JPH091104A - Treatment of flying ash - Google Patents
Treatment of flying ashInfo
- Publication number
- JPH091104A JPH091104A JP15209795A JP15209795A JPH091104A JP H091104 A JPH091104 A JP H091104A JP 15209795 A JP15209795 A JP 15209795A JP 15209795 A JP15209795 A JP 15209795A JP H091104 A JPH091104 A JP H091104A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- complex
- heavy metal
- carbon dioxide
- heavy metals
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000194 supercritical-fluid extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 abstract 7
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[SH-] HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、都市ごみや産業廃棄物
などの廃棄物の焼却処理や溶融処理において発生した重
金属類や水溶性塩類を含む飛灰の処理方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating fly ash containing heavy metals and water-soluble salts generated during incineration and melting of waste such as municipal solid waste and industrial waste.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、都市ごみや産業廃棄物などの廃棄
物は焼却炉において焼却処理され、ここで発生した焼却
灰は灰溶融炉において溶融処理されている。溶融処理に
よって生成される溶融スラグは、酸やアルカリに強くか
つ重金属類が溶出しにくいので非常に安全・安定である
とともに、その容積が焼却灰の1/2〜1/3に減縮さ
れるという利点を有している。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, wastes such as municipal waste and industrial wastes are incinerated in an incinerator, and incinerator ash generated here is melted in an ash melting furnace. The molten slag produced by the melting process is very safe and stable because it is resistant to acids and alkalis and heavy metals are difficult to elute, and its volume is reduced to 1/2 to 1/3 of the incineration ash. Have advantages.
【0003】しかるに、廃棄物の焼却処理や溶融処理の
際には飛灰が発生し、この飛灰中に高濃度の塩化カリウ
ムや塩化ナトリウムなどの水溶性塩類と少量の重金属類
が含まれているので、飛灰中の重金属類を分離して飛灰
を無害化するとともに、水溶性塩類および重金属類を分
離回収して有効利用しようとする提案がなされている。
たとえば、飛灰をNaHSなどを含んだ水で洗浄して、
重金属類を含むスラッジと水溶性塩類が溶解した塩水と
を分離回収する方法が提案されている。However, fly ash is generated during the incineration or melting of waste, and the fly ash contains a high concentration of water-soluble salts such as potassium chloride and sodium chloride and a small amount of heavy metals. Therefore, it has been proposed to separate the heavy metals in the fly ash to make the fly ash harmless and to separate and collect the water-soluble salts and the heavy metals for effective use.
For example, wash fly ash with water containing NaHS,
A method of separating and collecting sludge containing heavy metals and salt water in which water-soluble salts are dissolved has been proposed.
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記し
た従来の分離回収方法では、重金属類スラッジに塩水が
付着するので、回収した重金属類に塩類が混入すること
は避けられず、その品位が大幅に低下するという問題が
ある。However, in the above-mentioned conventional separation and recovery method, since salt water adheres to the heavy metal sludge, it is unavoidable that the recovered heavy metals are contaminated with salt, and the quality thereof is significantly improved. There is a problem of decrease.
【0005】本発明は上記問題を解決するもので、重金
属類を効率よく分離回収できる飛灰の処理方法を提供す
ることを目的とするものである。The present invention solves the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating fly ash which can efficiently separate and collect heavy metals.
【0006】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記問題を解決するため
に、本発明の飛灰の処理方法は、廃棄物の焼却処理や溶
融処理において発生した飛灰の処理方法であって、前記
飛灰に少量の酸を加えて飛灰中に含まれる重金属類を溶
解させ、この飛灰に重金属錯化剤を加えて前記溶解した
重金属類を錯体に変換し、この重金属類錯体を含んだ飛
灰を二酸化炭素超臨界流体により超臨界抽出して重金属
類錯体を二酸化炭素超臨界流体中に抽出し、得られた重
金属類錯体を含んだ二酸化炭素超臨界流体を減圧してこ
の流体の溶解力を低減させ、重金属類錯体を固体として
回収するようにしたものである。In order to solve the above problems, a method for treating fly ash according to the present invention is a method for treating fly ash generated in incineration or melting of waste. A small amount of acid is added to dissolve the heavy metals contained in the fly ash, a heavy metal complexing agent is added to the fly ash to convert the dissolved heavy metals into a complex, and fly ash containing this heavy metal complex is added. Is extracted with carbon dioxide supercritical fluid to extract the heavy metal complexes into carbon dioxide supercritical fluid, and the carbon dioxide supercritical fluid containing the obtained heavy metal complexes is decompressed to improve the dissolving power of this fluid. The amount is reduced and the heavy metal complex is recovered as a solid.
