JPH0622441Y2 - Cutting processor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention relates to a cutting apparatus for cutting metal scraps or empty cans produced in various factories, and more particularly to a cutting apparatus having a rotary cutter.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, as a technology of this kind of field, a cutting apparatus shown in FIG. 8 has been known. The outline will be described below with reference to FIG.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 represents a box, and two rotating shafts 3 and 4 are supported in the box 1 so as to be parallel to each other via bearings 2, .... In each of the rotary shafts 3 and 4, a disk 5 having a plurality of blades 5a (FIG. 9) arranged in the circumferential direction in a portion extending into the box 1 and a disk having a diameter smaller than the disk 5 are provided. The collar 6 and the collar 6 are externally fitted and supported alternately in the axial direction, and each of them is provided with the rotary cutters A and B as a whole.
Are configured.

In the rotary cutters A and B, the thickness of the disk 5 and the thickness of the collar 6 are equal,
When mounted in the box 1, the disk 5 of the other rotary cutter is fitted between the adjacent disks 5 and 5 of the one rotary cutter. Further, in the rotary cutters A and B, the axial distance between the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is half the sum of the inner diameter of the disk 5 and the inner diameter of the collar 6. As a result, when the rotary cutter rotates, the cutting edge of the blade 5a of the disk 5 in one rotary cutter comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the collar 6 in the other rotary cutter.

In addition, the rotary shaft 3, which projects outward from the box 1,
Spur gears 7 and 8 meshing with each other are attached to one end of the gear 4, respectively. Further, a motor 10 is connected to the other end of the rotary shaft 3 protruding outward from the box 1. Then, the rotary cutter A is rotationally driven by the motor 10, and further the rotary cutter B is passed through the spur gears 7 and 8.
Is driven to rotate in a direction opposite to that of the rotary cutter A.

In the box 1, at the outer positions of the rotary cutters A and B, the comb-teeth fixed blades 12 and 12 that come into contact with both the cutting edge of the blade 5a of the disk 5 and the collar 6 are provided.
Is provided. Further, in this cutting processing device, although not shown, a hopper is mounted on the box 1.

Next, the disk 5 of the conventional cutting apparatus configured as described above will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

On the outer circumference of the disk 5, a plurality of blades 5a having the same shape are arranged in the circumferential direction. In each of the blades 5a, the cutting edge surface 14a has a disk 5
It is formed so as to coincide with the radiation surface of. Further, the extending direction of the cutting edge of the tip of the blade 5a in the disk 5 coincides with the extending direction of the generatrix of the disk 5.

Next, the operation of this cutting processing device will be described.

When the motor 10 is driven, the rotational force of its drive shaft is first transmitted to the rotary shaft 3 to rotate the rotary cutters A and B, and further transmitted to the rotary shaft 4 through the spur gears 7 and 8 to rotate the rotary cutter B. Is rotated. In this case, the rotation directions of the rotary cutters A and B are opposite to each other,
Moreover, this is the direction in which the input material can be drawn between the rotary cutters A and B by the cutting edge surface 14a of the disk 5 (see the arrow in FIG. 9). This rotation direction is the positive direction of the rotary cutters A and B.

Here, when the input material is put into the hopper, the input material is drawn between the rotary cutters A and B by the following cutting edge surface 14a in a state where the input material is loaded on the rear rear surface 14b of the blade 5a and mainly rotates. The blades 5a in the cutters A and B are sheared to be cut into a predetermined size. Then, the objects cut in this way are processed by the rotary cutter A,
It is discharged downward through the gap between the disk 5 and the collar 6 formed as B rotates.

The cutting of the charged material is also performed by the interaction between the blade edge of the blade 5a and the collar 6 facing it.

That is, as shown in FIG. 9, for example, when the blade edge of the blade 5a of the disk 5 in the rotary cutter A contacts the collar 6 in the rotary cutter B, if a part of the input material exists at the blade edge position of the blade 5a, In this cutting device, the blade 5a of the rotary cutter A and the collar 6 of the rotary cutter B push the input material completely.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] By the way, in the cutting apparatus having such a configuration,
When the input material is cut, the input material is pulled in and cut by the interaction of the pair of rotary cutters A and B. However, as the rotary cutters A and B rotate, the input material is cut between the rotary cutters A and B. There is a drawback that the size of the charged material after the treatment becomes non-uniform because the charged material falls from the gap formed in 1) without treatment or with insufficient cutting. In order to avoid this, for example, the number of blades 5a may be increased, but in that case, not only is it difficult to draw in a large amount of material because the individual blades 5a are small, but the amount of drawing in is small, resulting in poor processing efficiency. There was an inconvenience.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cutting apparatus that can cut a charged material reliably, uniformly, and efficiently.

