JPH09105441A - Base isolation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a base isolation device to provide stable base isolation characteristics and to prevent the occurrence of fatigue and the damage of an elastic material layer of an elastic material and columnar leas and be excellent in durability, a base isolation effect, and manufacturability. SOLUTION: This base isolation device 5 comprises an elastic material 3 formed in such a manner that an elastic material layer and a rigidity material layer are alternately laminated together; and columnar lead 4 arranged in a hollow part 12 specified by the inner circumferential surface 9 of the elastic material 3. The base isolation device is formed in such a manner that a ratio Vp/Ve between a total area ap of the cut surface of the columnar lead r and the area Ar of the load surface of the elastic material 3 is 0.01-0.12 and a ratio Vp/Ve between the volume Vp of the columnar lead 4 arranged in a hollow part 12 and the volume Ve of the hollow part 12 in such a state that the columnar lead is not inserted and a load is exerted on the elastic material 3 is 1.02-1.12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device arranged between two structures for absorbing the energy of relative horizontal vibration between the two structures to reduce vibration acceleration to the structures, and more particularly to a device for reducing vibration acceleration to the structures. The present invention relates to a seismic isolation device that attenuates seismic energy to reduce seismic input acceleration and prevents damage to structures such as buildings and bridges, and a system that uses one or more seismic isolation devices.

[0002]

As a vibration energy absorber, for example, the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-17984 is known, and this vibration energy absorber is fixed between two structures. And has a lead member that is plastically deformed by applying a shearing force. The lead member of such a vibration energy absorber preferably absorbs vibration energy without causing cracks or the like in its plastic deformation, but unlike a normal spring, even after deformation, the absorbed energy does not return to the structure. However, it is difficult to return the structure to its original position while maintaining the deformed state.

A seismic isolation device in which elastic plates made of rubber or the like forming elastic material layers and metal plates forming rigid material layers are alternately laminated and fixed to each other by vulcanization adhesion or the like. The elastic body reduces the seismic input acceleration and protects the structure from the destructive force of the earthquake, but has a low vibration energy absorption capacity, and when it is used alone as a seismic isolation device,
Compared with the above-mentioned lead members, there are various practical problems from the viewpoint of seismic engineering and vibration engineering in that it takes a long time for the post-earthquake vibration of a structure subjected to earthquake motion to subside.

Therefore, in order to have both the vibration energy absorbing ability in the plastic deformation of the lead member and the seismic input acceleration reducing ability and restoring ability of the elastic body, the elastic body and the columnar shape penetrating the elastic body are provided. A seismic isolation device including lead is also proposed in the above publication.

The seismic isolation device 5 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has elastic plates 1 made of rubber or the like forming elastic material layers and annular rigid plates 2 forming rigid material layers alternately laminated to each other. The fixed annular elastic body 3, the cylindrical lead 4 arranged in the hollow portion 12 defined by the cylindrical inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3, and the lower surface and the upper surface of the cylindrical lead 4 are respectively contacted. It is provided with flange plates 18 and 19 that are in contact with and attached to the lower surface and the upper surface of the elastic body 3 by bolts or the like.
The flange plate 18 side is fixed to one structure such as a foundation, the other structure such as a building is placed on the flange plate 19 side, and a vertical load X is received from the building or the like via the flange plate 19. Used in this way.

The relationship between the lateral force F and the lateral displacement δ when the lateral force F is generated by the seismic isolation device 5 due to an earthquake is as follows: diagonal rigidity Ker and lateral direction of the elastic body 3 ( When the rigidity Kr in the horizontal direction is about the same, in other words, the elastic body 3
The shear yield load characteristic value Qd based on the shear yield load Au of the cylindrical lead 4 constrained without a gap by (when this Qd and the shear yield load Au are represented by the bilinear characteristic in the design, For the sake of convenience, the relationship of Qd = 0.8 · Au is given, and in the present invention, when Qd is called a shear yield load), a hysteresis curve is drawn as shown in FIG. When it is larger than Kr, in other words, when the shear yield load Qd of the cylindrical lead 4 constrained by the elastic body 3 without a gap becomes large, a hysteresis curve as shown in FIG. 4 is drawn. Here, the shear yield load Qd is expressed by the following equation (1). Qd = ap · σpd (1)

In the formula (1), ap is the area of the shear plane of the cylindrical lead 4 (in the present invention, defined by the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical lead 4 surrounded by the inner circumference of the rigid material layer), and is seismic isolated. It corresponds to the area of the shear plane of the cylindrical lead 4 with respect to the lateral force F applied to the device 5, and σpd is the shear yield stress of the cylindrical lead 4 itself which is not constrained by the elastic body 3 without a gap (in the present invention,
This is the design shear yield stress), and in the case of pure lead (purity 99.9% or more), it is 0.5 Hz vibration and 50%.
With the above strain amplitude, the design value is 85 kg / cm ² .

