JP3475513B2 - Intake water quality control device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water quality monitoring device,
In particular, the present invention relates to a water quality management device for river water, lake water, and the like. [0002] Generally, river water, lake water, and groundwater are used as tap water sources. Raw tap water taken from a tap water source at a water intake facility is sent to a water purification facility via a reservoir or directly to a water purification plant. [0003] When a river is used as a water source, the water quality fluctuates greatly as compared with lakes and marshes and dam lakes, and there is a high possibility that harmful substances are mixed. The water quality of rivers is affected by man-made pollution such as industrial wastewater, municipal wastewater, domestic wastewater, livestock wastewater, pesticides, and fertilizers.
It changes depending on weather conditions and geology. [0004] At present, the water quality of the water source is managed after water is taken from a river or the like, and if there is a reservoir, the water quality (pH, conductivity,
Water quality items such as water temperature and turbidity are automatically monitored, or water purification plant staff collects water for manual analysis. When the water is sent directly to the water treatment plant, the water quality of the landing well is automatically monitored, or the staff regularly collects water and analyzes it manually. However, current monitoring of water quality at the water source indicates that dissolved organic matter, which is a chromaticity component of humic substances and fulvic acid, which are the bases of trihalomethane (a subject of tap water quality regulations) which is a carcinogen, which has recently become a problem. No monitoring. For that reason, it is used at many water purification plants. Chlorine and dissolved organic matter react by pre-chlorine injection operation to produce trihalomethane for ammonia and manganese removal in water. Furthermore, when chemically synthesized color water such as dyeing wastewater is mixed in, it is difficult to perform the treatment by a normal water purification treatment operation. In the worst case, raw tap water in a reservoir or the like must be discarded. [0005] In a river, as described above, since the water quality fluctuates greatly, even if the water quality is unsuitable as the raw water for the tap water, the water intake is performed according to a water intake plan, and a heavy burden is imposed on the water purification treatment facility. Therefore, it is necessary not only to select good water quality in the depth direction of a river or the like for water intake at a tap water source, but also to select a water intake point with good water quality. [0006] In a dam lake, seasonal thermal stratification occurs, and the water quality may significantly change depending on the depth. If there are many collapsed areas and the particles are fine in the upstream part of the dam, the turbid water flowing in during the flood will form a layer according to the density of the water. If a turbid water layer is formed in a layer with an intake, turbid water must be continuously treated, which is very disadvantageous. In order to avoid this problem, the height of the water intake has been changed to several levels, and the turbid water layer has been removed to take water. Selective withdrawal is
It will be conducted based on the results of water quality monitoring and water quality tests on the water that has been introduced. [0007] The selective water intake is performed based on the visual observation of the operator, the result of monitoring the water quality by the water quality meter and the result of the water quality test. The sampling point (installation location) of the water quality meter is desirably upstream of the intake, but in most cases, the highest stream of a facility such as a sand basin or a landing well is used. When selective water intake is performed based on the monitoring results of water that has already been taken, it is difficult to grasp the state of thermal stratification in the dam lake, and it is difficult to select the best intake. In addition, for those that cannot be continuously measured using a water quality meter, such as iron and manganese, which cause elution from the bottom mud, the water intake must be selected based on the water quality test results, and the test results are obtained. There is a delay time until. Furthermore, the conventional water intake management system has the following problems. (1) Since the ultraviolet absorption (UV) and chromaticity of the water source are not measured, the organic matter concentration of the water source cannot be grasped in real time. Therefore, chlorine and an organic substance react by the pre-chlorine injection operation in the water purification treatment, and the production of trihalomethane, which is a carcinogenic substance, increases, making it difficult to achieve water quality standards. (2) When chemically synthesized colored water such as dyeing wastewater is mixed into a river or the like, the colored water is taken out, flows into a reservoir or a landing well, and places a burden on a water treatment facility, or in the worst case, the water in the reservoir is discarded. Must. (3) Since the water intake operation from a river or the like is controlled only by the water intake amount and the water intake point is not selected in consideration of the water quality of the water intake point, a good water intake point cannot be selected and lacks reliability. Was. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has as its object to provide a water intake water quality management device capable of obtaining test results quickly, facilitating achievement of water quality standards, and performing good management. It is characterized by doing. Means for Solving the Problems Water intake for taking water from a water source
Facility and water source water collected at the water intake facility as water samples.
