JP2008029928A - Sheet-shredding apparatus and sheet-shredding method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sheet-shredding apparatus and a sheet-shredding method suitable for shredding sheets and saving the cost. <P>SOLUTION: The sheet-shredding apparatus comprises a rotary shaft 10 and claws 20 installed in the rotary shaft and whose tip ends 23 are set facing toward the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 10 and is used for tearing portions of a sheet S by hooking the sheet S by the tip ends 23 of the rotating claws 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a sheet fragmentation apparatus and a sheet fragmentation method for performing sheet fragmentation.

Conventionally, for waste volume reduction processing, etc., a uniaxial crushing apparatus as listed in Patent Documents 1 to 4, a biaxial cutting apparatus as listed in Patent Document 5, and a cutting as listed in Patent Document 6 Devices and the like are known.
JP 2004-025157 A JP 2002-126550 A JP 2001-347180 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-015414 JP 05-161855 A JP 2003-087772 A

  However, for example, in a uniaxial or biaxial crushing device, the sheet is crushed by generating a shearing action on the sheet between the rotary blade and the fixed blade (or the rotary blade). In addition, it is necessary to maintain a very narrow distance from the rotary blade), and it is necessary to maintain sufficient sharpness in both the rotary blade and the fixed blade (or the rotary blade), and the initial cost and the maintenance cost are high.

  Moreover, it is difficult to cut a thin workpiece such as a sheet with a cutting device. Furthermore, a crushing device or a cutting device is not suitable because it cuts fibers such as pulp.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sheet fragmentation apparatus and a fragmentation method that are suitable for sheet fragmentation and can be reduced in cost.

  A sheet fragmentation device according to the present invention includes a rotating shaft, and a claw provided on the rotating shaft and having a pointed end directed in the rotation direction of the rotating shaft. A part of the sheet is torn off.

  In the sheet fragmentation method according to the present invention, a rotating shaft having a claw with a tip pointed in the rotation direction is rotated, and the sheet is hooked by the rotating claw tip to tear a part of the sheet.

  According to such an apparatus and method, since a claw is adopted, it is not necessary to be a cutting blade like a crushing apparatus, it is excellent in maintainability and cost, has high durability, and rotates at a high speed. It is also easy to achieve high power through high torque rotation. Also, unlike crushing, no fixed cutting edge is required. Further, since the sheet is hooked and torn by the claws, in the case of a sheet containing pulp and fibers such as paper, the pulp and fibers are cut very little and suitable for subsequent recycling.

Here, it is preferable that a plurality of claws are provided in the axial direction of the rotation shaft. It is also preferable that a plurality of claws are provided in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft. Most preferably, a plurality of claws are provided in the axial direction and in a plurality of rows in the circumferential direction. Thereby, a large amount of sheets can be processed.
In this case, adjacent claw rows are preferably provided so as to be shifted from each other in the axial direction, whereby the sheet can be more efficiently stripped.

  Further, the claw preferably has a substantially triangular shape with the rotation axis side as the bottom surface and the side away from the rotation axis as the apex as viewed from the direction orthogonal to the rotation axis.

  As a result, a part of the hooked sheet can be torn off in a shape corresponding to this triangular shape, so that it is possible to efficiently make a small piece with a few claws.

  Further, it is preferable that a sheet holding plate having a notch corresponding to the claw is provided, and the claw is rotated so as to pass through the notch of the sheet holding plate.

  As a result, the entire sheet is held so as not to be dragged in the rotational direction, particularly at the notch portion of the sheet holding plate, so that the hooking of the sheet and the tearing of the sheet can be performed more reliably.

  Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a sheet feeder that supplies the sheet toward the notch at a predetermined speed along the sheet holding plate.

