JP2007170679A - Vibration isolating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vibration isolation apparatus excellent in durability, vibration isolation effect, and productivity, capable of obtaining a stable vibration isolation characteristic, and avoiding fatigue and damage of an elastic material layer of an elastic body and a columnar lead member. <P>SOLUTION: The vibration isolating apparatus 5 includes: the elastic body 3 in which the elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately superposed one on top of another; and the columnar lead member 4 which is disposed in a hollow portion 12 defined by an inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3, wherein a ratio ap/Ar between the a gross area ap of a sheared surface of the columnar lead member 4 and an area Ar of a load surface of the elastic body 3 is 0.10 to 0.12, and the ratio Vp/Ve between a volume Vp of the columnar lead member 4 disposed in the hollow portion 12 and a capacity Ve of the hollow portion 12 in a state in which the columnar lead member 4 is not inserted and a load is applied to the elastic body 3 is 1.02 to 1.12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is an apparatus for reducing the vibration acceleration to a structure, particularly for a seismic energy attenuation, which is arranged between two structures to absorb the energy of relative horizontal vibration between the two structures. The present invention relates to a seismic isolation device that reduces input acceleration and prevents damage to structures such as buildings and bridges, and a system that uses one or more such seismic isolation devices.

  As a vibration energy absorber, for example, one described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-17984 is known. This vibration energy absorber is fixed between two structures and is plasticized by applying a shearing force. The lead member is deformed. Such a vibration energy absorber lead member preferably absorbs vibration energy without causing cracks or the like in its plastic deformation, but does not return the absorbed energy to the structure even after deformation unlike a normal spring. It is difficult to maintain the deformed state and return the structure to the original position.

  Elastic body as a seismic isolation device in which an elastic plate made of rubber or the like constituting an elastic material layer and a metal plate constituting a rigid material layer are alternately laminated and bonded together by vulcanization bonding or the like Reduces the earthquake input acceleration and protects the structure from the destructive force of the earthquake, but the vibration energy absorption ability is low, and when this is used alone as a seismic isolation device, compared with the above lead member, There are various problems in practical use from the viewpoint of earthquake engineering and vibration engineering, such as it takes a long time for the vibration after the earthquake of a structure subjected to earthquake motion to subside.

  Therefore, in order to have both the vibration energy absorption ability in plastic deformation of the lead member and the ability to reduce and restore the earthquake input acceleration of the elastic body, the elastic body and the columnar lead arranged through the elastic body are provided. The equipped seismic isolation device is also proposed in the publication.

  The seismic isolation device 5 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has an elastic plate 1 made of rubber or the like constituting an elastic material layer and an annular rigid plate 2 constituting a rigid material layer alternately stacked and fixed to each other. And the cylindrical lead 4 disposed in the hollow portion 12 defined by the cylindrical inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3, and the lower surface and the upper surface of the cylindrical lead 4, respectively. And flange plates 18 and 19 attached to the lower surface and the upper surface of the body 3 with bolts or the like. For example, the flange plate 18 side is fixed to one structure such as a foundation, and the building plate or the like is mounted on the flange plate 19 side. The other structure is placed and used so as to receive a vertical load X from a building or the like via the flange plate 19.

The relationship between the lateral force F and the lateral displacement δ when the lateral force F is generated by the earthquake with respect to the seismic isolation device 5 is as follows: the diagonal stiffness Ker and the lateral direction (horizontal direction) of the elastic body 3. In other words, the shear yield load characteristic value Qd based on the shear yield load Au of the columnar lead 4 constrained by the elastic body 3 without a gap (between this Qd and the shear yield load Au). In the design, when the hysteresis curve is expressed by a bilinear characteristic, for convenience, the relationship of Qd = 0.8 · Au is given. In the present invention, Qd is called a shear yield load). When a hysteresis curve as shown in FIG. 3 is drawn and the diagonal stiffness Ker is larger than the stiffness Kr, in other words, when the shear yield load Qd of the cylindrical lead 4 constrained by the elastic body 3 without a gap increases. Will draw a history curve as shown in FIG. . Here, the shear yield load Qd is expressed by the following equation (1).
Qd = ap · σpd (1)

