JPH0857339A - Shredder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve the function of a shredder itself and facilitate the transportation and the treatment of a material to be treated after that by finely shredding the material to be treated. CONSTITUTION: In this shredder, plural long-length rotary blades 3 having blade parts 5a, 5b at the side and the tip thereof and plural short-length rotary blades 4 having blade parts 6b at the tip thereof are alternately fitted to a driving shaft 2, and long-length fixed blades 7 having blade parts 7a, 7b at the side and the tip thereof and short-length fixed blades 8 having blade parts 8b at the tip thereof are alternately and projectingly provided on the inner surface of a casing in the perpendicular direction to the central axis of the driving shaft. The long-length fixed blades are arranged between the long-length rotary blades so as to be closely lapped on each other and with the tips of the long- length rotary blades and the tips of the short-length fixed blades so as to be closely lapped on one another and with the tips of the long-length fixed blades and the tips of the long-length rotary blades so as to be closely lapped on each other.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shredder for continuously crushing various solid objects such as a sheet by a shearing action. More specifically, the present invention relates to a shredder in which a long blade and a short blade each having a blade portion also formed at a tip end so that a solid workpiece can be crushed as finely as possible to facilitate processing and handling after crushing. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a shear-type crusher (shredder) has been used for crushing all solid objects to be processed, such as plastic, wood, paper, metal, rubber, fibers, and leather, by effectively utilizing a shearing force. It has been known. For example, FIG. 4 shows a configuration of a rotary shearing type pulverizer described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 53-8376. FIG. 4A is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 4B is a front view thereof.

In this figure, one drive shaft 54 is rotatably supported in a casing 53 having an inlet 51 and an outlet 52 for the object to be processed. The drive shaft 54 is rotated by a motor (neither is shown) via a speed reducer. A plurality of rotary blades 55 and spacers 56 are alternately mounted on the drive shaft 54 so as to sandwich each other. Each rotary blade 55 projects in a direction substantially 180 ° around the drive shaft 54, and in order to achieve a dynamic balance when the drive shaft 54 rotates,
Adjacent rotary blades 55 are attached to each other with a certain angle difference. Therefore, all the rotary blades 55 are mounted at equal angular intervals over 360 °. On the other hand, on the inner surface side of the casing 53, a plurality of fixed blades 57 are provided so as to project between the rotary blades 55 so that their side surfaces lap each other. Blade portions are formed on both sides of each of the rotary blade 55 and the fixed blade 57, and both blades 55 and 57 constitute a so-called slit cutter capable of exerting a shearing action like scissors.

[0004] Inside the casing 53, the drive shaft 5
A plurality of scrapers 58 protrude from the surface opposite to the fixed blade 57 with the rotary blade 55 inserted between the rotary blades 55.

When the shredder having such a structure is operated,
Since the cutting action is exerted only by both sides of the rotary blade 55 and the fixed blade 57, the cutting is performed only in the insertion direction of the processed object into the shredder (hereinafter referred to as the longitudinal direction), and the processed object is especially paper, In the case of a sheet-like material such as a cloth, a synthetic resin sheet or a metal plate, the shape after cutting is a long strip shape and is discharged from the discharge port 52. Even when the strip after cutting is stuck between the rotary blades 55, the rotary blade 5
The scraper 58 that relatively passes between the five
Will scrape it off.

[0006]

The above conventional shredder has the following problems. That is, as described above, since the processed object after cutting becomes a long strip, it is not discharged in the casing 53, and adversely affects the cutting operation of the subsequent processed object. Furthermore, if the belt is kept in a long strip shape, it becomes difficult to treat it at the stage of incineration, landfilling, or reuse after crushing, and handling becomes difficult during transportation.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art, and it is possible to crush the object as finely as possible by cutting the object in the longitudinal direction and at the same time in the lateral direction. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a shredder that improves the function of the shredder itself and facilitates the subsequent transfer and processing of the object to be processed.

[0008]

To achieve the above object, the present invention is directed to a drive shaft supported in a casing and capable of being rotationally driven, and side and tip portions thereof fixedly mounted alternately on the drive shaft. A plurality of long rotary blades having a blade portion and a plurality of short rotary blades having a blade portion at its tip, and alternately projecting on the inner surface of the casing in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the drive shaft. A plurality of long fixed blades having a blade portion at the tip and the side thereof and a plurality of short fixed blades having a blade portion at the tip thereof are provided, and the long fixed blade is the long rotation. The blades are arranged so that the side surfaces can closely overlap with each other, and the tip of the long rotary blade and the tip of the short fixed blade can closely overlap with each other. Being arranged so that the tip of the blade can closely overlap with each other It is characterized.

