JP2012086179A - Structure for mounting divided blade of crusher, and crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure for mounting divided blades of a crusher, enabling a worker to easily detach cutting blades from a blade mounting base with small force.SOLUTION: The structure 18 for mounting divided blades of a crusher including a blade mounting base 5 attached to a drive shaft 3 to rotate therewith, a plurality of first divided blades 21 detachably attached onto the surface of the blade mounting base 5, a plurality of spacers 20 attached to the drive shaft 3 in a manner of sandwiching at least a part of the individual first divided blades 21 from either side, and a plurality of second divided blades 22 for shearing/crushing an object 19 to be crushed between themselves and the plurality of first divided blades 21, is characterized in that the outer-face corners 23 of the individual spacers 20 each includes a depressed portion 25 to reduce the pressing force of pressing the side face 24 of the corresponding first divided blade 21, which depressed portion 25 is disposed on the outer-face corner 23 that faces the side face 24 of the first divided blade 21, namely on the outer face 20a of the spacer 20 attached to the drive shaft 3.

Description

  The present invention provides a split blade mounting structure for a crusher that enables a split blade of a crusher that crushes an object to be crushed by a shearing action to be removed with a small force from a blade mounting base to which the split blade is mounted, And a crusher including the same.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a shearing type crusher (shredder) that crushes objects to be crushed such as plastic, wood pieces, paper, metal, rubber, fiber, leather using shearing force is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .)

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the split blade 2 of the shear crusher 1 has a radius from the outside with respect to the outer surface of the blade mounting base 5 provided on each of the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4. It is fixed with a fixing bolt 6 so as to be detachable in the direction. Various objects to be crushed can be crushed by the split blade 2.

  As shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of blade mounts 5 and spacers 7 are alternately arranged in each axial direction on each drive shaft 3 and driven shaft 4 provided in the crusher 1. Then, the blade attachment of the driven shaft 4 (or drive shaft 3) is installed in the space between the two divided blades 2 adjacent to each other in the axial direction attached to the blade mounting base 5 of the drive shaft 3 (or driven shaft 4). It arrange | positions so that the division blade 2 attached to the stand 5 may enter.

  The split blades 2 provided on the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 and arranged adjacent to each other in the axial direction are arranged with a small gap of about 0.5 to 1.0 mm, for example. The object to be crushed can be sheared and crushed at the tip and side corners of the split blade 2. This shearing crushing is carried out by a so-called shearing action like a wrinkle.

  Since each of the divided blades 2 is attached such that both side surfaces are sandwiched between the two spacers 7, the two spacers 7 can position the divided blades 2 in the axial direction. In addition, the axial force during shearing can be supported.

  By the way, according to the crusher 1 shown in FIG. 10, when various miscellaneous objects to be crushed are crushed, the divided blade 2 and the blade mount 5 are fixed by rust or the like due to moisture in the crushed object. May end up.

  In addition, the crushing blade 2 is worn from the respective corners of the tip and side parts by crushing the object to be crushed, but the shear crushing ability is greatly reduced when the wear amount of the corners is increased. In order to maintain the crushing capacity, it is necessary to replace the worn split blade 2.

  However, as described above, when the divided blade 2 is fixed to the blade mount 5 due to rust or the like, it is very difficult to remove the divided blade 2 from the blade mount 5 and the divided blade 2 is replaced. This can take a lot of time and effort. And since it is necessary to stop the crusher 1 during such an exchange operation, the operation rate of the crusher 1 falls.

  Therefore, a split blade replacement device 8 shown in FIG. 11 is provided. The split blade replacement device 8 enables the split blade 2 to be replaced quickly. When using this divided blade replacement device 8 to remove the divided blade 2 fixed to the blade mounting base 5, first, the fixing bolt 6 (not shown) for fixing the divided blade 2 is removed.

  Then, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 11, the pressing member 9 of the split blade replacement device 8 is inserted into the fixing bolt hole 10, and the lower end of the pressing member 9 is brought into contact with the seat surface 11 of the fixing bolt hole 10. Make contact. At this time, the distal end of the guide member 12 is in a state separated from the bottom surface 13 of the fixing bolt hole 10.

