JPH09224469A - Method and facilities for hydroponics for tomato - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydroponic method for tomato with which the crop per unit area throughout the year is increased, high-quality fruits can be harvested throughout the year and labor can be easily distributed. SOLUTION: One of culture beds 1 composed of two lines of beds is used as a cropping bed and the other bed is used as a no-cultivation bed. Then, seedlings 4a of tomatos are finally transplanted in the cropping bed, and the trunks of seedlings 4a are almost equally distributed and induced above both the sides of lengthwise direction of the culture bed 1. In the season when non- ripening fruits are left at the top end parts of trunks of the seedlings of tomatos, the whole trunks of seedlings grown above the side part on the side of the no-cultivation bed are moved to above the side part of the culture bed 1 on the side of the cropping bed and pulled down. Since the no-cultivation bed is arranged into cropping bed, the seedlings 4a of tomatos are finally transplanted into the bed and the trunks of seedlings 4a are equally distributed above both the sides of the culture bed 1, tomatos are alternately cultivated while partially overlapping the term of culture in two lines of beds.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for hydroponic cultivation of tomatoes and equipment used for those hydroponic cultivations. Here, the hydroponic culture refers to a cultivation method in which a nutrient solution containing fertilizer nutrients necessary for the growth of tomatoes is introduced into a cultivation bed and the tomatoes are planted and grown in a state of being immersed in the nutrient solution. Hydroponic culture includes hydroponic culture in which only the nutrient solution is supplied to the bed, and culture medium culture in which pebbles, sand, rock wool, and other water-retaining medium materials are laid on the bed, and the nutrient solution is supplied to this medium material. However, the present invention can be implemented in any of them.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional hydroponic cultivation method for tomatoes and its equipment will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13 in accordance with an example of hydroponic cultivation. The groove-shaped cultivation bed 1 installed in a house (a glass house or a greenhouse that is a greenhouse) is not cleaned, and a nutrient solution (a predetermined fertilizer or the like is melted into the inside thereof) from a nutrient solution tank (not shown) through a water supply pipe. Water (1a) is circulated in a predetermined cycle. The circulating nutrient solution is replenished in the nutrient solution tank as needed. In the house, for example, in winter, the temperature is kept at around 12 ° C. at night and at 24 ° C. during daytime. At a low level above the cultivation bed 1, a seedling support member 2 in which rods, ropes, strings and the like are stretched in parallel along the length direction of the bed 1 is provided. Upper level of the cultivation bed 1 (2 m from the road surface)
At the front and rear levels, beam rods 3 that are substantially orthogonal to the cultivation bed 1 are installed at predetermined intervals, and at the upper part of the beam rods 3, the beam rods 3 of the bed 1 are placed at positions corresponding to both sides of the bed 1. Each attraction bar 3a, 3b along the length direction is attached.

Usually, seedlings are grown in a first nursery bed (not shown) until they grow to some extent after sowing, and then transplanted to a second nursery bed, and the stem portion excluding the root zone grows to a length of about 50 cm and then cultivated. Planted in bed 1. At the location of the inventor's farm (same as the address), from the first sowing to the nursery bed to the second
It takes about 12 days in the summer until it is transplanted to the nursery,
It is around 16 days in winter, and the raising period in the second nursery is
About 20 days in summer and 45 days in winter.

For the cultivation bed 1, for example, a covered metal wire covered with a flexible synthetic resin film or the like is used, and the trunk is soaked with the lower half of the root region soaked in the nutrient solution. The seedlings 4a are planted in two rows in a manner to be attached to. After planting, a guide string 3c such as vinyl tape is tied to the trunk of the seedling 4a, and each guide string 3c is extended and tied in the direction of the left and right attraction bars 3a and 3b. After that, the trunks of the seedlings 4a are attracted (guided) along the guide string 3c to the left and right attraction bars 3a, 3b in a substantially evenly distributed state.

