JPH09103125A - Air seeding greening and greening material for air seeding - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide air seeding greening for afforesting a disaster area of volcanic eruption, a debris flow site, an affected area of forest fire, etc., and to obtain an air seeding greening material used therefor. SOLUTION: This air seeding greening material is obtained by blending greening bags for ecosystem maintenance obtained by packing a plant growth base material, a plant seed and a substance for a porous structure in a baggy material formed by using any of a net, a nonwoven fabric and a woven fabric made of a natural fiber such as a plant, an animal to be decayed, etc., with greening pellets obtained by compressing molding the plant growth base material and the plant seed. The air seeding green material is put in a bucket and is scattered by aerial application by a helicopter or an aircraft.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention provides materials, construction equipment, etc. for roads, dangers, obstacles, etc. in areas such as volcanic eruption disaster areas, landslide sites, and forest fire disaster areas. The present invention relates to an aerial vegetation planting method for planting a place that cannot be transported to the site or a remote place that is difficult to reach without a helicopter or an airplane, and an aerial planting material for aviation seeding used therefor.

[0002]

[Prior Art] A volcanic eruption disaster area and a landslide site are
Because there is no fertilized soil mixed with organic matter, the plant growth environment is not set up and it is difficult to green in nature. In addition, if it rains, there is a risk of causing secondary disasters such as debris flow and new landslides. To prevent this, artificial early greening is desired.

However, these volcanic eruption disaster sites, landslide sites, forest fire disaster sites, etc. have no roads, are steep, are dangerous because they may cause a secondary disaster, have obstacles, and have materials and construction. There are many cases where equipment cannot be transported. In this way, greening a place where it is difficult to reach without a helicopter or an airplane because it is a place where materials and construction equipment cannot be transported, a dangerous place, or a remote place is a greening material for conventional vegetation nets, vegetation boards, vegetation mats, etc. It was practically impossible to construct by the method of sticking or spraying the slab on the slope.

In recent years, as a method of greening such bad places, an aerial actual planting method has been proposed, in which vegetation materials and greening materials are sprayed in the air by a helicopter or an airplane, and materials and construction methods therefor have been developed. Has been. However, the satisfactory materials and new aerial seeding greening method have not been completed yet.

Up to now, the aerial actual seeding type greening method that has been attempted is an application of a conventional spraying method, in which seed, a growth base material and water are mixed and stirred to form a wet slurry greening material ( The same specification as the general mechanical spraying method) was packed in a bucket, carried to the site by helicopter or airplane, and sprayed in the air. With this method, the greening material can be sprayed uniformly according to the unevenness of the site topography, and the adhesion immediately after spraying is also good,
Since the mixture of plant seeds, growth base material and water is carried to the site by helicopter or airplane, there is a lot of water relative to the weight (6
Since the amount of important growth base material is reduced,
If it is not applied in a large amount, it will be ineffective and economically impractical. In addition, if the sunshine continues after construction, the water will evaporate and become dry, and if there is a large amount of rainfall, it will easily be washed away, and eventually it will sprout or not depending on the natural weather after construction. .

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention As a result of examining technical problems necessary for the aviation actual seeding greening method, the present inventor considers at least the following points Thought necessary.

Since it is sprayed in the air using an aircraft or a helicopter, it should be an efficient material that is as light as possible and that requires a small spraying amount.

[0008] Even when sprayed in the air, the greening material should fall stably, be as evenly and reliably scattered as possible, and be able to adhere to and be in close contact with the topography of the site.

It is necessary to prevent the greening material after spraying from being washed away by wind and rain as much as possible.

To prevent erosion and dryness by the covering effect of the greening material, and to maintain and protect nutrients and water to enhance the curing effect.

[0011] After the spraying construction, the greening material should improve the soil in the spraying area.

Providing useful micro-organisms to the area of application and allowing them to settle.

Consideration is given to the restoration and conservation of the ecosystem by the greening material itself, so that the spraying construction area forms an ecosystem including the small animal chain around the plant and promotes the restoration of nature. To do.

That is, the basic idea and characteristics of the present invention can be summarized into the following three points.

First, since it is premised on airborne spraying from an aircraft or a helicopter, an efficient and economical aerial planting greening material suitable for this has been developed.