In the formula (1), ap is the area of the shear surface of the cylindrical lead 4 (in the present invention, defined by the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical lead 4 surrounded by the inner periphery of the rigid material layer). This corresponds to the area of the shearing surface of the cylindrical lead 4 with respect to the applied lateral force F, and σpd is the shear yield stress of the cylindrical lead 4 itself that is not constrained by the elastic body 3 without a gap (in the present invention, this is designed) In the case of pure lead (purity 99.9% or more), the design value is 85 kg / cm ² at a vibration amplitude of 0.5 Hz and a strain amplitude of 50% or more.

  By the way, in the seismic isolation device 5 that draws a history curve as shown in FIG. 3, the seismic isolation effect against the earthquake is excellent, but the relative displacement between the structure placed on the base and the foundation is large, and after the earthquake. There is a possibility that the after-swing lasts for a relatively long time, and there is a risk of resonating in the case of an earthquake motion with a large long-period component. Further, in a strong wind such as a typhoon, the mounted structure may shake greatly. On the other hand, the dynamic natural vibration period by the seismic isolation device 5 is given by the diagonal stiffness Ker shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, but in the seismic isolation device 5 that draws a hysteresis curve as shown in FIG. 4, the stiffness Kr is compared. If the diagonal stiffness Ker is large, the shear yield load Qd of the cylindrical lead 4 increases, and it is difficult to make the period long enough to exhibit the seismic isolation effect. Becomes worse.

  Further, as a requirement for guaranteeing the shear yield load Qd of the cylindrical lead 4 according to the formula (1), the cylindrical lead 4 is subjected to periodic shear deformation in the elastic material layer and the rigid material layer constituting the elastic body. It is restrained without a gap during and after that. If the cylindrical lead 4 arranged in the hollow portion 12 is not constrained by the elastic body 3 without a gap, when a lateral force (horizontal force) F is generated by an earthquake, the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 and A gap is formed between the cylindrical lead 4 in contact with the cylindrical outer peripheral surface, and the relationship between the lateral force F and the lateral displacement (horizontal displacement) δ is shown by a hysteresis curve 21 in FIG. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain the desired seismic isolation effect. On the other hand, if the cylindrical lead 4 is restrained more than necessary by the elastic body 3, the elastic material layer of the elastic body 3 is excessively compressed in the plastic deformation of the cylindrical lead 4 due to the lateral force F caused by the earthquake. This causes early deterioration of the elastic material layer of the elastic body 3 and causes a problem in durability. In addition, in order to form the cylindrical lead 4, there is a limit to the amount of lead that is pressed into the hollow portion 12 of the elastic body 3, and it is difficult to press-fit a certain amount or more of lead into the hollow portion 12 of the elastic body 3. If this is done forcibly, the elastic body 3 itself may be damaged.

  In the seismic isolation device 5 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, when a lateral displacement occurs repeatedly due to several degrees of earthquake, the peripheral portions of the upper and lower surfaces of the cylindrical lead 4 are rounded, and the peripheral portions are elastic. There is also a possibility that an annular gap may be formed between the body 3 and the body 3.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and paying attention to the relationship between the shear yield load Qd and the support load W of the elastic body described below, the area of the shear surface of the columnar lead obtained from this relationship By making the ratio of ap and the area Ar of the load surface of the elastic body within a predetermined range, the seismic isolation effect is excellent and the relative displacement between the structure and the foundation can be reduced. The after-swing can be attenuated early, and it can reduce the roll of the mounted structure even in strong winds such as typhoons, and in addition, it is designed to have a long enough period to exhibit the seismic isolation effect An object of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation device that is free from resonance even with long-period ground motion.