The first of the conventional cultivation methods is commonly called two-year cultivation, in which the stems of the plants grown from the seedling 4a are 18
At the time of extension to about 0 cm, the core is cut off to stop the extension. The fruit of the cluster of fruits that sequentially develops from the lower part of the stem of the strain usually matures (bears) from the fruit of the cluster of the lower cluster of fruits, and thus the fruits are harvested in the order of maturity. Then, when the harvesting of the fruit of the last fruit cluster of the stem ends, each guide string 3c is removed from the stem of each plant, all the plants including the root zone are removed from the cultivation bed 1, and the cultivation bed 1 is removed. After cleaning (updating),
The next seedling 4a is planted in the same manner as described above. According to the above procedure, the cultivation bed 1 at the same position is cultivated twice a year.

The second of the conventional cultivation methods is commonly called long-term multi-stage harvest cultivation. As shown in FIG. 13, when the stem of the plant 4 grown from the seedling 4a extends to the vicinity of the upper beam rod 3, The guide string 3c is loosened from the attraction bars 3a and 3b, and the trunk is lowered (slipped down) until the tip of the trunk falls to a predetermined level, and the guide string 3c is tied again to the attraction bars 3a and 3b. After that, the fruits of the fruit cluster 40 are harvested in the order of maturity (the fruit clusters below the trunk are sequentially harvested), and the harvested fruit cluster and its neighboring leaves are removed from the trunk. Then, every time the trunk tip of the stock 4 extends to the vicinity of the beam rod 3, the seedlings are planted once a year and cultivated all year round in the manner that the trunk is slid down as described above. Finally, the harvested plants are removed and the cultivation beds are cleaned (updated).
Then, seedlings are similarly planted in the bed.

[0007]

According to the first conventional method, since the tomatoes are cultivated twice a year in the cultivation bed 1 at the same position as described above, the seedlings planted in the cultivation bed grow and are harvested. The period until it becomes possible (around 50 days in summer, around 80 days in winter) is almost doubled as compared with the second method, and the harvest period is relatively short. As a result, the annual number of fruit bunches per strain (the number of fruits per fruit bun is 3 to 5) is about 15 bunches, and the harvest amount per unit area is relative. However, there was a problem that the number would decrease.
In addition, there are two unharvested periods throughout the year,
In order to shorten each unharvested period, it is necessary to remove the strains and clean the cultivation beds (replanting) within the shortest period of time after the first cultivation, which is almost manual work. However, there was a problem that the required labor was concentrated during this period (which causes an imbalance in labor allocation).

According to the second conventional method, the plant after planting the seedlings finally has a length of about 7 m, and the number of annual fruit clusters per plant is 20 to 23 fruit clusters. Although the yield per harvest is larger than that of the first method, there is a problem that it is difficult to continuously harvest good quality fruits because it is difficult to control the vigor due to aging of the strain. Also, the unharvested period is almost half compared to the first method, but the concentration of required labor at the time of replanting is not eliminated, and moreover, the above-mentioned trunk sliding work is performed about 10 times throughout the year. Since it has to be done, there is a problem that the amount of work increases.

[0009] The object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned two-year cultivation, to obtain a larger amount of crop per unit area throughout the year, and to obtain higher quality fruits throughout the year, and to allocate labor. It is to provide a hydroponic cultivation method for tomatoes that is easier. Another object of the present invention is to provide a facility for hydroponics that can better achieve the above-mentioned object.

[0010]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The inventor demands to secure a necessary cultivation area per plant in cultivating tomatoes, rather than to the root zone development of tomatoes, to ensure sufficient lighting of the above-ground parts of the tomatoes. Focused on the need. And, in a state where the lighting of the tomato above ground is not blocked,
The present invention has been completed by creating an environment in which the above-mentioned tomatoes and later-stage tomatoes can coexist at the same time during cultivation. The present invention is configured as follows to solve the above-mentioned problems.

