JP3114624B2 - Seismic isolation device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device arranged between two structures to absorb the energy of a relative horizontal vibration between the two structures and to reduce the vibration acceleration applied to the structures, and more particularly to an apparatus for reducing the vibration acceleration applied to the structures. The present invention relates to a seismic isolation device that attenuates seismic energy to reduce earthquake input acceleration and prevents damage to structures such as buildings and bridges.

[0002]

As a vibration energy absorber, for example, a vibration energy absorber disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-17984 is known. This vibration energy absorber is fixed between two structures. And has a lead member that is plastically deformed by applying a shearing force. The lead member of such a vibration energy absorber preferably absorbs vibration energy in its plastic deformation without causing fatigue or the like, but after deformation, unlike a normal spring, does not return the absorbed energy to the structure, The deformed state is maintained, and it is difficult to return the structure to the original position.

As a seismic isolation device, an elastic plate made of rubber or the like constituting an elastic material layer and a metal plate constituting a rigid material layer are alternately laminated, and these are fixed to each other by vulcanization bonding or the like. The elastic body reduces the earthquake input acceleration and protects the structure from the destructive force of the earthquake, but has low vibration energy absorption capacity. Compared with the above, there are various practical problems from the viewpoint of earthquake engineering and vibration engineering, such as that it takes a long time for the post-earthquake vibration of the structure subjected to the seismic motion to subside.

Therefore, in order to combine the vibration energy absorbing ability of the lead member in the plastic deformation with the ability of reducing and restoring the earthquake input acceleration of the elastic body, the elastic body and the columnar shape arranged through the elastic body are combined. A seismic isolation device including lead is also proposed in the above publication.

A seismic isolation device 5 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is constructed by alternately laminating an elastic plate 1 made of rubber or the like constituting an elastic material layer and an annular rigid plate 2 constituting a rigid material layer. The fixed annular elastic body 3, the cylindrical lead 4 disposed in the hollow portion 12 defined by the cylindrical inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3, and the lower surface and the upper surface of the cylindrical lead 4, respectively. Flange plates 18 and 19 that are in contact with each other and are attached to the lower and upper surfaces of the elastic body 3 by bolts or the like, for example,
The flange plate 18 side is fixed to one structure such as a foundation, the other structure such as a building is placed on the flange plate 19 side, and the vertical load X 1 from the building or the like via the flange plate 19 , that is, Between the elastic plate 1 and the rigid plate 2
It is used to receive a load X in the stacking direction .

In such a seismic isolation device 5, the hollow portion 1
If the columnar lead 4 arranged on the base 2 is not restrained by the elastic body 3 without a gap, when a lateral force (horizontal force) F is generated by an earthquake, the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 and the A gap is formed between the cylindrical lead 4 and the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the lead 4 in contact, and a lateral force (horizontal force) F and a lateral displacement (horizontal displacement) shown in FIG.
In relation to δ, the effect of the elastic body 3 as shown by the hysteresis curve 21 is mainly used, the effect of the columnar lead 4 can hardly be obtained, and it becomes difficult to obtain the desired seismic isolation effect. On the other hand, the columnar lead 4
Is restrained, the elastic material layer of the elastic body 3 is excessively compressed in the plastic deformation of the columnar lead 4 by the lateral force F due to the earthquake, which also leads to early deterioration of the elastic material layer of the elastic body 3. This causes a problem in durability. In addition, cylindrical lead 4
There is a limit to the amount of lead that can be pressed into the hollow portion 12 of the elastic body 3 in order to form, and it is difficult to press-fit a certain amount or more of lead into the hollow portion 12 of the elastic body 3. When this is performed, the elastic body 3 itself may be damaged.

In the seismic isolation device 5 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, when the lateral displacement is repeatedly generated by several degrees of earthquake, the peripheral portions of the upper and lower surfaces of the columnar lead 4 are rounded, and the peripheral portions are rounded. There is a possibility that an annular gap may be formed between the portion and the elastic body 3.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and it is possible to restrain columnar lead disposed in a hollow portion of an elastic body without a predetermined gap, thereby obtaining stable seismic isolation characteristics. It is another object of the present invention to provide a seismic isolation device which can avoid fatigue and destruction of an elastic material layer of an elastic body and columnar lead, and are particularly excellent in durability, seismic isolation effect, and manufacturability.