【0007】[0007]
【作用】一般に、飛灰中に含まれる重金属類は、酸化物
や塩化物などの種々の形態で存在している。上記構成に
よれば、このような重金属類が錯体に変換されて抽出さ
れ易い形態とされるので、二酸化炭素超臨界流体により
飛灰の超臨界抽出を行うと、重金属類錯体は二酸化炭素
超臨界流体中に抽出され、その他の塩類は残留する。こ
の重金属類錯体を含んだ二酸化炭素超臨界流体を減圧す
ると、流体の溶解力が低下して重金属類錯体が固体とし
て分離されるので、重金属類のみを回収できる。Operation: Generally, heavy metals contained in fly ash exist in various forms such as oxides and chlorides. According to the above configuration, since such heavy metals are converted into a complex and easily extracted, when supercritical extraction of fly ash with a carbon dioxide supercritical fluid is performed, the heavy metal complex is converted into a carbon dioxide supercritical fluid. Extracted into the fluid, other salts remain. When the carbon dioxide supercritical fluid containing this heavy metal complex is decompressed, the dissolving power of the fluid is reduced and the heavy metal complex is separated as a solid, so only the heavy metals can be recovered.
【0008】[0008]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例の飛灰の処理方法
を、図1に示したフローチャートを参照しながら説明す
る。EXAMPLES A method for treating fly ash according to an example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the flow chart shown in FIG.
【0009】図1において、被処理物質たる飛灰1は、
都市ごみや産業廃棄物などの廃棄物の焼却処理や溶融処
理において発生したものであり、塩化ナトリウムや塩化
カリウムの水溶性塩類を高濃度で含むとともに、水銀な
どの重金属類を少量含んでいる。In FIG. 1, the fly ash 1 to be treated is
It is generated in the incineration and melting processes of waste such as municipal solid waste and industrial waste. It contains a high concentration of water-soluble salts of sodium chloride and potassium chloride and a small amount of heavy metals such as mercury.
【0010】このような飛灰1を処理する際には、重金
属処理槽2の内部に飛灰1を投入して、この飛灰1に塩
酸などの酸3を少量加え、両者を攪拌混合して飛灰1中
の重金属類を溶解させる。次いで、槽2内の飛灰1に重
金属錯化剤4を加え、これらを攪拌混合して重金属類を
錯体に変換する。When treating such fly ash 1, the fly ash 1 is put into the heavy metal treatment tank 2, a small amount of acid 3 such as hydrochloric acid is added to the fly ash 1, and both are mixed by stirring. To dissolve heavy metals in fly ash 1. Next, the heavy metal complexing agent 4 is added to the fly ash 1 in the tank 2, and these are mixed by stirring to convert the heavy metals into a complex.
【0011】そして、槽2内の重金属類錯体を含んだ錯
体含有飛灰5を超臨界抽出槽6に導入し、二酸化炭素超
臨界流体7により適当時間超臨界抽出して、飛灰5中の
重金属類錯体を二酸化炭素超臨界流体7中に抽出する。Then, the complex-containing fly ash 5 containing the heavy metal complex in the tank 2 is introduced into the supercritical extraction tank 6, and the carbon dioxide supercritical fluid 7 is subjected to supercritical extraction for an appropriate time to remove the fly ash 5. The heavy metal complex is extracted into the carbon dioxide supercritical fluid 7.
【0012】その後、槽6内の重金属類錯体を含んだ錯
体含有二酸化炭素超臨界流体8を減圧槽9に導いて減圧
する。この減圧操作は錯体含有二酸化炭素超臨界流体8
を超臨界状態に維持する範囲内で行ってもよいし、減圧
によって錯体含有二酸化炭素超臨界流体8を臨界状態か
ら気相に転移させてもよい。この減圧によって流体8の
溶解力が低下し、流体8は二酸化炭素流体10と重金属
類錯体を含んだ固体11とに分離するので、固体11を
減圧槽9より回収する。Thereafter, the complex-containing carbon dioxide supercritical fluid 8 containing the heavy metal complex in the tank 6 is introduced into the decompression tank 9 to be decompressed. This depressurization operation is carried out by complex-containing carbon dioxide supercritical fluid 8
May be performed within a range of maintaining the supercritical state, or the complex-containing carbon dioxide supercritical fluid 8 may be transitioned from the critical state to the gas phase by depressurization. The decompression reduces the dissolving power of the fluid 8 and the fluid 8 is separated into the carbon dioxide fluid 10 and the solid 11 containing the heavy metal complex, so that the solid 11 is recovered from the decompression tank 9.
【0013】超臨界抽出槽5内に残留した塩類を含む抽
出残渣12を別途回収する。減圧槽9内の二酸化炭素流
体10は、槽9外に取り出し、必要に応じて補給二酸化
炭素13を加えたうえで、熱交換器14において加熱
し、圧縮機15において圧縮することにより二酸化炭素
超臨界流体に変換する。得られた二酸化炭素超臨界流体
7は、超臨界抽出槽6に循環返送して再利用する。The extraction residue 12 containing salts remaining in the supercritical extraction tank 5 is separately collected. The carbon dioxide fluid 10 in the decompression tank 9 is taken out of the tank 9, supplemented with supplemental carbon dioxide 13 if necessary, and then heated in the heat exchanger 14 and compressed in the compressor 15 so that the carbon dioxide is overheated. Convert to a critical fluid. The obtained carbon dioxide supercritical fluid 7 is recycled back to the supercritical extraction tank 6 for reuse.
