JPH09310832A - Starting control method of garbage incinerator and garbage incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To keep a combustion state in an incinerator satisfactory without discharging a harmful matter preventing dew condensation from being produced on a bag filter upon starting of a garbage incinerator. SOLUTION: A hopper cover 2b is closed and is kept at the state where waste gas is prevented from flowing to a bag filter 4a. In this state, an induction air fan mechanism 5 is operated, and pressure in an incinerator is maintained within a predetermined range with incinerator internal pressure control means. Further, after inlet temperature of the bag filter 4a by a heating mechanism 8 reaches a predetermined reference temperature, operation conditions for the induction air fan mechanism 5 by the in-incinerator pressure control means are fixed and the hopper cover 2b is opened to introduce garbage into the garbage hopper 2. Further, after sealing completion of an opening 2a by the introduced garbage into the garbage hopper 2 is detected, the bag filter 4a is changed over to a bag filter ventilation state to restart the control of the incinerator internal pressure into the predetermined range by the incinerator internal pressure control means.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dust incinerator start-up control method and a dust incinerator, and more particularly, to a hopper lid capable of sealing the furnace to the outside,
A dust hopper configured to provide an opening to the furnace at a lower end thereof, for receiving dust to be charged into the furnace, a heating mechanism for heating the furnace, and a bag filter for circulating and purifying combustion exhaust gas from the furnace. A ventilation state, a bag filter that can be switched to a bag filter resting state that bypasses the combustion exhaust gas, an induction blower mechanism that attracts the combustion exhaust gas from the downstream side of the bag filter, and the induction blower mechanism is controlled to control the blower. The present invention relates to a dust incinerator start-up control method including a furnace pressure control unit for adjusting the pressure in the furnace, and a dust incinerator including the start-up control unit.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional refuse incinerator and its startup control will be described with reference to an example of the refuse incinerator shown in FIG. 5, and the refuse incinerator 10 can seal the furnace 1 to the outside. A hopper lid 2b is provided and a lower end is provided with an opening 2a to the furnace 1, which is provided with a dust hopper 2 for receiving dust to be charged into the furnace 1 and discharging combustion exhaust gas from the furnace 1. An exhaust gas processing device 4 for processing combustion exhaust gas from the furnace 1, an induction blower mechanism 5 for inducing the combustion exhaust gas from a downstream side of the exhaust gas treatment device 4 to the flue 3, and an induction blower 5A and an air flow rate adjustment. The combustion exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney 6. The furnace 1 includes a movable fire bed 11
And a post-combustion zone C for ashing the combustion residue of the dust burned in the combustion zone B. The movable fire bed 11 is divided into a dry zone stoker 11a provided in the dry zone A, a combustion zone stoker 11b provided in the combustion zone B, and a post combustion zone provided in the post combustion zone C. It is configured separately from the obi stoker 11c,
From the dry zone stoker 11a to the combustion zone stoker 11
Through b, the dust thrown into the post-combustion zone stoker 11c is conveyed while burning, and the ash of the combustion residue of the dust is dropped downward from the end portion of the post-combustion zone stoker 11c and discharged to the ash pit. To be done. A waste heat boiler 13 for secondary combustion of combustion gas generated by burning dust on the fire bed 11 in the space above the fire bed 11 to recover the heat.
Is provided on the downstream side of the upper space. The steam generated in the waste heat boiler 13 is sent to a power generator and drives a steam turbine to be used for power generation. Also, the furnace 1
A gas burner 8A serving as a heating mechanism 8 for heating the furnace is provided, and is used for preheating the furnace 1 and igniting dust introduced into the furnace 1. The exhaust gas treatment device 4 is a bag filter 4a for circulating and purifying the combustion exhaust gas.
And a smoke washing device 4b for washing the purified combustion exhaust gas. The flue 3 is provided with a bypass passage 3a for the bag filter 4a, and a bag filter ventilation state in which the combustion exhaust gas from the furnace 1 is circulated and purified, and a bug in which the combustion exhaust gas is circulated in the bypass passage 3a. A flow path switching damper 9A is provided as an exhaust gas path switching mechanism 9 capable of switching to a filter resting state. Then, based on the detection result from the minute differential pressure gauge 24A that compares the atmospheric pressure as the furnace internal pressure detection means 24 provided in the furnace 1, the set furnace internal pressure (−10) that functions as the furnace internal pressure control means.
mmaq) as a reference, the blower mechanism control means 21 for controlling the pressure in the furnace 1 by PID control of the induction blower 5A.
The inverter controller 21A is provided to maintain the furnace pressure substantially constant. A push air blower 7 for supplying primary combustion air or drying air from below the movable fire 11 is provided. The push air blower 7 includes a push blower 7A and the push blower 7A. Control the air preheater to preheat the air and supply air volume, and
A damper mechanism for adjusting the preheating temperature is provided, and the blower mechanism control means 21 is configured to control the forced blower mechanism 7 at the same time.