In the claims, it is stated that the short fixed blades are projected. However, this is not limited to the case where the short fixed blades are independently projected one by one. It is also meant to include a blade formed between the roots of the.

[0010]

In the above construction, if the object to be processed introduced from the upper part of the casing is, for example, a sheet, the object to be processed is formed by a blade on the side of the long rotary blade and a blade on the side of the long fixed blade. And a cutting action by the tip of the long rotary blade and the tip of the short fixed blade are cut into short strips (an example is shown in FIG. 3). That is, the workpiece is cut into strips at predetermined intervals by cutting in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Then, the so-called comb-tooth-shaped portion remaining at predetermined intervals after the cutting is cut by the tip of the short rotary blade. Also, the strip is cut into the same strip shape again by the cutting action of the tip of the long fixed blade. By repeating the above-mentioned cutting by the rotation of the drive shaft, the object to be processed is cut into fine strips. Of course, even a block-shaped object to be processed, rather than a sheet-shaped object, can be crushed by a much finer amount than the conventional shredder by the cutting action. Thus, the object to be shredded is discharged into the shredder without being stuck in the casing. Further, the object to be cut into fine pieces can be easily handled and processed in the subsequent steps such as transportation and incineration.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part showing an embodiment of the shredder of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows the shredder of FIG. 1, FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view thereof, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a front view, and FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory view of the shredder of FIG.

1 and 2, reference numeral 1 is a box-shaped casing, 2 is a drive shaft rotatably supported by the casing 1, and one end of which is a known drive shaft for rotationally driving the drive shaft 2. A motor and a reducer (neither shown) are connected. A plurality of long rotary blades 3 and short rotary blades 4 are alternately mounted on the drive shaft 2. Therefore, it can be said that the long rotary blade 3 and the short rotary blade 4 also play the role of the spacer of the other blade.
Each of the blades 3, 4 is fixed to the drive shaft 2, but is called a rotary blade because it rotates together with the rotation of the drive shaft 2.
FIG. 1 shows a double-edged blade 3 for easy understanding of the other parts.
Only the partial number of 4 is described. Both the blades 3 and 4 have arms 5 and 6 extending on both sides in the direction of approximately 180 ° about the drive shaft 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the arms 5 of the adjacent long rotary blades 3 are arranged at predetermined angular intervals (only one blade is shown by a solid line, and the other is shown by a two-dot chain line). And only some, not all). By doing so, the dynamic balance during rotation of the drive shaft 2 is ensured. In FIG. 2, the arm portions 6 of the short rotary blades 3 are not particularly displaced in the arrangement position angle, and the arm portions 6 of all the short rotary blades 3 extend in the same direction. This is because the short rotary blade 4 is smaller than the long rotary blade 3 and has a much smaller mass, so that it does not significantly affect the dynamic balance like the long rotary blade 3. Similarly, it is preferable to shift the arrangement position angle of the short rotary blade 4 as well. For example, it is conceivable to extend the arm portion 6 of the short rotary blade 3 in the angular direction between the arm portions 5 of the long rotary blade 3.

Further, although blade portions 5a are formed along both sides of the arm portion 5 of the long rotary blade along its longitudinal direction, blade portions are provided on the side edges of the arm portion 6 of the short rotary blade. No need. Further, a blade portion 5b is also formed along the lateral direction at the tip of the arm portion 5 of the long rotary blade, and a blade portion 6b is also formed along the lateral direction at the tip of the arm portion 6 of the short rotary blade. Has been formed.

Each of the blades 5a, 5b, 6b is formed on the same rotation direction side (counterclockwise in FIG. 1) of each arm.

On one inner surface of the casing 1 parallel to the drive shaft 2, long fixed blades 7 and short fixed blades 8 are alternately projected toward the drive shaft 2. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the actual fixed shape is that the short fixed blade 8 is not protruded independently but formed between the roots of the long fixed blade 7. The long fixed blade 7 faces the short rotary blade 4, and the short fixed blade 8 faces the long rotary blade 3. Each of the long fixed blades 7 is disposed so as to be able to enter between the long rotary blades 3. Blade portions 7a are formed on both sides of the upper surface of each long fixed blade 7 along the longitudinal direction thereof, and a blade portion 7b is also formed laterally on the upper end edge of the tip. On the other hand, a blade portion 8b is also formed in the lateral direction on the upper edge of the short fixed blade 8.