【0014】上記したように、重金属類を錯体に変換し
たことにより、二酸化炭素超臨界流体を用いて重金属類
を超臨界抽出でき、重金属類を効率よく分離回収でき
る。As described above, since the heavy metals are converted into the complex, the heavy metals can be supercritically extracted using the carbon dioxide supercritical fluid, and the heavy metals can be efficiently separated and recovered.
【0015】[0015]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明によれば、飛灰中の
重金属類を錯体に変換することによって、低温・低圧で
超臨界状態となる二酸化炭素を用いて重金属類のみを超
臨界抽出し、乾固物として得ることができるので、コス
トおよび安全性等の点で有利である。As described above, according to the present invention, by converting the heavy metals in the fly ash into the complex, only the heavy metals are supercritically extracted by using carbon dioxide which becomes a supercritical state at low temperature and low pressure. However, since it can be obtained as a dried product, it is advantageous in terms of cost and safety.
【図1】本発明の一実施例の飛灰の処理方法を説明する
フローチャートである。FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for treating fly ash according to an embodiment of the present invention.
1 飛灰 3 酸 4 重金属錯化剤 5 錯体含有飛灰 7 二酸化炭素超臨界流体 8 錯体含有二酸化炭素超臨界流体 10 二酸化炭素流体 11 固体 1 Fly ash 3 Acid 4 Heavy metal complexing agent 5 Complex containing fly ash 7 Carbon dioxide supercritical fluid 8 Complex containing carbon dioxide supercritical fluid 10 Carbon dioxide fluid 11 Solid
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 芝軒 悟 大阪府大阪市浪速区敷津東一丁目2番47号 株式会社クボタ内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Satoru Shibaken 1-47 Shikitsuhigashi 1-47, Naniwa-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Corporation
Claims (1)
生した飛灰の処理方法であって、前記飛灰に少量の酸を
加えて飛灰中に含まれる重金属類を溶解させ、この飛灰
に重金属錯化剤を加えて前記溶解した重金属類を錯体に
変換し、この重金属類錯体を含んだ飛灰を二酸化炭素超
臨界流体により超臨界抽出して重金属類錯体を二酸化炭
素超臨界流体中に抽出し、得られた重金属類錯体を含ん
だ二酸化炭素超臨界流体を減圧してこの流体の溶解力を
低減させ、重金属類錯体を固体として回収することを特
徴とする飛灰の処理方法。1. A method for treating fly ash generated during incineration or melting of waste, comprising adding a small amount of acid to the fly ash to dissolve heavy metals contained in the fly ash. A heavy metal complexing agent is added to the above to convert the dissolved heavy metals into a complex, and fly ash containing the heavy metal complex is supercritically extracted with carbon dioxide supercritical fluid to convert the heavy metal complex into carbon dioxide supercritical fluid. A method for treating fly ash, which comprises recovering a heavy metal complex as a solid by decompressing the obtained carbon dioxide supercritical fluid containing the heavy metal complex to reduce the dissolving power of the fluid.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP15209795A JP3387694B2 (en) | 1995-06-20 | 1995-06-20 | Fly ash treatment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP15209795A JP3387694B2 (en) | 1995-06-20 | 1995-06-20 | Fly ash treatment method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH091104A true JPH091104A (en) | 1997-01-07 |
JP3387694B2 JP3387694B2 (en) | 2003-03-17 |
Family
ID=15532991
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP15209795A Expired - Fee Related JP3387694B2 (en) | 1995-06-20 | 1995-06-20 | Fly ash treatment method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3387694B2 (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61101711A (en) * | 1984-10-24 | 1986-05-20 | Hirochika Okuyama | Method for making incinerated ash harmless |
JPH07185593A (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1995-07-25 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Treatment of waste liquid containing metallic chelate complex |
WO1995033542A1 (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 1995-12-14 | Idaho Research Foundation, Inc. | Fluid extraction |
JPH0852315A (en) * | 1994-07-09 | 1996-02-27 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Method and device for separating solute from solution |
JPH08291345A (en) * | 1995-04-20 | 1996-11-05 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Method for separating and recovering platinum group element in solution |
-
1995
- 1995-06-20 JP JP15209795A patent/JP3387694B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61101711A (en) * | 1984-10-24 | 1986-05-20 | Hirochika Okuyama | Method for making incinerated ash harmless |
JPH07185593A (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1995-07-25 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Treatment of waste liquid containing metallic chelate complex |
WO1995033542A1 (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 1995-12-14 | Idaho Research Foundation, Inc. | Fluid extraction |
JP2002508697A (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 2002-03-19 | アイダホ リサーチ ファウンデーション インコーポレイテッド | Fluid extraction of metals and / or metalloids |
JPH0852315A (en) * | 1994-07-09 | 1996-02-27 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Method and device for separating solute from solution |
JPH08291345A (en) * | 1995-04-20 | 1996-11-05 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Method for separating and recovering platinum group element in solution |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3387694B2 (en) | 2003-03-17 |
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