Secondly, a method for developing a harsh natural environment in which plants do not grow into a natural environment in which plants can germinate and grow simply by spraying a planting material in the air at the planting site. In other words, the inventors have found a method of changing the site to a state in which plants can germinate and grow as stably as possible by a simple and limited construction method of spraying greening materials in the air.

Thirdly, with the passage of time, the germinated and settled plant forms an ecosystem including the biological chain of the plant and the small animal and the small animal chain around the plant, and nature is restored. What I did. In other words, even if it is impossible to restore a complete natural ecosystem, it is defined as creating a "homogeneous limited area with a specific environmental condition that allows a specific biological community to exist" (biological dictionary). The realization of the biotope concept.

[0018] In order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention provides an ecological conservation greening bag in which a vegetation base material having a reduced water content, seeds and a substance for a porous structure are packed, and a water content reduced. Recalling that the vegetation base material and the greening pellets obtained by compression-molding seeds were combined and sprayed in the air, the shape and structure were devised, and a new aerial seeding greening method was successfully developed.

[0019]

The first invention for which a patent is sought is a bag-like shape formed by using a corrosive plant, a net made of natural fibers such as animals, paper, non-woven fabric or cloth. Plant growth base material, plant seeds, ecological preservation greening bag filled with a substance for porous structure, and green pellets formed by compression molding the plant growth base material and plant seeds The mixture of and is used as a greening material for aviation seeding,
This is an aerial planting method for aviation, characterized by putting this in a bucket and spraying it in the air with a helicopter or an aircraft.

The first aspect of the present invention is an aerial planting method for aerial planting, which is a combination method of a green bag for ecological conservation and a green pellet as described above. What the inventor has made the most efforts in the present invention is the development and combination of the aerial planting greening material used therein.

[0021] The former greening bag for ecological conservation not only contains the plant growth base material and the seeds of the plant in the bag-shaped body, but also, based on the concept of biotope, is one ecological environment region. In order to be suitable for making, the physical structure of the porous environment structure was intentionally incorporated.

The environmental conditions for embodying the ecological environment area based on the above concept of biotope are the presence of various holes and gaps in which plants and animals can easily survive. For plants, for example, it is important that there is sufficient space in the rooting soil, for animals,
The existence of various holes and gaps that hide the body and run the nest is essential. In other words, a porous environment with as many gaps as possible is essential for the restoration and creation of rich ecosystems.

However, conventional vegetation is limited only to the growth action of plants, and it is not possible to consider the ecological chain action between plants and animals, and there is no idea that it has a porous structure part where small animals easily inhabit. It was According to the present invention, based on the concept of biotope, in order to make a vegetation suitable for constructing one ecosystem environment area, the bag-like body is intentionally provided with a physical structure called a porous environment structure. It was decided. That is, in addition to the conventional vegetation function, the ecological greening bag is provided with the function of allowing a specific biological community to live.

The green bag for ecological conservation is a simple and rough construction method in which a plant growth base material, plant seeds and a substance for porous structure are packed in a bag-like body, and sprayed in the air due to the covering effect. However, it was designed so that it would not be scattered apart and would not be destroyed and lose its vegetation function and biotic community habitation function. In addition, even after landing at the site, it prevents erosion and drying of the packed plant growth base material and seeds, retains and protects nutrients and water to ensure reliable germination and growth, as well as some wind and rain. Depending on its own, it prevents the washout of greenery pellets scattered around and its own,
It is designed to enhance the curing effect.

The bag-like body is formed by using any one of corrosive plants, animals such as natural fiber nets, paper, non-woven fabric or cloth. Although hemp sacks and the like are practical in terms of cost, it goes without saying that they are not limited to these as long as they are made of natural fibers such as corrosive plants and animals. Chemical fibers and synthetic fibers are inexpensive, but they do not decompose over a long period of time, and they prevent plant growth, so they must be avoided.

On the other hand, the green pellets are obtained by compression-molding a plant growth base material and plant seeds. The reason for compression molding into pellets is as follows.

[0027] Firstly, if the powdery or small granular form is left as it is, most of it will be blown away by the wind when it is sprayed in the air, and it will be scattered farther than necessary. This is because it will no longer land around the greening bag.

Secondly, when the green pellets are sprayed in the air as a small lump of vegetation base material which is bare, the small lump of pellet is broken by the impact of the drop at the time of landing so that the small sphere is scattered around the area. Is. That is, the green bag for ecological conservation is scattered as a large number of points due to the aerial spraying, whereas the green pellet is broken and scattered in a small area in the periphery to become a scattered state with a planar spread.

