the dielectric layer is an anodized layer. Package (120) according to claim 6 of the present application.   8. The circuit traces (126) include fired metallizations, Characterized by being selected from the group consisting of silver-filled polymers and conductive inks A package (120) according to claim 7.   9. A package (120, 120) enclosing one or more electronic devices (128) 140),   At least partly covered with an anodized layer (124) and having a first perimeter A base member (122) of minium alloy   A cover member (136) having a second peripheral portion,   One adhered to the anodized layer (124) and extending around the first perimeter Or more circuit traces (126) J (120, 140).   Ten. The circuit traces (126) are made of fired metallization, silver filled polymer and conductive material. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the ink is selected from the group consisting of electrically conductive inks. Package (120, 140).   11. The first peripheral portion is larger than the second peripheral portion. Package (120) according to clause 9.   12. 10. The scope of claim 9, wherein the first peripheral portion is equal to the second peripheral portion. Package (140) according to paragraph.   13. The lead frame (144) has the circuit trace () near the first peripheral portion. Claim 1 characterized in that it is soldered (142) to the edge of 126). The package (120, 140) according to item 1 or 12.
JP7511803A 1993-10-12 1994-09-26 Edge-connectable metal package Pending JPH09503888A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US134,993 1987-12-18
US13499393A 1993-10-12 1993-10-12
PCT/US1994/010388 WO1995010853A1 (en) 1993-10-12 1994-09-26 Edge connectable metal package

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Publication Number Publication Date
JPH09503888A true JPH09503888A (en) 1997-04-15

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP7511803A Pending JPH09503888A (en) 1993-10-12 1994-09-26 Edge-connectable metal package

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EP (1) EP0723703A4 (en)
JP (1) JPH09503888A (en)
KR (1) KR960705354A (en)
AU (1) AU7873894A (en)
WO (1) WO1995010853A1 (en)

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DE102008001414A1 (en) * 2008-04-28 2009-10-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Substrate circuit module with components in multiple contacting levels

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FR2501414A1 (en) * 1981-03-06 1982-09-10 Thomson Csf MICROBOITIER FOR ENCAPSULATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR PELLETS, TESTABLE AFTER WELDING ON A SUBSTRATE
JPS5815241A (en) * 1981-07-20 1983-01-28 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Substrate for semiconductor device
US5014159A (en) * 1982-04-19 1991-05-07 Olin Corporation Semiconductor package
JPS58190046A (en) * 1982-04-30 1983-11-05 Fujitsu Ltd Semiconductor device
US4577056A (en) * 1984-04-09 1986-03-18 Olin Corporation Hermetically sealed metal package
US4862323A (en) * 1984-04-12 1989-08-29 Olin Corporation Chip carrier
US4953001A (en) * 1985-09-27 1990-08-28 Raytheon Company Semiconductor device package and packaging method
US4839716A (en) * 1987-06-01 1989-06-13 Olin Corporation Semiconductor packaging
US5013871A (en) * 1988-02-10 1991-05-07 Olin Corporation Kit for the assembly of a metal electronic package
US4939316A (en) * 1988-10-05 1990-07-03 Olin Corporation Aluminum alloy semiconductor packages
US5268533A (en) * 1991-05-03 1993-12-07 Hughes Aircraft Company Pre-stressed laminated lid for electronic circuit package

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EP0723703A4 (en) 1998-04-01
AU7873894A (en) 1995-05-04
EP0723703A1 (en) 1996-07-31
KR960705354A (en) 1996-10-09

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