A water quality monitor for measuring the quality and a downstream flow path of the intake facility
And the water quality monitor water sampling data
And based on the result of the arithmetic processing, the flow path switcher is operated.
Control and cut off the flow path of the water source water collected at the intake facility.
Management facility to replace the water in the intake facility.
The quality monitor measures the turbidity of the sample introduced through the measurement channel.
For measuring items including degree, chromaticity, and ultraviolet absorption
A turbidimeter and less than the water sample flowing into this turbidimeter
Also has a measurement processing unit for detecting the ultraviolet absorption value.
The measurement processing unit is used for measuring water in the measurement cell unit of the turbidimeter.
To obtain UV and VIS as sample optical signals
Both are used as reference light signals by light other than water irradiation light.
Optical system for obtaining all UV and VIS, and the above optical system
With the obtained UV signal or turbidity correction signal UV-VIS
Trihalome estimated from correlation of trihalomethane amount
A function to calculate and output the contents of the test water including the amount of
And a liquid crystal tank for the turbidity meter.
A chemical cleaning system flow path for cleaning by supplying a chemical solution, the
Water washing system for washing by supplying washing water to the turbidity meter
Characterized by having a flow path and a high-pressure flash cleaning system
You . [0014] [0015] [0016] [0017] Embodiments of the present invention DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The following Figure 1
Referring to Figure 5 will be described. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a water intake management apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 50 denotes an intake facility for taking water from a water source such as a river or a lake through a water pipe 40; Is a water quality monitor installed in the water intake facility, and measures pH, water temperature, conductivity, chromaticity, turbidity, and ultraviolet absorption (U
V), dissolved oxygen (DO) is continuously measured. Reference numeral 70 denotes a management facility, which includes a control device (DDC) 71 and an arithmetic processing device (CP).
U) 72. Reference numeral 80 denotes a flow path switching device that switches a flow path in response to a flow path switching signal from a control device of the management facility 70, and reference numeral 90 denotes a reservoir. In the water intake management device shown in FIG.
Numeral 0 takes water from a water source, inspects water quality with a water quality monitor 60, and guides a water quality signal S1 to a control device 71 of a management facility 70.
The control device 71 guides a control signal to the arithmetic processing unit 72 based on the water quality signal S1. The arithmetic control unit 72 performs arithmetic processing based on the control signal, guides the arithmetic signal to the control device 71, and
Reference numeral 1 denotes a flow path switching device 8 which outputs a flow path switching signal S2 based on a calculation signal.
0, and the flow path switching device 80 switches the flow path of the water source water from the reservoir 90 to the drainage water. FIG. 2 shows an example of the water quality monitor. In FIG. 2 , reference numeral 1 denotes a pressure regulating valve, 2a denotes a first three-way switching solenoid valve connected to the pressure regulating valve 1 at a downstream stage thereof, 3a
Is a flow control valve connected to the first three-way switching solenoid valve 2a, and the measurement system flow path A is controlled by the pressure control valve 1, the first three-way switching solenoid valve 2a, and the first flow control valve 3a.
Is formed. In FIG. 2 , reference numeral 3b denotes a second flow control valve connected to the first three-way switching valve 2a, and reference numerals 4a, 4b denote pipe cleaning filters 4a, 4b, which are used to form the flow channel B for the water flow cleaning system. It is formed. Further, the pressure regulating valve 1
A high-pressure flash cleaning system C is formed between the downstream stage of the first and third three-way switching electromagnetic valves 2a and the turbidimeter 10 described later with an electromagnetic valve 7 interposed therebetween. Furthermore, 6 is a flow meter,
Reference numeral 2b denotes a second three-way switching solenoid valve connected between the downstream stage of the flow meter 6 and the turbidimeter 10, reference numeral 8 denotes a chemical tank, and reference numeral 9 denotes a detergent injection pump for injecting a detergent such as a chemical. The second three-way switching solenoid valve 2b, the chemical tank 8, and the chemical injection pump 9 form a chemical cleaning system flow path D. 30 is a reference signal R and UV for UV and VIS
And a measurement processing unit which receives sample signals related to VIS. FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of the measurement cell section and the measurement processing section 30 of the turbidimeter 10. The cylinder 11 is disposed at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane.
