JPH09192644A - Chromaticity monitoring controlling system of water - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automatically remove a color of a raw water by providing a flow rate measuring means measuring a flow rate of the raw water and a chromaticity measuring means measuring a chromaticity of the raw water, multiplying these outputs and controlling an injection quantity of a chemical injecting pump based on the multiplied result. SOLUTION: At a purification plant having a small or medium sized scale, a turbidity in the raw water having a tendency in which relatively large particles are flowed out at an initial water flow is removed during passing the raw water through the primary and secondary filters 1 and 2 consisting of an automatically back flow type filter, etc., and the raw water is pumped up to a deaeration tank 9 with a pump 8. The water removed bubbles at the deaeration tank 9 is allowed to gravity drop to pass a chromoscope 11 and the chromaticity is measured during that. A current signal corresponding the chromaticity is outputted from the output of this chromoscope 11 at a converter 12, and the output is multiplied by the output of a flow meter 13 at a multiplication device 14, and a chemical amount such as aluminum chloride corresponding the output of the multiplication device 14 is injected to the raw water with the chemical injecting pump 15 to remove the color of the raw water and to decolorize.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water chromaticity monitoring control system capable of removing the color of raw water.

[0002] Small and medium water purification plants have various problems in operation management. It has a fatal problem of sudden changes in raw water quality, lack of monitoring system due to lack of manpower, multiple water sources, and inevitable unmanned operation due to decentralization of water treatment plants. Therefore, effective water intake operation,
The realization of water purification treatment operations has become an issue.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Some water sources include yellow to yellowish brown coloring due to corrosive substances found in surface water flowing through peatlands and groundwater in soil areas rich in organic matter. The main components of corrosive substances are divided into humic acid, which has a relatively large molecular weight, and fulvic acid, which has a smaller molecular weight.

Conventionally, in order to remove such discoloration of raw water due to corrosive substances, water purification is performed by injecting chemicals or passing through an activated carbon tank so that the discoloration of water is not visible to human eyes. I am doing it.

[0005]

Conventionally, as described above, since human beings see the color of raw water and carry out a process of injecting chemicals or passing through an activated carbon tank so as to be colorless, the process is troublesome. Met. Further, such a method in which humans visually treat the water has been a major obstacle to unmanned operation, which tends to decentralize water purification plants.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a water chromaticity monitoring control system capable of automatically removing the color of raw water.

[0007]

According to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, a flow rate measuring means for measuring the flow rate of raw water, a chromaticity measuring means for measuring the chromaticity of raw water, and an output of the chromaticity measuring means. And the output of the flow rate measuring means are multiplied, and a chemical injection control means for controlling the chemical injection amount of the chemical injection pump based on the multiplication result is provided.

According to the configuration of the invention described in claim 1,
By automatically measuring the chromaticity of raw water and injecting a chemical according to the flow rate of raw water, the color of raw water can be automatically removed to make it colorless.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, turbidity removing means for removing turbidity of the raw water is provided, and the chromaticity of water passing through the turbidity removing means is measured by the chromaticity measuring means. I am trying.

According to the structure of the present invention, due to heavy rain or the like,
Even when the raw water becomes turbid due to a dough or the like, the influence of the turbidity on the measurement accuracy of the chromaticity measuring means can be eliminated.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, an activated carbon supply mechanism for supplying activated carbon is provided, and the activated carbon is injected by the activated carbon supply mechanism into the water into which the agent has been injected by the agent injection control means. I am trying.

According to the structure of the present invention, fulvic acid that cannot be completely removed by chemical injection can be effectively removed by injecting activated carbon.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a humic acid / fulvic acid detection sensor for distinguishing humic acid from fulvic acid is provided in raw water, and the humic acid / fulvic acid detection sensor outputs,
When only humic acid is detected, only chemical injection control by the chemical injection pump is performed, and when only fulvic acid is detected, only raw water is passed through the activated carbon tank to detect humic acid and fulvic acid. In the case of being treated, first, a chemical is injected by the chemical injection pump, and then a treatment of passing through an activated carbon tank is performed.

