JPH09287292A - Manufacture of metal skeleton for reinforced concrete and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To manufacture a metal skeleton for reinforced concrete saving labor power and time and provide its device. SOLUTION: The shape of a skeleton is preliminarily set by a control unit 30, a carriage on the upper stage is positioned, carriages on the middle stage and the lower stage are correlatively positioned, and rods 11a, 11b, 11c in the longitudinal direction are mounted on lateral support elements 13 connected to these carriages. A movable carriage supporting stirrups 12 is advanced and stopped at the position where the first stirrup 12 is arranged, the first stirrup 12 is removed from the carriage, it is mounted on the rods 11a in the longitudinal direction of the upper stage, and welding or fastening is applied. The carriages are restarted, and these actions are repeated. The lateral support elements 13 are retracted not to interfere with the movement of the stirrups 12.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a metal frame according to claim 1 for reinforced concrete. The invention also relates to a device for performing this method. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of manufacturing a metal framework comprising a plurality of longitudinal rods, bars, shaped pieces, circular pieces connected to one another by suitably longitudinally spaced ribs for reinforcement purposes. . The invention makes it possible to embody metal frameworks of any desired cross-section, such as open or closed squares, rectangles, circles, T-shapes, triangular cross-sections and the like. The invention applies to the production of a framework for reinforcement purposes of at least 6-7 m in length and at least 0.5 m in width.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The state of this technology is
Includes metal frameworks for strengthening concrete when making columns, beams, and other structural elements with load-bearing features, or also called lattices. These metal frameworks consist of multiple longitudinal rods, such as rods, circular pieces and molded pieces, the number of which depends on the calculation of the load bearing capacity of the beam or column to which the framework is applied. The longitudinal rods are connected to each other by a plurality of transverse ribs that are longitudinally spaced.

The ribs are usually regular or irregular polygons, circles or other shapes of closed cross-section or cross-section open on only one side that form the required metal framework shape. Composed of shapes. The longitudinal rods are located inside the ribs, and sometimes outside, and are usually, but not necessarily, fixed to the corners, usually by welding or tightening.

In the state of the art, the manufacture of these frameworks is almost always done by hand, since it is difficult to automate the execution of work steps, even if only partially. The most common step is to mount the longitudinal rods on a stepladder that is appropriately spaced from each other. The rods are laterally spaced apart from each other, but this is done by hand and roughly, and therefore the reference plane of the framework is formed without ensuring high accuracy.

The ribs are manually placed on the lengthwise rod, one or both ends, one at a time, and placed in a preset position for fixation on the rod. The rod and the ribs are then joined to each other by welding or clamping and the partial frame thus produced is raised and a further rod is inserted by hand, which should be placed on a different horizontal plane. These rods are again joined by welding or clamping to the ribs thus arranged.

[0006] It is obvious that this process is accompanied by some drawbacks and operational problems, and often makes the operation difficult for the operator. First, the height of the supporting stepladder
It determines the working height that the operator operates and sometimes forces welding and tightening to be performed in an uncomfortable position. Furthermore, it is up to the operator to position the ribs in the correct position.
It forces the ribs to lift the rod to pass the ribs when they arrive near the stepladder that supports them.

Furthermore, the operator must in each case measure the distance at which the ribs are to be placed, which leads to inaccuracies and forces the operator to carry the measuring tool for additional work. Become. Furthermore, the work of inserting the rods after the first rods have been fixed to the costal muscles is very difficult, since some of these rods are over 10 m long. .

As a result, the place for assembling the skeleton requires a working space which is at least twice the lengthwise dimension of the skeleton to be manufactured. Furthermore, it has the disadvantage that there is no precise reference point for locating these additional rods in different horizontal planes of the skeleton,
This leads to errors and inaccuracies in the manufacture of the frame, as well as to work difficulties and time.

The solution is disclosed by using a table on which a supporting ferrule for inserting all the circular rods arranged in the same plane is fixed. However, these ferrules, like the stepladder described above, play a simple role in locating some of the rods and the ribs. Alternatively, a stationary table is also used, on which spring catches for fixing and positioning the ribs are arranged.

Italian Patent No. B094A000053
No. 1 discloses a method of manufacturing a metal frame, which first comprises making a preliminary frame, which has a plurality of costal ribs arranged in parallel planes which are appropriately separated, At least two auxiliary longitudinal rods are connected to the outside of the. When this preliminary skeleton is made, the longitudinal rods necessary to complete the skeleton according to specific needs are inserted at a later stage.