A sample inlet 12 is provided on one side of the end of the sample, and a sample outlet 13 is provided on the other side of the end. A measurement window 14a is provided at one open end of the cylindrical body 11, and a measurement window 14b is provided at the other open end. As shown in FIG. 3 , a low-pressure mercury lamp 31, which is a light-emitting portion, is disposed near the measurement window 14a on the axis of the cylinder 11, and is disposed between the measurement window 14a and the low-pressure mercury lamp 31. Is provided with a light separation slitter 32. A photoelectric conversion element 33a, which is a first light receiving unit, is disposed on the optical path of the light beam separated by the light separating slitter 32, and a second light receiving unit located on the axis of the cylinder 11 near the measurement window 14b. A photoelectric conversion element 33b, which is a unit, is provided. 3
4 is an output signal of the photoelectric conversion element 33a and the photoelectric conversion element 33
b is an amplifier for amplifying the output signal of b, and 35 is an arithmetic processing unit for performing predetermined arithmetic processing by using the output signal of the amplifier 34 as an input.
2. The measurement processing unit 30 includes the photoelectric conversion elements 33a and 33b, the amplifier 34, and the arithmetic processing unit 35. In the water quality monitoring device having the above-described structure, when the turbidimeter is washed, a hydrochloric acid chemical (about 2% concentration) is supplied from the chemical tank 8 by the chemical injection pump 9 through the three-way switching solenoid valve 2b. Fill in 10 measuring cells,
Hydrochloric acid is allowed to react in the measurement cell for a certain period of time. Thereby, biological slime, total iron manganese, and the like attached to the inner wall of the measurement cell are peeled off. After the chemical treatment, the high-pressure flow is passed through the high-pressure flush cleaning path C to the measurement cell section of the turbidimeter 10, thereby cleaning the measurement cell section and the flow path B
After washing with turbidity meter 1
It is led to the zero measuring cell section. That is, the washing is carried out for a certain period of time with a turbulent water flow of the dirt component in the chemical solution. This ends the chemical cleaning and starts the flow of the sample. This series of chemical cleaning operations
The control system shown in FIG. 4 is used to open and close an electromagnetic valve in a controlled device section 23 such as a turbidity meter, an electromagnetic valve, and a pump, and to turn on / off a chemical pump using a sequencer 21 and a touch panel 22. Is executed automatically. In the washing of the turbidimeter, the flow rate of the water washing can be set at 1 (liter / minute), the sample stays in the measuring cell for 1.88 seconds, flows at an average speed of 5.3 cm / sec, and the number of Reynolds nozzles is reduced. A turbulent flow of 0.106 can be realized in the measuring cell. Thereby, a sufficient cleaning effect can be obtained. The set flow rate of this washing operation, the chemical solution residence time,
The chemical solution density and the cleaning time can be freely changed by the sequencer and the touch panel in accordance with the degree of contamination of the sample, and the following various effects can be obtained. (1) By cleaning with a chemical solution (about 12% of Hc), it is possible to effectively remove all manganese and all iron-based attached chromaticity components which are difficult to remove by wiper cleaning. (2) Dirt (suspension components, chromaticity components, biological slime) eluted in the retained drug solution can be effectively removed from the measurement cell by the water washing that realizes a turbulent state. (3) In a series of chemical cleaning operations, control devices such as a solenoid valve and a pump can be automatically operated using a control device (sequencer) and a touch panel, so that automatic cleaning is possible. (4) The chemical cleaning operation parameters (flow cleaning flow setting, chemical residence time, cleaning time, etc.) can be easily changed on a touch panel type graphic display.