  Further, the present invention provides a seismic isolation device having the predetermined area ratio, and as a result of being able to restrain the columnar lead arranged in the hollow portion of the elastic body without a predetermined gap, stable seismic isolation characteristics can be obtained, In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation device that can avoid fatigue and breakage of an elastic material layer and columnar lead of an elastic body, and is excellent in durability, seismic isolation effect, and manufacturability.

  A further object of the present invention is to provide a system using at least one seismic isolation device as described above.

  According to the present invention, the object includes an elastic body in which an elastic material layer and a rigid material layer are alternately laminated, and at least one columnar lead arranged through the elastic body, The seismic isolation device in which the columnar lead is constrained to the elastic body in the shear direction without a gap so that the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead is a product of the area ap of the columnar lead shear surface and the designed shear yield stress σpd. And it is achieved by the seismic isolation device in which the ratio Σap / Ar of the total area Σap of the columnar lead shear surface and the area Ar of the load surface of the elastic body is 0.01 to 0.12.

  According to the present invention, the object is defined by at least one columnar lead, an elastic body in which an elastic material layer and a rigid material layer are alternately laminated, and at least an inner peripheral surface of the elastic body. The seismic isolation device includes at least one hollow portion in which lead is densely arranged, and the ratio Σap / Ar of the total area Σap of the columnar lead shear surface to the area Ar of the elastic load surface is 0. A ratio Vp between the volume Vp of the columnar lead arranged in the hollow portion and the volume Ve of the hollow portion in a state where the columnar lead is not inserted and a load is applied to the elastic body. This is also achieved by a seismic isolation device having a / Ve of 1.02-1.12.

  In the seismic isolation device in which the columnar lead is constrained by the elastic body without a gap, and the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead is a product of the area ap of the shear surface of the columnar lead and the designed shear yield stress σpd, Focusing on the fact that the required characteristics can be evaluated by the ratio between the shear yield load Qd of columnar lead and the support load W of the elastic body on the structure to be placed, the shear yield load Qd and the support load W When the ratio Qd / W is less than 0.02, the relative displacement between the mounted structure and the foundation is large, and the post-quake after the earthquake lasts relatively long. There is a risk of resonating, and in a strong wind such as a typhoon, there is a possibility that the mounted structure may shake greatly. On the other hand, if the ratio Qd / W is larger than 0.08, it is difficult to increase the period. As a result, the knowledge that the seismic isolation effect is worsened This invention was made based.

In the seismic isolation device 5, the shear yield load Qd of the cylindrical lead 4 is given by the above formula (1), and the support load W of the elastic body 3 is
W = Ar · P (2)
Given in. Here, Ar is the area of the load surface of the elastic body 3 and corresponds to the vertical load X applied to the seismic isolation device 5, that is, the pressure receiving area of the elastic body 3 with respect to the support load W, and P is the seismic isolation device 5. the average compressive stress of the elastic body 3 with respect to the vertical direction load X applied in the design of the seismic isolation device, ^{normally, 60kg / cm 2 ~130kg / cm} 2 about values is taken.

By the way, the ratio Qd / W is
Qd ap / σpd
─── = ──────── ＝ 0.02-0.08
W Ar · P
Where σpd = 80 kg / cm ² and P = 130 kg / cm ² , the upper limit value of the ratio Qd / W is, in other words, the upper limit value of ap / Ar is about 0.12, and σpd = 100 kg / cm ² and P = 60 kg / cm ² , the lower limit value of the ratio Qd / W is, in other words, the lower limit value of ap / Ar is about 0.01. Note that the value of σpd is a value at 0.5 Hz vibration and a strain amplitude of 50% or more.

  That is, by making the ratio ap / Ar between the area ap of the columnar lead shear surface and the area Ar of the load surface of the elastic body within a range of 0.01 to 0.12, the seismic isolation effect is excellent, and the structure The relative displacement between the base and the foundation can be reduced, and the post shake after the earthquake can be attenuated early, and the roll of the mounted structure can be reduced even in strong winds such as typhoons, In addition, it can be said that there is no possibility of resonance even in the case of long-period seismic motion by measuring a long period.