The method for hydroponic tomato cultivation according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises a cultivation bed consisting of two beds which are parallel to each other in the lengthwise direction, wherein one of the two beds is a planting bed and the other is a fallow bed. , Is characterized in that tomatoes are cultivated alternately as described below. That is, tomato seedlings are planted at a predetermined interval in a planting bed, and during the period from this planting until the trunk of the seedling extends to some extent, the trunks of the seedlings are substantially evenly extended upward on both sides in the length direction of the cultivation bed. Each of them, and when the stem of the tomato extends to a predetermined length, the core of the stem is cut off to stop the extension, and at the time when immature fruit remains at the tip of the stem of the tomato. , The whole trunk of the tomatoes extending above the side part of the cultivation bed on the side of the fallow bed is moved to the upper part of the side of the cultivation bed on the side of the cultivation bed, and the fallow bed is adjusted to a new cultivation bed and the bed is concerned. Hemato tomato seedlings are planted at predetermined intervals, from the time of planting the seedlings to the new planting bed, until the trunk of the seedlings extends for a predetermined length, the stems of the newly planted seedlings are The cultivation bed To attract each distributed substantially uniformly to the longitudinal sides upward. The hydroponic cultivation method according to claim 2, wherein in the hydroponic cultivation method according to claim 1, the whole trunk of the tomato extending above the side part on the fallow bed side is a side part on the planting bed side in the cultivation bed. It is characterized in that the tomato trunks of the original planting bed are lowered to a predetermined level between the time of moving them upward and the time when the trunks of the seedlings planted in the new planting bed extend for a predetermined length. .

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for hydroponic cultivation of tomatoes, which comprises a cultivating bed composed of two beds which are parallel to each other in a lengthwise direction, and the cultivating bed at a predetermined level position above both sides of the cultivating bed. A pair of rotating shafts installed substantially horizontally along the length direction of the rotating shafts and provided with a rotation restraining means for stopping the rotation if necessary, and a plurality of ropes partially wound around the rotating shafts. , Each of the attraction bars suspended by the rope corresponding to each of the rotating shafts. According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided the fertilizer culture equipment according to the third aspect, which is provided with another attraction bar having hooks and other attachment / detachment means so as to correspond to each rotary shaft.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION With reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, an embodiment of tomato hydroponics equipment according to the present invention will be described according to an example suitable for hydroponics. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hydroponic equipment, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged plan view of the hydroponic equipment of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a front view of a rotation restraining means of a rotary shaft,
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the arrow AA of FIG.

A cultivation bed 1 is installed along a ridge 1b in a house (not shown). The cultivating bed 1 is foamed and molded in a gutter shape having a predetermined width by using Styrofoam or other foamable synthetic resin, and a block 12 arranged continuously in the flow direction, and a foam placed in the center of the block 12 in the length direction. It is composed of a partition wall 13 made of a material and a thick vinyl covering sheet 14 laid on the upper surface thereof. The cultivating bed 1 is composed of the partition walls 13 described above.
The first bed 10 and the second are water channels for hydroponics, respectively.
The bed 11 is divided into

Polyethylene 15 is provided to prevent deciduous leaves and other spoilage from entering the cultivating bed 1 and to keep the cultivating bed 1 warm in the winter and to shield the cultivating bed 1 in the summer. Sheets and other cover sheets. The cover sheet 15 includes the first bed 1
Holes or cuts 16 through which the trunks of tomato seedlings 4a described later pass are formed so as to correspond to 0 and above the second bed 11.

The support rods 20 slightly floating from the cultivation bed 1 are fixed to the pillars 51 standing on both sides of the ridge 1b at predetermined intervals so as to intersect the cultivation bed 1. Has been done. A seedling support member 2 made of a synthetic resin band is attached to each of the support rods 20 in each of the beds 10 and 1.
1 above and parallel to each other.