By the way, in the seismic isolation device 5 which draws a hysteresis curve as shown in FIG. 3, although the seismic isolation effect against the earthquake is excellent, the relative displacement between the structure and the foundation mounted thereon is large, Also, after shaking after the earthquake lasts for a relatively long time, there is a possibility that it will resonate in a large earthquake motion with a long period component,
Further, the mounted structure may shake significantly during strong wind such as typhoon. On the other hand, the dynamic natural vibration period by the seismic isolation device 5 is given by the diagonal rigidity Ke r shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, but in the seismic isolation device 5 which draws a hysteresis curve as shown in FIG. Diagonal rigidity Ke
When r is large, the shear yield load Qd of the cylindrical lead 4 becomes large, and it becomes difficult to make the period long enough to exert the seismic isolation effect, and as a result, the seismic isolation effect deteriorates.

Further, as a requirement for guaranteeing the shear yield load Qd of the cylindrical lead 4 according to the equation (1), the cylindrical lead 4 is periodically arranged in the elastic material layer and the rigid material layer forming the elastic body. That is, it is constrained without a gap during and after the occurrence of various shear deformations. If the cylindrical lead 4 arranged in the hollow portion 12 is not constrained by the elastic body 3 without a gap, when a lateral force (horizontal force) F due to an earthquake is generated, , A gap is formed between the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical lead 4 which is in contact with this, and the history curve 21 of FIG. 5 in relation to the lateral force F and the lateral displacement (horizontal displacement) δ.
The unstable characteristics as shown in (3) are not obtained, the effect of the cylindrical lead 4 cannot be obtained so much, and it becomes difficult to obtain the desired seismic isolation effect. On the other hand, if the elastic body 3 restrains the columnar lead 4 more than necessary, the elastic material layer of the elastic body 3 is excessively compressed during the plastic deformation of the columnar lead 4 by the lateral force F due to an earthquake. This causes early deterioration of the elastic material layer of the elastic body 3 and causes a problem in durability. Further, there is a limit to the amount of lead that is press-fitted into the hollow portion 12 of the elastic body 3 in order to form the cylindrical lead 4, and a certain amount or more of lead can be used in the elastic body 3.
It is difficult to press-fit into the hollow portion 12, and if this is forcibly performed, the elastic body 3 itself may be damaged.

In the seismic isolation device 5 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when lateral displacement is repeatedly generated due to an earthquake of several degrees, the peripheral edges of the upper and lower surfaces of the cylindrical lead 4 are rounded to form the peripheral edge. There is a possibility that an annular gap may be formed between the portion and the elastic body 3.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and paying attention to the relationship between the shear yield load Qd and the supporting load W of the elastic body described below, the shearing of columnar lead obtained from this relationship. Area ap of the surface and area Ar of the load surface of the elastic body
By setting the ratio of the to and within the specified range, the seismic isolation effect is excellent, the relative displacement between the structure and the foundation can be made small, and the post-earthquake sway can be damped early. , It is possible to reduce the rolling of the mounted structure even in strong winds such as typhoons, and in addition, it is possible to lengthen the period enough to exert the seismic isolation effect, which may cause resonance even in the case of long-period seismic motion. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation device.

Further, according to the present invention, in the seismic isolation device having the above-mentioned predetermined area ratio, the columnar lead arranged in the hollow portion of the elastic body can be restrained without a predetermined gap, so that stable seismic isolation characteristics can be obtained. In addition, it is possible to avoid fatigue and damage of the elastic material layer of the elastic body and columnar lead, and to provide a seismic isolation device having excellent durability, seismic isolation effect, and manufacturability.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a system using at least one seismic isolation device as described above.