  As is clear from the following examples, a more preferable result can be obtained by setting the ratio ap / Ar to 0.02 to 0.07, and the ratio ap / Ar is set to 0.03 to 0. It was found that an even more favorable result can be obtained by setting the value to 0.06.

  The same applies to the case where a plurality of columnar lead is arranged on one elastic body. In the present invention, including this case, the total area Σap of the shear surface of the columnar lead and the area Ar of the load surface of the elastic body are included. The ratio Σap / Ar is set within the above range.

  Further, the present invention relates to the volume Vp of the columnar lead arranged in the hollow portion and the volume of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body, specifically, before arranging the columnar lead, in other words, the columnar lead. Before the press-fitting of lead for forming an elastic body, the volume Ve of the hollow portion (hereinafter referred to as a reduced hollow portion) in a state where a load is applied to the elastic body is made to have a certain relationship, thereby As a result of the columnar lead being constrained without gaps between the elastic material layer and the rigid material layer that constitutes, the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead according to the formula (1) is guaranteed, and in addition to the above effects, durability And based on the knowledge that a seismic isolation device that is particularly excellent in seismic isolation effect and manufacturability can be provided.

  That is, in the seismic isolation device of the present invention, in addition to the area ratio, the ratio Vp / Ve between the volume Vp of the columnar lead arranged in the hollow portion and the volume Ve of the reduced hollow portion is 1.02 to 1.12. is there. The volume Ve of the reduced hollow portion increases or decreases depending on the vertical load applied to the elastic body, in other words, the weight of the structure supported by the seismic isolation device, and exceeds 1.00 times the volume Ve of the reduced hollow portion. It is also different from the volume of the hollow part in the state where the columnar lead of volume is arranged. Also in this seismic isolation device, the columnar lead having a volume sufficiently exceeding 1.00 times the volume Ve of the reduced hollow portion is arranged in the hollow portion, and the columnar lead is bitten into the elastic material layer of the elastic body. The inner peripheral surface of the elastic body that defines the above may be a concave surface at the position of the elastic material layer and a convex surface at the position of the rigid material layer.

By the way, when the cylindrical lead 4 is arranged to be less than 1.00 times the volume of the reduced hollow portion (ratio Vp / Ve = 1.00), the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 and the inner peripheral surface 9 Between the cylindrical lead 4 and the outer peripheral surface of the columnar lead 4 facing and in contact with the seismic isolation device 5 during operation of the seismic isolation device 5, that is, while the lateral force F is repeatedly applied to the seismic isolation device 5. In addition, a gap is easily generated between the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical lead 4, and unstable seismic isolation characteristics as indicated by the hysteresis curve 21 are exhibited. This is because the columnar lead 4 is not constrained to the elastic body 3 at least in the shearing direction and causes deformation other than shear deformation, and the columnar lead 4 is subjected to design shear yield stress (usually a pure purity of 99.9% or higher purity). In the case of lead at a degree, it is presumed that it also depends on not showing 85 kg / cm ² ) as a design value.

  On the other hand, when the columnar lead 4 is disposed more than 1.12 times the volume of the reduced hollow portion (ratio Vp / Ve = 1.12), the columnar lead 4 greatly bites into the elastic plate 1, 6, the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 becomes excessively concave, and the shear stress between the elastic plate 1 and the rigid plate 2 in the vicinity of this position becomes too large. . When the stress is excessively generated in this manner, the elastic plate 1 is quickly deteriorated and the durability is inferior. Further, in the manufacture of the seismic isolation device 5, in order to form the cylindrical lead 4 in the hollow portion 12, press-fitting lead more than 1.12 times the volume of the reduced hollow portion greatly increases the pressure input. In addition, the elastic body 3 may be damaged by press-fitting, and it has been found difficult.