At the time of starting up the above dust incinerator, the bag filter inlet temperature is checked as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 6 as an example, and the bag filter inlet temperature is determined to be a reference temperature (combustion exhaust gas dew point as a reference. When the temperature is lower than 160 ° C.), the flow path switching damper 9A is switched to allow the exhaust gas to flow through the bypass passage 3a, the bag filter 4a is held in the bag filter resting state, and the induction blower 5A is operated. To induce the air in the furnace 1 and control the induced blower 5A by the blower control means 21 as the furnace pressure control means to make the pressure in the furnace 1 a negative pressure with respect to the atmospheric pressure, and the absolute pressure. About 99 kPa (about -1
0 mmaq) while igniting the gas burner 8A,
Preheating in the furnace 1 is started. Then, the hopper lid 2
After opening b, dust is put into the dust hopper 2, and after the opening 2a is sealed with dust, the furnace 1
The internal pressure is allowed to settle at about 99 kPa in absolute pressure, and the temperature at the inlet of the bag filter 4a is waited to reach 160 ° C. or higher. The passage of the passage switching damper 9A is switched to the bypass passage 3a side in advance as a measure for avoiding dew condensation, and because of the high dew point of the combustion exhaust gas, the bag filter This is to prevent dew condensation on the bug 4a and inducing a trouble in the bug filter 4a. When the temperature inside the furnace 1 rises and the inlet temperature of the bag filter 4a becomes 160 ° C. or higher, the flow path switching damper 9A is switched to vent the combustion exhaust gas to the bag filter 4a. Switching to the state, the pusher 2c provided at the lower end of the dust hopper 2 is driven to throw dust into the furnace 1 from the opening 2a to the dry zone stoker 11a, and the push blower 7A constituting the push blower mechanism 7 is operated. Air is supplied from the wind box under each stoker 11 by driving, and when the dried dust reaches the combustion zone stoker 11b, the gas burner 8A ignites the dust to start the operation of the dust incinerator. If the bag filter inlet temperature reaches 160 ° C., the flow path switching damper 9A is switched to the bag filter ventilation state from the beginning so that the exhaust gas is circulated to the bag filter 4a, and the induction blower 5A is turned on. After operating to maintain the pressure in the furnace 1 at an absolute pressure of about 99 kPa, the hopper lid 2
After opening b, dust is put into the dust hopper 2, and after the opening 2a is sealed with dust, the furnace 1
The internal pressure is allowed to settle at about 99 kPa in absolute pressure, the gas burner 8A is ignited, the pusher 2c is driven, dust is thrown into the dry zone stoker 11a, and the forced draft blower 7 is used.
A is operated to supply air from a wind box below each stoker 11, and when the dried dust reaches the combustion zone stoker 11b, the gas burner 8A ignites the dust,
Commenced operation of garbage incinerator.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned conventional refuse incinerator and its start-up, when the inlet temperature of the bag filter 4a is 160 ° C. or less, the combustion exhaust gas is changed to the bag filter 4a in order to avoid dew condensation. Is discharged through the bypass passage 3a so that no harmful substances are entrained in the combustion exhaust gas when the combustion of dust is started during the startup of the furnace. Has occurred. Therefore, prior to throwing in the trash, the hopper lid 2
With b closed, the induction blower 5A is operated, the furnace internal pressure is controlled by the blower control means 21, the furnace 1 is preheated by the gas burner 8A, and the inlet temperature of the bag filter 4a waits for 160 ° C or more. , Bug filter 4a
If the bag is ventilated and dust is introduced, the discharge of harmful substances accompanying the combustion exhaust gas can be prevented, but the hopper lid 2b is opened in a state where the opening 2a is not sealed by the dust. The internal pressure suddenly fluctuates, and the blower control means 21 causes the induced blower 5A.
Even if you try to control the
Target range of furnace pressure (absolute pressure of about 99 in the above example)
A new problem arises that the convergence to kPa) deteriorates. Therefore, the refuse incinerator startup control method and the refuse incinerator of the present invention solve the above problems, and at the time of startup of the garbage incinerator, while preventing the obstacle of the bag filter induced by dew condensation, harmful Without discharging the substance,
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a startup control method for a refuse incinerator and a refuse incinerator that can stably control the internal pressure of the furnace and therefore can maintain a good combustion state in the furnace.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

[First Characteristic Configuration] The first characteristic configuration of the method for controlling the startup of the refuse incinerator of the present invention for the above purpose is, as described in claim 1, a hopper lid capable of sealing the furnace to the outside. With the provision of an opening to the furnace at the lower end, a dust hopper that receives the dust input to the furnace, a heating mechanism that heats the furnace, and a combustion exhaust gas from the furnace is circulated. A bag filter which can be switched to a bag filter ventilation state for purifying and a bag filter resting state for bypassing the combustion exhaust gas, an induced air blowing mechanism for inducing the combustion exhaust gas from the downstream side of the bag filter, and the induced air blowing mechanism. In a refuse incinerator equipped with furnace pressure control means for controlling the pressure in the furnace by controlling, the hopper lid is closed, and the bag filter is closed. The induction blower mechanism is operated while maintaining the state, the furnace internal pressure is maintained within a predetermined range by the furnace internal pressure control means, and the bag filter inlet temperature by the heating mechanism reaches a predetermined reference temperature. After that, while fixing the operating conditions for the induction blower mechanism by the furnace pressure control means, open the hopper lid to throw dust into the dust hopper, and detect completion of sealing the opening due to dust thrown into the dust hopper. After that, the bag filter is switched to the bag filter ventilation state, and control of the furnace internal pressure by the furnace internal pressure control means within the predetermined range is restarted. [Operation and Effect of First Characteristic Configuration] According to the first characteristic configuration, the hopper lid is closed and the bag filter is kept in the bag filter resting state until the bag filter inlet temperature reaches a predetermined reference temperature. However, since the attracting and blowing mechanism is operated, harmful substances such as dust are not attracted, and therefore there is no risk of releasing the harmful substances into the atmosphere.