[0014]

According to the present invention, the above object is to provide an elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated, and at least one columnar body penetrating the elastic body. The columnar lead has a gap in the elastic body in the shearing direction so that the shearing yield load Qd of the columnar lead is the product of the area ap of the columnar lead's shear plane and the designed shear yield stress σpd. A seismic isolation device which is restrained without being provided, wherein a ratio Σap / Ar of a total area Σap of columnar lead shear planes and an area Ar of a load surface of an elastic body is 0.01 to 0.12. Achieved by

According to the present invention, the object is defined by at least one columnar lead, an elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated, and at least an inner peripheral surface of the elastic body. And a seismic isolation device having at least one hollow portion in which columnar lead is densely arranged, and a ratio Σap / Ar of a total area Σap of shear planes of columnar lead to an area Ar of a load surface of an elastic body. Is 0.01 to 0.12, and the volume Vp of the columnar lead arranged in the hollow portion and the volume Vp of the hollow portion in a state where the columnar lead is not inserted and the elastic body is loaded.
It is also achieved by a seismic isolation device having a ratio Vp / Ve with e of 1.02 to 1.12.

According to the present invention, the columnar lead is constrained by the elastic body without a gap, and the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead is the product of the area ap of the shear plane of the columnar lead and the designed shear yield stress σpd. , The required characteristics can be evaluated by the ratio of the shear yield load Qd of columnar lead to the support load W of the elastic body for the structure to be placed, and the shear yield load Qd and the support When the ratio Qd / W with the load W is smaller than 0.02, the relative displacement between the mounted structure and the foundation is large, and the post-earthquake sway continues for a relatively long time, and There is a risk of resonance in a large earthquake motion, and there is a risk of the mounted structure swaying significantly during strong winds such as during a typhoon. On the other hand, if the ratio Qd / W is greater than 0.08, a longer period will occur. Difficult, and as a result,
This was done based on the finding that the seismic isolation effect will deteriorate.

In the seismic isolation device 5, the shear yield load Qd of the cylindrical lead 4 is given by the above equation (1), and the supporting load W of the elastic body 3 is W = Ar · P ...・ ・ ・ (2) is given. Here, Ar is the area of the load surface of the elastic body 3, and corresponds to the vertical load X applied to the seismic isolation device 5, that is, the pressure receiving area of the elastic body 3 with respect to the support load W, and P is
The average compressive stress of the elastic body 3 against the vertical load X applied to the seismic isolation device 5, which is usually 60 kg in the design of the seismic isolation device.
A value of about / cm ^{2 to} 130 kg / cm ² is taken.

By the way, the ratio Qd / W is Where σpd = 80 kg / cm ² , P = 1
If it is set to 30 kg / cm ² , the upper limit of the ratio Qd / W, in other words, the upper limit of ap / Ar becomes about 0.12, and σ
When pd = 100 kg / cm ² and P = 60 kg / cm ² , the lower limit value of the ratio Qd / W, in other words, the lower limit value of ap / Ar is about 0.01. The value of σpd is a value at a vibration amplitude of 0.5 Hz and a strain amplitude of 50% or more.

That is, the area ap of the shear surface of the columnar lead,
The ratio ap / Ar with the area Ar of the loading surface of the elastic body is 0.01
By setting it within the range of 0.12, the seismic isolation effect is excellent, the relative displacement between the structure and the foundation can be reduced, and the post-swing after the earthquake can be damped early.
It can be said that even when a strong wind such as a typhoon is used, the rolling motion of the mounted structure can be reduced, and in addition, the period can be lengthened and there is no fear of resonance even in the case of long-period seismic motion.

As will be apparent from the following examples, by setting the ratio ap / Ar to 0.02 to 0.07, more preferable results can be obtained, and the ratio ap / Ar can be set as follows.
It has been found that even more preferable results can be obtained by setting it to 0.03 to 0.06.

The same applies to the case where a plurality of columnar leads are arranged in one elastic body, and in the present invention, including this case, the total area Σap of the shear planes of the columnar lead and the load surface of the elastic body. The ratio Σap / Ar with the area Ar of is within the above range.