  As is clear from the following examples, a small vibration input exhibits a high rigidity, and a large vibration input requires a function exhibiting a low rigidity, that is, a so-called trigger function. In order to cope with it preferably, the ratio Vp / Ve is preferably 1.02 or more. Further, when the ratio Vp / Ve is in the range of 1.02 to 1.07, the productivity is extremely excellent.

  In the present invention, examples of the material of the elastic material layer include natural rubber, silicon rubber, high damping rubber, urethane rubber, chloroprene rubber, and the like, and natural rubber is preferable. The thickness of each layer of the elastic material layer is preferably about 1 mm to 30 mm in an unloaded state, but is not limited thereto. In addition, examples of the material of the rigid material layer include a fiber-reinforced synthetic resin plate such as a steel plate, carbon fiber, glass fiber, or aramid fiber, or a fiber-reinforced hard rubber plate. Is preferably about 10 mm to 50 mm, and each of the other layers is preferably about 1 mm to 6 mm, but is not limited thereto, and the number of sheets is not particularly limited. The elastic body and the columnar lead are preferably an annular body and a cylindrical body, but may have other shapes such as an ellipse or a rectangular body and an ellipse or a rectangular body. There may be one columnar lead arranged through the elastic body, but instead, a plurality of hollow portions are formed in one elastic body, and the columnar lead is disposed in each of the plurality of hollow portions. You may comprise a seismic isolation apparatus. In addition, it is not necessary to arrange | position each columnar lead of these several hollow parts on the same said conditions regarding ratio Vp / Ve, and may arrange | position on different conditions, respectively, and each columnar lead is ratio Vp / Ve. It is preferable that the above condition is satisfied with respect to the above, but some of the columnar lead may be arranged so as not to satisfy the above condition with respect to the ratio Vp / Ve.

  The present invention also includes an elastic body in which an elastic material layer and a rigid material layer are alternately laminated, and the columnar lead arranged in at least one hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body. It can also be applied to a system in which one or more, preferably a plurality of seismic isolation devices are arranged between the structure and the foundation. In this case, the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead is the area ap of the columnar lead shear surface. The columnar lead is constrained by the corresponding elastic body without a gap so that the product of the design shear yield stress σpd and the ratio of the total area Σap of the columnar lead shear surface to the total area ΣAr of the load surface of the elastic body The Σap / ΣAr may be 0.01 to 0.12, and the ratio Σap / ΣAr of the total area Σap of the columnar lead shear surface to the total area ΣAr of the load surface of the elastic body is 0.01-0. 12 and the volume Vp of the columnar lead arranged in the hollow portion and the columnar lead is not inserted. Thus, if the ratio Vp / Ve to the volume Ve of the hollow portion (reduced hollow portion) in a state where a load is applied to the elastic body is 1.02 to 1.12, the above-described effects can be obtained similarly. Can do. Also in this system, a more preferable result can be obtained by setting the ratio Σap / ΣAr to 0.02 to 0.07, and by setting the ratio Σap / ΣAr to 0.03 to 0.06, On the other hand, more preferable results can be obtained, while preferable productivity can be obtained when the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.02 to 1.07.

  In addition, in the seismic isolation device of this system, the inner circumferential surface of the elastic body that defines the hollow portion has a columnar lead that bites into the elastic material layer of the elastic body and becomes a concave surface at the position of the elastic material layer. It may be convex at the position of the layer. In a system in which a plurality of seismic isolation devices are arranged, it is not necessary to arrange the plurality of seismic isolation devices under the same conditions with respect to the ratio Vp / Ve. It is preferable that each seismic isolation device satisfies the above condition with respect to the ratio Vp / Ve, but some seismic isolation devices among the plurality of seismic isolation devices do not satisfy the above condition with respect to the ratio Vp / Ve. May be arranged.