  Thereby, it is easy to control the size of the stripped sheet. In particular, the size of the strip can be controlled to a desired size according to the rotation speed of the rotary shaft and the supply speed of the sheet feeder.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the minimum clearance between the rotating claw and the notch of the sheet holding plate is 0.1 to 10 mm. In such a gap, it is difficult for the sheet to be caught between the notch and the claw, and suitable tearing is possible.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the sheet | seat fragmentation apparatus and the fragmentation method which are suitable for sheet fragmentation and can be reduced in cost are provided.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a sheet fragmentation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is an apparatus for fragmenting a sheet S, and mainly includes a rotary shaft 10, a beak-shaped claw 20, and a sheet holding plate 30. The sheet feeder 40 is provided.

  The rotating shaft 10 has a cylindrical shape or a polygonal shape, and a shaft 12 passes through the shaft center. Both ends of the shaft 12 are rotatably supported by bearings 14. A motor 16 is connected to the end of the shaft 12, and the rotary shaft 10 is rotatable around the axis. In particular, in this embodiment, it is rotated in the direction of the arrow in FIG.

  The diameter of the rotating shaft 10 can be about 10-1000 mm, for example.

  The claw 20 is disposed on the circumferential surface of the rotary shaft 10. The claw 20 is sharply pointed at its tip to form a tip 23. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the rotation shaft 10, the rotation shaft 10 side is the bottom surface 22, and the apex 23 as the apex is located on the side away from the rotation shaft 10. It has a triangular shape.

  As shown in FIG. 2, when viewed from the axial direction of the rotary shaft 10, the thickness of the claw 20 is reduced as the distance from the rotary shaft 10 increases. As shown in FIG. 2, it is bent so as to face the rotational direction of the rotary shaft 10 with respect to the radial direction of the rotary shaft 10 (see the dotted line in FIG. 2). In other words, the tip 23 of the claw 20 can be stabbed into the sheet S as the rotary shaft 10 rotates, so that a part of the sheet S can be hooked and torn off.

  A plurality of claw claws 20 are arranged in the axial direction on the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 10 to form a claw row 21, and a plurality of claw rows 21 are installed in the circumferential direction of the rotary shaft 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, in this embodiment, there are two claw rows 21 on the opposite side across the rotary shaft 10, that is, at a position of 0 ° and 180 ° when viewed from the axial direction. is set up. Needless to say, the total number of claws 21 may be three or more, for example, four, or one.

  In this claw row 21, as shown in FIG. 3, triangular claw 20 is arranged side by side with no gap in the axial direction. Here, for example, the length W of the bottom surface of the claw 20 can be about 5 to 200 mm, and the protruding length T in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 10 can be about 5 to 300 mm. The axial pitch of the tip 23 is W. Moreover, the material of the claw 20 is not particularly limited as long as it can maintain the shape thereof, and examples thereof include stainless steel.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, one claw row 21 and the other adjacent claw row 21 are arranged so as to be shifted from each other in the axial direction by 2 / W when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the rotation shaft 10. Has been.

  The rotational speed of the rotating shaft 1 can be set to 10 to 1000 rpm, for example.

  The sheet holding plate 30 is fixedly arranged, and its end surface 32 is arranged in parallel with the rotation shaft 10. As shown in FIG. 3, a V-shaped notch 33 corresponding to each claw 20 is provided on the end surface 32 of the sheet holding plate 30 so as to allow the claw 20 to rotate as the rotary shaft 10 rotates. Is formed. In order to allow passage of both the claw 20 of one claw row 21 and the claw 20 of the other claw row 21, the pitch of the notches 33 is 2 / W.

  The minimum distance between the notch 33 and the rotating claw 20 is preferably about 0.1 to 10 mm.

  The sheet feeder 40 includes a pair of rollers 42 and 42 that sandwich the sheet S from both sides, a bearing 44 that rotatably supports shafts 43 and 43 that are the central axes of the rollers 42, and the rotating shafts 10. A gear 45 (which may be a chain or the like) that rotates synchronously and a motor 46 that rotates one shaft 43 are provided.

  The pair of rollers 42 supplies the sheet S at a speed corresponding to the rotational speed with the sheet S interposed therebetween, and is disposed substantially parallel to the rotating shaft 10. The sheet S supplied from the pair of sheet rollers 42 passes on the sheet holding plate 30 and then is supplied to the vicinity of the rotary shaft 10 through the end portion 32 of the sheet holding plate 30. The supply speed of the sheet S can be set to 10 to 1000 mm / s, for example.