Thirdly, by compressing the green pellets, the pellets are dehydrated to be small in size and light in weight, so that a large amount of vegetation base material and seeds can be carried and distributed during transportation or spraying. Is. Moreover, the reason is that when water is absorbed, the volume expands and collapses three to five times, so that soil improvement at the landing site and improvement of the greening environment can be efficiently performed. In particular, air spraying by aircraft or helicopter has a fixed amount that can be sprayed at one time, and the cost is often high, so it is possible to spray a substantially large amount of plant growth base material by compressing,
It is possible to reduce the number of times of application and the application cost.

Fourthly, the green pellets are compressed because they are collapsed while increasing the amount of water in the water, so that the surface soil around the ecological conservation green bag that retains the vegetation function and the organism community functioning function. The purpose is to mix these with nutrients and to activate these beneficial soil microorganisms in the area to promote soil improvement. That is, the green pellets have a role of adjusting and supporting the surrounding environment of the green bag for ecological conservation.

As described above, when the aerial planting greening material, which is a combination of the ecological greening bag and the greening pellets, is sprayed in the air, both of them fall with an appropriate spread and land on almost the same area. Moreover, the ecological preservation greening bags are scattered in a predetermined area with the necessary amount of the base material etc. as they are, while the greening pellets are scattered in the area around the ecological preservation greening bags. Scattered in the state. Then, the green pellets swell several times by water, collapse and mix with the topsoil, creating an environment where the surroundings can easily be green. That is, the vegetation function and the biotic community habitation function play a central role in the ecological conservation greening bag, and the greening pellets mainly perform the soil improvement function in the surrounding area and the expansion function of the biological community habitation area. It works as a complement.

Further, the ecological preservation greening bag functions to prevent the surrounding greening pellets from being washed away by wind and rain. At the same time, the ecological preservation greening bag is half-filled with the surrounding soil. In addition to promoting the germination and survival in the spraying area by the synergistic effect of both, it greatly promotes its spread as a greening area. It is a thing.

Furthermore, in the greening bag for ecological conservation,
It has a built-in porous structural material that can serve as a habitat for microbes and small animals based on the biotope concept, and thus promotes the formation of a biota habitat (biotope). In other words, these microorganisms and small animals will promote soil organicification and soil fertility, and will accelerate improvement of the greening environment over time.

The second invention to be patented is to form a bag-like body by using a net body made of a natural fiber such as a corrosive plant or animal, paper, non-woven fabric or cloth, In the body, fertilizer, soil improver, water retention material, useful soil microorganism group,
Plant growth base material that is a mixture of two or more selected from soil organic matter, chitin, chitosan, or crustacean shell, plant seeds, and ropes, hemp ropes, and other fiber formed from plant fibers A core material and / or a jari consisting of any of the strips, a crushed rock, a shell, a crushed concrete, a crushed brick, or a porous structural material consisting of a shape-retaining granule according to a combination thereof, Ecological conservation greening bags, fertilizers, soil conditioners,
Water-retaining material, useful soil microbial group, soil organic matter, chitin, chitosan or green pellets formed by compression molding plant seeds and plant seeds, which are a mixture of two or more selected from crustacean shells Prepared, mixed with the ecological conservation greening bag and greening pellets to form an aerial seeding greening material, put it in a bucket, and sprayed in the air with a helicopter or an aircraft. This is the aviation actual planting method.

In the second invention, the constituent elements of the first invention are more specifically clarified and specified. This aerial planting method not only promotes germination and survival in the spraying area, but also promotes germination and survival in the spraying area due to the synergistic effect of both by spraying the ecological conservation greening bag and the greening pellets in the air. It is the same as in the first aspect of the present invention that greatly promotes its spread as a greening area that forms a habitat (biotope). The features of the present invention clarified here are useful soil microorganisms in the greening bag for ecological conservation, chitin, chitosan or crustacean shells that promote activation as food, and microorganisms based on the biotope concept. It is the point that it is equipped with a substance for porous structure that becomes a home for small animals.