The cleaning operation can be monitored graphically. (5) The maintenance interval is greatly extended (three months or more), and the maintenance cost can be reduced. (6) The maintenance interval can be greatly extended by the combination of the chemical cleaning and the periodic automatic zero point calibration of the turbidimeter. (7) The main cleaning has a higher cleaning effect than the wiper cleaning or the jet water cleaning alone. (8) Since the rotating section for wiper cleaning is not provided in the cleaning method, the cause of failure is reduced. [0036] It is an most characteristic of the water quality monitor described above, by providing the measurement processing unit as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, Kiyoshi since distribution of the UV signal (absorbance of 25 4n m) correlates with trihalomethane weight high result is obtained, providing a low density UV meter with a trihalomethane amount estimating function that applies UV signal Is what you do. That is, as shown in FIG. 3 , a measuring part having a constant water sample has a measuring cell length of 10 in a flow cell format.
Passes through 0 mm, UV signal (absorbance 254 n m (Ab
is)) and the VIS signal (absorbance of 546 n m (Ab
s)), and the total amount of trihalomethane (TTH) was determined from the UV signal or UV-VIS signal (turbidity correction signal).
M: chloroform CHCl ₃ + CHCl ₂ Br + CHCl
With estimates the Br total amount of ₂ + Guromohorumu CHBr _3), and outputs the UV signal, VIS signals, respectively. Reference light by the light separating slitter 32 before the light emitted from the low-pressure mercury lamp 31 (254 n m and 546 n m wavelength output) as a light source is entering the measurement cell (UV, VIS, respectively)
And sample light after passing through the measurement cell (UV, VI
S respectively) are measured. The reference light is photoelectrically converted by the photoelectric conversion element 33a and input to the amplifier 34, and the sample light is photoelectrically converted by the photoelectric conversion element 33b and input to the amplifier 34. Each signal based on the reference light and the sample light input to the amplifier 34 is amplified and input to the calculator 35. The arithmetic unit 35 performs arithmetic processing based on these signals, and performs processing for each UV value, VIS value, TT
Output the HM estimate. According to the water quality monitor of this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) UV signal and turbidity signal are measured continuously,
The trihalomethane amount can be continuously estimated from the correlation equation between the UV signal or the turbidity corrected UV signal and the trihalomethane amount. (2) At the same time, the amount of organic substances (for example, potassium permanganate dissolution) can be estimated from the UV signal, and delicious water can be managed. (3) Since it has an automatic zero-point calibration function and a chemical cleaning function, the maintenance cycle can be lengthened (three months or more) , and the sensor can be easily attached and detached, and cleaning and replacement can be performed. Easy
And maintenance is easy . (4) A series of automatic zero-point calibration and chemical cleaning operations are performed using a control device (sequencer) and a touch panel.
Autonomous driving and 24 hours online water quality
Data can be automatically measured and monitored remotely. Also, automatic zero point calibration
(Turbidity meter, chromaticity meter), self-diagnosis function, maintenance
Frequency can be reduced. In addition, as a measurement item of the water quality monitor
Are turbidity, chromaticity, dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, UV, water temperature
7 items are automatically measured and output. Furthermore, flat day
By using a spray monitoring panel, measurement and
Environment monitoring and maintenance setting values can be changed easily.
In addition, all the electric control related devices are centrally located in the electric control room,
Completely separated from the water quality measurement room in the water quality measurement piping / detection section
This prevents corrosion of electrical control-related equipment,
By installing a dehumidifier in the control room, dew condensation in the water quality measurement room
Has been prevented. In addition, the panel outer wall has a double plate structure,
Heat insulation is installed on the inner surface, and both the electrical control room and the water quality measurement room
By installing a fan and heater in the
Knots enabled . (5) The measuring cell takes a flow cell format,
Since the measurement cell is as long as 100 mm, measurement of a low concentration UV value is possible. (6) Reference light signal (UV, VI
Since S) is separated before the measurement cell enters the light, even if the output of the low-pressure mercury lamp fluctuates, it is not affected. In the actual example, a low-pressure mercury lamp is used as the light-emitting portion (light source). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a light-emitting diode or a light bulb may be used as long as the above-mentioned conditions are satisfied. [0046] [0047] [0048] [0049] [0050] Further, according to the cook embodiments described above the processing device, performs the selection of the intake point using water monitors, monitoring of water sources quality When the set value exceeds the upper limit, the flow path is switched and the water is drained, so that the following effects can be obtained. (1) Even if polluted water such as factory wastewater or dyeing wastewater is taken, no load is applied to the water purification treatment facility. (2) It is easy to deal with sudden polluted water. (3) Organic substances and the like are constantly monitored, and a water intake point with good water quality can be selected. (4) The effect of suppressing disinfection by-products such as trihalomethane is high. Table 1 shows the main specifications of the water source water quality monitor.
