JPH09193001A - Honing tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To generate no crack at working a brittle material and easily work even in case of a work piece of small diameter by supplying air into a balloon so as to swell out, and pressing the back of a grinding tool. SOLUTION: A balloon 3 capable of being expanded and contracted is arranged in a space 2b so as to contact with the back of a wheel spindle stock 6, and the balloon 3 is adheringly fixed to the back of the stock 6. When the balloon 3 is expanded, the stock 6 is pushed on the left side and the working surface of a grinding tool 5 is projected from a supporting shaft 2, and when it is contracted, the grinding tool 5 is received in the space 2b. The fixing member 8 of the balloon 3 is fixed to the supporting shaft 2, fixed to the extreme end of a hollow conduit tube 4 inserted into an inserting hole 2a, and the interior of the balloon 3 is communicated to the interior of the conduit tube 4. An air supply device is connected to the opposite side of the conduit tube 4 against the balloon through a regulator. Hereby, because pressing pressure can be set by the air pressure supplied to the balloon 3, pressing pressure suitable for working of a brittle material can be optionally set.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a honing tool used for grinding and polishing the hole or the inner surface of the hole formed in a workpiece made of a brittle material such as ceramics or glass by honing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an example of a general honing tool,
What is described in JP-A-4-372357 will be described with reference to FIG. The support shaft 101 in the honing tool 100 shown in FIG. 4 (cross-sectional view) has its cylindrical upper end side connected to the main shaft of a honing processing device (not shown), and the lower end side has a small diameter, and the side surface of the support shaft 101. Has a guide groove 101a extending in the axial direction.

The guide groove 101a has a plate-like shape composed of a thick wall portion having two tapered surfaces 103a and 103b and a thin wall portion connecting the thick wall portions. And the two elastic ring members 10
Grinding stone base 103 held by support shaft 101 by 2
The plate-shaped wedges 106 that move back and forth only in the axial direction of the support shaft 101 are arranged side by side.

The grindstone base 103 has a support shaft 1 so that it projects only toward the opening side of the guide groove 101a (in the radial direction of the support shaft 101).
01 has a positioning concave portion 103c that engages with the positioning pin 104 fixed to 01, and at the tip (downward in the figure) of the thick portion on the side opposite to the tapered surface 103a (outer diameter side of the support shaft 101). The grindstone 105 is attached.

In the guide groove 101a and in the thin portion of the grindstone 103, the tapered surfaces 103a, 103b are formed.
A wedge 106 that has two tapered surfaces 106a and 106b that are in surface contact with each other and that slides in the axial direction is arranged. The wedge 106 is not engaged with the positioning pin 104. Next, the operation of the honing tool 100 having the above configuration will be described.

First, after connecting the upper end of the honing tool 100 to the main shaft of the honing machine, the small diameter part of the lower end of the honing tool 100 is inserted into the hole or hole of the workpiece to be machined, and the wedge 106 is axially moved. The taper surfaces 103a, 103b that have descended and are in contact with the taper surfaces 106a, 106b
Press. Then, the positioning recess 103c is guided by the positioning pin 104, and the grindstone base 103 is pushed out in the radial direction (rightward in FIG. 1).

At this time, the grindstone base 103 moves while bending the elastic ring member 102.
It does not come off from the guide groove 101a of the support shaft 101 due to the drag force of 02. Further, since the positioning recess 103c engages with the positioning pin 104, the grindstone base 103 does not move in the axial direction.

When the grindstone base 103 is pushed out, the grindstone mount 1
The grindstone 105 has a support shaft 10 that is thicker than that of the grindstone 105.
Since it protrudes from the outer diameter of No. 1, the grinding and polishing surface of the grindstone 105 comes into contact with the hole or the inner surface of the hole of the workpiece (not shown). Here, the pushing amount of the grindstone 105 is determined according to the descending amount of the wedge 106, and the force by which the grindstone 105 presses the inner surface of the hole or hole of the workpiece, that is, the processing pressure at the time of performing grinding and polishing is the wedge 106. It depends on the descending force.

After that, the honing tool 100 is rotated about its axis and is reciprocated vertically in the axial direction to perform honing. Honing tool 10 above
According to 0, the taper surfaces 103a and 103b of the grindstone base 103 to which the grindstone 105 is fixed are the taper surface 106 of the wedge 106.
Since it has a structure that it is firmly supported by a and b, when grinding and polishing the inner surface of a circular hole or hole formed in a ductile material (for example, casting or metal such as stainless steel), the inner surface is processed. It is suitable for maintaining accuracy.

[0010]

Usually, when connecting the main shaft of a honing machine and the support shaft of a honing tool, the eccentricity generated between these two shafts cannot be completely removed. During rotation, the vibration due to the eccentricity of the support shaft with respect to the workpiece cannot be completely removed.