Chitin and chitosan may be contained, for example, by immersing the core material in the same extract, and the shells of crustaceans such as crab shells and shrimp shells may be mixed as powder or sprinkled on the core material. Thus, it may be contained in the plant growth base material. These chitins, chitosans, and shells of crustaceans are structural polysaccharides and have the action of multiplying useful bacteria such as actinomycetes and gradually eliminating soil pathogenic bacteria to produce healthy soil. As a result, as the effect of the present invention, suppression of physiological disorders of plants,
It has effects such as reduction of continuous crop failure, suppression of pathogenic bacteria (featherium, rhizoctria), soil improvement, and fermentation promotion of Bokashi compost.

Further, the porous structural material based on the biotope concept in the present invention is a combination of a core material and shape-retaining granules. Since the core material is made of plant fibers, the microorganisms are It also serves as a feed for small animals and as a suitable material for building nests, and helps to ensure air permeability and a variety of small spaces. In addition, the shape-retaining granules are used to ensure that the shape of the ecological bag is not easily crushed or collapsed, and that it is permanently breathable and has various small spaces. is there. Therefore, the combination of the two is useful for the formation of a biological community habitat (biotope) together with the plants that germinate and grow.

[0038] In a third invention to be granted a patent, the ecological preservation greening bag has a substantially cylindrical shape having a diameter of 30 to 150 mm and a length of 300 to 1000 mm.
The green pellet has a height of 30 to 200 mm and a width of 30 to 1
It has a pillar shape of 50 mm and a length of 30 to 300 mm, and the ecological preservation greening bag and the greening pellet are 1:
Aerial field planting according to the first or second invention, characterized by being sprayed in the air by a helicopter or an aircraft, using the aerial field planting material mixed in a ratio of 2 to 2: 1 (weight ratio). It is a construction method.

The third aspect of the present invention specifies the size and mixing ratio of the ecological preservation greening bag and the greening pellet. The sizes of both are empirically specified from the viewpoints of ease of handling when transporting and spraying these materials. If both are too small, they will be too light when sprayed in the air and the effect of the wind will be too great, and they will be scattered far away from the planned target area, or they will spread too much than planned and the density of the component will become thin as planned. Will no longer be effective. In other words, it becomes difficult to reliably land the greening material on the target area and to create an appropriate dispersed state.

On the other hand, if it is larger than this, not only does it become heavy and difficult to carry and transfer to a bucket, but when it is sprayed in the air, it falls in a straight line in an extremely narrow range due to its weight, Since it does not cause appropriate spread and dispersion, it becomes difficult to realize efficient and uniform dispersion and scattered state in the designated greenery site with a predetermined size. In addition, since there are certain restrictions on the size and weight of buckets that can be transported by airplane or helicopter, if they are too large, the number that can be spread will be small, and it will be difficult to create a proper dispersion and scattered state.

The mixing ratio of the two is determined in consideration of the geology of the site, the amount of soil and rocks, the slope, the climate and the like.

Further, the green bag for ecological conservation is made into a long and slender cylindrical shape, which may slide down or roll down in the case of a protruding rock on which plants are hard to grow or a steep slope above a certain level. The reason is that it can be firmly stopped on a gently sloping ground, flat ground or a depressed ground, and it can easily adhere to unevenness on the site.

On the other hand, the reason why the green pellets are formed in a pillar shape is that they are fragile when dropped due to their angular shape, and they are prevented from rolling too much from the landing point even if they do not break.

A fourth invention for which a patent is sought is a plant growth base material in a bag-like body formed by using a net body made of a natural fiber such as a corrosive plant or animal, paper, non-woven fabric or cloth. A mixture of plant seeds, an ecological preservation greening bag filled with a porous structure substance, and a greening pellet obtained by compression-molding a plant growth base material and plant seeds. It is a featured greening material for aviation sowing.

A fifth invention to be patented is a fertilizer in a bag-like body formed by using a net body made of natural fiber of corrosive plants, animals, etc., paper, non-woven fabric or cloth.
Soil conditioner, water retention material, useful soil microbial group, soil organic matter,
A plant growth base material made by mixing two or more kinds selected from chitin, chitosan or crustacean shells, seeds of plants and plants, ropes, hemp ropes, and cords formed from other plant fibers Cores and / or jari consisting of any of the bodies, crushed rocks, shells, crushed concrete,
Porous structural material consisting of crushed bricks or shape-retaining granules according to a combination of these, and a greening bag for ecological conservation, which is filled with fertilizer, soil improving material, water retaining material, useful soil microorganisms Group, soil organic matter, shells of crustaceans, chitin chitosan, etc. It is a greening material for aviation actual sowing characterized by