In the present invention, the volume Vp of columnar lead arranged in the hollow portion and the volume of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body, specifically, before the columnar lead is arranged, in other words, For example, the hollow part before the lead for forming columnar lead is press-fitted and the elastic body is loaded (hereinafter referred to as the reduced hollow part).
Since the columnar lead is constrained between the elastic material layer and the rigid material layer forming the elastic body without a gap by making the volume Ve of the columnar constant, the shear yield of the columnar lead according to the equation (1) is obtained. The load Qd is guaranteed, and in addition to the above effects, it is possible to provide a seismic isolation device that is particularly excellent in durability and seismic isolation effect and manufacturability.

That is, in the seismic isolation apparatus of the present invention, in addition to the above area ratio, the volume Vp of the columnar lead arranged in the hollow portion,
The ratio Vp / Ve to the volume Ve of the reduced hollow portion is 1.02
It is 1.12. The volume Ve of the reduced hollow portion increases or decreases depending on the vertical load applied to the elastic body, in other words, the weight of the structure supported by the seismic isolation device.
It is also different from the volume of the hollow portion in the state where columnar lead having a volume exceeding 1.00 times e is arranged. Also in this seismic isolation device, the columnar lead having a volume sufficiently exceeding 1.00 times the volume Ve of the reduced hollow part is arranged in the hollow part, and the columnar lead is made to bite into the elastic material layer of the elastic body to form the hollow part. The inner peripheral surface of the elastic body that defines the above may be a concave surface at the position of the elastic material layer and a convex surface at the position of the rigid material layer.

By the way, when the columnar lead 4 is arranged to be smaller than 1.00 times the volume of the reduced hollow portion (ratio Vp / Ve = 1.00), the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 and A gap is likely to be formed between the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical lead 4 which faces the peripheral surface 9 and is in contact therewith, and therefore, the lateral force F is repeatedly applied during the operation of the seismic isolation device 5, that is, to the seismic isolation device 5. During this, a gap is easily formed between the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical lead 4, and an unstable seismic isolation characteristic as shown by the history curve 21 is exhibited. This is because the columnar lead 4 is not constrained in the elastic body 3 at least in the shearing direction without any gap, and deformation other than shearing deformation occurs, so that the columnar lead 4 has a designed shear yield stress (usually a purity of 99.9% or more pure). It is speculated that this is because the design value of 85 kg / cm ² ) does not appear in the case of lead of degree.

On the other hand, when the columnar lead 4 is arranged in an amount larger than 1.12 times the volume of the reduced hollow portion (ratio Vp / Ve = 1.12), the columnar lead 4 largely digs into the elastic plate 1. Then, as indicated by reference numeral 41 in FIG. 6, the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 is
Becomes excessively concave, and the shear stress between the elastic plate 1 and the rigid plate 2 near this position becomes too large. When the stress is excessively generated in this way, the elastic plate 1 is accelerated to deteriorate and the durability is deteriorated. Further, in manufacturing the seismic isolation device 5, in order to form the cylindrical lead 4 in the hollow portion 12, press-fitting lead more than 1.12 times the volume of the reduced hollow portion makes the press-fitting force extremely large. In addition to this, it has been found that there is a possibility that the elastic body 3 may be damaged by press fitting, which is difficult.

As will be apparent from the following embodiments, a function exhibiting high rigidity with a small vibration input and a low rigidity with a large vibration input, that is, a so-called trigger function is particularly required, and a large amplitude is required. The ratio Vp / Ve is preferably 1.02 or more in order to cope with the earthquake motion particularly preferably. Further, the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.02 to 1.07.
Within the range, the productivity is extremely excellent.

In the present invention, examples of the material of the elastic material layer include natural rubber, silicone rubber, high damping rubber, urethane rubber, chloroprene rubber and the like, but natural rubber is preferable. The thickness of each elastic material layer is preferably about 1 mm to 30 mm in the unloaded state, but is not limited thereto. Further, as the material of the rigid material layer, a steel plate, a fiber-reinforced synthetic resin plate such as a carbon fiber, a glass fiber or an aramid fiber, or a fiber-reinforced hard rubber plate can be mentioned. Is about 10 mm to 50 mm, and 1 for each of the other layers.
It is preferably about mm to 6 mm, but is not limited to this, and the number thereof is not particularly limited. The elastic body and the columnar lead are preferably an annular body and a columnar body, but may have other shapes, for example, an ellipse or a square body and an ellipse or a square body. The columnar lead penetrating through the elastic body may be one, but instead, a plurality of hollow portions are formed in one elastic body, and the columnar lead is arranged in each of the plurality of hollow portions. A seismic isolation device may be configured. In addition, it is not necessary to arrange each columnar lead of the plurality of hollow portions under the same condition with respect to the ratio Vp / Ve, and they may be arranged under different conditions.
It is preferable that the above conditions are satisfied with respect to Ve,
Partial columnar lead of the plurality of columnar leads may be arranged so as not to satisfy the above condition for the ratio Vp / Ve.