In such a state, in the processing of the ductile material using the honing tool 100, the ductile material itself absorbs the vibration, but if the brittle material such as glass or ceramics is honed, On the work piece, there were places where the work was performed with a strong force, deep cracks were formed on the work piece, and a good ground and polished surface could not be obtained.

Further, in order to perform the pushing-out operation of the grindstone 105 by pushing the wedge 106 with high accuracy, it is necessary to form a guide groove 101a having high dimensional accuracy and straightness accuracy in the mandrel (support shaft 101). When the diameter of the hole or hole of the workpiece to be processed is small, the honing tool itself that fits the hole is inevitably small, which makes its manufacturing difficult.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and an object of claim 1 is to process an object having a small diameter without causing cracks during honing of a brittle material. Also, in the case of, it is to provide a honing tool that is easy to manufacture. Further, an object of claim 2 is to provide a honing tool capable of independently operating a plurality of grinding and polishing wheels in one tool.

[0014]

A schematic structure of the invention according to claim 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a main part of a honing tool according to claim 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, a honing tool 1 according to claim 1.
In a honing tool of a honing machine that grinds and polishes a hole or an inner surface of a hole formed in a workpiece, a support shaft 2 for connecting to a main shaft of the honing machine, and an inside of the support shaft 2. Inflatable and defensible balloon 3 provided in the space 2b, and for supplying the compressible gas to the interior of the balloon 3 provided in the space 2b and removing the compressible gas from the inside of the balloon 3. And a grindstone 5 that is provided in the space 2b and that is extruded from the support shaft 2 by the expansion of the balloon 3 and pressed against the inner surface of the hole or hole. .

According to the first aspect of the present invention, with the above configuration, a compressive gas is supplied into the balloon 3 through the conduit 4 to inflate the balloon 3 into a balloon shape, thereby pressing the back surface of the grindstone 5 to cause the grindstone. The surface to be ground and polished (the left side in the drawing) is pressed against the inner surface of a glass tube or the like which is a workpiece, and the inner surface is ground and polished by honing. The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that at least two sets of the balloon 3 and the grindstone 5 shown in FIG. 1 are provided in the axial direction (not shown).

According to one of the functions of the invention of claim 2, a plurality of grindstones are provided step by step from a roughing grindstone to a finishing grindstone, and only the roughing grindstone is first extruded by a balloon. After rough grinding and polishing, the compressive gas in the balloon is removed, and then only the grinding stone for finish processing is pushed out by the balloon to perform finish grinding and polishing processing. Further, another function of the invention of claim 2 is to provide a plurality of balloons by expanding a plurality of balloons at the same time by gradually providing in a stepwise manner from a grindstone for roughing to a grindstone for finishing. Simultaneously contact the work piece, and the honing tool or the work piece is controlled to move in the axial direction so that the grinding stone for finish grinding and polishing follows the processing traces of the grinding stone for rough grinding and polishing. That is, the grinding and polishing process is simultaneously performed.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below. (Embodiment 1) This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the honing tool 1 according to the present embodiment on the insertion portion side.

The upper end of the cylindrical support shaft 2 is fixed to a main shaft of a honing machine (not shown), and reciprocates vertically by the honing machine (arrow a in the figure).
Direction) and a rotational movement about the axis of the support shaft 2 (direction of arrow b in FIG. 1). The support shaft 2 has an insertion hole 2a therein and a space 2b continuous with the insertion hole 2a.

The space 2b is located laterally of the lower end of the support shaft 2 (see FIG. 2).
In the space 2)
In b, the grindstone 6 and the grindstone 5 adhered and fixed to the grindstone 6 are arranged slidably in the left-right direction in FIG. The upper surface of the grindstone 5 (grinding and polishing surface, surface on the left side in FIG. 2) is brought into contact with the inner surface of the glass tube 7 which is the workpiece by protruding from the space 2b and coming out from the outer wall surface of the support shaft 2. The protrusion amount of the grindstone 5 is regulated by the contact between the protrusion 6a formed on the grindstone base 6 and the locking member 15 fixed to the opening side of the space 2b.

Further, in the space 2b, an expandable and contractible balloon 3 is disposed so as to contact the back surface (right side surface in FIG. 2) of the grindstone 6 and the three walls forming the space 2b. ing. The balloon 3 is adhered and fixed to the back surface of the grindstone base 6, and when the balloon 3 is expanded, the grindstone base 6 is moved to the left side in FIG. 2 so that the processing surface of the grindstone 5 projects from the support shaft 2 and the balloon 3 contracts. The table 6 is pulled to the right side in FIG. 2, and the grindstone 5 is set in the space 2b of the support shaft 2.