A sixth invention to be granted a patent is that the ecological conservation green bag has a substantially cylindrical shape having a diameter of 30 to 150 mm and a length of 300 to 1000 mm.
The green pellets have a height of 50 to 200 mm and a width of 30 to 1
It has a pillar shape of 50 mm and a length of 30 to 300 mm, and the ecological preservation greening bag and the greening pellet are 1:
It is the greening material for aviation actual seeding according to the fourth invention and the fifth invention, characterized by being mixed in a ratio of 2 to 2: 1 (weight ratio).

The above-mentioned fourth, fifth, and sixth inventions are aviation seeding greening materials used in the aviation seeding greening method. As described above, all of them can be dispersed while being appropriately dispersed by aerial spraying in the direction of actual aviation, and can be dispersed almost uniformly in a target area of a predetermined range. Among them, the greening bag for ecological conservation is a dispersion point where the plant growth base material, plant seeds, and porous environmental structure remain packed in the bag while maintaining its structure, vegetation function and biological community habitation function. When it lands, it stays in conformity with the uneven shape of the site and stops there, so that it will not be washed away by some wind and rain.

Further, the ecological preservation greening bag is not limited to one in which a plant growth base material and plant seeds are put in a bag-like body, and one ecological environment area based on the concept of biotope. Since it was a vegetation suitable for building, a part of it was intentionally provided with a physical structure called a porous environment structure. That is, in addition to the conventional vegetation function, the vegetation has a function to allow a specific organism community to inhabit.

On the other hand, the green pellets can be transported more by compression molding the plant growth base material, and even when sprayed in the air, they become a lump and spread appropriately in the same area as the ecological greening bag. Falling, collapsing and spreading in the surrounding area, spreading the soil, improving soil by mixing with the surrounding topsoil, assisting the vegetation function and biological community habitation function of the ecological conservation greening bag, and greening and natural restoration Has the function of promoting

[0050]

EXAMPLE The present invention does not artificially attach or spray a greening material on site like the conventional slope greening, but simply sprays it in the air by an aircraft or a helicopter. This is an epoch-making greening work to green the barren site area as reliably as possible by the construction method.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the ecological preservation greening bag according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of the ecological preservation greening bag. 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of the contents packed in the ecological preservation greening bag, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the ecological preservation greening bag according to the present invention, FIG. 5: is the sectional view on the AA line of the ecological preservation greening bag body. In addition, FIG.
(B) is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a green pellet according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a structure and a manufacturing method of another embodiment of the green pellet according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a perspective explanatory view showing a state in which a predetermined amount of the ecological preservation greening bag and the greening pellets are packed together in a packaging bag and used as an aerial seeding greening material.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a green bag 1 for ecological conservation, which is a bag-shaped body made of a corrosive plant, a net made of natural fibers such as animals, paper, non-woven fabric or cloth. The body 2 is filled with a plant growth base material 3, plant seeds 4, and a porous structure material 5. In the experimental construction in the mountain eruption disaster area in the illustrated example, the bag-shaped body 1 has a linen-shaped bag-shaped body and a paper-made bag-shaped body because of their economical efficiency, coarseness of the stitches, strength, flexibility and corrosion. I prepared two types. This is in order to respond to nature in various ways by preparing both those that decompose rapidly in time and expose seeds and those that decompose slowly and expose seeds.

The plant growth base material 3 is a fertilizer, a soil conditioner, a water retention material, a useful soil microorganism group, a soil organic matter, chitin,
It is a mixture of two or more selected from chitosan or crustacean shells. The plant growth base material 3 in the experimental construction in the volcanic eruption disaster area is Bokashi compost and bark compost (fertilizer), peat moss (soil organic matter), zeolite (soil conditioner), pH adjuster, water retention material, useful soil microorganism group. , Chitin and chitosan were mixed and stirred. The plant growth base material 3 has a water content as small as possible and a specific gravity of 0.1 to 0.5.

The porous structural material 5 is a core material 6 and / or a jari made of rope, hemp rope or other filaments formed of plant fibers, crushed rocks, shells, crushed concrete, crushed materials. And the shape-retaining granular material 7 according to the combination thereof.
As the porous structure substance 5 in the illustrated example, a rope soaked in a chitin / chitosan solution was embedded as the core material 6, and a small amount of jari was packed as the shape-retaining granular material 7.