The fixed blades 7 and 8 having the above-described structure, together with the long rotary blade 3 and the short rotary blade 4, which rotate in the counterclockwise direction, exert a shearing action like scissors. That is, the drive shaft 2
With the rotation of the long rotary blade 3, the blade portions 5 a on both sides of the long rotary blade 3 closely wrap (meaning that the blade portions 7 a on both sides of the long fixed blade 7 come closer to each other so as to come into sliding contact with each other), and are long. The blade 5b at the tip of the rotary blade 3 closely wraps with the blade 8b at the tip of the short fixed blade 8, and the blade 6b at the tip of the short rotary blade 4 closely wraps with the blade 7b at the tip of the long fixed blade 7. You do it. In addition,
The gap between opposing blades when they are closely wrapped is usually 0.4-
It is set to 0.5 mm. Thus, compared to the gap in a conventional shredder (usually 10-15 mm),
Cutting performance improves by making it narrow.

On the other inner surface of the casing 1 parallel to the drive shaft 2, a comb-shaped scraper 9
Is projected. The plurality of arm portions 9a of the scraper 9 may relatively enter between the long rotary blades 3 as the drive shaft 2 rotates, and the tips thereof may face the tips of the short rotary blades 4. It is arranged as follows. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2B, the tip of the arm 9a of the scraper 9 is formed in an arc along the locus of the tip of the short rotary blade 4. On the other hand, the base portion 9b of the scraper 9, that is, between the bases of the arm portions 9a is formed in an arc shape along the locus of the tip of the long rotary blade 3. By doing so,
The effect of the scraper 9 of scraping off the cut workpiece is improved. Since the scraper 9 is not a member that performs the cutting action, the portion facing the tip and the side of the long rotary blade 3 and the portion facing the tip of the short rotary blade 4 are the two fixed blades 7, It is not necessary to wrap as closely as the opposed portions of the rotary blades 8 and the rotary blades 3 and 4.

Next, the operation of the shredder configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. 3 by taking a sheet-shaped object to be processed (hereinafter referred to as a sheet) S as an example. Since FIG. 3 is merely a diagram for explaining the operation, the number of cut portions in the sheet S and the number of blades of the shredder are not particularly matched.

First, as the drive shaft rotates, the sheet S is cut by a long rotary blade into comb teeth as shown in FIG. 3 (a). The cut portion Sa of the sheet has a short strip shape. The cutting lengths are different because the arrangement angular positions of the long rotary blades are different.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the comb teeth are cut so as to become longer,
The teeth of the comb teeth are cut by the short rotary blade.
The part cut by the short rotary blade is the same,
This is because the short rotary blades are all disposed in the same angle direction. Each of the cut sheet portions Sb has a short strip shape.

As shown in FIG. 3 (c), the entire portion of the sheet S is finally cut into short strips.

Thus, according to the present shredder, the object to be processed is cut into short strips, so to speak. In addition,
FIG. 3 shows only one example, and the length of the strip to be cut is determined by the rotation speed of the drive shaft and the length of the arm of the blade. Therefore, such conditions may be selected according to the shape, hardness, size, etc. of the object to be processed.

[0024]

As described above, according to the shredder of the present invention, since the object to be processed is cut in the vertical direction (longitudinal direction) and the horizontal direction, it can be cut into short strips.
As a result, it is possible to prevent the object to be treated from clogging in the casing, so that it is possible to improve the crushing ability or the cutting ability of the shredder. In addition, the processing becomes easy in the steps of incineration, landfilling, reuse, etc. after crushing, and the handling becomes easy when transported.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an essential part showing one embodiment of a shredder of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows the shredder of FIG. 1 and FIG.
Is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 2 (b) is a front view thereof.

FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory view of the shredder of FIG.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a conventional shredder, and FIG.
2A is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 2B is a front view thereof.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Casing 2 ... Drive shaft 3 ... Long rotary blade 4 ... Short rotary blade 7 ... Long fixed blade 8 ... Short fixed blade

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A drive shaft which is rotatably driven in a casing, and a plurality of long rotary blades which are fixedly mounted alternately on the drive shaft and have a blade portion on its side and tip. A plurality of short rotary blades having a blade portion at its tip, and alternately projecting on the inner surface of the casing in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the drive shaft, the blade portion at the tip and the side. It is composed of a plurality of long fixed blades and a plurality of short fixed blades having a blade portion at its tip, in a state that the long fixed blades can closely wrap between the long rotary blades. It is arranged such that the tip of the long rotary blade and the tip of the short fixed blade can be closely wrapped with each other, and the tip of the long fixed blade and the tip of the short rotary blade are closely wrapped with each other. Shredder.