[0009]

According to the present invention, an object of the present invention is to define a columnar lead, an elastic body in which an elastic material layer and a rigid material layer are alternately laminated, and at least an inner peripheral surface of the elastic body. A seismic isolation device having a hollow portion ,
The volume Vp of the pillars Jonamari, the columnar lead a not inserted, before
The columnar lead is densely arranged in the hollow portion so that the ratio Vp / Ve to the volume Ve of the hollow portion in a state where a load in the laminating direction is applied to the elastic body is 1.02 to 1.12. Become
This is achieved by a seismic isolation device adapted to support loads in the stacking direction .

[0010] The present invention provides a method for disposing the volume Vp of the columnar lead disposed in the hollow portion and the volume of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body, specifically, before disposing the columnar lead. even before press-fitting the lead for forming the columnar lead stacking direction in the elastic body
It has been found that a seismic isolation device in which the volume Ve of a hollow portion (hereinafter referred to as a reduced hollow portion) in a state where a load is applied has a fixed relationship is particularly excellent in durability, seismic isolation effect, and manufacturability. It was made based on it.

That is, in the seismic isolation device of the present invention, the ratio Vp / Ve of the volume Vp of the columnar lead disposed in the hollow portion to the volume Ve of the reduced hollow portion is 1.02 to 1.12. Volume Ve of the reduced hollow section, vertical load der applied to the elastic member
Due to the load in the stacking direction of the elastic material layer and the rigid material layer
In other words, it increases or decreases according to the weight of the structure supported by the seismic isolation device.
It is also different from the volume of the hollow portion in the state where the columnar lead having more than twice the volume is arranged. 1. With respect to the volume Ve of the reduced hollow portion,
In the seismic isolation device in which the columnar lead having a volume exceeding 00 times is arranged in the hollow portion, the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 defining the hollow portion 12 has a cylindrical lead shape as shown in FIG. 4 digs into the elastic plate 1 made of rubber or the like constituting the elastic material layer of the elastic body 3, and becomes an annular concave surface 31 at the position of the elastic plate 1;
At the position of the annular rigid plate 2 constituting the rigid material layer, an annular convex surface 32 is formed.

When the columnar lead 4 is disposed less than 1.00 times the volume of the reduced hollow portion (ratio Vp / Ve = 1.00), the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 A gap is likely to be formed between the outer peripheral surface of the columnar lead 4 which faces the surface 9 and is in contact with the surface 9. Therefore, during the operation of the seismic isolation device 5, that is, the lateral force F is repeatedly applied to the seismic isolation device 5. In the meantime, a gap is easily generated between the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the columnar lead 4, so that unstable seismic isolation characteristics as shown by the hysteresis curve 21 are exhibited. This is because the columnar lead 4 is not confined to the elastic body 3 at least in the shear direction without any gap, causing deformation other than shear deformation, and the columnar lead 4 has a design shear yield stress (usually a pure purity of 99.9% or more). In the case of lead, it is presumed that this is due to the fact that 85 kg / cm ² ) does not appear as a design value.

On the other hand, when the columnar lead 4 is arranged more than 1.12 times (volume Vp / Ve = 1.12) of the volume of the reduced hollow portion, the columnar lead 4 largely cuts into the elastic plate 1. As shown by reference numeral 41 in FIG.
Becomes excessively concave, and the shear stress between the elastic plate 1 and the rigid plate 2 in the vicinity of this portion becomes too large. If the stress is excessively generated as described above, the elastic plate 1 is accelerated in deterioration, and the durability is deteriorated. In the manufacture of the seismic isolation device 5, press-fitting lead more than 1.12 times the volume of the reduced hollow portion in order to form the columnar lead 4 in the hollow portion 12 significantly increases the press-fitting. In addition, it has been found that there is a possibility that the elastic body 3 may be damaged by press-fitting, which is difficult.

As will be apparent from the following embodiments, a small vibration input exhibits a high rigidity, and a large vibration input requires a function exhibiting a low rigidity, that is, a so-called trigger function. The ratio Vp / Ve is preferably 1.02 or more in order to be able to cope particularly preferably with earthquake motion. Further, the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.02 to 1.07.
Within this range, the productivity is extremely excellent.

According to the present invention, the rigid material layer includes a thick rigid plate disposed on each end surface of the elastic body, and one end of the columnar lead is formed of one of the thick rigid plates. The other end of the columnar lead is densely arranged on the other end of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the other thick rigid plate. Are arranged.
As described above, in the seismic isolation device 5 shown in FIG. 2, an annular gap is generated between the peripheral portions of the upper and lower surfaces of the columnar lead 4 and the elastic body 3 due to the application of several degrees of earthquake, so Due to this annular gap, the seismic isolation characteristics become unstable, but the present invention, as described above, separates each of the two ends of the columnar lead from each of the hollow portions defined by the inner peripheral surface of each thick rigid plate. It is arranged densely at the end to prevent the generation of an annular gap and to prevent the seismic isolation characteristics from deteriorating.