According to the structure of the present invention, by performing the treatment depending on the state of the raw water, it is possible to save the chemicals and prolong the life of the activated carbon tank.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a primary filter that takes in raw water (a flow rate is, for example, 30 l / m) coming in through a control valve 3 to remove turbidity of water, and 2 is water that has passed through the primary filter 1. It is a secondary filter that takes in through the control valve 4 and removes turbidity of water. 6 is a control valve for drainage provided in the primary filter 1, 7 is a secondary filter 2
It is a control valve for drainage provided in.

These primary filter 1 and secondary filter 2
Constitutes turbidity removing means for removing turbidity of raw water when it becomes turbid due to heavy rain or the like. By passing through such a turbidity removing means, even when the raw water becomes turbid due to a muddy water or the like, the turbidity can be removed to eliminate the influence of the turbidity on the measurement accuracy of the colorimeter described later.

Reference numeral 8 denotes water (flow rate 10) which has passed through the control valve 5.
It is a pump that pumps 1 / m). A defoaming tank 9 removes bubbles from the water pumped up by the pump 8. The water stored in the defoaming tank 9 flows out at 5 l / m through the control valve 10. Reference numeral 11 is a chromaticity meter for measuring the chromaticity of this outflow water. The water that has passed through the colorimeter 11 is drained. Reference numeral 12 is a converter for converting the output of the colorimeter 11 into a current signal. The converter 12 is connected to a power supply of AC100V and outputs a current of DC4 mA to DC20 mA according to chromaticity.

Reference numeral 13 is a flow meter for measuring the flow rate of raw water. A vortex flowmeter, for example, is used as the flowmeter 13. Reference numeral 14 is a multiplier that multiplies the output of the converter 12 and the output of the flow meter 13. Reference numeral 15 is a chemical injection pump for injecting a chemical for removing color into raw water according to the output of the multiplier 14. The operation of the system configured as described above will be described below.

First, the turbidity of the raw water is removed while passing through the primary filter 1 and the secondary filter 2. The primary filter 1 and the secondary filter 2 are, for example, automatic backflow filters, and remove turbidity from turbid raw water. The degree of turbidity of raw water depends on the amount of rainfall and the intensity of rainfall, and relatively large particles tend to flow out during initial flooding, but it was confirmed that the particle size of the particles is 100 μm or less. The medium of the automatic backflow filter uses an element of a nickel taper perforated plate with a single hole with a minimum diameter of 5 μm. The material has excellent chemical resistance and heat resistance, and the cross section of the hole spreads like a trumpet. Particles with less clogging and suspended solids are trapped on the surface of a nickel plate with a mirror finish. This filter is 2
It is not necessary that the number is one, and one or three or more may be provided as needed.

The water from which turbidity has been removed by the filters 1 and 2 is pumped up by the pump 8 to the defoaming tank 9. Then, the water from which bubbles have been removed by the defoaming tank 9 naturally falls and passes through the chromaticity meter 11, and the chromaticity is measured by the chromaticity meter 11.

The output of the chromaticity meter 11 is transmitted to the converter 12 via a dedicated cable, and the converter 12 outputs a current signal according to the chromaticity. The output of the converter 12 is given to one input of the multiplier 14. On the other hand, the flow rate of raw water is 13
, And its output is provided to the other input of multiplier 14. The output of the multiplier 14 is given to the chemical injection pump 15. The chemical injection pump 15 is
A chemical amount corresponding to the output of the multiplier 14 is injected into the raw water. For example, as the flow rate increases, the output of the multiplier 14 increases, so the amount of chemicals required to remove the color increases, and even if the chromaticity increases, the amount of chemicals required to remove the color increases. Will increase. Here, for example, PAC (polyaluminum chloride) is used as the color removing chemical.

PA to make colored water colorless
When C is used, an alkaline component is required in water, and the aggregating agent and the alkaline component of water act to form aluminum hydroxide, which aggregates turbidity and chromaticity to form flocs,
Provides turbidity action. The reaction chemical formula in this case is shown below.

[0024]

[Equation 1]

As described above, according to this embodiment,
It is possible to provide a chromaticity monitoring control system for water that can automatically remove the color of raw water.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the figure, 13 is a flow rate detector as a flow meter for detecting the flow rate of raw water, 16 is an indicator for monitoring the flow rate of raw water, and 11 is a chromaticity detector as a chromaticity meter for detecting chromaticity. The chromaticity detector 11 can be washed and can be washed as needed.