Further, even when the bag filter inlet temperature is lowered for some reason, the bug filter is held in the bag filter idle state, so that a defect may be induced in the bug filter by dew condensation on the bug. Can be prevented. Moreover, if the bag filter inlet temperature reaches the reference temperature, the control condition of the induction blower mechanism is that the furnace internal pressure is kept within a predetermined range by the furnace internal pressure control means,
Since the operating conditions are fixed, there is no dust in the hopper,
Even if the hopper lid is opened and the inside of the furnace is open to the atmosphere, it does not cause disturbance to the control of the furnace pressure control means. Further, the hopper lid is opened to put dust into the dust hopper, and after the completion of sealing of the opening due to dust thrown into the dust hopper is detected, the bag filter is switched to the bag filter aeration state, and the furnace pressure is increased. If the control of the furnace internal pressure by the furnace internal pressure control means within the predetermined range is restarted when it has been settled, the overshoot in the furnace internal pressure control means can be avoided, and the bag filter is switched to the bag filter ventilation state. Therefore, even if dust is drawn in at the time of sealing the opening, it can be prevented from being discharged as it is. As a result, it is possible to prevent the damage of the bag filter caused by dew condensation, to discharge the harmful substances, and to control the internal pressure of the furnace in a stable manner. Therefore, it is possible to maintain a good combustion condition in the furnace. Became. [Second Characteristic Configuration and Operation and Effect] The second characteristic configuration of the method for controlling the startup of the dust incinerator according to the present invention is, as described in claim 2, the startup of the dust incinerator according to the first characteristic configuration. When raising, the bag filter inlet temperature is prioritized when the temperature is equal to or higher than the reference temperature, while holding the bag filter in the bag filter aeration state, open the hopper lid to put dust in the dust hopper, A point at which heating by the heating mechanism is started after the induction blower mechanism is operated after the opening of the opening is sealed by dust input to the dust hopper and the furnace internal pressure is maintained within a predetermined range by the furnace internal pressure control means. It is in. Therefore, if the bag filter does not interfere with ventilation and dust removal, that is, if there is no risk of dew condensation on the bag, preheating is not necessary and the bag filter is immediately maintained in the vented state, so there was an exhaust airflow. As a result, it is possible to prevent the discharge of dust and the like, and to put the dust into the dust hopper early. Furthermore, since the induction blower mechanism is operated after the opening is sealed by the input dust,
Since the increase in the amount of induced air can be suppressed, dust and the like can be prevented from being entrained in the combustion exhaust gas, fluctuations in the furnace pressure can also be suppressed, and disturbance to the furnace pressure control means can be reduced. Moreover, since the heating by the heating mechanism is started after the internal pressure of the furnace is maintained within the predetermined range, the combustion conditions in the furnace are stabilized. As a result, when starting up the garbage incinerator, it is possible to prevent the trouble of the bag filter caused by dew condensation,
It is possible to control the pressure inside the furnace in a stable manner without discharging harmful substances, and therefore to maintain the combustion condition in the furnace better, and at the same time protect the bag filter and release harmful substances into the atmosphere. It has become possible to shorten the period during which the furnace is shut down, while at the same time preventing the release of hydrogen. [Third Characteristic Configuration and Operation and Effect] Further, the third characteristic configuration of the method for controlling the startup of the dust incinerator according to the present invention is as described in claim 3, in starting the dust incinerator in the first characteristic configuration. When the bag filter inlet temperature is equal to or higher than the reference temperature, the bag blower is operated in the induced air blowing mechanism while keeping the bag filter in a vented state, and the hopper lid is opened to collect dust in the dust hopper. Is charged to seal the opening by the dust introduced into the dust hopper, and the heating by the heating mechanism is started after the furnace internal pressure is maintained within a predetermined range by the furnace internal pressure control means. Therefore, if the bag filter does not interfere with ventilation and dust removal, that is, if there is no risk of dew condensation on the bag, preheating is not necessary and the bag filter is immediately maintained in the vented state. Even then, it is possible to prevent the discharge of dust and the like, and it is possible to quickly put the dust into the dust hopper. Furthermore, since the induction blower mechanism is operated with the bag filter ventilated, even if the hopper lid is opened and closed, it is possible to avoid an extremely large amount of induced air due to the ventilation resistance of the bag filter. And the like can be prevented from being released into the atmosphere, and rapid fluctuations in the furnace pressure can be avoided, and disturbance to the furnace pressure control means can be reduced. Moreover, since the heating by the heating mechanism is started after the pressure inside the furnace is maintained within the predetermined range, the combustion condition in the furnace is stabilized. As a result, similar to the second characteristic configuration, at the time of starting up the refuse incinerator, it is possible to prevent the bag filter from being damaged by dew condensation, but to prevent harmful substances from being discharged and to control the furnace pressure stably. Therefore, it becomes possible to maintain a better combustion state in the furnace, and at the same time, while protecting the bag filter and preventing the release of harmful substances into the atmosphere,
It became possible to shorten the shutdown period of the furnace.