Table 2 shows the water quality measurement items and ranges of the water source water quality monitor. Table 3 shows the measurement principle and calibration method. The main improvements were the removal of the residual chlorine and water pressure items from the measurement items and the addition of an existing dissolved oxygen meter, turbidity, chromaticity, conductivity, ultraviolet absorbance,
The point is that the measurement range of each item of water temperature was changed. [Table 1] [Table 2] [Table 3] ## EQU00001 ## ## EQU00001 ## ## EQU00001 ## ## EQU00001 ## ## EQU00001 ## The present invention is as described above. In the intake water quality management device, a water quality monitor is provided. In addition to selecting the water intake point, the quality of the water source is monitored, and when it exceeds the set upper limit, the flowing water channel is switched and drained . Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a water intake water quality management device that can quickly obtain test results, easily achieve water quality standards, and perform good management.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an intake water quality management device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a configuration of a main part of a water quality monitor according to an embodiment of the present invention .
Block diagram . FIG. 3 is a configuration of a main part of a water quality monitor according to an embodiment of the present invention .
FIG . FIG. 4 is used for controlling a water quality monitor according to an embodiment of the present invention .
FIG . FIG. 5: UV value of purified water and distribution water and THM (trihalometa)
FIG . [Description of Signs] 1 ... pressure regulating valve 2a ... first three-way switching solenoid valve 2b ... second three-way switching solenoid valve 3a ... first flow regulating valve 3b ... second flow regulating valve 4a, 4b ... filter 7 ... Electromagnetic valve 8 ... Chemical liquid tank 9 ... Chemical liquid infusion pump 10 ... Hydrochromic meter 11 ... Cylinder 30 ... Measurement processing unit 31 ... Low pressure mercury lamp 32 ... Light separation splitters 33a and 33b ... Photoelectric conversion element 34 ... Amplifier 35 ... Instrument A: Measurement system flow path B: Water flow cleaning system flow path C ... High pressure flash cleaning system flow path 40 ... Flow path 50 ... Water intake facility 60 ... Water quality monitor 71 ... Control unit 72 ... Arithmetic processing unit 80 ... Flow path switching unit 110 … Water source

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Utility Model Sho 58-90219 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Sho 57-135948 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Hei 4-55556 (JP, U) Japanese Patent Publication Sho 60- 38654 (JP, B1) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01N 33/18

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] A water intake facility for taking water from a water source, a water quality monitor for measuring water quality using water source water collected at the water intake facility as a sample, and a downstream of the water intake facility A flow path switch disposed in the side flow path, and water source water collected by the water intake facility by performing arithmetic processing based on the water quality monitor sampled data and controlling the flow path switch based on the result of the arithmetic processing The water quality monitor in the water intake facility is configured to measure turbidity, chromaticity, and turbidity for measuring measurement items including turbidity, chromaticity, and ultraviolet absorption introduced through the measurement system flow path. A chromaticity meter, and a measurement processing unit that detects at least an ultraviolet absorption value from the water sample that has flowed into the turbidity meter, and the measurement processing unit performs water measurement in the measurement cell unit of the turbidity meter. It is irradiated with light as a sample optical signal
UV, UV as a reference light signal by the light other than the test water irradiating light to the co obtains a VIS, an optical system for obtaining the VIS, UV signal or turbidity obtained by the optical system
Is there a correlation between the correction signal UV-VIS and the amount of trihalomethane?
The content of the test water containing the trihalomethane amount estimated from
A chemical operation unit configured to perform arithmetic processing and output ; and a chemical liquid cleaning system flow path for supplying a chemical liquid from the chemical liquid tank to the turbidity meter for cleaning, and supplying cleaning water to the turbidity meter. An intake water quality monitoring device, comprising: a water flow washing system flow path for washing by washing; and a high pressure flash washing system .