The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will be apparent from the description of this specification and the accompanying drawings.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The outline of a typical invention disclosed in the present application is as follows.

That is, at least one pair of rotary cutters configured by alternately arranging discs each having a plurality of blades arranged in the circumferential direction and collars having a diameter smaller than the discs in the axial direction of the rotary shaft are provided in pairs. A pair of cutting processing devices are configured such that the rotary cutters are fitted to each other, and the input material is drawn between the pair of rotary cutters through the rotation of the rotary cutters to cut the input material. A discharge path along at least one of the rotary cutters is provided at the rear stage of the rotary cutter, and the discharge path includes:
A comb-teeth-shaped fixed blade that fits to the rotary cutter facing the discharge path is provided, and the first-stage cutting process is performed by the interaction between the paired rotary cutters. The second stage cutting process by interaction can be added.

[Operation] According to the above-described means, the cutting process is applied to the second stage by the interaction between the rotary cutters and the comb-teeth-shaped fixed blade after the first stage cutting process is applied by the interaction between the rotary cutters. Therefore, the input material can be reliably, uniformly and rapidly shredded.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the cutting apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of a cutting processing apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of a cutting processing unit of the cutting processing apparatus in FIG.

First, the cutting apparatus of the embodiment and a conventional cutting apparatus (see FIGS. 8 and 9).
Differences from that of Fig.) Are listed and each is described in detail.

(1) In the cutting apparatus of this embodiment, the rotary cutters A and B are arranged so as to be vertically stacked so that the input material can be drawn between the rotary cutters A and B. And, the back side of the box 46 for accommodating the rotary cutters A and B is configured to be closed.
The input material cut by the interaction of the rotary cutters A and B flows down along the back wall 46a, and the rotary cutter A below
The cutting process can be performed again by the interaction between the comb-teeth-shaped fixing blade 47.

(2) Further, the cutting apparatus is provided with the input material guide portion 41 on the inlet side of the rotary cutters A and B. That is,
In this embodiment, the input material input to the hopper (not shown) is supplied to the cutting processing section through the input material guide section 41.

Here, a charging material guide path 42 is formed in the charging material guide portion 41, and one of the walls defining the charging material guide path 42, in this case, the upper wall of the slanted walls is the movable wall 41a. Is configured. That is, the movable wall 41a can be swung around the pivot 43 so that the movable wall 41a can approach and separate from the facing wall 41b. The movable wall 41a is constantly moved by the spring 44 to the facing wall 41b.
It is configured to be urged in a direction away from, and to be able to approach the opposing wall 41b against the urging force of the spring 44 by the rotation of the eccentric cam 45, for example. The rotational drive of the eccentric cam 45 is performed by the motor 31 which is a drive device of the rotary cutters A and B, or a drive device separate from the motor 31.

(3) Further, in the cutting apparatus of this embodiment, as shown in detail in FIG. 2, the rotary cutters A and B have the gear mechanism 37.
It is configured to be connected to a motor 31 capable of rotating in the forward and reverse directions via.

Note that, here, the rotary cutters A and B are rotationally driven by the single motor 31, but the rotary cutters A and B may be independently rotationally driven by using the two motors 31. Is.

(4) In addition, in the cutting apparatus of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the load state of the rotary cutters A and B is the detecting device 32.
To be detected by.

Here, as the detection device 32, for example, a rotation detection device that can sequentially detect the rotation amount of the rotary cutter within a predetermined time is used.

(5) Further, the cutting processing device is provided with a control device 33 that discriminates between a regular input material and a foreign substance based on a signal from the detection device 32 and controls the motor 31 accordingly.

The control device 33 operates as follows when a hard foreign substance is clogged. That is, when the load change (increase) detected by the detection device 32 is steep, the rotary cutters A and B are
Immediately, the operation of the motor 31 is stopped when it is determined that a hard foreign object (uncuttable object) is clogged.

Further, the control device 33 works as follows when a regular charging material (cuttable material) is clogged. That is, at this time, the change (increase) in the load applied to the rotary cutters A and B is relatively slow, so it is determined that the insertable material that can be cut is clogged, and the motor 31 is operated for a predetermined time (for example, 1 second to 3 seconds).
Then, the motor 31 is rotated in the positive direction again to re-disconnect.

(6) Further, in the cutting apparatus of the above embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the blade 22 having the small cutting edge surface 22a and the blade 23 having the large cutting edge surface 23a are provided on the outer periphery of the disk 21. And are arranged alternately.