[Fourth Characteristic Configuration] The fourth characteristic configuration of the dust incinerator according to the present invention is, as described in claim 4, a dust seal detecting means for detecting completion of sealing of an opening by dust introduced from a dust hopper. And a bag filter temperature detecting means for detecting the bag filter inlet temperature,
Priority is given to the operation of the induction blower mechanism, the bag filter is switched to the bag filter ventilation state by the exhaust gas passage switching mechanism, the hopper lid is opened to throw dust into the dust hopper, and the seal from the dust seal detection means is set. A bag filter priority operation mode in which the induction blower mechanism is operated based on completion detection, and control of the induction blower mechanism by the blower mechanism control means is started, and the bag filter is in a bag filter idle state by the exhaust gas passage switching mechanism. In the state of being held at, the induced air blowing mechanism is operated, and after the detection temperature of the bag filter temperature detecting means reaches a preset reference temperature, the bag filter is switched to the bag filter ventilation state by the exhaust gas passage switching mechanism. Switch to, and open the hopper lid to put dust into the dust hopper to complete the seal. Based on the detection, a blower priority operation mode for starting control of the induction blower mechanism by the blower mechanism control means, and a startup operation control means having two types of startup operation modes are provided to detect the bag filter temperature. When the temperature detected by the means is lower than the reference temperature, the startup operation mode is switched to the blower priority operation mode. [Operation and Effect of Fourth Characteristic Configuration] According to the fourth characteristic structure, the bag filter temperature detecting means is provided, and the startup operation mode provided in the startup operation control means of the refuse incinerator is referred to as the bag filter priority operation mode. Since it is configured to be switchable to two types of start-up operation modes including the blower priority operation mode, when the bag filter inlet temperature detection temperature of the bag filter temperature detection means is lower than the reference temperature, that is, less than the dew point of the combustion exhaust gas. If there is a possibility that it will become, switch the startup operation mode to the blower priority operation mode,
While attracting gas from the furnace while raising the temperature in the furnace while keeping the bag filter inactive, waiting for the rise in the bag filter inlet temperature, after the bag filter inlet temperature detection temperature reaches the reference temperature, the Since the bag filter is switched to the bag filter ventilation state, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of dew condensation on the bag filter. If the hopper lid is opened and dust is thrown into the dust hopper after switching to the bag filter ventilation state, it is possible to prevent the dust scattered from being thrown to the outside. Furthermore, since the control of the induction blower mechanism is started after detecting the completion of the sealing of the opening due to the input dust, it is possible to suppress the suction of outside air from outside the furnace, and it is possible to facilitate the control of the furnace pressure by the blower mechanism control means. become. As a result, similar to the first characteristic configuration, it is possible to prevent the bag filter from being hindered by dew condensation, yet to discharge harmful substances, and to stably control the internal pressure of the furnace. It is possible to maintain the condition in good condition, and at the same time, it is possible to shorten the period of shutdown of the furnace while simultaneously protecting the bag filter and preventing the release of harmful substances into the atmosphere. [Fifth Characteristic Configuration and Operation and Effect] Further, according to a fifth characteristic configuration of the refuse incinerator of the present invention, as described in claim 5, the operation control means in the fourth characteristic configuration is used when starting up the dust incinerator. When the temperature detected by the bag filter temperature detecting means is equal to or higher than the reference temperature, the startup operation mode is switched to the bag filter priority mode.