  The motor 46 and the motor 16 are connected to the controller 60 and rotate the rotating shaft 10 and the roller 42 at a desired number of rotations according to the material and thickness of the sheet and the size of the required strip. .

  On the sheet holding plate 30, a sensor 70 that detects the presence or absence of the sheet S is provided near the notch 33. Then, the controller 60 controls the operation start and operation end of the rotary shaft 10 and the sheet feeder 40 based on a signal from the sensor 70.

  Next, a stripping method using such a sheet stripping apparatus will be described.

  First, the sheet S is moved on the sheet holding plate 30 by the sheet feeder 40 and supplied to the rotary shaft 10. Here, the sheet S is not particularly limited as long as it is a sheet. Examples thereof include wallpaper, tarpaulin sheets, mesh sheets, paper, canvas, carpets, non-woven fabrics, dascon (dust control) mats, wrapping films, agricultural bi-films, and the like. The material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include plastics such as vinyl chloride, pulp, and the like. Further, the thickness is not particularly limited, and can be suitably applied to a sheet material having a thickness of 0.02 to 5 mm, for example.

  When the sheet S approaches the rotating shaft 10, as shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 4, the sharp tip 23 of the claw 20 is caught by the sheet S and pierced, and thereafter, as shown in FIG. As shown, a part S1 of the sheet S is torn off from the sheet S in a form substantially corresponding to the triangular shape of the claw by the rotation of the claw 20 and then falls away from the claw 20. .

  Specifically, for example, if the supply speed of the sheet S is constant, and the rotation speed of the rotary shaft 10 is relatively slow, for example, the sheet S has a diamond-shaped fine shape as shown in FIG. It is torn to piece S1. Here, the alternate long and two short dashes line is a portion that is torn off by the next claw row, and the alternate long and short dash line is a portion that is torn off by the next claw row. When the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 10 is relatively high, the sheet S is torn into relatively small inverted V-shaped strips S1 as shown in FIG. If the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 10 is constant, the sheet S is supplied at a low speed as shown in FIG. 5B, and the sheet S is supplied at a high speed as shown in FIG. 5A. Become. That is, by controlling the rotation speed of the rotary shaft 10 and the supply speed of the sheet S, the size and shape of the strip can be freely controlled.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the sheet is cut into pieces by hooking and tearing the sheet with the claw 20. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a cutting edge like a crushing device, it is excellent in maintainability and cost, has high durability, and can easily achieve high power by high-speed rotation and high-torque rotation of the rotating shaft.

  Further, unlike crushing, it is not necessary to form a cutting edge on the fixed-side cutting edge, that is, the notch 33 of the sheet holding plate 30. In the present embodiment, the sheet holding plate 30 is employed. However, if the sheet feeder 40 and the like are close to the claw rotation axis, the sheet holding plate 30 can be implemented without the sheet holding plate 30.

  Moreover, since the space | interval of the claw 20 and the notch 33 of the sheet | seat holding plate 30 can be made wide enough, an assembly precision is not requested | required so much and it is preferable.

  Further, since the sheet is hooked and torn by the claws 20, in the case of a sheet containing pulp or fiber, the pulp or fiber is cut very little and is suitable for subsequent recycling. Examples of such sheets include paper and wallpaper.

  In addition, since the two claw rows 21 and 21 adjacent to each other are arranged in the axial direction so as to be shifted by a distance that is half the interval W of the tip 23, the sheet can be efficiently stripped.

  In addition, the claw 20 has a substantially triangular shape with the rotation axis side as the bottom surface and the side away from the rotation axis as the apex as viewed from the direction orthogonal to the rotation axis. Since it can be torn in a shape corresponding to a triangular shape, it can be efficiently fragmented with a few claws.