Further, according to the present invention, an elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated, and columnar lead arranged in at least one hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body are provided. It can be applied to a system in which one or more, preferably a plurality of the above-mentioned seismic isolation devices provided are arranged between a structure and a foundation. In this case, the shear yield load Qd of columnar lead is the shear plane of columnar lead. Of the columnar lead, the total area Σap of the shear planes of the columnar lead and the total area ΣAr of the loading surface of the elastic body ΣAr And the ratio Σap / ΣAr is 0.01 to
0.12 is sufficient, and the ratio Σap / of the total area Σap of the columnar lead shear surfaces and the total area ΣAr of the loading surface of the elastic body is Σap /
ΣAr is 0.01 to 0.12, the volume Vp of the columnar lead arranged in the hollow portion, and the hollow portion in the state where the columnar lead is not inserted and the elastic body is loaded (reduced hollow) If the ratio Vp / Ve to the volume Ve of the part) is 1.02 to 1.12, the above effect can be obtained similarly. Also in this system, the ratio Σap / ΣAr is 0.02
By setting the ratio to 0.07, a more preferable result can be obtained, and by setting the ratio Σap / ΣAr to 0.03 to 0.06, an even more preferable result can be obtained.
When p / Ve is 1.02 to 1.07, preferable manufacturability can be obtained.

In addition, in the seismic isolation device of this system,
The inner peripheral surface of the elastic body that defines the hollow portion may be a concave surface at the position of the elastic material layer and a convex surface at the position of the elastic material layer when columnar lead bites into the elastic material layer of the elastic body. .
In a system in which a plurality of seismic isolation devices are arranged, it is not necessary to arrange the plurality of seismic isolation devices under the same conditions with respect to the ratio Vp / Ve, and they may be arranged under different conditions. It is preferable that each seismic isolation device satisfies the above conditions with respect to the ratio Vp / Ve, but some seismic isolation devices of the plurality of seismic isolation devices should not satisfy the above conditions with respect to the ratio Vp / Ve. You may distribute it.

Further, in the above-mentioned system in which at least one seismic isolation device having columnar lead is arranged between the structure and the foundation, elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated and have a hollow portion. At least one other seismic isolation device having a solid elastic body may be provided between the structure and the foundation together with the seismic isolation device having columnar lead.

At least one seismic isolation device having columnar lead and at least one seismic isolation device not having columnar lead but having a solid elastic body are arranged between the structure and the foundation. In such a system, the ratio Σap / ΣAr includes the total area ΣAr of the load surface of the elastic body including the load surface of the solid elastic body of the seismic isolation device that does not include columnar lead, and the ratio Σap / ΣAr satisfies the above condition Configure each seismic isolation device as follows.

In any of the seismic isolation devices having the columnar lead described above, the rigid material layer includes thick rigid plates respectively arranged on the respective end faces of the elastic body, and one end of the columnar lead has one side. Is densely arranged at one end of the hollow part defined by the inner peripheral surface of the thick rigid plate, and the other end of the columnar lead is
It may be densely arranged at the other end of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the other thick rigid plate.

In the seismic isolation device 5 as shown in FIG. 2, as described above, when an earthquake of several degrees is applied, an annular gap is generated between the peripheral portions of the upper and lower surfaces of the cylindrical lead 4 and the elastic body 3. Although the seismic isolation characteristics may become unstable due to this annular gap due to long-term use, the present invention defines each of both ends of the columnar lead by the inner peripheral surface of each thick rigid plate as described above. It is arranged densely at each end of the hollow part to prevent the formation of an annular gap and prevent the deterioration of the seismic isolation characteristics.

[0034]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention and embodiments of the present invention will be further described based on preferred examples.