Immediately start to put garbage from the garbage hopper. As a result, similar to the second characteristic configuration, at the time of starting up the refuse incinerator, it is possible to prevent the trouble of the bag filter induced by dew condensation, but without discharging harmful substances,
Moreover, the furnace pressure can be stably controlled, and at the same time, it is possible to shorten the furnace shutdown period while protecting the bag filter and preventing harmful substances from being released into the atmosphere. [Sixth Characteristic Configuration and Action and Effect] The sixth characteristic configuration of the refuse incinerator of the present invention is, as described in claim 6, in the blower priority operation mode according to the fourth characteristic configuration or the fifth characteristic configuration, At the same time that the bag filter is switched to the bag filter ventilation state by the exhaust gas passage switching mechanism, the control of the blower mechanism control means is fixed to the stable operating condition set when the inside of the furnace is maintained at normal pressure, and the dust seal detection means The operation control means is configured to start the control of the induction blower mechanism by the blower mechanism control means on the basis of the detection of the completion of the sealing of the bag filter. When switching, the induction blower mechanism is operated by fixing it to the operating conditions of the induction blower mechanism in which the inside of the furnace has been maintained at the normal pressure by the blower mechanism control means. Runode, even furnace pressure is suddenly changed in accordance with the opening and closing of the hopper lid, can be prevented from affecting the control of the induced draft mechanism by the air blowing mechanism controller. Then, based on the detection of the seal completion from the dust seal detection means, by starting the control of the induction blower mechanism by the blower mechanism control means, so-called overshoot can be avoided, the deterioration of the convergence of the furnace pressure to the target value. It can be prevented. As a result, in addition to the effects of the fourth characteristic configuration or the fifth characteristic configuration, the stability of transient control can be further improved. [Seventh Characteristic Configuration and Operation and Effect] The seventh characteristic configuration of the refuse incinerator of the present invention is the fourth to sixth aspects as described in claim 7.
In the bag filter priority operation mode in any one of the characteristic configurations, the operation control means is configured to start the control of the induced blower mechanism by the blower mechanism control means based on the detection of the seal completion from the dust seal detection means. In this way, so-called overshoot can be avoided, and deterioration of the convergence of the furnace pressure to the target value can be prevented.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In order to facilitate reference to the drawings, the same elements as those in the drawings showing the above-mentioned conventional example or elements having the same functions are designated by the same reference numerals. 1 illustrates an example of the refuse incinerator of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows an example of a basic control procedure according to the control method of the present invention as a flowchart, and FIG. An example of the procedure for starting up the refuse incinerator shown in is shown as a flowchart. As shown in FIG. 1, a television camera 23A is attached to the ceiling wall on the inlet side of the drying zone A of the furnace 1 as the dust seal detecting means 23 in the dust incinerator 10 configured similarly to that shown in FIG.
The opening 2a of the dust hopper 2 can be monitored. A dust sticker detecting means is provided for processing the image from the television camera 23A to detect the completion of sticking of dust in the opening 2a. Further, the bag filter 4a is provided with a suction type gas thermometer 22A as the bag filter temperature detecting means 22 at the inlet of the flow path switching damper 9A as the exhaust gas passage switching mechanism 9 provided at the inlet of the bag filter 4a. The temperature of the bag filter 4a is detected by the gas thermometer 22A. further,
An inverter controller 21A is provided as the blower mechanism control means 21 that functions as a furnace pressure control means, and it is configured to control an induction blower 5A that attracts combustion exhaust gas from the inside of the furnace 1, and is provided with the induction blower 5A. The operation control means 20 for controlling the induction blower mechanism 5 is also provided, and the operation control and the startup control of the refuse incinerator 10 are performed. The blower mechanism control means 21 supplies the forced combustion air or the drying air (which also functions as secondary combustion air in the furnace 1) into the furnace 1 from below the stoker 11. Is also configured to control. The operation control means 20 includes the dust seal detection means, and the detection result and the suction type gas thermometer 22A.
Based on the detected value of the above, the flow path switching damper 9A is operated to stop the bag filter in which the combustion exhaust gas flows into the bypass passage 3a, and the combustion exhaust gas flows into the bag filter 4a.
It is configured such that it can be switched to the ventilation state of a bag filter that circulates in the air conditioner, and the setting of the inverter controller 21A can be fixedly changed. The operation control means 20 is provided with a bag filter priority operation mode and a blower priority operation mode as start-up operation modes, and the detection result from the suction type gas thermometer 22A is a reference temperature. When the temperature is less than 160 ° C., which is lower than 160 ° C., the blower priority operation mode is automatically set, and when the detection result from the suction gas thermometer 22A is the reference temperature or more, that is, 160 ° C. or more, the bag filter priority operation mode is automatically set. It is configured to be switched.