  Further, in the above-mentioned system in which one or more seismic isolation devices having columnar lead are arranged between the structure and the foundation, the elastic material layer and the rigid material layer are alternately laminated, and the hollow portion is not included. At least one other seismic isolation device having a real elastic body may be arranged between the structure and the foundation together with the seismic isolation device having columnar lead.

  At least one seismic isolation device with columnar lead and at least one seismic isolation device without solid lead and with a solid elastic body are arranged between the structure and the foundation. In such a system, the total area ΣAr of the load surface of the elastic body includes the load surface of the solid elastic body having no columnar lead, so that the ratio Σap / ΣAr satisfies the above condition, Configure each seismic isolation device.

  In any seismic isolation device including the columnar lead, the rigid material layer includes a thick rigid plate disposed on each end face side of the elastic body, and one end of the columnar lead is one thick wall. The other end of the hollow portion is densely arranged at one end of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the rigid plate, and the other end of the columnar lead is defined by the inner peripheral surface of the other thick rigid plate It is good to be densely arranged in the part.

  In the seismic isolation device 5 as shown in FIG. 2, as described above, when an earthquake of several degrees is applied, an annular gap is generated between the peripheral portions of the upper and lower surfaces of the cylindrical lead 4 and the elastic body 3, and a long-term Although the seismic isolation characteristic may be unstable due to this annular gap by use, as described above, in the present invention, both end portions of the columnar lead are formed on the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of each thick rigid plate. It is densely arranged at each end to prevent the occurrence of an annular gap and to prevent the deterioration of seismic isolation characteristics.

  According to the present invention, since the ratio Σar / Ar of the total area Σap of the columnar lead shear surface and the area Ar of the load surface of the elastic body is within a predetermined range, the structure and the foundation are excellent. The relative displacement of the structure can be reduced, and the post-quake after the earthquake can be attenuated early, which can reduce the roll of the mounted structure even in strong winds such as typhoons. It is possible to provide a seismic isolation device that can measure a sufficiently long period to exhibit a seismic isolation effect and that does not have a possibility of resonance even with long-period component ground motion. And as a result of being able to restrain the columnar lead arranged in the hollow part of the elastic body without a gap, it is possible to obtain a stable seismic isolation characteristic, and it has a trigger function and can preferably cope with large-amplitude earthquake motion. In addition, it is possible to avoid deterioration of the elastic material layer and columnar lead of the elastic body, and to provide a seismic isolation device that is particularly excellent in durability, seismic isolation effect, and manufacturability.

  Hereinafter, the present invention and the embodiments of the present invention will be further described based on preferred examples.

  The seismic isolation device 5 of this example shown in FIG. 7 has an elastic material layer composed of an annular elastic plate 1 and a rigid material layer composed of an annular thin rigid steel plate 2 and annular thick rigid steel plates 15 and 16 alternately laminated. The annular elastic body 3 formed, the cylindrical lead 4 densely arranged in the hollow portion 12 defined by at least the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3, and the bolts 17 on the steel plates 15 and 16 respectively. And a shear key 20 for fixing the flange plates 18 and 19 and the steel plates 15 and 16 to each other in the shearing direction (F direction) on the lower and upper surfaces of the cylindrical lead 4. The hollow portion 12 in which the cylindrical lead 4 is densely arranged is defined by the upper surface 21 of the lower shear key 20 and the lower surface 22 of the upper shear key 20 in addition to the inner peripheral surface 9. In the seismic isolation device 5, the steel plates 15 and 16 are embedded in an elastic material layer on the upper and lower end surfaces of the elastic body 3, and the lower end portion 23 of the columnar lead 4 is defined by the inner peripheral surface of the steel plate 15. The upper end portion 24 of the cylindrical lead 4 is densely arranged on the upper end portion of the hollow portion 12 defined by the inner peripheral surface of the steel plate 16.