The balloon 3 has a fixing member 8. The fixing member 8 is fixed to the support shaft 2 and the tip of the hollow conduit 4 inserted through the insertion hole 2a (lower side in FIG. 2). ) Is fixed. This makes the balloon 3
The inside of the pipe communicates with the inside of the conduit 4. An air supply device (not shown) is connected to one end of the conduit 4 and the side opposite to the balloon 3 via a regulator (not shown) for enabling air supply at an arbitrarily set pressure. ing.

As the balloon 3, it is preferable to use a rubber sheet, a polyurethane sheet, or a cloth made of nylon or the like which is sewn into a fine mesh and expands and contracts into a bag shape. As for the material of the support shaft 2, a metal that does not cause rust is desirable because a grinding / polishing liquid is used at the time of processing, but a metal that causes rust such as iron is used if the surface is galvanized. Can, in addition, other than metal,
For example, engineering plastics such as ABS,
It can be used if it is configured with a structure having sufficient rigidity against processing resistance during processing.

Further, the processed surface of the grindstone 5 may be formed by subjecting abrasive grains such as diamond powder or cerium oxide, metal powder such as copper, tin, iron or the like, or a resin material to a heat treatment after special blending. . Next, a procedure for honing the inner surface of the glass tube 7 using the honing tool 1 having the above-described configuration will be described.

The upper end of the honing tool 1 is set on the spindle of a honing device (not shown), the glass tube 7 as a workpiece is set on the honing device, the honing device is operated, and the honing tool 1 is placed on the inner surface of the glass tube 7. Insert the bottom side of. Next, activate the air supply device (not shown),
Air is supplied into the balloon 3 via the conduit 4.

The air supply pressure is adjusted in advance by a regulator. Expand the balloon 3 by air pressure,
Press the back surface of the grindstone 6 with one end of the expanded balloon 3,
As a result, the grinding and polishing surface of the grindstone 5 is pushed out from the space 2b of the support shaft 2. The processed surface of the grindstone 5 protruding from the space 2b contacts the inner surface of the glass tube 7 and the balloon 3
It is pressed against the inner surface with a pressing force corresponding to the air pressure supplied inside.

In this state, a grinding / polishing liquid (not shown) is supplied to the inner surface of the glass tube 7 and the honing device is operated to reciprocate the grindstone 5 up and down through the support shaft 2 (direction a in FIG. 2). ) And rotational movement (direction b in FIG. 2), the inner surface of the glass tube 7 and the grindstone 5 are slid against each other, and the inner surface is ground and polished by honing.
Note that, depending on the honing processing device used, there is also a honing processing device capable of moving up and down and rotating on the workpiece side. Therefore, when using such a honing processing device, the support shaft 2
Instead, the glass tube 7 may be moved up and down and rotated.

After the grinding and polishing of the inner surface of the glass tube 7 is completed, the air inside the balloon 3 is evacuated through the conduit 4, and the honing tool 1 is extracted from the glass tube 7. According to the honing tool in the present embodiment, the processing pressure can be set by the pressure of the air supplied to the balloon, so that the processing pressure suitable for processing the brittle material can be arbitrarily set.

Further, since air, which is a compressible gas, presses the grindstone through the balloon, there is eccentricity between the main shaft of the honing machine and the support shaft of the honing tool,
Even when the support shaft vibrates during rotation, the vibration is absorbed by compressing the air through the balloon, so that an unreasonable processing force is not applied to the processed portion. Therefore, the brittle material can be subjected to honing without cracking.

Further, like a conventional honing tool,
Since the wedge pushing mechanism or the like is not required, the configuration itself of the honing tool becomes simple. Therefore, even when the diameter of the hole or hole of the work piece is small and a honing tool having a small diameter is required, the manufacturing thereof becomes easy. Further, in the present embodiment, the grindstone is adhered and fixed to the grindstone base, but the grindstone base may be eliminated and the balloon may directly press the back surface of the grindstone.

In this case, the structure of the honing tool is further simplified. Although the glass tube is processed as the brittle material in the present embodiment, it goes without saying that the honing tool in the present embodiment can be applied not only to ceramics but also to the processing of brittle materials of metals such as hardened steel. . Although air is used as the compressible gas, other compressible gas such as nitrogen gas may be used.

Further, in the present embodiment, the balloon and the grindstone base are adhered and fixed, but it is also possible to simply arrange the balloon and the grindstone base 6 so that they are in contact with each other without adhering and fixing. In this case, the processing surface of the grindstone 5 is not completely housed inside the space 2b of the support shaft 2 when the balloon 3 is deflated, but since the processing pressure is not applied when the balloon 3 is deflated, the grindstone 5 damages the workpiece. There is no such thing.

(Embodiment 2) This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the lower end portion of the honing tool 9 in the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, there are two spaces 1 in the axial direction at the lower end of the support shaft 10.
0a, 10b, and grindstones 12A, 12 in which grindstones 11A, 11B are bonded and fixed to the spaces 10a, 10b, respectively.
B is provided and the balloons 13 are provided in the respective spaces.
A and 13B are provided, and the respective balloons 13A and 13B
The conduits 14A and 14B are independently arranged in B through the fixing member 8.