Reference numeral 17 is a chromaticity indicator for monitoring the chromaticity detected by the chromaticity detector 11, and 18 is an analog memory for storing the chromaticity signal. The stored contents of the analog memory 18 are reset when the chromaticity detector 11 is washed. 14 is a ratio setting device as a multiplier for multiplying the raw water flow rate and chromaticity, and 19 is the ratio setting device 14
Current that converts the output current signal to another current signal
It is a current converter. Reference numeral 15 is a PAC (polyaluminum chloride) injection pump as a chemical injection pump driven by the output of the current / current converter 19, and two PAC (polyaluminum chloride) injection pumps # 1 and # 2 are provided. It has been done.

Reference numeral 20 is an alarm setting device which issues an alarm when the output of the ratio setting device 14 exceeds a certain threshold value, 21 is a ratio setting device which also multiplies the output of the ratio setting device 14 by a value, 2
Reference numeral 2 is a soda water injection pump driven by the output of the ratio setting device 21. The outputs of the current / current converter 19 and the ratio setting device 21 are respectively output via the switch SW to the PAC.
It is input to the injection pump 15 and the soda ash injection pump 22. The operation of the system configured as described above will be described below.

The water from which turbidity has been removed by a filter mechanism (not shown) passes through the chromaticity detector 11, and the chromaticity is measured by the chromaticity detector 11.

The output of the chromaticity detector 11 is the chromaticity indicator 17
Enter and the chromaticity is monitored. Then, the measured chromaticity signal enters the analog memory 18 via the chromaticity indicator 17 and is stored therein. The output of the analog memory 18 enters one input of the ratio setter 14. On the other hand, the flow rate of raw water is measured by the flow rate detector 13, and its output enters the indicator 16 and is monitored. Then, the flow rate signal enters the other input of the ratio setter 14 via the indicator 16.

The ratio setter 14 multiplies the flow rate signal and the chromaticity signal by a certain ratio. Then, the output of the ratio setter 14 enters the current / current converter 19, and after being converted into a predetermined current signal, the PAC injection pump 1 via the switch SW.
5 given. The PAC injection pump 15 injects PAC into the raw water according to the output of the current / current converter 19. In this case, the chemical injection pump 15 injects an amount of chemical corresponding to the output of the multiplier 14 into the raw water. For example, as the flow rate increases, the output of the multiplier 14 increases, so the amount of chemicals required to remove the color increases, and even if the chromaticity increases, the amount of chemicals required to remove the color increases. Will increase. As a result, color is removed from the raw water. The pH of the raw water depends on the degree of PAC injection.
In this case, the soda ash injection pump 2
2, the pH is adjusted by injecting soda water.

By the way, the constituent components of the color of raw water existing in nature are roughly divided into humic acids having a relatively large molecular weight and fulvic acids having a relatively small molecular weight, although their chemical structures are almost similar. Of these humic acids and fulvic acids, the above-mentioned PAC injection forms flocs and causes aggregation.
It is humic acids that precipitate and are effectively removed.
Fulvic acids cannot be effectively removed by the PAC injection method. Therefore, the method of removing fulvic acids using activated carbon is adopted.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the figure, 23 is an activated carbon supply mechanism that supplies activated carbon according to the detection result of the chromaticity detector 11. Specifically, the chromaticity signal is extracted from the output of the chromaticity indicator 17 and is input to the activated carbon supply mechanism 23. As mentioned above, fulvic acid cannot be effectively removed only by PAC injection. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the chromaticity detector 1
1, depending on the output of 1, activated carbon supply mechanism 23 if necessary
The above-mentioned fulvic acid is removed by driving. That is, by injecting PAC from the PAC injection pump 15, first, humic acid is effectively removed, and then fulvic acid not removed by PAC injection is effectively injected by injecting activated carbon by the activated carbon supply mechanism 23. To be removed.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the composition ratio of the chromaticity component in raw water and each processing method. When the chromaticity component is only humic acid, it has a large molecular weight, and a rapid filtration method by a chemical injection method is used. When humic acid and fulvic acid are mixed in the chromaticity component, a rapid filtration method and an activated carbon adsorption method using activated carbon are used. When the chromaticity component is only fulvic acid, it has a small molecular weight and the activated carbon adsorption method is used.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. In (a), 30 is a raw water treatment facility installed in the river, and 40 is humic acid / upstream installed in the river.
Humic acid / fulvic acid detection sensor for detecting fulvic acid. The output of the humic acid / fulvic acid detection sensor 40 is given to the raw water treatment facility 30.