The specific selection of the plant seeds 4 is determined according to the local situation, but as woody plants, it is necessary to select and prepare, for example, yamahagi, weasel, komatsuna, yashabushi, muscule, oak, arakashi, etc. As plants, Medhagi, Japanese pampas grass, Japanese knotweed, Kentucky 31 fescue, weeping lovegrass, cosmos, etc. were selected and prepared. In the experimental construction at the volcanic eruption disaster area, weeping love glass main bag, Medhagi main bag,
Three types of varieties of komatsuna mainly were made, and different types of seeds were mixed in each bag.

The shape of the ecological conservation greening bag 1 has a diameter of 30 to 150 mm and a length of 300 to 1000.
mm cylindrical shape (2 mm as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5)
Includes those that are linked or linked. ) Is desirable. This is because the natural conditions of the construction site are not constant, it is easy to adapt to the unevenness of the terrain, and if it falls on boulders or rocks, it rolls down easily and can be installed on the ground, and its shape can be freely deformed and stable. This is because it becomes possible to adhere to the ground surface. 100mm (diameter) in the experimental construction in the volcanic eruption disaster area
800 mm (length) and 70 mm (diameter) x 300 mm
Two types of (length) were prepared.

Next, green pellets 8 are fertilizers, soil conditioners, water retention materials, useful soil microbial groups, soil organic matter, chitin, as shown in FIGS. 6 (a), (b) and FIG.
A plant growth base material 3 obtained by mixing two or more kinds selected from chitosan or crustacean shells and a plant seed 4 are compression-molded. This greening pellet 8
Is compressed at a pressure of 30 tons to 50 tons. It has a low water content and is lightweight, but since it is a solid mass due to this compression, it does not fly far away when sprayed in the air, and the ecological conservation green bag 1
They fall under almost the same conditions as above, and both are in a state of almost even spraying.

Moreover, since the green pellets 8 are solidified only by the pressure, the lumps often break and spread due to the impact at the time of landing. Even if the green pellets 8 do not break, they can be absorbed by absorbing moisture such as rain and dew after landing. It collapses while expanding by a factor of 5 to 5. In this way, when it expands by absorbing water and returns to a normal base material, it expands 3 to 5 times, which means that a substantial amount of plant growth base material 3 can be sprayed. Soil improvement and greening environment improvement can be efficiently performed. In particular, the amount of air sprayed by aircraft or helicopter is fixed at one time, and
Since the cost is also high, it is possible to reduce the frequency of spraying in the air and also to reduce the cost.

The shape of the green pellet 8 is as shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), it may have a cylindrical shape 6a or a prismatic shape 6b, or as shown in FIG. 7, a cubic shape or a rectangular parallelepiped shape 6c. According to the result of the experiment, the green pellet 8 has a height of 30 to 200 mm and a width of 30 to 150 m.
A columnar shape with m and a length of 30 to 300 mm is desirable.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram in which the plate piece 3a of the plant growth base material 3 having a high degree of compression and the plate piece 3b of the plant growth base material 3 having a low degree of compression are stuck together. The configuration is such that the plant seeds 4 are sandwiched between the boundaries of matching. This is because the plate pieces 3a and 3b break apart and disperse with a predetermined spread during a drop impact, the difference in compression degree makes the breakage uneven, and the swelling and disintegration due to the absorption of water is time-consuming. It is designed to be able to deal with the natural diversity, such as the difference in slow speed.

The ecological preservation greening bag 1 and the greening pellets 8 thus formed can be mixed and bagged as shown in FIG. 8 to obtain the aerial seeding greening material 9. The method of bagging is as follows: Ecological preservation greening bag 1 and greening pellets 8
May be packed in a mixed state, or may be packed in a bag so that they are alternately stacked in layers with a constant thickness. In addition, depending on the geology of the spraying site, both are 1: 2
Mixing at a ratio of 2: 1 (weight ratio) 9
Is good.