This solution makes it possible, on the one hand, to automate some of the steps, while on the other hand, the tightening is eliminated because the ribs are already fixed and separated by welding to an auxiliary rod. Being able to do so reduces labor and time in relation to each other, but introduces several similar drawbacks.

First, the auxiliary rod was not considered by the designer as a weld of the point or as an additional weight when calculated by the designer, and this fact increases the cost of manufacturing the frame and the rod and Induces a reduction in the spacing between the outer concrete, but this reduction has not been considered by the designer.

Moreover, the spare frame, when made, must be moved from the machine and carried out of the way of manufacture. Also, after the preliminary skeleton is created, there are well-known longitudinal rod insertion and associated tightening / welding difficulties that occur in the traditional manner. In addition to this, the insertion of these additional rods is very complicated, especially if the ribs are in close proximity to one another, the operator normally draws between the two adjacent ribs to pull the rod. This is even more difficult as the space is manipulated, and this fact causes further difficulties.

PCT No. WO-A-87 / 05544 describes a machine for the production of metal frames for reinforced concrete having a stationary workbench for the assembly of ribs. This stationary workbench is a place to store the ribs,
It has a place for pre-reservation, which is rotated around the pins and replaced.

The longitudinal rods are progressively advanced inside the ribs and welded in a fixed position located immediately downstream of the stationary workbench where the ribs are stored. However, this solution does not solve the problem of the space occupied by the machine making the skeleton, since it is twice as large as the size of the skeleton being manufactured. Furthermore, this solution is very difficult to work because it has to move longitudinally while forming the skeleton, and the skeleton increases in weight as the ribs are added sequentially. Accompanied by.

Federal Republic of Germany DE-A-33246
No. 78 discloses the above-mentioned WO-A-87 / 05544.
The solution is basically the same as that of the publication. It has a work table on which the ribs are piled up and a welding table, both of which are basically immobile. Longitudinal rods are inserted between the ribs, the ribs are welded or clamped to them and the parts of the skeleton thus obtained are displaced longitudinally. This DE-A-3324678 discloses all of the above mentioned drawbacks, especially in terms of the working space occupied by the machine and the difficulty of moving the gradually formed framework in the longitudinal direction. Have

[0017]

The Applicant has designed, tested and embodied the present invention to overcome these drawbacks, which are still sometimes the objection of those skilled in the art. The invention is set forth and characterized in each main claim, and the dependent claims describe variants of the idea of the main embodiment. The object of the present invention is to obtain a method and a device for the production of metal frames for reinforced concrete, which simplifies the work and saves a great deal of manpower and time.

A further object of the invention is to automate the steps of locating the costal ribs and locating the longitudinal rods, on the one hand, to improve the accuracy of the final product and, on the other hand, to waste time. It is to free the operator from repeated measurements that lead to unavoidable mistakes when connected and long lasting. Another object of the invention is to obtain a device that dramatically reduces the space occupied in the factory and forms a reinforcing metal framework that requires only the same working space as the framework being formed. . A further object of the invention is to obtain a method in which the longitudinal rods, once positioned, do not move throughout the entire process of forming the skeleton.

[0019]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides for all longitudinal rods that make up a skeleton to be properly laterally spaced in advance by an automated procedure to provide the skeleton of the skeleton from which these rods are manufactured. Depending on the type, it is provided that it is already arranged corresponding to the specific horizontal plane that is basically arranged.

These longitudinal rods are supported by appropriately spaced lateral supports, the number and spacing of which depends on the length of the longitudinal rods to be encased and the length of the frame to be formed. . These supports consist of lateral rods of shelves or similar means performing a similar function. These supports are movable with respect to the vertical plane and axially movable in order to correctly position the longitudinal rods at different heights depending on the framework to be formed.

There is a structure in which a movable carriage is supported above these supports for the longitudinal rods and is movably leveled. The ribs, which are progressively fixed to the longitudinal rods to form a skeleton, are aligned on the carriage. The moveable carriage has a support arm which serves to lift the upper or upper side of the costal rib, which must be longitudinally spaced and in proper position to form the framework, into a hanging position. As previously mentioned, the ribs can have any desired shape.