[0035]

EXAMPLE A seismic isolation device 5 of this example shown in FIG. 7 includes an elastic material layer composed of an annular elastic plate 1 and a rigid material layer composed of an annular thin rigid steel plate 2 and annular thick rigid steel plates 15 and 16. An annular elastic body 3 formed by alternately laminating, cylindrical lead 4 densely arranged in a hollow portion 12 defined by at least an inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3, and steel plates 15 and 16, respectively. Flange plates 18 and 19 connected to each other via bolts 17
And a shear key 20 for fixing the flange plates 18 and 19 and the steel plates 15 and 16 to each other in the shear direction (F direction) on the lower surface and the upper surface of the cylindrical lead 4,
The hollow portion 12 in which the cylindrical lead 4 is densely arranged is defined by the upper surface 21 of the lower shear key 20 and the lower surface 22 of the upper shear key 20 in addition to the inner peripheral surface 9. Seismic isolation device 5
In, the steel plates 15 and 16 are embedded in the elastic material layer on the upper and lower end surface sides of the elastic body 3, and are arranged in the cylindrical lead 4
The lower end portion 23 of the cylindrical lead 4 is densely arranged at the lower end portion of the hollow portion 12 defined by the inner peripheral surface of the steel plate 15, and the upper end portion 24 of the cylindrical lead 4 is defined by the inner peripheral surface of the steel plate 16. They are densely arranged at the upper end of the hollow portion 12.

The seismic isolation device 5 is used by connecting the flange plate 18 side to the foundation 10 and the flange plate 19 side to the structure 11. In this example, 25 elastic rubber plates 1 made of natural rubber having a thickness of 5 mm are used to form the elastic material layer, and an annular plate having a thickness of 2.3 mm is used to form the rigid material layer. Twenty-two steel plates 2 and 31 mm-thick annular steel plates 15 and 16 were used.

When manufacturing the seismic isolation device 5 of the present invention,
First, the annular elastic plate 1 and the steel plate 2 are alternately laminated, the annular steel plates 15 and 16 are arranged on the lower surface and the upper surface thereof, and these are fixed to each other by vulcanization adhesion under pressure in the mold. The annular elastic body 3 is prepared, and then the hollow portion 12 of the elastic body 3 is formed so that the cylindrical lead 4 is formed in the hollow portion 12.
Press-fit lead into. Lead is press-fitted so that the cylindrical lead 4 is restrained by the elastic body 3 in the hollow portion 12 without any gap.
Lead is pushed into the hollow portion 12 with a hydraulic ram or the like. After press-fitting the lead, the shear key 20 and the flange plates 18 and 19 are attached. In the formation of the elastic body 3 by vulcanization adhesion under pressure in the mold, the cylindrical coating layer 25 may be formed so as to cover the outer peripheral surfaces of the steel plates 2, 15 and 16. The thickness of the coating layer in this example is 10 mm
Met. In the above-mentioned formation, a part of the inner peripheral side of the elastic plate 1 flows to cover the inner peripheral surfaces of the steel plates 2, 15 and 16 and is the same as the cylindrical covering layer 25, but a cylinder thinner than that. A coating layer may be formed.

The height of the elastic body 3 in the unloaded state is 24
In the seismic isolation device 5 of 0 mm as shown in FIG.
/ Ar is changed, and the vibration energy Es to the structure 11 by the vibration energy Eb of the foundation 10 at each ratio ap / Ar.
I asked. FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the obtained ratio ap / Ar and the energy transfer rate Es / Eb by the seismic isolation device 5.

In addition to the above values, the energy transfer rate is such that the surface pressure of the seismic isolation device 5 is 80 kg / cm ² ,
The shear elastic modulus G of the elastic plate 1 was set to 6 kg / cm ^2, and El Centro seismic wave, Tokachi offshore seismic wave, Hachinohe seismic wave, and TAFT seismic wave were used as inputs, and statistical processing was performed to obtain them.

As is apparent from FIG. 8, when the ratio ap / Ar is in the range of 0.01 to 0.12, the energy transfer rate Es / Eb becomes 1/2 or less, and the vibration energy of the foundation 10 is sufficient. It can be seen that the signal is attenuated and transmitted to the structure 11. It was also confirmed that the response acceleration ratio (response / input) was about 50% or more when the ratio ap / Ar exceeded 0.12. When the ratio ap / Ar is less than 0.01,
It was found that the relative displacement between the structure 11 and the foundation 10 was 2 to 3 times or more than that at the preferable ratio ap / Ar = 0.05, which was not practical.