That is, in the disk 21 of the embodiment, the blades 22 and 23
The center angle of the blade 22 is changed (θ ₁ , θ ₂ ), and the rear surface 22b of the blade 22 is formed to be larger than the rear surface 23b of the blade 23. Further, in this cutting processing device, the disc 21
The blade edges of the blades 22 and 23 are formed so as to be inscribed in a virtual cylinder circumscribing the collar 6. The generatrix direction of the virtual cylinder and the extending direction of the blade edges of the blades 22 and 23 do not coincide with each other. As a result, the load temporarily applied to the blades 22 and 23 is reduced, and clogging of the input material between the rotary cutters A and B is reduced.

(7) Furthermore, in the cutting apparatus of the above-mentioned embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the blades 22 and 23 of the rotary cutters A and B are rounded (rounded) at both edges thereof, The shape of the portion (receptive portion) in which the blades 22 and 23 are fitted in the collar 6 is the blades 22 and 23.
Of the cutting edge.

As a result, the input material is surely cut even in this portion.

The above points (1) to (7) are different from the conventional cutting apparatus.

In other respects, the structure is substantially the same as that of the conventional cutting apparatus shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. Therefore, the same elements are designated by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 7 and 8 and their description is omitted.

Next, the operation of the cutting apparatus configured as described above will be described.

In the cutting apparatus of this embodiment, for example, an empty can (input material) is pressed and crushed by the movable wall 41a and then sent to the cutting processing unit. Then, the cutting process of the first stage is performed by the interaction between the rotary cutters A and B, and the cutting process is sent to the back of the rotary cutters A and B. And the cut input material is box 4
After flowing down along the back wall 46a of No. 6, the second cutting process is performed by the interaction between the rotary cutter A and the comb-teeth fixing blade 47.

During the cutting process of the input material, the load state applied to the rotary cutters A and B is detected by the detection device 32.

That is, in the case of the regular cutting process of the input material, the cutting process of the input material is sequentially performed as described above. However, if the regular charging material is clogged for some reason, the load applied to the rotary cutters A and B becomes large, but the increase in the load is slow, and at this time, the load is directed from the control device 33 to the motor 31. Control signal is generated by the motor 31
Is stopped and then rotated in the opposite direction for a predetermined time, whereby the jammed input material is pushed back once and the jam is released. Then, after a lapse of a predetermined time, the motor 31 is rotated in the forward direction by a signal from the control device 31,
The input material is cut again.

On the other hand, when hard uncuttable foreign matter is clogged, the load applied to the rotary cutters A and B increases sharply. In this case, a control signal is issued from the control device 33 to the drive motor 31 of the rotary cutters A and B, and the rotation of the motor 31 is stopped. Then, if the foreign matter is removed, a drive signal is sent from the control device 33 to the motor 31, and the rotary cutters A and B restart operation in a normal state.

During the cutting process, a relatively small input material is easily drawn between the rotary cutters A and B by the cutting edge surfaces 23a and 22a of the blades 23 and 22, so that the blades 22 and 23 in the rotary cutters A and B are easily separated from each other. Interaction and blade 2
It is cut by the interaction of 2, 23 and collar 6. On the other hand, a large input material, which cannot be drawn between the rotary cutters A and B by the cutting edge surface 22a of the blade 22, is conveyed to the cutting position by the cutting edge surface 23a of the blade 23, and by the interaction of the rotary cutters A and B. Be disconnected.

According to the cutting apparatus of the embodiment configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

That is, according to this cutting apparatus, after the input material is cut by the interaction of the rotary cutters A and B, the input material is cut again by the interaction between the rotary cutter A and the comb-teeth-shaped fixed blade 47. Therefore, the input material that has not been processed by the first-stage cutting processing unit that makes a pair or the input material that has been insufficiently processed is surely the second input material.
While being processed by the cutting processing unit in the first stage, the input material cut in the first stage can be further finely cut. Further, in this case, since the comb-teeth-shaped fixed blade 47 is used, it is necessary to use the comb-shaped fixed blade 47 when the cutting processing unit of the second stage is provided.
Since it is not necessary to additionally provide a gear mechanism or other power transmission mechanism in addition to the drive mechanism of the stage, the cutting processing device itself can be configured to the same extent as the cutting processing device of only the first stage.

Furthermore, according to this cutting processing device, for example, an input material that is difficult to be drawn between the rotary cutters A and B, such as an empty can or a plastic container, is crushed between the movable wall 41a and the opposing wall 41b, Then the rotary cutter A,
Since it is sent to B, the input material can be pulled in easily, so that the input material can be reliably cut.