According to the method of the present invention, the movable carriage lifting the ribs after the longitudinal rods are placed at different heights defined by the corresponding lateral support positions. Begin to move on a plane that is essentially parallel to the horizontal plane of the longitudinal rod and progressively place the costal muscles in a fixed position on the longitudinal rod. According to the invention, the movable carriage stops as soon as it arrives at the position corresponding to the first arrangement of the costal ribs, which can be determined by a control program controlling the operation of the movable carriage, according to the invention. Remove the ribs from the support arm and place them on the upper lengthwise rod to allow the initial welding or tightening.

The moveable carriage is moved to a position corresponding to the placement of the second costal streak, stopped there and the process of fixing the costal to the rod is repeated. This process is repeated for all ribs needed to complete the skeleton,
Usually, the number is equal to the number of ribs on the moveable carriage.

In this step, the upper height longitudinal rod must be placed in the correct reference position, which is adjusted at the start by the subjective choice of the machine operator, but thereafter: At least it should be borne in mind that it will remain constant until the welding of all the upper longitudinal rods and ribs is complete.
However, the rod at a lower height is placed in a raised position from its position above the costal muscle. This allows the ribs to be moved along the rod without contact and / or obstacle problems.

The ribs are fed anteriorly at a position slightly higher than the upper longitudinal rods and allowed to pass without any problems while at the same time allowing the operator of the machine to move and position the ribs. I try not to cause a problem in the operation. The support is retracted to allow passage of the moveable carriage as the moveable carriage carrying the ribs gradually approaches the lengthwise position of the support for the lengthwise rod.

Upon completion of at least some welding or tightening of the ribs to the upper longitudinal rods, the supports that lifted the middle and / or lower rods are lowered, the middle and / or Place the lower rod on the ribs. Therefore, these rods are already in the welding or tightening position and are appropriately spaced from each other, and the operator has nothing to do but welding or tightening on the ribs. In this process, the lateral supports, and thus all carriages lifting the longitudinal rods, are conveniently raised, but the choice of the machine operator allows these rods to be lifted in possibly separate steps. It is placed at the optimum height to assist welding or tightening work.

A movable carriage that supports the ribs,
All movement and positioning of the carriage, which is integral with the lateral rods and carries the longitudinal rods, is controlled by the control unit of the device. In this way, movement and positioning can be set up according to the type of costal muscle, and the movement and positioning of such costal muscle and longitudinal rod that must be performed by the same type of costal muscle are remembered. And can be reproduced. In this way, the manual labor of the operator is basically reduced to lowering the ribs from the carriage and welding or tightening the longitudinal rods.

[0028]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The apparatus 10 shown in FIGS. 1-3 has the purpose of producing a reinforced concrete-like metal framework, which is a longitudinally spaced transverse rib bar 12.
And a plurality of lengthwise rods or round bars 11 coupled to the. Here, the description refers to a closed T-shaped metal framework that places the longitudinal rods at three heights at each corner within the transverse ribs 12. In this embodiment, the upper longitudinal rod 11a, the middle longitudinal rod 11b, and the lower longitudinal rod 11c.
Can be defined. The device 10 can likewise be used to fabricate a framework having any desired shape, such as polygonal, circular, grid-like.

All the longitudinal rods 11a, 11b, 11c necessary for the production of the framework are arranged at the beginning of the process, in this case on a support element consisting of transverse rods 13 to form the framework. It remains fixed in that position for the whole duration. The transverse rods 13 are arranged in longitudinally spaced groups, each group having a certain number, in this case three, of inserted transverse rods, this number being the longitudinal rods. It corresponds to the horizontal plane where 11a, 11b and 11c are arranged, or the horizontal height. These groups of transverse rods 13 can easily be removed if it is desired to obtain a shorter framework or a differently shaped framework.

In this example, the lateral rods 13 are support poles 20 spaced apart according to the length, weight and cross section of the longitudinal rods 11a, 11b, 11c.
It is arranged in. The spacing between the support poles 20 is such that the lateral rods 13 of a certain group are retracted and the longitudinal rods 11a, 11b, 11c are supported only by the groups arranged upstream and downstream of the group retracted. Also in the longitudinal direction, the rods 11a, 11
It is decided so that a well-balanced and safe support of b and 11c can be secured.

These lateral rods 13 are engaged with respect to each support pole 20 by a vertically movable carriage 14 consisting of 14a, 14b and 14c. These vertically displaceable carriages move lateral rod 13 upwards to the desired height (15 depending on the type of skeleton manufactured and the ribs used.
It is possible to place a) or downward (15b). In this case, the lengthwise rods 11a, 11b,
The positioning of the carriage 14 is automated and controlled by the control unit 30 in order to automatically define the position of the 11c depending on the type of skeleton to be manufactured.