The basic procedure of an example of the basic start-up control of the dust incinerator described above will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 2. When the dust incinerator 10 is started up, the hopper lid of the dust hopper 2 is previously set. Keep 2b closed, and then
The flow path switching damper 9A is switched so that the exhaust gas circulates in the bypass passage 3a, the bag filter 4a is held in the bag filter resting state, and the induction blower 5A of the induction blower mechanism 5 is activated. Then, PID control of the induction blower 5A by the inverter controller 21A according to the detected furnace internal pressure from the water manometer-type fine differential pressure gauge 24A as the furnace internal pressure detection means 24 for detecting the furnace internal pressure of the furnace 1, The internal pressure of the furnace 1 is maintained within the set pressure range. Then, the gas burner 8A which is the heating mechanism 8 is ignited, and the flow path is detected by the suction gas thermometer 22A that measures the inlet temperature of the flow path switching damper 9A as the inlet temperature of the bag filter 4a. The temperature at the inlet of the switching damper 9A is monitored. After waiting for the inlet temperature to reach 160 ° C., the control condition of the PID control by the operation control means 20 of the induction blower 5A is fixed, the hopper lid 2b is opened, and dust is put into the hopper 2. Then, after the completion of the seal due to the dust in the dust hopper 2 opening 2a from the dust seal detection unit that is provided on the ceiling wall of the inlet side of the furnace 1 as the dust seal detection unit 23 and that is detected from the image from the television camera 23A, The flow path switching damper 9A is switched so that the exhaust gas flows to the bag filter 4a, the bag filter 4a is maintained in a bag filter aeration state, and then the dust is thrown into the dust hopper 2 and thrown by the gas burner 8A. The dust is ignited and the forced air blower 7A constituting the forced air blow mechanism 7 is started to start the incineration of the dust in the furnace. . By controlling the startup operation of the refuse incinerator as shown above, when starting up the refuse incinerator, bypassing the exhaust gas through the bag filter while avoiding dew condensation on the bug in the bag filter And it is not released into the atmosphere as it is. Moreover, when opening the hopper to the atmosphere, the control condition of the induction blower is once fixed, so that so-called overshoot of the operation control means of the induction blower can be avoided, and the internal pressure of the furnace can be rapidly converged within the set range. I can. The above control is
It is effective not only for operation control when starting up the garbage incinerator after shutdown, but also for starting recovery operation after exhaustion of dust, starting recovery operation after abnormal temperature drop in the furnace, etc. It can be effectively utilized as the control means as the operation control means, and the start of the recovery operation is also included in the startup of the refuse incinerator. Even if the bag filter inlet temperature drops for some reason during the operation of the refuse incinerator, the above-mentioned control for changing the state of the bag filter can be operated, and the dew condensation of the bug filter on the bug occurs during such operation. It is also effective for stable control of the refuse incinerator since it can be prevented from being generated and the harmful substances can be prevented from being discharged into the atmosphere.

At the start of the recovery operation, the above-described startup operation control procedure is further developed, as shown in FIGS.
The operation control procedure shown in is more effective. This is to switch between the bag filter priority operation mode and the blower priority operation mode of the startup operation mode provided in the operation control means in the above-mentioned refuse incinerator. That is, when starting up the refuse incinerator, the inlet temperature of the bag filter 4a is compared with the reference temperature (160 ° C. in the above example) prior to the start of operation of the induction blower 5A, and the subsequent operation control procedure is determined based on the comparison result. To do. When the bag filter inlet temperature, that is, the inlet temperature of the flow path switching damper 9A is equal to or higher than the reference temperature, as shown in FIG.
Switch the startup operation mode of 0 to the bag filter priority operation mode. In this mode, first, the flow path switching damper 9A is switched so that the exhaust gas flow path communicates with the bag filter 4a, the bag filter 4a is kept in the bag filter aeration state, and dust is collected by the same procedure as described above. Is put into the dust hopper 2, and after the seal of dust in the hopper opening 2a is detected, the induction blower 5A is activated to wait until the pressure inside the furnace is stabilized within a predetermined pressure range. Then, the gas burner 8A is ignited, thrown into the dust hopper 2, dried in the drying zone A of the furnace 1, and ignited on the dust on the combustion zone stoker 11a sent to the combustion zone B to start the forced draft blower 7A. Commenced operation of garbage incinerator. When the bag filter inlet temperature is lower than the reference temperature, the start-up operation mode of the operation control means 20 is switched to the blower priority operation mode shown in FIG. In this mode, in the same manner as described above, the induction blower 5A is started, and after waiting for the pressure inside the furnace 1 to settle within the predetermined pressure range, the gas burner 8A is ignited and the bag filter Wait until the inlet temperature, that is, the inlet temperature of the flow path switching damper 9A reaches the reference temperature. After that, dust is thrown in, and after waiting for the pressure inside the furnace 1 to settle within a predetermined pressure range, the gas burner 8A ignites the dust on the combustion zone stoker 11a to activate the forced draft blower 7A. Commenced operation of garbage incinerator. As described above, since the bag filter inlet temperature is inspected prior to the activation of the induced draft mechanism, it is possible to perform the startup control according to the startup state regardless of the previous state of the refuse incinerator. It will be possible.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. <1> In the above embodiment, when the bag filter inlet temperature is equal to or higher than the reference temperature, the bag filter is kept in the bag filter ventilation state, and dust is put into the hopper,