Further, according to this cutting processing apparatus, since the disk 21 having the two types of blades 22 and 23 having different sizes on the outer circumference is used, the large and small or deformed input materials can be reliably and efficiently used, and the motor 31, It is possible to easily cut the shafts 3 and 4 without applying much load.
This effect can be obtained even when three or more types of blades are used.

Further, according to this embodiment, since the cutting edges of the blades 22 and 23 and the shape of the portion of the collar 6 that receives the blades 22 and 23 have a complementary relationship, the blades 22 are cut when the input material is cut. , 23 by the action that no gap is formed on both sides of the blade edge,
It is possible to surely cut the input material finely at both ends of the blade edge of No. 23.

Although the invention made by the inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiment, the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Nor.

For example, in the above embodiment, the rotary cutters A and B are arranged side by side in the vertical direction, but they may be arranged side by side in an oblique direction.
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the rotary cutters A and B are arranged side by side in the lateral direction, and a comb-teeth-shaped fixed blade is fitted to each of the rotary cutters A and B, so that the rotary cutters A and B can be used as the second cutter. A step cutting process may be added.

Further, in the above embodiment, the movable wall 41a is replaced by the facing wall 41b.
Although both of them are rocked, the movable wall 41 may be moved by a method other than the rocking.

Furthermore, although the eccentric cam 45 is used for the swing of the movable wall 41a in the above, it may be swung by other means such as a hydraulic mechanism or a link mechanism.

Furthermore, the detection device 32 is not limited to the rotation detection device, and may be an ammeter, a pressure gauge, or the like. The point is that the control means only needs to know the load acting on the rotary cutter that works when foreign matter is caught.

Further, it is needless to say that the present invention can also be applied to a cutting apparatus in which rotary cutters A and B having disks 21 in which blades having the same shape are arranged in the circumferential direction are provided side by side in the horizontal direction as in the conventional case.

By the way, it goes without saying that the present invention can be used for treating metal scraps, meat, wood, fruits, bottles, etc. in addition to empty cans and plastics.

[Effects of the Invention] The effects obtained by the typical one of the inventions disclosed in the present application will be briefly described as follows.

That is, at least one pair of rotary cutters, which are configured by alternately arranging disks each having a plurality of blades arranged in the circumferential direction and collars having a diameter smaller than the disks in the axial direction of the rotary shaft, make a pair of rotary cutters. In a cutting processing device configured such that the cutters are fitted to each other, the input material is drawn between the pair of rotary cutters through rotation of the rotary cutters to perform the cutting processing of the input material,
A discharge path along at least one of the rotary cutters is provided at the rear stage of the pair of rotary cutters, and the discharge path is provided with a comb-teeth-shaped fixed blade fitted to the rotary cutter facing the discharge path. Since it is possible to add the first-stage cutting process by the interaction between the rotating cutters to be formed and the second-stage cutting process by the interaction between the mating rotating cutter and the comb-teeth-shaped fixed blade, in the state as it is. The input material that is difficult to be drawn between the rotary cutters is crushed, and therefore the input material can be reliably cut.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of a cutting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of a cutting processing unit in the cutting apparatus of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a side surface of a disk in its rotary cutter. Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is a rear view of the disc, Fig. 5 is a front view of the rotary cutter of the cutting apparatus of Fig. 1, Fig. 6 is a front view showing a cross section of the rotary cutter of Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 Is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing the main part of another embodiment of the cutting processing apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 8 is a plan view of a conventional cutting processing apparatus, and FIG. 9 is a side view of a rotary cutter in the conventional cutting processing apparatus. It is a figure. 3, 4 ... Shaft, 5, 21 ... Disc, 22, 2
3 ... Blade, 6 ... Color, 42 ... Input material guide path, 41a ... Movable wall, 41b ... Opposing wall, 47 ... Comb tooth-shaped fixed blade, A, B ... Rotating cutter.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A rotation constituted by alternately arranging a disk having a plurality of blades arranged in the circumferential direction and a collar having the same width as the disk and having a smaller diameter than the disk in the axial direction of the rotary shaft. In a cutting processing device configured to be provided with at least one pair of cutters, the disks of the rotating cutters forming a pair are fitted to each other, and the rotating cutters forming a pair rotate in the direction in which the throwing material is drawn into the cutting processing unit, A discharge path along at least one of the rotary cutters is provided at the rear stage of the pair of rotary cutters, and the discharge path includes:
A comb-teeth-shaped fixed blade that fits to the rotary cutter facing the discharge path is provided, and a first-stage cutting process is performed by the interaction between the paired rotary cutters, and the mating rotary-cutter and the comb-teeth-shaped fixed blade. A cutting apparatus characterized in that a second-stage cutting processing by the interaction of the above can be added.