The raw water treatment facility 30 is composed of a chemical injection tank 31 and an activated carbon tank 32 as shown in (b). In the chemical injection tank 31, humic acid is removed by the mechanism shown in FIG. 1 or 2. On the other hand, chemical injection tank 3
In the water that has passed through 1, fulvic acid is removed by the subsequent activated carbon tank 32. A switching mechanism 33 is provided between the chemical injection tank 31 and the activated carbon tank 32. The switching mechanism receives the output of the humic acid / fulvic acid detection sensor 40 and prevents water from passing through the activated carbon tank 32 when the color component is only humic acid. That is, at this time, the water that has passed through the chemical injection tank 31 passes through the activated carbon tank 32. The operation of the system configured as described above will be described below.

The humic acid / fulvic acid detection sensor 40 detects humic acid and fulvic acid in raw water flowing in a river. The detection result of the humic acid / fulvic acid detection sensor 40 is notified to the raw water treatment facility 30. Here, the treatment method by the raw water treatment facility 30 is as follows due to the difference in the components contained in the raw water.

(1) Humic Acid Only In this case, the humic acid has a large molecular weight, and while passing through the chemical injection tank 31, the humic acid is rapidly filtered and precipitated by using the chemical injection method. Therefore, the switching mechanism 33 allows the water that has passed through the chemical injection tank 31 to pass as it is so that the water does not enter the activated carbon tank 32. As a result, the color is removed from the raw water and the life of the activated carbon tank 32 can be extended by not using the activated carbon tank 32.

(2) In the case of only fulvic acid In this case, raw water having a small molecular weight and having passed through the chemical injection tank 31 as it is is passed through the activated carbon tank 32 by the switching mechanism 33, and the activated carbon tank 32 causes the fulvic acids to be discharged. Are adsorbed. This removes color from the raw water and saves chemicals.

(3) When both humic acid and fulvic acid are contained In this case, those having a large molecular weight and those having a small molecular weight are mixed. Therefore, while passing through the chemical injection tank 31, humic acid is rapidly filtered and precipitated by using the chemical injection method. The mechanism for switching the water from which humic acid has been removed in this way 3
3 through the activated carbon tank 32 to adsorb fulvic acid.
As a result, humic acid and fulvic acid can be removed from the raw water to remove the color.

According to this embodiment, it is possible to save the chemicals and prolong the life of the activated carbon tank by performing the treatment according to the state of the raw water.

As the chromaticity meter used in the present invention, various kinds can be used, and FIG. 6 shows the measurement principle when the chromaticity meter is used. Colorimeter's measurement principle is 1 light source 2 light flux 1
This is a light bridge circuit called a light source. The light emitted from the light source lamp 51 is guided to a special vibrating mirror 52, and the measurement light 53 and the comparison light 5 are emitted at a cycle of 600 rotations per second.
Divided into 4. Due to the function of the vibrating mirror 5, the measurement light 53 and the comparison light 54 can obtain a 1: 1 illuminance completely.

The measuring light 53 passes through the measuring cell 55 and reaches the photoelectric tube 57. On the other hand, the comparison light 54 passes through the shutter mechanism 60 and enters the photoelectric tube 57. If the sample water in the measurement cell has no color, the measurement light 53 and the comparison light 54
Are balanced in a one-to-one state, and the shutter mechanism 60
Is 100% open. When the test water in the measurement cell has a color, the measurement light 53 is absorbed by that color, the illuminance becomes lower than that of the comparison light 54, and an imbalance (measurement light <comparison light) occurs between the two.