An aerial planting greening material 9 obtained by mixing the ecological preservation greening bag 1 and the greening pellets 8 was put in a bucket 10 whose bottom can be opened, as shown in FIG. In addition, the bucket 10 is hung by a helicopter 11 or an aircraft and carried to the site, and sprayed in the air as shown in FIG. 11. As shown in FIG. 12, as a standard, it is spread in a width of 10 to 12 m by aerial spraying from a height of 30 m. In the experimental construction in the volcanic eruption disaster area,
1051 green bag 1 for ecological conservation per 1.00 ha
00 (5250 kg) and 7,000 green pellets (4410 kg) were sprayed.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a state in which the helicopter 11 sprays the aerial planting greening material 9 in the air on a sloping ground at the site in an experimental construction in a volcanic eruption disaster area.
FIG. 14 shows that after the sprayed aerial seeding greening material 9 has landed, the ecological conservation greening bag 1 is swollen and collapsed, and the greened pellets 8 are mixed with the surrounding topsoil and turned into soil, and the entire spraying area is blocked. It is a longitudinal section explanatory view showing a state of germination and survival. FIG. 15 is a partially enlarged perspective view of FIG.
FIG. 15 is a partially enlarged perspective view of FIG. 14.

As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the state after spraying in the air is a state in which the greening pellets 8 in which the ecological preservation greening bag 1 has swollen and collapsed are scattered irregularly, and this is caused by wind and rain. Eventually, it mixes with the surrounding topsoil, soaks in nutrients to improve the surrounding soil, and protects the ecological conservation greening bag 1 that keeps its shape for a long period of time with the packaging to prevent the surrounding topsoil and swollen and collapsed greening pellets 8 from flowing away.
The ecological conservation greening bag 1 and the surrounding soil are integrated. In this way, the plant growth environment is adjusted for the entire area sprayed in the air, so that the germination and elongation of the plant are stable. Moreover, the components of the ecological preservation greening bag 1 and the greening pellets 8 include useful soil microorganisms, as well as soil organic matter to feed them, chitin, chitosan or shells of crustaceans that activate them. Furthermore, since the core material 6 and / or the shape-retaining granular material 7 that serves as a house for them are included, the activities of microorganisms start and promote soil improvement in the surrounding area. If this happens, small animals will also come to coexist with plants and microorganisms, which will accelerate the restoration of the resource environment. FIG. 16 shows a state in which plants have germinated and settled from the ecological preservation greening bag 1 and its surroundings in an experimental construction in a volcanic eruption disaster area.

[0066]

[Effect] The present invention has a form suitable for efficient aerial spraying as a vegetation, and it is possible to create a substantially evenly scattered state by dispersing with a suitable spread only by the act of aerial spraying. It was developed by devising a greening material. There are two types of greening materials that have been sprayed and landed on the site: those that retain their shape as vegetation and those that absorb and absorb water to increase the amount of material that they disintegrate. And achieve reliable germination and survival. Furthermore, based on the concept of biotope,
When time passes after construction, not only plants but also microorganisms and small animals gather and coexist with each other, promoting soil formation in the construction area and allowing a specific biological community to permanently form an ecosystem. The natural environment can be restored at an accelerated rate through interaction.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a green bag for ecological conservation according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of the ecological conservation greening bag.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a configuration of contents packed in a green bag for ecological conservation according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the ecological preservation greening bag according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the ecological conservation greening bag.

6 (a) and (b) are perspective views showing an embodiment of a green pellet according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a structure and a manufacturing method of another embodiment of the green pellet according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective explanatory view showing a state in which a predetermined amount of the ecological preservation greening bag and the greening pellets are packed together in a packaging bag and used as an aerial seeding greening material.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state in which a planting material for actual aviation seeding is put in a bucket.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing an example of an aerial spraying bucket whose bottom portion can be opened.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a work state in which this bucket is hung by a helicopter and airborne in the field.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a standard aerial spraying state of a helicopter.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a state when a helicopter sprays an aerial planting greening material in the air on a sloping ground in a field in an experimental construction in a volcanic eruption disaster area.

[Fig. 14] After the sprayed aerial seeding greening material landed, the greening pellets in which the ecological conservation greening bag had swollen and collapsed mixed with the surrounding topsoil and turned into soil, were blocked, and germinated from the entire spraying area. It is a longitudinal section explanatory view showing a state of being rooted.

FIG. 15 is a partially enlarged perspective view of FIG.

FIG. 16 is a partially enlarged perspective view of FIG.