Beam rods 3 are attached to the pillars 51 by clamps 52 at a predetermined distance upward and about 200 cm from the cultivation bed 1 so as to be substantially orthogonal to the cultivation bed 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, rotating shafts 5 and 5a made of metal pipes are attached to the beam rod 3 located at a required portion in a state of being located above both sides of the cultivation bed 1.

The rotating shafts 5 and 5a are rotatably supported by cylindrical bearings 50 fixed to the required beam rod 3 by clamps 53, and normally, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The rotation restraining means 54 fixes the beam 50 on which the bearings 50 are not installed in a non-rotatable state. The rotation restraining means 54 in this embodiment has a clamp structure similar to that of the clamp 53, and includes the rotation shaft 5,
A metal shell 54a having a substantially U-shaped cross section capable of accommodating 5a;
It is composed of a wedge metal fitting 54b. Notches 54d for guiding the beam rod 3 are formed in both leg plates 54c, 54c of the metal shell 54a, and the lower ends of each notch 54d have claws protruding in opposite directions as shown in FIG. Piece 54
e, 54e are formed. And the metal shell 54a
The rotating shafts 5 and 5a are guided inside, and the beam bar 3 is guided to the notch 54d of each leg plate 54c and 54c. In this state, the wedge metal fitting 54 is provided between the claw pieces 54e and 54e and the beam bar 3.
By driving b, the rotary shafts 5 and 5a are moved to the beam rod 3
It is fixed in a non-rotatable state.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotary shafts 5 and 5 are
A rope (including a wire) 6 is wound around at least two points a, and each rope 6 has a first attracting bar 7 made of a metal pipe so as to correspond to each rotating shaft 5, 5a. , 7a are suspended. Reference numeral 8 in FIG. 1 is a second attraction bar provided so as to correspond to the first attraction bars 7 and 7a, respectively. The second attraction bar 8 has a hook made of metal or synthetic resin. The attaching / detaching means 80 is fixed and can be attached / detached to / from the first attraction bar 7, 7a, the rotating shafts 5, 5a, the beam rod 3, and the like.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a simple rotation transmission device 9 for rotating the rotary shafts 5 and 5a.
The rotation transmission device 9 includes a strut 91 for strut and a speed reducer 90 fixed to the upper end of the strut 91. From the speed reducer 90, the input shaft 9 extends in the direction along the strut 91.
0a in the direction perpendicular to the input shaft 90a
Each b is protruding. The pillar 91 is composed of a main pillar 91a made of a metal pipe and a slide pillar 91b partially slidably inserted into a lower end portion of the main pillar 91a. The main pillar 91a and the slide pillar 91b include a push screw 91a.
It is configured to be fixed to each other by c. When rotating the rotary shafts 5 and 5a, the wedge metal fitting 54b of the rotation restraining means 54 is punched out from the leg plates 54c and 54c of the metal shell 54a, so that the output shaft 90b of the speed reducer 90 and the end portions of the rotary shafts 5 and 5a. Is connected by a screw 92, and the output shaft of a handy drive machine (not shown) equipped with an electric motor is connected to the input shaft 90a and rotated.

Examples of hydroponics method Next, referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 6 to 10, an example of a method for hydroponic tomato cultivation using the cultivation equipment of the above-mentioned embodiment. While explaining. For example, the first bed 10 of the cultivating bed 1 is cleaned, and the nutrient solution 1a is poured into the cultivating bed 1 for planting, and the second bed 11 is used as a fallow bed. First
Seedlings 4a are planted in the bed 10 in a striped manner at regular intervals as shown in FIG. The seedling 4a guides its root portion through the cuts (or holes) 16 in the cover sheet 15 into the first bed 10, and covers the trunk of the seedling 4a so that the lower part of the root area is immersed in the nutrient solution 1a. The band-shaped seedling support member 2 is bound with a metal wire or the like.