Furthermore, the lateral rods 13 can be retracted in the direction 16 and at the position 13a the inner longitudinal rod 11 closest to the support pole 20.
You can make it be beyond your reach. More precisely, in this case, each carriage 14a, 14b, 14c has means 31 engaged with a corresponding lateral rod 13 for moving it axially, which are directed by the control unit 30. Follow

The device 10 comprises an upper longitudinal rod 11
above a, a support for a movable carriage 18,
It has a moving mechanism 17. The support / movement mechanism 17 is a rail,
It comprises guides, supports, and other items required depending on the type, form, and size of the movable carriage 18. In this case, the movable carriage 18 supports the moving and moving mechanism 1.
It is attached protruding from 7.

The movable carriage 18 is adapted to move on a plane which is basically parallel to and above the plane in which the rods 11a in the upper longitudinal direction are arranged. In this case, the movable carriage 18
Has a support arm 19 on which most of the ribs 12 required to manufacture the metal frame are attached.
It is suspended and loaded so that it rests on the upper side of 9. The support arm 19 is the upper rod 11a in the longitudinal direction.
It is placed at a position slightly higher than the plane defined by.

At the beginning of the process, the machine operator presets the type of framework, or shelf, to be manufactured. With this setting, the control unit 30 causes the carriage 14, especially the
The exact position where the carriage 14a associated with the upper longitudinal rod 11a must be located to ensure an optimal working environment for the type of skeleton to be manufactured and / or the worker performing the welding or tightening. It is decided according to the special requirements of each machine operator.

The carriages 14b and 14c are positioned to match the position of the carriage 14a, depending on the form of the frame to be manufactured. In this respect, the movable carriage 18
Is moved to the position of the head of the device 10 and all longitudinal rods 11 are placed on the corresponding lateral rods. The moveable carriage 18 is then advanced, providing a progressive placement of the ribs 12 between the longitudinal rods.

The movable carriage 18 is the first rib 1
When a predetermined position corresponding to the arrangement of 2 is reached,
The control unit 30 stops it. The ribs are moved by a movable arm 19 and placed on the upper longitudinal rod 11a. At this stage, the machine operator welds or tightens the ribs 12. Movable carriage 18 is then restarted to reach the location of the next rib 12 placement.

As the movable carriage 18 encounters the lateral rods 13, the rods 13a
Is retracted to the position to prevent contact with the ribs 12.
This process is repeated until all ribs 12 have been placed in a predetermined position with respect to the longitudinal rod 11.

In the variant of the invention shown in FIG. 2, a transverse rod 113 is provided which provides at least temporary support, the movable carriage 18 being advantageously in the direction of advancement of the carriage 18. The leading end is fixed below the carriage 18. These lateral rods have the purpose of supporting the upper longitudinal rods 11a when the lateral rods 13 are retracted so that the movable carriage 18 can pass through the ribs 12.

In fact, in the situation in which the lateral rods 13 are retracted, the spacing of the support poles 20 is such that the longitudinal rods 11 are present with the ribs ejected when the intermediate support is already missing. It is intended that the effective support of the rod 11 in the longitudinal direction is lost when it is further loaded by.

Having these lateral rods 113 advancing with the moveable carriage makes it possible not to reduce the spacing between the two support poles, since there is such a reduction. This is because the cycle becomes complicated and the capacity of the device is delayed and reduced.

The upper longitudinal rod 11a is basically arranged at a height corresponding to the reference height of the metal frame,
The middle rod 11b and the lower rod 11c are kept slightly above the corresponding sides of the costal muscles so that they do not interfere with the forward movement of the costal muscles.

According to a variant, after most of the ribs have been lowered onto the upper longitudinal rods and fixed there, the control unit 30 is arranged with the middle rod 11b and the lower rods. The carriage 14b and / or 14c engaged with the lateral rods supporting the rod 11c is lowered.

In this manner, the rods 11b and 11c are placed inside the ribs 12 that have already been placed. then,
Carriage 14a, 14b, 14c so that the middle rod 11b and the lower rod 11c are brought to a position where it is easy to carry out all the necessary welding and tightening steps to complete the manufacturing of the skeleton. Are all raised in advance, possibly in separate steps.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an apparatus for forming a metal frame according to the present invention.