[Explanation of main symbols]

 1 ... Ecological preservation greening bag 2 ... Bag 3 ... Plant growth base material 4 ... Plant seeds 5 ... Porous structural material 6 ... Core material 7 ... Shape-retaining granular material 8 ... Greening pellets 9 ... Aviation fruit Greening material for sowing 10 ... Bucket 11 ... Helicopter

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] February 16, 1996

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Fig. 6

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a green pellet according to the present invention, in which (a) is a prismatic embodiment,
(B) is an example of a cylindrical shape.

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Drawing

[Correction target item name] Fig. 6

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIG. 6

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Drawing

[Correction target item name] FIG.

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIG.

[Procedure Amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Drawing

[Correction target item name] FIG.

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIG. 16

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A plant growth base material, plant seeds, and a porous structure in a bag-like body formed by using a corrosive plant, a net made of natural fibers of animals or the like, paper, non-woven fabric or cloth. A mixture of an ecological conservation greening bag filled with a chemical substance and a greening pellet formed by compression molding of the plant growth base material and plant seeds is not used as an aerial seeding greening material An aerial planting method for aviation, characterized by putting this in a bucket and spraying it in the air with a helicopter or an aircraft. 2. A bag-like body is formed using any one of a corrosive plant, a net made of natural fibers of animals or the like, paper, non-woven fabric or cloth, and the fertilizer, soil improver, Water retaining material, useful soil microorganisms, soil organic matter, chitin, chitosan or plant growth base material that is a mixture of two or more selected from shells of crustaceans, plant seeds, ropes, hemp ropes, etc. Porous core and / or jari consisting of any of the filaments formed from the plant fiber, crushed rocks, shells, crushed concrete, crushed bricks, or shape-retaining granules of the combination thereof It is selected from ecological conservation greening bags filled with structural substances, fertilizers, soil conditioners, water retention materials, useful soil microbial groups, soil organic matter, chitin, chitosan or shells of crustaceans. Two or more Prepare a greening pellets obtained by compression molding a plant growth base material and plant seeds mixed with each other, and mixing the ecological conservation greening bag and the greening pellets with an aerial seeding greening material None, an aerial planting method, characterized by putting it in a bucket and spraying it in the air with a helicopter or an aircraft. 3. The ecological conservation green bag has a diameter of 3
It has a substantially cylindrical shape of 0 to 150 mm and a length of 300 to 1000 mm, and the green pellets have a height of 30 to 2
00 mm, width 30-150 mm, length 30-300 mm
A helicopter or an aircraft using a greening material for aviation actual seeding, which is a pillar shape and is mixed with the greening bag for ecological conservation and the greening pellets at a ratio of 1: 2 to 2: 1 (weight ratio). The aerial actual planting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method is carried out in the air. 4. A plant growth base material, plant seeds, and a substance for porous structure in a bag using a net body made of a corrosive plant, a natural fiber of animals or the like, paper, non-woven fabric or cloth. An aerial planting material for aerial seeding, which comprises a mixture of a greening bag for protecting the ecosystem and a greening pellet obtained by compression-molding a plant growth base material and plant seeds. 5. A fertilizer, a soil conditioner, a water retention material, and a useful soil microorganism in a bag-shaped body formed by using a corrosive plant, a net made of natural fibers of animals or the like, paper, non-woven fabric or cloth. Plant growth base material made by mixing two or more species selected from group, soil organic matter, chitin, chitosan or crustacean shell, seed of plant and plant, rope, hemp rope, and other plant fibers. A core material and / or jari formed from any of the formed filaments, crushed rocks, shells, crushed concrete, crushed bricks, or a porous structural material consisting of a shape-retaining granule according to a combination thereof. , The ecologically preserved greening bag and fertilizer,
Soil conditioner, water retention material, useful soil microbial group, soil organic matter,
Chitin, chitosan or a planting base material formed by mixing two or more kinds selected from shells of crustaceans and a greening pellet formed by compression-molding plant seeds are characterized by being mixed. The greening material for aviation sowing. 6. The ecological conservation greening bag has a diameter of 3
The green pellets have a height of 50 to 2 and a cylindrical shape of 0 to 150 mm and a length of 300 to 1000 mm.
00 mm, width 30-150 mm, length 30-300 mm
6. The greening bag for ecological conservation and the greening pellets are mixed in a ratio of 1: 2 to 2: 1 (weight ratio), and are in the shape of a column. The greening material for actual aerial seeding described.