After planting the seedlings 4a, one end of a guide tape 3c such as vinyl tape is tied to the trunk. FIG.
The other end of the guide string 3c tied to the seedling 4a on the right side of the first winding bar 7 is wound around the rotary shaft 5 by about two turns.
Connect to. The other end of the guide string 3c tied to the seedling 4a on the left side of the drawing is wound around the other rotating shaft 5a by about two turns and tied to the second attracting bar 8. At this time, the attracting bars 7 and 8 are rotated by the guide strings 3c.
It is kept at a level about 40 cm lower than the beam rod 3 while being hung on a.

Thereafter, the seedling 4a is expanded according to the elongation of the seedling 4a.
Are attracted along the respective guide strings 3c. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, when the seedling 4a grows and the trunk of the plant 4 extends up to around the beam rod 3, the attraction bars 7 and 8 are lifted up to near the beam rod 3. By lifting the attracting bars 7 and 8, the trunks of the stocks 4 are simultaneously slid down together with the guide strings 3c as shown in FIG. When a branch is generated from the trunk of each strain 4, the branch is picked and only the trunk is stretched. In this embodiment, the work of attaching the guide string 3c and the operation of attracting the trunk were performed from the time of planting the seedlings 4a as described above.
It may be carried out until a grows and extends to some extent (for example, about 1 m).

As shown in FIG. 7, when the stems of the stocks 4 have further extended to near the beam rod 3, the stem tips of the stocks 4 are cut off to stop the extension. In this way, the total length of the trunk when the extension of the trunk is stopped is about 210 to 220 cm. When the strain 4 further grows, the stems of the strain 4 successively grow from the lower part of the stem to grow fruit clusters 40, and the fruits of these fruit clusters 40 grow (mature) from the lower part of the stem. As described above, fruits are harvested in the order of maturity, and the harvested fruits and leaves in the vicinity thereof are removed from the trunk. As described above, from when the trunks of the respective stocks 4 are slid down to the state of FIG. 7 together with the guide strings 3c attached to them until the unharvested fruit bunches are left in the trunk tip. As shown in FIG. 8, the guide cords 3c wound around the rotary shafts 5 and 5a are respectively removed from the rotary shafts 5 and 5a, and their upper ends are connected to the attracting bars 7 and 8 again to form the second attracting bar. 8 is suspended by the attaching / detaching means 80 on the beam rod 3 or the rotating shaft 5a. The attraction bars 7 and 8 are
It is kept at a level near the beam 3.

When the fruits are harvested in the order in which they are produced, as shown in FIG. 9, the fruit cluster 40 of each strain 4 eventually remains in only the tip portion of the trunk. Then, when the remaining fruit cluster 40 of each strain 4 reaches, for example, about two fruit clusters, the attracting bar 8
Is moved toward the first attracting bar 7 on the right side, and the attaching / detaching means 8 is attached.
By 0, the second attraction bar 8 is suspended from the first attraction bar 7. In this state, the rotation inhibiting means 54 of the right rotary shaft 5 is removed, and the rotary shaft 5 is rotated in the unwinding direction of the rope 6 to simultaneously lower the trunks of the stocks 4 together with the attracting bars 7 and 8 to a predetermined level. As shown in FIG. 10, the lighting of the cultivation bed 1 from the upper space is not disturbed. First
Before lowering the trunk of stock 4 in bed 10 to the state shown in FIG.
The second bed 11 is prepared from the fallow state to the planting state (cleaned and the nutrient solution 1a is made to flow), and the second bed 11
The seedlings 4a are planted in the same manner as described above. After planting, the guide string 3c, the attraction bars 7a and 8 attached to the rotary shaft 5a, and the rotary shaft 5 are used to distribute the trunks of the new seedlings 4a to the upper sides of the cultivation bed 1 almost evenly. The tomatoes in the first bed 10 are harvested in the order in which they were grown, and when all the stocks 4 have been harvested, the stocks 4 are all removed and
The first bed 10 is a fallow bed. First bed 1
0 prepares for planting by cleaning before planting seedlings in the bed 10 next time.