Although the example of activating the induced air blowing mechanism after the sealing of the hopper opening with dust is completed, the induced air blowing mechanism may be activated prior to the introduction of the dust, and the dust may be introduced after that. When dust is already present in the dust hopper and the hopper opening is sealed with dust, opening the hopper lid 2b has almost no effect on the furnace pressure, and the bag filter is a bag filter. This is because the ventilating state is maintained, so that the contribution of the ventilation resistance of the bag does not cause a rapid increase in the furnace internal pressure due to the introduction of dust. <2> In the above embodiment, an example is shown in which, in the blower priority operation mode, the bag filter is switched to the bag filter ventilation state, and at the same time, the control of the induced blower mechanism is fixed. Instead of fixing the time constant, the time constant of the control mechanism may be temporarily changed to delay the response to a sudden change in the furnace pressure when dust is thrown in. The control constant of the attraction control mechanism may be temporarily changed by giving it in advance. For example, in PID control,
It is also effective to temporarily increase the I control constant and temporarily decrease the D control constant. In the above example, only one of the I control constant and the D control constant may be changed. <3> In the above embodiment, the exhaust gas passage switching mechanism 9
As described above, the flow path switching damper 9A that switches the path through which the combustion exhaust gas is passed to the bag filter and the path through which the bag filter is bypassed has been described, but the exhaust gas path switching mechanism 9 is limited to the flow path switching damper 9A. Instead, a damper mechanism may be used that opens and closes only the branch to the bypass path by utilizing the ventilation resistance of the bag of the bag filter. Of course, other flow path switching mechanisms can be used. <4> FIG. 1 shows an example in which an exhaust gas treatment device 4 including a bag filter 4a and a smoke washing device 4b is provided in the flue 3,
An example in which the bypass passage 3a for the bag filter 4a is provided as a bypass for the exhaust gas treatment device 4 has been shown. However, the bypass passage 3a is provided for the bag filter 4a.
It may also be provided so as to form a bypass for only. <5> In the above embodiment, an example is shown in which the suction filter thermometer is provided at the inlet of the exhaust gas passage switching mechanism provided at the inlet of the bag filter temperature detecting means. Other temperature detecting means may be provided at the position, a thermocouple thermometer provided at the flue near the inlet, or a thermistor thermometer may be provided. Any temperature detecting means can be used accordingly. In short, it is only necessary to be able to detect the gas temperature corresponding to the combustion exhaust gas temperature at the bag filter inlet. <6> In the above embodiment, an example in which the television camera provided on the ceiling wall above the dry zone is used as the dust seal detecting means, but other means can also be used, for example, a sonic distance meter. May be used to detect the distance of the dust hopper opening to the dust surface.If the detection distance is the distance to the bottom of the dust hopper or the pusher pushing surface in the retracted position, , It can be judged that the dust seal is not completed. Further, it may be a light detection device having an optical path that crosses the dust hopper opening, and the completion of the dust seal may be detected by blocking the optical path. <7> In the above embodiment, an example in which a water manometer-type fine differential pressure gauge is used as the furnace pressure detection means has been shown.
Other types of micro differential pressure gauges may be used, or other micro pressure gauges may be used. In short, the pressure inside the furnace is 1 absolute pressure
Any pressure detecting means in the furnace capable of detecting at the 00 Pa level may be used. It is preferable that the operation control means can automatically detect the detection result.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a refuse incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a control procedure for explaining an example of a control method of the refuse incinerator of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another control procedure of the method for controlling the refuse incinerator of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of another control procedure of the method for controlling the refuse incinerator of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional refuse incinerator.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a control procedure related to a conventional method for controlling a refuse incinerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Furnace 2 Dust Hopper 2a Opening of Dust Hopper to Furnace 2b Hopper Lid 3 Flume 3a Bypass 4a Bag Filter 5 Induced Blower 8 Heating Mechanism 9 Waste Gas Route Switching 20 Operation Control 21 Blower Control 22 Bug Filter Temperature detecting means 23 Dust seal detecting means

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location F23J 15/00 ZAB F23J 15/00 ZABZ

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A hopper lid (2b) capable of sealing the furnace (1) from the outside, and an opening (2a) to the furnace (1) at the lower end thereof. Garbage hopper (2) that receives the garbage thrown into the furnace (1)
A heating mechanism (8) for heating the furnace (1), a bag filter ventilation state for circulating and purifying combustion exhaust gas from the furnace (1), and a bag filter idle state for bypassing the combustion exhaust gas. A switchable bag filter (4a), an induced blower mechanism (5) for attracting the combustion exhaust gas from the downstream side of the bag filter (4a), and the induced blower mechanism (5) to control the furnace (1) In a refuse incinerator equipped with a furnace pressure control means for adjusting the internal pressure, the hopper lid (2b) is closed and the bag filter (4a) is held in the bag filter resting state, The induction blower mechanism (5) is operated, the furnace pressure is kept within a predetermined range by the furnace pressure control means, and the inlet temperature of the bag filter (4a) by the heating mechanism (8) is predetermined. After reaching the predetermined reference temperature, the operating conditions for the induction blower mechanism (5) by the furnace pressure control means are fixed, and the hopper lid (2b) is opened to put dust into the dust hopper (2). The bag filter (4a) is switched to the bag filter aeration state after detecting the completion of sealing of the opening (2a) by the dust introduced into the dust hopper (2), and the furnace pressure inside the furnace is controlled by the furnace pressure control means. A startup control method for a refuse incinerator that restarts control within a predetermined range. 2. When starting up the refuse incinerator, the bag filter (4a) is kept in the bag filter aeration state prior to the case where the inlet temperature of the bag filter (4a) is equal to or higher than the reference temperature. , The hopper lid (2
b) is opened, dust is thrown into the dust hopper (2), the opening (2a) is sealed by the dust thrown into the dust hopper (2), and then the draft blower mechanism (5).