  The seismic isolation device 5 is used with the flange plate 18 side connected to the foundation 10 and the flange plate 19 side connected to the structure 11. In this example, in order to form an elastic material layer, 25 annular elastic plates 1 made of natural rubber having a thickness of 5 mm are used, and in order to form a rigid material layer, an annular material having a thickness of 2.3 mm is used. Twenty-two steel plates 2 and annular steel plates 15 and 16 having a thickness of 31 mm were used.

  When manufacturing the seismic isolation device 5 of the present invention, first, the annular elastic plates 1 and the steel plates 2 are alternately laminated, and the annular steel plates 15 and 16 are disposed on the lower surface and the upper surface thereof. An annular elastic body 3 is prepared by fixing them to each other by vulcanization adhesion under pressure, and then lead is formed in the hollow portion 12 of the elastic body 3 in order to form the cylindrical lead 4 in the hollow portion 12. Press fit. The press-fitting of lead is performed by pushing lead into the hollow portion 12 with a hydraulic ram or the like so that the cylindrical lead 4 is constrained by the elastic body 3 in the hollow portion 12 without a gap. After lead press-fitting, the shear key 20 and the flange plates 18 and 19 are attached. In the formation of the elastic body 3 by vulcanization adhesion under pressure in the mold, the cylindrical coating layer 25 may be formed so as to cover the outer peripheral surfaces of the steel plates 2, 15 and 16. The thickness of the coating layer in this example was 10 mm. In the above formation, a part of the inner peripheral side of the elastic plate 1 flows to cover the inner peripheral surfaces of the steel plates 2, 15 and 16, and is the same as the cylindrical covering layer 25, but an extremely thin cylinder A shaped coating layer may be formed.

  In the seismic isolation device 5 as shown in FIG. 7 where the height of the elastic body 3 in an unloaded state is 240 mm, the structure by the vibration energy Eb of the foundation 10 at each ratio ap / Ar by changing the ratio ap / Ar. The vibration energy Es to 11 was obtained. FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the obtained ratio ap / Ar and the energy transfer rate Es / Eb by the seismic isolation device 5.

In addition to the above values, the energy transfer rate is such that the surface pressure of the seismic isolation device 5 is 80 kg / cm ² , the shear elastic modulus G of the elastic plate 1 is 6 kg / cm ² , and the input is an El Centro seismic wave. Tokachi-oki seismic wave, Hachinohe seismic wave and TAFT seismic wave were used for statistical processing.

  As is clear from FIG. 8, if the ratio ap / Ar is in the range of 0.01 to 0.12, the energy transfer rate Es / Eb is ½ or less, and the vibration energy of the foundation 10 is sufficiently attenuated. It can be seen that the signal is transmitted to the structure 11. It was also confirmed that when the ratio ap / Ar exceeds 0.12, the response acceleration ratio (response / input) is about 50% or more. Moreover, when the ratio ap / Ar is less than 0.01, the relative displacement between the structure 11 and the base 10 is, for example, 2 to 3 times or more of that at the preferable ratio ap / Ar = 0.05, which is practical. It turns out that it is not.

  Further, when the ratio ap / Ar is in the range of 0.02 to 0.07 and in the range of 0.03 to 0.06, as is apparent from FIG. It can be seen that the rate Es / Eb is obtained.

On the other hand, in the seismic isolation device 5 shown in FIG. 7, the vertical load 57 tonf (surface pressure 30 kgf / cm ² ) is applied to the seismic isolation device 5 in which the outer diameters of the steel plates 2, 15 and 16 are 500 mm and the inner diameter is 90 mm. ˜342 tonf (surface pressure 180 kgf / cm ² ) was added, and the relationship between the horizontal displacement and the horizontal force was determined by experiments. This is shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, (a) shows that when the lateral displacement (horizontal displacement) of the entire elastic plate 1 itself of the seismic isolation device 5 is 10%, (b) and (c) show the same 50% and 100 %. The ratio Vp / Ve is 1.03 when the vertical load 57tonf (surface pressure 30 kgf / cm ² ) shown in FIG. 9 is applied, and the ratio when the vertical load 114 tof (surface pressure 60 kgf / cm ² ) shown in FIG. 10 is applied. Vp / Ve is 1.00, the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.02 when the vertical load 228tonf (surface pressure 120 kgf / cm ² ) shown in FIG. 11 is applied, and the vertical load 342 tof (surface pressure 180 kgf / cm) shown in FIG. The ratio Vp / Ve when ² ) was added was 1.11. The ratio ap / Ar in the above case was 0.03.