  Further, the sheet holding plate 30 having a notch 33 corresponding to the claw 20 is provided, and the claw 20 is rotated so as to pass through the notch 33 of the sheet holding plate 30, so that the notch 33 of the sheet holding plate 30 is provided. Since the sheet S is held so that the entire sheet S is not dragged in the rotation direction, the hooking of the sheet S by the claw 20 and the tearing of the sheet S can be performed more reliably.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, in the above embodiment, the tip of the claw has one point, but it may have a plurality of points.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the thickness of the cross section of the claw 20 is made to decrease as it distances from the center of a rotating shaft to radial direction (refer FIG. 2), it is not restricted to this, For example, (( As shown to a) and (b), it is good also as a plate-shaped thing with substantially constant thickness except a point. Further, the claw 20 does not have to be bent into a curved shape as in the first embodiment, and may be bent into a broken line as shown in FIG. 6B, for example.
Moreover, the rotating shaft 10 may be a polygonal column (for example, hexagonal, octagonal, etc.) as shown in FIG.
Further, the roller 42 of the sheet feeder 40 may not be a cylinder (see FIG. 7A) having a length corresponding to the entire length in the width direction of the sheet S as in the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7 (b), a plurality of divided cylinders may be used, and as shown in FIGS. 7 (c) and 7 (d), the central or central portion in the axial direction has the maximum diameter. Also, a so-called Sorovandama shape that decreases in diameter with increasing distance from the outer side in the axial direction may be used.
Further, the sheet feeder 40 does not have to supply the sheet S in the horizontal direction as in the first embodiment mobile phone. For example, the sheet feeder 40 may supply the sheet S in an oblique direction, a vertically upward direction, or a vertically downward direction. .

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a sheet fragmenting apparatus according to the present embodiment. 2 is a side sectional view of FIG. FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing the state of the sheet stripping device during stripping in the order of (a), (b), and (c). FIGS. 5A and 5B are top views showing the state of the sheet and the strips, where FIG. 5A shows a case where the rotational speed of the rotary shaft is fast, and FIG. 5B shows a case where the rotational speed of the rotary shaft is slow. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing other forms (a) and (b) of the rotating shaft and the claw. FIG. 7 is a schematic top view showing various forms (a), (b), (c), and (d) of the rollers of the sheet feeder.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Rotating shaft, 20 ... Claw, 23 ... Point, 30 ... Sheet holding plate, 33 ... Notch, 40 ... Sheet feeder, S ... Sheet, 100 ... Sheet fragmentation device.

Claims (9)

A rotation axis;
A sheet fragmentation device comprising: a claw provided on the rotating shaft and having a pointed end directed in a rotation direction of the rotating shaft, and the sheet is hooked by the rotating pointed end of the claw to tear a part of the sheet.   The sheet stripping device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the claws are provided in an axial direction of the rotation shaft.   The sheet crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the claw is provided in a circumferential direction of the rotation shaft.   The claw claws are provided in the axial direction of the rotary shaft to form a claw claw row, the claw claw rows are provided in the circumferential direction of the rotary shaft, and the adjacent claw claw rows are provided offset in the axial direction. The sheet stripping device according to claim 1.   The said claw has comprised the substantially triangular shape which sees from the direction orthogonal to the said rotating shaft, and makes the said rotating shaft side the bottom face and makes the side away from the said rotating shaft the vertex. Sheet stripping device.   Furthermore, the sheet | seat fragmentation apparatus in any one of Claims 1-5 provided with the sheet | seat holding plate in which the notch corresponding to the said claw was formed, and the said claw being rotated so that the said notch may be passed.   Furthermore, the sheet | seat stripping apparatus of Claim 6 provided with the sheet feeder which supplies a sheet | seat toward the said notch at the defined speed | rate along the said sheet | seat holding plate.   The sheet stripping device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a minimum gap between the rotating claw and the notch of the sheet holding plate is 0.1 to 10 mm. A sheet fragmentation method in which a rotating shaft provided with a claw having a tip pointed in a rotation direction is rotated, and a sheet is hooked by the rotating claw tip to tear a part of the sheet.

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