Insertion hole 10 for inserting the conduits 14A, 14B
c is wider than the insertion hole 2a (see FIG. 2) of the first embodiment so that the two conduits 14A and 14B can be inserted therethrough.
The grindstone 11A is for rough machining (# 325), the grindstone 11B is for finishing machining (# 4000), and the grindstone 11A is on the lower side.
The grindstone 11B was arranged on the upper side. In the present embodiment, both the grindstone 11A and the grindstone 11B have the same composition as that of the first embodiment except that the mesh is changed. However, the composition of the grindstones such as the abrasive grains and the binder is mutually different. The whetstones may be different.

Each of the conduits 14A and 14B is equipped with a regulator (not shown) individually. Other configurations are similar to those of the above-described first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted. Using the honing tool 9 having the above configuration,
A procedure for performing the inner surface grinding / polishing process will be described.

First, the upper end of the honing tool 9 is set on the main shaft of a honing device (not shown), the glass tube 7 as a workpiece is set on the honing device, the honing device is operated, and the inner surface of the glass tube 7 is operated. Insert the lower end of the honing tool 9. Next, an air supply device (not shown) is operated to supply air to the balloon 13A via the conduit 14A to push out the roughing grindstone 11A from the space 10a.

The air supply pressure is adjusted in advance by a regulator. In this state, honing processing similar to that of the first embodiment is performed. Balloon 13 after rough processing
After the air of A is removed and the pressing force is not applied to the grindstone 11A, the air is supplied to the balloon 13B via the conduit 14B to push out the grindstone 11B for finish processing from the space 10b to perform the rough processing. The same grinding and polishing process as in the above-described first embodiment is performed on the performed place, as in the roughing process.

According to the present embodiment, the above-mentioned first embodiment
The same effect as above can be obtained, and by putting two different mesh grindstones in one honing tool, it is possible to perform grinding and polishing in multiple steps from roughing (eg grinding) to finishing (eg polishing). Can be done efficiently. Further, since each conduit is provided with a regulator separately, the pressure of the air supplied to each balloon can be set individually.

Therefore, the optimum processing pressure can be set individually for each grindstone. (Third Embodiment) In this embodiment, the same honing tool 9 as the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is used to perform grinding and polishing by honing. In the present embodiment, the grindstones 11A, 11B are replaced by the spaces 10a, 10
Both of them protrude from b at the same time to eliminate the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the support shaft 2 and perform honing while pushing down the honing tool 9 at a low speed to grind stones 11A and 11B.
When was passed once through the predetermined processing site, the processing was completed.

That is, according to the present embodiment, the grindstone 11A for roughing is followed by the grindstone 11B for finishing so that the processed portion (eg, ground) by the grindstone 11A is continuously grinded. 11B will be processed (for example, polished). According to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same effects as in the above-described first embodiment, and simultaneously perform grinding in multiple steps from roughing to finishing by using grindstones of different meshes in one step. It can be done efficiently.

Further, since the finishing grindstone follows the roughing grindstone from above, the abrasive grains that fall off from the roughing grindstone do not adhere to the finishing grindstone. Therefore, even if the grindstone for finishing is used simultaneously with the grindstone for roughing, a good grinding and polishing surface (finished surface) can be obtained. In the second and third embodiments,
Although the example in which the balloon and the whetstone are two sets has been described, the present invention is not limited to this and three or more sets may be combined.

In this case, since the difference between each step from roughing to finishing is small, the work becomes more efficient.

[0042]

The effect of the present invention is that it is possible to perform honing of a brittle material that does not cause cracks, and to easily manufacture a tool for machining a small-diameter long hole or hole. The effect of claim 2 is that by providing a plurality of grindstones, processing in multiple steps can be performed by one device.

Further, it is efficient because processing in multiple steps can be performed in one step.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for conceptually explaining the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a honing tool according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing a honing tool according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a conventional honing tool.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 10 Support shaft 3, 13A, 13B Balloon 5, 11A, 11B Grinding stone 4, 14A, 14B Conduit

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A honing tool for a honing machine, which grinds and polishes a hole or an inner surface of a hole formed in a workpiece, includes a support shaft for connecting to a main shaft of the honing machine, and a supporting shaft. An inflatable and defensible balloon provided in an internal space; a conduit provided in the space for supplying a compressible gas to the inside of the balloon and removing the compressible gas from the inside of the balloon; A honing tool, comprising: a grindstone provided in the space, a part of which is extruded from the space by expansion of the balloon and pressed against the inner surface of the hole or hole. 2. The balloon and the grindstone are at least two in the axial direction.
The honing tool according to claim 1, wherein the honing tool comprises at least two sets.