In the present invention, examples of the material of the elastic material layer include natural rubber, silicone rubber, high attenuation rubber, urethane rubber and chloroprene rubber, and preferably natural rubber. The thickness of each elastic material layer is preferably about 1 mm to 30 mm in a no-load state, but is not limited to this. Examples of the material of the rigid material layer include a steel plate, a carbon fiber, a fiber reinforced synthetic resin plate such as a glass fiber or an aramid fiber, and a fiber reinforced hard rubber plate. Is about 10 mm to 50 mm, and 1
The thickness is preferably about mm to 6 mm, but is not limited to this, and the number is not particularly limited. The elastic body and the columnar lead are preferably an annular body and a columnar body, but may have another shape, for example, an elliptical or square body and an elliptical or square body. The columnar lead may be one, but instead, a plurality of hollow portions may be formed in one elastic body, and the columnar lead may be disposed in each of the plurality of hollow portions to configure the seismic isolation device. . In addition, it is not necessary to arrange | position each columnar lead of these several hollow parts under the same conditions with respect to the ratio Vp / Ve, and they may be arranged under different conditions, respectively, and each columnar lead has a ratio Vp / Ve. It is preferable that the above condition is satisfied, but some of the plurality of columnar leads may be arranged so that the ratio Vp / Ve does not satisfy the above condition.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention and embodiments of the present invention will be further described below based on preferred embodiments.

[0018]

FIG. 5 shows a seismic isolation device 5 of this embodiment in which an elastic material layer composed of an annular elastic plate 1 and a rigid material layer composed of an annular thin rigid steel plate 2 and thick rigid steel plates 15 and 16 alternate. The elastic body 3 is laminated on each other, the columnar lead 4 densely arranged at least in the hollow portion 12 defined by the inner peripheral surface 9 of the elastic body 3, and the bolts on the steel plates 15 and 16, respectively. 17 and flange plates 18 and 19 connected via
And a shear key 20 for fixing the steel plates 15 and 16 to each other in the shear direction (F direction). The hollow portion 12 in which the columnar lead 4 is densely arranged is added to the inner peripheral surface 9. hand,
It is defined by the upper surface 21 of the lower shear key 20 and the lower surface 22 of the upper shear key 20. In the seismic isolation device 5, the steel plates 15 and 16 are embedded in the elastic material layer on the upper and lower end surfaces of the elastic body 3, and the lower end 23 of the columnar lead 4 is defined by the inner peripheral surface of the steel plate 15. The upper end 24 of the columnar lead 4 is densely arranged at the lower end of the hollow portion 12, and the hollow portion 1 defined by the inner peripheral surface of the steel plate 16.
2 are densely arranged at the upper end. The seismic isolation device 5 has the flange plate 18 side on the foundation 10 and the flange plate 1
The 9 side is connected to the structure 11 and used. In this example, in order to form the elastic material layer, the thickness is 5 m.
In order to form a rigid material layer, 25 annular steel plates 2 each having a thickness of 2.3 mm, and a ring steel plate 15 having a thickness of 31 mm were used. 16
And were used.

When manufacturing the seismic isolation device 5 of the present invention,
First, the annular elastic plates 1 and the steel plates 2 are alternately laminated, and the annular steel plates 15 and 16 are arranged on the lower surface and the upper surface thereof, and these are fixed to each other by vulcanization bonding or the like under pressure in the mold. An annular elastic body 3 is prepared, and then the hollow part 12 of the elastic body 3 is formed to form the columnar lead 4 in the hollow part 12.
Press lead in. The press-fitting of lead is performed so that the columnar lead 4 is restrained by the elastic body 3 in the hollow portion 12 without any gap.
Lead is pushed into the hollow portion 12 by a hydraulic ram or the like. After the lead press-fit, the shear key 20 and the flange plates 18 and 19 are installed. In the formation of the elastic body 3 by vulcanization bonding under pressure in the mold, the cylindrical coating layer 25 may be formed so as to cover the outer peripheral surfaces of the steel plates 2, 15, and 16. The thickness of the coating layer of this example is 10 mm
Met. In the above-mentioned formation, a part of the inner peripheral side of the elastic plate 1 flows and covers the inner peripheral surfaces of the steel plates 2, 15 and 16, and is the same as the cylindrical coating layer 25, but an extremely thin cylinder. A coating layer may be formed.