At this time, the weak measuring light 53 and the strong comparison light 54 are alternately input to the phototube 57 to generate a pulse of 600 cycles. Due to this pulse, a photocurrent flows from the photoelectric tube 57 to the amplifier 58, and the control current is supplied from the amplifier 58 to the stepping motor 56 of the shutter mechanism 60. Then, the shutter is closed little by little, and the comparison light 5
4 is attenuated and settled at a position where it is balanced with the measurement light 53 on a one-to-one basis. The chromaticity value is displayed on a digital display device (not shown). At this time, the chromaticity is displayed on the meter 59 driven by the stepping motor 56. Thus, 1
According to the measurement principle of the light source 2, the light flux 1 and the light source, the light source lamp 51
Therefore, it is possible to completely eliminate the fluctuation of the measurement value due to the deterioration of the photoelectric tube 57.

[0045]

EXAMPLE A chromaticity test solution of 1000 degrees was applied at 10 degrees, 50 degrees,
The present invention was applied by diluting to 100 and 150 degrees to obtain test water. As a result, the turbidity up to the chromaticity of 30 was almost completely corrected, and the effect appeared after the chromaticity exceeded 40 °, and the chromaticity of less than 80 ° was less than 10% of the full scale. .

[0046]

As described in detail above, claim 1 is as follows.
According to the invention described above, a flow rate measuring means for measuring the flow rate of raw water, a chromaticity measuring means for measuring the chromaticity of raw water, and an output of the chromaticity measuring means and an output of the flow rate measuring means are multiplied. ,
By providing a chemical injection control means for controlling the chemical injection amount of the chemical injection pump based on the multiplication result, to automatically measure the chromaticity of raw water and perform chemical injection according to the flow rate of raw water. Thus, the color of the raw water can be automatically removed to make it colorless.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, turbidity removing means for removing the turbidity of the raw water is provided, and the chromaticity of the water passing through the turbidity removing means is measured by the chromaticity measuring means. This makes it possible to eliminate the influence of turbidity on the measurement accuracy of the chromaticity measurement means even when the raw water becomes turbid due to heavy rain or the like due to a muddy water.

According to the third aspect of the invention, an activated carbon supply mechanism for supplying activated carbon is provided, and the activated carbon is injected by the activated carbon supply mechanism into the water into which the agent has been injected by the agent injection control means. Fulvic acid that cannot be completely removed by injection can be effectively removed.

According to the invention of claim 4, a humic acid / fulvic acid detection sensor for distinguishing humic acid from fulvic acid is provided in the raw water, and only humic acid is detected by the output of the humic acid / fulvic acid detection sensor. In case of humic acid and fulvic acid are detected, only control of chemical injection by the chemical injection pump is performed, and if only fulvic acid is detected, only raw water is passed through the activated carbon tank. First, after injecting the chemicals with the chemical injection pump, and then passing the activated carbon tank through the treatment, the treatment according to the condition of the raw water is performed, thereby saving the chemicals and prolonging the life of the activated carbon tank. You can

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a composition ratio of a chromaticity component in raw water and a processing method.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a measurement principle of a colorimeter.

[Explanation of Codes] 1 Primary filter 2 Secondary filter 8 Pump 9 Defoaming tank 11 Colorimeter 12 Converter 13 Flowmeter 14 Multiplier 15 Chemical injection pump

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A flow rate measuring means for measuring the flow rate of raw water, a chromaticity measuring means for measuring the chromaticity of raw water, an output of the chromaticity measuring means and an output of the flow rate measuring means are multiplied, and A chromaticity monitoring control system for water, comprising: a chemical injection control means for controlling the chemical injection amount of a chemical injection pump based on the multiplication result. 2. The turbidity removing means for removing the turbidity of the raw water is provided, and the chromaticity of the water passing through the turbidity removing means is measured by the chromaticity measuring means. Chromaticity monitoring control system. 3. The activated carbon supply mechanism for supplying activated carbon is provided, and the activated carbon is injected by the activated carbon supply mechanism into the water into which the chemical is injected by the chemical injection control means. Water chromaticity monitoring control system. 4. A humic acid / fulvic acid detection sensor for distinguishing humic acid from fulvic acid is provided in raw water, and when only humic acid is detected by the output of the humic acid / fulvic acid detection sensor, the chemical Only the chemical injection control by the injection pump is performed.If only fulvic acid is detected, only the raw water is passed through the activated carbon tank.If humic acid and fulvic acid are detected, the chemical injection pump is used first. The chromaticity monitoring control system of water according to claim 1, wherein after the chemicals are injected, the treatment of passing through the activated carbon tank is performed.