2 is a partial side view of the device of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partial front view seen along the line AA in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 ... lengthwise rod 11a ... upper lengthwise rod 11b ... middle lengthwise rod 11c ... lower lengthwise rod 12 ... ribs 13 ... lateral rod 14 ... carriage (vertical direction) 17) Support / moving mechanism 18 ... Carriage (movable in the length direction) 19 ... Support arm 20 ... Support pole 30 ... Control unit 113 ... Lateral rod

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of longitudinal rods (11) connected to transverse ribs (12) that are properly spaced apart in the longitudinal direction.
a, 11b, 11c), said longitudinal rods (11a, 11b, 11c) being arranged on at least two different height frames, said ribs (12) being polygonal,
A method of manufacturing a grid or metal framework for reinforced concrete having a control unit (30) that can have a T-shape, a circle, or any other desired shape, the shape of the framework being the control unit (30). With at least the step of positioning the upper carriage (14a) to determine the maximum working height depending on the skeleton configuration and functionally correlating with the positioning of the upper carriage (14a). Positioning the middle carriage (14b) and / or the lower carriage (14c) by means of a longitudinal rod on a lateral support element (13) connected to the carriage (14a, 14b, 14c). (11
a, 11b, 11c) at different heights, and a movable carriage (18) supporting a desired number of ribs (12) is attached to the rods (11a, 11b, 1) in the substantially longitudinal direction.
1c) positioning it with its tip, advancing the moveable carriage (18) to the position where the first costal rib (12) is placed, and stopping the moveable carriage (18). , The first rib (12) is movable by the operator (1
8) Remove it, place it on the upper lengthwise rod (11a) and perform welding or tightening, and restart the movable carriage (18) to the next rib (12). And fixing the ribs (12) on the upper longitudinal rod (11a) of the movable carriage (18). A method comprising controlling to retract the lateral support element (13) at a certain time. 2. A carriage (13) connected to a lateral support element (13) supporting a middle longitudinal rod (11b) and a lower longitudinal rod (11c) in an initial presetting step. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that 14b, 14c) are arranged in a vertical position at a position slightly elevated above a horizontal plane defined at least inside the ribs (12). 3. The carriage (14) of the middle stage when at least a part of the ribs (12) has been welded or tightened to the corresponding longitudinal rod (11a) of the upper stage.
b) and / or the lower carriage (14c) for mounting the corresponding middle length rod (11b) and lower length rod (11c) inside the ribs (12) It descends, The claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 4. A plurality of longitudinal rods (11) connected to transverse ribs (12) that are properly spaced apart in the longitudinal direction.
a, 11b, 11c), said longitudinal rods (11a, 11b, 11c) being arranged in the framework at least two different heights, said ribs (12) being polygonal, T-shaped A device for producing a grid or a metal framework for reinforced concrete, which may have a circular, circular or other desired shape, comprising a plurality of lateral support elements (13) and a movable carriage (18). A support / movement structure (17) for controlling, a control unit (30), said plurality of lateral support elements (13) being associated with at least vertically movable means for supporting a longitudinal rod. Transversely-separated and longitudinally-spaced lateral support elements connected to a carriage (14a, 14b, 14c) form a group, said support-movement structure (17) The direction of the rod (1
The movable carriage (18) is arranged on a plane above and parallel to the plane on which the (1) is arranged.
2) having at least one support arm (19) for lifting it into a suspended position, moving on a parallel plane above the upper plane on which the longitudinal rods (11) are arranged, ) Is arranged to stop near a longitudinal position which is located on the longitudinal rod (11), said control unit (30) at least the ribs (12) being longitudinal. Device for controlling the movement of a movable carriage (18) when placed on a rod (11) of the. 5. The control unit (30) further comprises at least carriages (14a, 14a) in the pre-arrangement stage.
5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that it controls the vertical positioning of b, 14c). 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit (30) further controls the retraction of the lateral support elements (13) at least when there is interference with the forward movement of the movable carriage (18). Either 4 or 1
The device according to item. 7. The lateral support element (13) is characterized in that it has an extended support position (13) and a retracted position (13a) functionally related to the passage of the movable carriage (18). The device according to any one of claims 4 to 6. 8. A means (31) for axially moving the lateral support element (13), said means (31) being adapted for vertically positioning the lateral support element (13). 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that it is associated with a carriage (14a, 14b, 14c) that operates. 9. A movable carriage (18) has lateral support means (113) for temporarily supporting the upper longitudinal rod (11a), said support means (11).
3) is independently fixed to the carriage (18), and the positioning surface of the upper longitudinal rod (11a) and the lower part are the same. The apparatus according to item 1.