  As is clear from FIGS. 9, 11 and 12, it can be seen that when the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.02 or more, a trigger function is particularly required, and it can preferably cope with a large-amplitude earthquake. As is clear from FIG. 10, when the ratio Vp / Ve is less than 1.00 to less than 1.02, it can be said that the trigger function cannot be preferably obtained. It has been found that when the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.07 or less, it is easy to press-fit lead into the hollow portion 12 in manufacturing, and there is no difficulty. In addition, lead was tried to be pressed into the hollow portion 12 so that the ratio Vp / Ve was 1.12 or more. However, it was found difficult to do this without damaging the elastic body 3.

  In the seismic isolation device 5, the steel plates 15 and 16 and the flange plates 18 and 19 are formed separately. However, a thick rigid plate is integrally formed on the flange plates 18 and 19 to specify the seismic isolation device. May be used.

It is a perspective view of the seismic isolation apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the seismic isolation apparatus shown in FIG. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of a seismic isolation apparatus. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of a seismic isolation apparatus. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of a seismic isolation apparatus. It is a partially expanded sectional view of the seismic isolation apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the effect of the Example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the effect of the Example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the effect of the Example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the effect of the Example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the effect of the Example shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Elastic plate 2 Rigid steel plate 3 Elastic body 4 Columnar lead 5 Seismic isolation device 12 Hollow part

Claims (9)

  At least one columnar lead, an elastic body formed by alternately laminating an elastic material layer and a rigid material layer, and at least one inner surface of the elastic body, the columnar lead being densely arranged A seismic isolation device having a hollow portion, wherein the ratio Σap / Ar of the total area Σap of the columnar lead shear surface and the area Ar of the elastic load surface is 0.01 to 0.12, and the hollow portion The ratio Vp / Ve between the volume Vp of the columnar lead arranged in the column and the volume Ve of the hollow portion when the columnar lead is not inserted and a load is applied to the elastic body is 1.02 to 1.12. Is a seismic isolation device.   The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the ratio Σap / Ar is 0.02 to 0.07.   The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the ratio Σap / Ar is 0.03 to 0.06.   The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.02 to 1.07.   It comprises an elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated, and at least one columnar lead arranged through the elastic body, and the shear yield load Qd of the columnar lead is the columnar shape. One or more seismic isolation devices in which the columnar lead is constrained to the elastic body without a gap in the shearing direction so as to be the product of the area ap of the shear plane of the lead and the designed shear yield load σpd; A seismic isolation system having one or more other seismic isolation devices having a solid elastic body in which rigid material layers are alternately laminated, wherein the total area Σap of the columnar lead shear surface and the elastic body A seismic isolation system having a ratio Σap / ΣAr of 0.01 to 0.12 with the total area ΣAr of the load surface.   One or more seismic isolation devices comprising an elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated, and columnar lead arranged in at least one hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body A ratio of Σap / ΣAr between the total area Σap of the columnar lead shear surface and the total area ΣAr of the load surface of the elastic body is 0.01 to 0.12, and is disposed in the hollow portion. The ratio Vp / Ve between the volume Vp of the columnar lead and the volume Ve of the hollow portion when the columnar lead is not inserted and a load is applied to the elastic body is 1.02 to 1.12. Seismic system.   The seismic isolation system according to claim 6, wherein the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.02-1.07.   The seismic isolation system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the ratio Σap / ΣAr is 0.02 to 0.07.   The seismic isolation system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the ratio Σap / ΣAr is 0.03 to 0.06.

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