The ratio ap / Ar is 0.02 to 0.07.
It is understood that, in the case of within the range of 10 and the case of within the range of 0.03 to 0.06, more preferable energy transfer rates Es / Eb are obtained respectively, as is apparent from FIG.

On the other hand, in the seismic isolation device 5 shown in FIG. 7, the steel plates 2, 15 and 16 have an outer diameter of 500 mm and an inner diameter of 90 m.
vertical load of 57 tonf against seismic isolation device 5 with m
(Surface pressure 30 kgf / cm ² ) to 342 tonf (Surface pressure 1
80 kgf / cm ² ) was applied, and the relationship between the horizontal displacement and the horizontal force was determined by experiments. This is shown in FIGS.
It is shown in FIG. 9 to 12, (a) shows that the lateral displacement (horizontal displacement) of the elastic plate 1 itself of the seismic isolation device 5 is 10%.
In the case of (b) and (c), 50% and 100
%. Ratio Vp / when vertical load 57 tonf (contact pressure 30 kgf / cm ² ) shown in FIG. 9 is applied
Ve is 1.03, vertical load 114 tonf shown in FIG.
Ratio V when (contact pressure 60 kgf / cm ² ) is applied
p / Ve is 1.00, the vertical load 228to shown in FIG.
The ratio Vp / Ve in the case of applying nf (surface pressure 120 kgf / cm ² ) is 1.02 and the vertical load 3 shown in FIG.
The ratio Vp / Ve in the case of adding 42 tonf (surface pressure 180 kgf / cm ² ) was 1.11. The ratio ap / Ar in the above case was 0.03.

As is clear from FIGS. 9, 11 and 12, it can be seen that when the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.02 or more, the trigger function is particularly required, and a large amplitude earthquake can be favorably dealt with. . Also, as is clear from FIG.
When the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.00 to less than 1.02, it can be said that the trigger function cannot be preferably obtained. It has been found that when the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.07 or less, it is easy to press fit lead into the hollow portion 12 in the manufacturing process, and it is not so difficult. Further, the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.
Although it was attempted to press-fit lead into the hollow portion 12 so as to have 12 or more, it was found to be difficult to do so without damaging the elastic body 3.

In the seismic isolation device 5, the steel plates 15 and 16
Although the flange plates 18 and 19 are separately formed, a thick rigid plate may be integrally formed with the flange plates 18 and 19 to embody the seismic isolation device.

[0045]

As described above, according to the present invention, the ratio Σar / Ar of the total area Σap of the columnar lead shear plane and the area Ar of the load surface of the elastic body is set within the predetermined range. It excels in seismic effect, the relative displacement between the structure and the foundation can be reduced, and the post-earthquake swaying can be attenuated early, and the structure placed even during strong wind such as typhoon It is possible to provide a seismic isolation device that can reduce lateral vibration and can also increase the period enough to exert the seismic isolation effect, and that does not cause resonance even with seismic motion of a long period component. And, as a result that the columnar lead arranged in the hollow part of the elastic body can be restrained without a gap, stable seismic isolation characteristics can be obtained, and moreover, it has a trigger function and can preferably respond to a large amplitude earthquake motion. In addition, it is possible to avoid deterioration of the elastic material layer of the elastic body and columnar lead, and it is possible to provide a seismic isolation device which is particularly excellent in durability, seismic isolation effect, and manufacturability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a seismic isolation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the seismic isolation device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory view of the seismic isolation device.

FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory view of the seismic isolation device.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of the seismic isolation device.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the seismic isolation device shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an effect of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an effect of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an effect of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an effect of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an effect of the embodiment shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 elastic plate 2 rigid steel plate 3 elastic body 4 cylindrical lead 5 seismic isolation device 12 hollow part

Claims (19)