2. The start-up control method for a refuse incinerator according to claim 1, wherein after the internal pressure of the furnace is maintained within a predetermined range by the internal pressure control means, heating by the heating mechanism (8) is started. 3. When starting up the refuse incinerator, the bag filter (4a) is kept in the bag filter aeration state prior to the case where the inlet temperature of the bag filter (4a) is equal to or higher than the reference temperature. The induction blower mechanism (5)
The waste hopper (2) by opening the hopper lid (2b).
The opening (2a) is sealed by introducing dust into the dust hopper (2) and the furnace internal pressure is kept within a predetermined range by the furnace internal pressure control means, and then the heating mechanism (8 ) The method for controlling startup of the refuse incinerator according to claim 1, wherein heating by (1) is started. 4. A hopper lid (2b) is provided at the lower end of the furnace (1) for opening to the furnace (1) and capable of sealing the furnace (1) against the outside air. A bag hopper (2) for receiving the dust input to the furnace (1) and a flue (3) as a discharge path of combustion exhaust gas from the furnace (1) are provided with a bag filter (4a) and the bag filter (4a). ), An induction blower mechanism (5) for inducing the combustion exhaust gas from a downstream side of the induction blower mechanism, and a blower mechanism control capable of controlling the induced blower mechanism (5) to keep the pressure in the furnace (1) within a predetermined range. Means (2
1), the flue (3) is provided with a bypass passage (3a) for the bag filter (4a), and the combustion exhaust gas is circulated through the bag filter (4a). The combustion exhaust gas is passed through the bypass passage (3
A waste incinerator in which an exhaust gas passage switching mechanism (9) capable of switching to a bag filter idle state for discharging via a) is disposed, wherein the opening (2a) is formed by the dust introduced from the dust hopper (2). ), A dust seal detecting means (23) for detecting the completion of sealing, and a bag filter temperature detecting means (22) for detecting the inlet temperature of the bag filter (4a) are provided, and for the operation of the induction blower mechanism (5). Priority is given to the bag filter (4) by the exhaust gas passage switching mechanism (9).
a) is switched to the bag filter ventilation state, the hopper lid (2b) is opened, dust is put into the dust hopper (2), and the attraction is detected based on the detection of the seal completion from the dust seal detection means (23). A bag filter priority operation mode in which the blower mechanism (5) is operated to start control of the induced blower mechanism (5) by the blower mechanism control means (21), and the bag filter is changed by the exhaust gas passage switching mechanism (9). In the state where (4a) is held in the bag filter resting state, the induction blower mechanism (5) is operated, and after the detected temperature of the bag filter temperature detecting means (22) reaches a preset reference temperature, The bag filter (4a) is switched to the bag filter aeration state by the exhaust gas passage switching mechanism (9), and the hopper lid (2b) is opened to remove the dust hopper. A duster is put into the lid (2), and based on the detection of the completion of the sealing, a blower priority operation mode in which control of the induced blower mechanism (5) by the blower mechanism control means (21) is started, and two types of standing modes are set. A startup operation control means (20) having a startup operation mode is provided, and when the temperature detected by the bag filter temperature detection means (22) is lower than the reference temperature, the startup operation mode is set to the blower priority operation. Garbage incinerator that can be switched to mode. 5. When starting up the refuse incinerator, if the temperature detected by the bag filter temperature detecting means (22) is equal to or higher than the reference temperature, the start-up operation mode is switched to the bag filter priority operation mode. The refuse incinerator according to claim 4, wherein the operation control means (20) is provided in the. 6. In the blower priority operation mode, the exhaust gas passage switching mechanism (9) switches the bag filter (4a) to the bag filter ventilation state, and at the same time, controls the blower mechanism control means (21). Is fixed to a stable operating condition set when the inside of the furnace (1) is maintained at a normal pressure, and the dust seal detection means (2
The operation control means (20) is configured so as to start the control of the induced blower mechanism (5) by the blower mechanism control means (21) based on the detection of the seal completion from 3). The waste incinerator described in 5. 7. In the bag filter priority operation mode, the blower mechanism control means (21) controls the induced blower mechanism (5) based on the detection of the seal completion from the dust seal detector (23). The refuse incinerator according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the operation control means (20) is configured to start.