FIG. 5 shows a seismic isolation device 5 in which the height of the elastic body 3 in a no-load state is 240 mm, and the outer diameters of the steel plates 2, 15 and 16 are 500 mm and the inner diameters are 90 mm.
The vertical load 57 tonf (contact pressure 30 kgf / cm ² ) to 342 tonf (contact pressure 180
kgf / cm ² ), and the relationship between the horizontal displacement and the horizontal force was determined by experiment. This is shown in FIGS. 6A to 9, (a) shows the case where the lateral displacement (horizontal displacement) of all the elastic plates 1 of the seismic isolation device 5 is 10%.
(B) and (c) are the same for 50% and 100%. The vertical load of 57 tonf shown in FIG.
gf / cm ² ), the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.03, and the vertical load 114 tonf shown in FIG.
0 kgf / cm ² ) when adding Vp / Ve
Is 1.00, and the ratio Vp / V when a vertical load of 228 tonf (surface pressure of 120 kgf / cm ² ) shown in FIG. 8 is applied.
Ve is 1.02 and the vertical load of 342 tonf shown in FIG.
The ratio Vp / Ve when applying (surface pressure of 180 kgf / cm ² ) was 1.11.

As is clear from FIGS. 6, 8 and 9, when the ratio Vp / Ve is 1.02 or more, a trigger function is particularly required, and it is possible to preferably cope with a large amplitude earthquake. . Also, as is apparent from FIG.
When p / Ve is less than 1.00 to 1.02, it can be said that the trigger function cannot be preferably obtained. When the ratio Vp / Ve was 1.07 or less, it was found that press-fitting of lead into the hollow portion 12 was easy in manufacturing, and was not so difficult. In addition, lead was pressed into the hollow portion 12 so that the ratio Vp / Ve became 1.12 or more. However, it was found that it was difficult to do this without damaging the elastic body 3.

In the seismic isolation device 5, the steel plates 15 and 16
Although the flange plates 18 and 19 are formed separately, a thick rigid plate may be integrally formed with the flange plates 18 and 19 to realize the seismic isolation device.

[0023]

As described above, according to the present invention, the columnar lead disposed in the hollow portion of the elastic body can be restrained as desired, so that a stable seismic isolation characteristic can be obtained, and the trigger function can be provided. A seismic isolation device that can preferably cope with large-amplitude seismic motions, and in addition, can avoid deterioration of the elastic material layer of the elastic body and columnar lead, and is particularly excellent in durability, seismic isolation effect, and manufacturability. Can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a seismic isolation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the seismic isolation device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the seismic isolation device.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the seismic isolation device shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the effect of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the effect of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the effect of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the effect of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Elastic plate 2 Rigid steel plate 3 Elastic body 4 Cylindrical lead 5 Seismic isolation device 12 Hollow part

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-2-56204 (JP, U) JP-B-61-17984 (JP, B2) Earthquake Engineering and Structure al Dynamics, Vol. 10, 593-604 (1982) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16F 1/00-6/00 F16F 15/00-15/32 E01D 19/04 E04B 1/36 E04H 9 / 02 331

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A seismic isolation device comprising: a columnar lead; an elastic body in which elastic material layers and rigid material layers are alternately laminated; and at least a hollow portion defined by an inner peripheral surface of the elastic body. an apparatus, and a volume Vp pillars Jonamari, the columnar lead a not inserted, the ratio Vp / Ve of the volume Ve of the hollow portion in a state where a load in the stacking direction is applied to the elastic body 1 . 02 ~
The columnar lead is densely arranged in the hollow portion so that
A seismic isolation device configured to support the load in the stacking direction . Wherein said ratio Vp / Ve is 1.02 to 1.0
7. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1. 3. An inner peripheral surface of the elastic body defining the hollow portion, wherein the columnar lead bites into the elastic material layer of the elastic body and is concave at the position of the elastic material layer. The seismic isolation device described. The inner peripheral surface of 4. A resilient body defining said hollow portion, bite columnar lead to an elastic material layer of the elastic body, any of claims 1 to 3 that is a convex surface at the position of the rigid material layers
Seismic isolation device according to an item or. Wherein said rigid material layer is provided with a thick rigid plates disposed respectively that on each end face of the elastic body, one end of the columnar lead, the inner periphery of one of the thick rigid plate are densely arranged at one end of the hollow portion defined by the surface, the other end portion of the columnar lead, densely at the other end of the hollow portion defined by the inner peripheral surface of the other thick rigid plate The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , which is arranged. 6. The elastic material layer is made of an elastic plate.
The rigid material layer is made of a steel plate, and the inner peripheral surface of the steel plate has elasticity.
An extremely thin cylinder formed by flowing part of the inner circumference of the plate
6. The method according to claim 1, which is covered with a coating layer.
The seismic isolation device according to claim 1.