After about 3 weeks (summer) to 6 weeks (winter) after the harvest of all the fruits of the strain 4 of the first bed 10, the seedling 4a of the second bed 11 grows and the strain thereof grows. Four
Fruits grow in the lower bunches of berries, and the time is right for harvesting. After that, the tomatoes are cultivated alternately in the first bed 10 and the second bed 11 by repeating the same as the above.

According to the above cultivation method, tomatoes can be cultivated approximately four times a year in the cultivation bed 1 having the same width as the conventional cultivation bed. For example, according to the above procedure, the seedling 4a is planted in the second bed 11 that has been planted at the time when about four fruit clusters of the plant 4 planted in the first bed 10 remain.
By cultivating soybeans, the tomatoes can be harvested in the second bed 11 when the tomatoes in the first bed 10 have been harvested.

In the above-described embodiment, after the seedlings 4a are planted in the planted second bed 11 and until the seedlings 4a of the second bed 11 grow to some extent, the trunk of the seedlings 4a is as described above. It doesn't matter if you don't attract. Also, the trunk of the stock 4 of the first bed can be carried out in the state of FIG. 9 without lowering it as in FIG. The reason for this is that the seedlings 40a of the second bed 11 are still small and there is no need to rush the attraction, and the number of fruit clusters of the strain 4 on the side of the first bed 10 is small, and The lighting is not so disturbed.

A first bed 10 and a second bed 10 as shown in FIG.
The length of the overlapping period of the planting in which both the bed 11 and the plant 11 are planting beds is such that when the seedlings 4a are planted in the second bed, the number of remaining fruit clusters of each strain 4 in the first bed 10 is 2 fruits. In the case of a bunch, it takes about 30 to 40 days. Even during the overlap period of the beds 10 and 11 in the cultivating bed 1, as described above, the light of the plant 4 and the seedling 4a of the cultivating bed 1 is not so disturbed, so that the ripening of the fruit of the strain 4 in the first bed 10 is performed. Alternatively, the growth of the seedling 4a in the second bed 11 is not hindered.

According to the cultivation method of the above-mentioned embodiment, the first bed 1 is kept under the condition that the lighting of the cultivation bed 1 is not disturbed.
Since the cropping can be overlapped between 0 and the second bed 11, the yield is increased as compared with the conventional method. According to the experiment, the number of fruit clusters per strain (the number of strains with 2 crops per year in the first bed 10 and the strain with 2 crops per year in the second bed 11 added) is 25 to 28 fruits. It is a bunch. By cultivating the seedlings and the grown strains in the cultivation bed for a period of time, the annual yield per unit area was increased by about 40% as compared with the conventional two-row cultivation. Further, since the strain 4 did not age due to the improved cultivation several times a year, and the vigor was easy to control, it was possible to harvest almost homogeneous tomatoes throughout the year.

In the above-mentioned cultivation method, the cultivation work of the fallow beds in the cultivation bed 1 (disposing of the harvested stocks, cleaning of the beds and supply of the nutrient solution) and the planting work of the seedlings can be carried out at different timings. As a result, the distribution of labor force has become much easier throughout the year. Also, since there was no work of downsizing each stock, the amount of work was reduced as a whole.

According to the cultivating equipment of the above-mentioned embodiment, the cultivating bed 1 is constituted by the beds 10 and 11, the rotary shafts 5 and 5a are provided above both sides of the cultivating bed 1, and the attracting bars are provided on these. The above cultivation method can be efficiently carried out. The stem of the strain attracted to the upper side of one side of the cultivation bed 1 can be moved to the other side of the bed 1 all at once by the movement of the second attracting bar, and when the stem of the strain 4 is lowered to a predetermined level, These operations can be performed very easily because they can be lowered all at once by rotating the rotary shaft 5 or 5a.