[Claims] 1. At least one columnar lead, an elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated, and at least an inner peripheral surface of the elastic body are defined, and the columnar lead is densely arranged. A seismic isolation device including at least one hollow part, wherein a ratio Σap / Ar of a total area Σap of columnar lead shear surfaces and an area Ar of a load surface of an elastic body is 0.01 to
0.12, the volume Vp of columnar lead arranged in the hollow portion
And columnar lead is not inserted, the ratio Vp / Ve to the volume Ve of the hollow portion in a state where a load is applied to the elastic body is 1.0.
A seismic isolation device that is 2-1.12. 2. The ratio Σap / Ar is 0.02 to 0.07.
The seismic isolation device according to claim 1. 3. The ratio Σap / Ar is 0.03 to 0.06.
The seismic isolation device according to claim 1. 4. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.02 to 1.07. 5. The inner peripheral surface of the elastic body that defines the hollow portion is columnar lead that is dented in the elastic material layer of the elastic body and is concave at the position of the elastic material layer. The seismic isolation device described in paragraph 1. 6. The inner peripheral surface of the elastic body that defines the hollow portion is columnar lead, which is embedded in the elastic material layer of the elastic body, and is convex at the position of the rigid material layer. The seismic isolation device described in paragraph 1. 7. The rigid material layer comprises a thick rigid plate disposed on each end face side of the elastic body, and one end of the columnar lead is an inner peripheral surface of one thick rigid plate. It is densely arranged at one end of the specified hollow part, and the other end of the columnar lead is densely arranged at the other end of the hollow part specified by the inner peripheral surface of the other thick rigid plate. The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 8. A shear yield of columnar lead, comprising: an elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated, and at least one columnar lead arranged so as to penetrate the elastic body. One or more seismic isolation devices in which the columnar lead is constrained by the elastic body without a gap in the shearing direction so that the load Qd becomes the product of the area ap of the shear plane of the columnar lead and the design shear yield load σpd , A seismic isolation system having at least one other seismic isolation device having a solid elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated, and the total area of columnar lead shear planes. A seismic isolation system in which the ratio Σap / ΣAr of Σap and the total area ΣAr of the load surface of the elastic body is 0.01 to 0.12. 9. The ratio Σap / ΣAr is 0.02 to 0.0.
The seismic isolation system according to claim 8, wherein the seismic isolation system is 7. 10. The ratio Σap / ΣAr is 0.03 to 0.
The seismic isolation system according to claim 8, which is 06. 11. A seismic isolation device comprising columnar lead,
The rigid material layer includes thick-walled rigid plates arranged on the respective end faces of the elastic body, and one end of the columnar lead has a hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of one of the thick-walled rigid plates. 9. The columnar lead is densely arranged at one end thereof, and the other end of the columnar lead is densely arranged at the other end of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the other thick rigid plate. The seismic isolation system according to any one of 10. 12. An elastic body comprising an elastic material layer and a rigid material layer alternately laminated, and columnar lead arranged in at least one hollow portion defined by an inner peripheral surface of the elastic body. A seismic isolation system having one or more seismic devices, wherein a ratio Σap / ΣAr of a total area Σap of columnar lead shear surfaces and a total area ΣAr of load surfaces of the elastic body is 0.01 to 0.12. The ratio Vp / Ve of the volume Vp of the columnar lead arranged in the hollow portion and the volume Ve of the hollow portion in a state where the columnar lead is not inserted and a load is applied to the elastic body is 1.02 to 1 .12 seismic isolation system. 13. The ratio Σap / ΣAr is 0.02 to 0.
The seismic isolation system according to claim 12, which is 07. 14. The ratio Σap / ΣAr is 0.03 to 0.
The seismic isolation system according to claim 12, which is 06. 15. The seismic isolation system according to claim 12, wherein the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.02 to 1.07. 16. The seismic isolation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body defining the hollow portion is concave at the position of the elastic material layer because columnar lead bites into the elastic material layer of the elastic body. The seismic isolation system according to any one of 12 to 15. 17. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the columnar lead bites into the elastic material layer of the elastic body, and the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body defining the hollow portion is convex at the position of the rigid material layer.
The seismic isolation system according to any one of 2 to 16. 18. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the rigid material layer includes a thick rigid plate disposed on each end surface side of the elastic body, and one end of the columnar lead has one thick rigid plate. Is densely arranged at one end of the hollow part defined by the inner peripheral surface of the columnar lead, and the other end of the columnar lead is at the other end of the hollow part defined by the inner peripheral surface of the other thick rigid plate. Claim 1 which is arranged densely
The seismic isolation system according to any one of 2 to 17. 19. A seismic isolation system further comprising at least one other seismic isolation device comprising a solid elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated, the load surface of the elastic body being provided. The seismic isolation system according to any one of claims 12 to 18, wherein the total area ΣAr of is a value including the load surface of an elastic body of another seismic isolation device.