In the cultivation equipment of the above-mentioned embodiment, the beam rod 3 is supported by the column 51 standing on the side of the cultivation bed 1, and the rotating shafts 5 and 5a are attached to the beam rod 3. Instead of providing 51, the beam bar 3 can be attached to the support of the house. The rotating shafts 5 and 5a can also be implemented by being attached to, for example, a beam rod suspended from another frame member of the house. The supporting member 2 for supporting the trunk of the seedling 4a can be implemented by using a rod-shaped member instead of the band-shaped or string-shaped member as described above, or at a planting position of the seedling. Correspondingly, it is possible to use a perforated plate having holes through which the root region of the seedlings can pass, a net having a mesh having a size through which the root region can pass. In the above-described embodiment, one cultivation bed 1 is divided into two beds 10 and 11 by the partition wall 12, but it is also possible to install independent beds having narrow widths in two rows. Instead of configuring the cultivation bed 1 as described above, the entire cultivation bed 1 can be molded by reinforced concrete or the like, or can be manufactured by a metal material to be a semi-permanent facility. In the cultivation equipment according to the present invention, the rotation inhibiting means 54 includes the rotation shafts 5, 5
As long as the rotation of a can be suppressed as needed, the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and can be used.

For example, as shown in FIG. 11, a more durable string-like member is used for the guide string 3c, and a hook 3d for hooking the attracting bars 7, 8 and the like is attached to one end of the guide string 3c. It is possible to use the one to which the coated metal wires 3e and 3f of a predetermined length coated with resin are attached. When the guide cord 3c is configured as shown in FIG. 11, the lower end of the guide cord 3c can be tied to the trunk of the seedling by the coated metal wire 3e, and the tomato trunk can be guided by the appropriate number of the coated metal wires 3f. It is very convenient because it can be easily attracted to. Further, since the guide string 3c configured as described above can be used by hooking the ends of the guide string 3c with the rotating shafts 5 and 5a by the hook 3d, the guide string 3c can be implemented without the second attraction bar 8. it can.

[0035]

According to the method for hydroponic cultivation of tomatoes according to the invention of claim 1, the cultivation beds having the two rows of beds are alternately used, and the one bed and the other beds are not disturbed. Since the planting can be temporarily overlapped in the other bed, the yield is increased as compared with the conventional method. The improved tomato cultivation did not cause the tomato strains to age and the vigor was easy to control, so that it was possible to harvest almost homogeneous tomatoes throughout the year. In addition, since the cultivation work of the fallow beds and the planting work of the seedlings can be performed at different timings in the cultivation bed, the labor can be distributed very easily throughout the year, and the work amount as a whole is reduced. . According to the cultivation method of the second aspect, since more light is collected on the cultivation bed during the cropping overlap period, it is possible to further exert the above effects.

The equipment for hydroponic cultivation of tomatoes according to the third aspect of the invention constitutes a cultivation bed with two rows of beds that are alternately used, and a rotary shaft is provided above both sides of the cultivation bed, and ropes are attached to these. Since the attraction bar wound by is provided, the cultivation method of claim 1 can be efficiently carried out. When lowering the tomato trunks to a predetermined level, it is possible to lower them all at once by rotating the rotary shaft, and therefore these operations are very easy. According to the equipment for hydroponics of claim 3, the trunk of a plant attracted to one side of the cultivating bed can be moved to the other side of the cultivating bed all at once by moving another attracting bar having an attaching / detaching means.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a hydroponic facility according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged plan view of the hydroponic facility of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of rotation restraining means with respect to a rotation shaft.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along arrow AA in FIG. 3;

5 is a partial front view showing an example of a rotation transmission device for rotating a rotary shaft in the hydroponic facility of FIG. 1. FIG.

[Fig. 6] Fig. 6 is a view for explaining an embodiment of the method for hydroponic cultivation of tomatoes according to the present invention, and is a schematic front view of cultivation equipment showing a state in which seedlings have been planted in the first bed.

FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of the cultivation equipment showing a state in which a tomato trunk has grown from the state of FIG. 6 and the trunk has been slid down.

FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of cultivation equipment showing a state in which tomatoes have grown further from the state shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of the cultivating equipment showing a state in which the number of fruit clusters of tomato strains in the first bed is reduced and the tomato trunk has been moved to the first bed side.

FIG. 10 is a schematic front view of the cultivation equipment showing a state in which the tomato trunks in the first bed are lowered to a predetermined level and seedlings are planted in the second bed.

FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view showing a modified example of the guide cord.

FIG. 12 is a view for explaining a conventional hydroponic cultivation method for tomatoes, and is a schematic front view of cultivation equipment showing a state in which seedlings are planted in a cultivation bed.

FIG. 13 is a schematic front view of the cultivation equipment showing a state where the tomato grows from the state of FIG. 12 and the trunk of the tomato is slid down.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cultivation Bed 1a Nutrient Solution 1b Ridge 10 First Bed 11 Second Bed 12 Block 13 Partition Wall 14 Cover Sheet 15 Cover Sheet 16 Hole or Cut 2 Support Member 20 Support Rod 3 Beam Rod 3a, 3b Attraction Bar 3c Guide String 3d hook 3e, 3f coated metal wire 4 tomato stock 4a seedling 40 fruit cluster 5,5a rotating shaft 50 bearing 51 strut 52, 53 clamp 54 anti-rotation means 54a metal shell 54b wedge metal fitting 54c leg plate 54d notch 54e claw piece 6 rope 7, 7a 1st attraction bar 8 2nd attraction bar 80 Hook and other attachment / detachment means 9 Rotation transmission device 90 Reduction gear 90a Input shaft 90b Output shaft 91 Strut 91a Main pillar 91b Sliding strut 91c Push screw 92 Screw

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A cultivation bed comprising two beds that are parallel to each other along the length direction, one of the two beds being a planting bed and the other being a fallow bed, and the following (1) to (5):
A method for hydroponic cultivation of tomato, which comprises cultivating tomatoes alternately according to the procedure described in 1. (1). Tomato seedlings are planted at a predetermined interval in the planting bed, and during the period from this planting until the trunk of the seedling extends to some extent, the trunk of the seedling is moved upwards on both sides in the length direction of the cultivation bed. Attract and distribute each approximately evenly, (2). When the stem of the tomato has extended to a predetermined length, the core of the stem is cut off to stop the extension, (3). When the immature fruit remains, the whole trunk of the tomatoes extending above the side of the fallow bed side in the cultivation bed is moved to the upper side of the planting bed side in the cultivation bed, (4) Prepare the fallow bed as a new planting bed and plant tomato seedlings in the bed at predetermined intervals, (5). From the time of planting the seedlings in the new planting bed, the trunks of the seedlings have a predetermined length. The newly planted seedling trunk is To attract each distributed substantially uniformly in culture beds the length direction on both sides upwards. 2. The seedlings planted in the new planting bed from the time when the whole trunk of the tomatoes extending above the side part on the fallow bed side is moved above the side part on the planting bed side in the cultivation bed. The method of hydroponic cultivation of tomato according to claim 1, wherein the trunk of the tomato in the original planting bed is lowered to a predetermined level before the trunk grows to a predetermined length. 3. A cultivation bed consisting of two beds that are parallel to each other along the length direction, and is installed substantially horizontally along the length direction of the cultivation bed at a predetermined level position above both sides of the cultivation bed, A pair of rotation shafts provided with rotation restraining means for stopping rotation as necessary, a plurality of ropes partially wound around the respective rotation shafts, and suspended by the ropes corresponding to the respective rotation shafts. Equipment for hydroponic cultivation of tomatoes, which is equipped with each attracting bar that has been lowered. 4. The tomato hydroponics facility according to claim 3, further comprising another attraction bar having hooks and other attachment / detachment means corresponding to each of the rotating shafts.