  Then, with the guide member 12 held in a non-rotating state, the moving operation member 14 (nut) that is screwed with the screw portion 12a of the guide member 12 is rotated in a predetermined direction. At this time, since the lower end of the pressing member 9 is in contact with the seating surface 11 of the fixing bolt hole 10, the taper member 15 screwed into the screw portion 12 a of the guide member 12 moves toward the moving operation member 14. And move up. In this way, when the taper member 15 moves upward along the guide member 12, the taper member 15 can spread the pressing portion 9a formed at the lower portion of the pressing member 9 outward, thereby the pressing portion. The outer surface of 9a can be strongly pressed against the inner surface of the fixing bolt hole 10. As a result, the outer surface (pressing member 9) of the pressing portion 9a and the inner surface (dividing blade 2) of the fixing bolt hole 10 are firmly joined to each other.

  Next, the moving operation member 14 is lifted and moved in the reverse direction to pull the moving operation member 14 away from the pressing member 9.

  Thereafter, by rotating the guide member 12 in a predetermined direction, the guide member 12 is moved down to the blade mounting base 5 side, and the tip of the guide member 12 is moved to the blade mounting base 5 (side surface 13 of the fixing bolt hole 11). Make contact.

  From this state, the guide member 12 is further rotated in a predetermined direction. At this time, since the tip of the guide member 12 is in contact with the blade mount 5 and does not move downward any more, the taper member 15, the pressing member 9 and the split blade 2 joined integrally therewith, It moves upward in the direction of being pulled away from the blade mount 5.

  In this way, the split blade 2 can be removed from the blade mount 5 and can be replaced with a replacement split blade 2.

JP 2003-285278 A

  However, even if the conventional split blade replacement device 8 shown in FIG. 11 is used, the split blade 2 may not be easily removed from the blade mount 5.

  The cause of this situation has not been known for a long time, but after the earnest research by the applicant, the cause was investigated. That is, the outer surface corners (corner portions of the outer surface of the outer peripheral surface) facing the side surfaces of the divided blades 2 of the two spacers 7 arranged so as to sandwich the divided blade 2 from both sides are the side surfaces of the divided blade 2. The cause of this was a strong pressure contact.

  In the state where the outer surface corners of the two spacers 7 and the side surfaces of the split blade 2 are in strong pressure contact with each other, the frictional resistance of the press contact portion is extremely large, and the split blade 2 can be easily removed from the tool mount 5. It will be in a state that cannot be removed.

  Next, the reason why the outer surface corner portion of the spacer 7 and the side surface of the split blade 2 are in strong pressure contact with each other will be described below. When the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 are rotated and the object to be crushed is sheared and crushed by the plurality of divided blades 2 attached to the shafts 3 and 4, the object to be crushed is, for example, on the driven shaft 4 side. It is sandwiched and compressed between the outer surface of the split blade 2 and the outer surface of the spacer 7 on the drive shaft 3 side. As a result, a large compressive force in the center direction toward the drive shaft 3 to which the spacer 7 is attached acts on the outer surface portion of the spacer 7, and is arranged next to the axial direction of the spacer 7 by this compressive force. A large pressure contact force acts on the side surface of the divided blade 2 so that the outer surface corner portion facing the side surface of the divided blade 2 tends to deform in a direction expanding toward the side surface of the divided blade 2.

  For example, even when the crushing operation is finished and the large compressive force acting on the outer surface portion of the spacer 7 is removed, the outer surface corner portion of the spacer 7 is caused by the residual stress existing on the outer surface portion of the spacer 7. This is because a large pressure contact force is acting on the side surface of the divided blade 2.

  The present invention has been made under such new knowledge, and a split blade mounting structure of a crusher that makes it possible to easily remove a cutting blade from a blade mounting base with a small force, and a crush provided with the same The purpose is to provide a machine.

  The split blade mounting structure for a crusher according to the present invention has a blade mounting base that is provided on the first rotating shaft and rotates with the first rotating shaft, and is divided in the circumferential direction of the blade mounting base. There are two or more first cutting blades that are detachably attached to the blade mounting base along the first rotation axis, and at least one of the side surfaces of the division blade that is provided on the first rotation axis. 1st spacer is arrange | positioned so that a part may be pinched | interposed from both sides, and the division | segmentation blade attachment of the crusher provided with the 1 or 2nd 2nd cutting blade which shears and crushes a to-be-crushed object between the said 2 or more 1st cutting blades In the structure, a concave portion is provided at an outer surface corner portion of the first spacer facing the side surface of the divided blade, and the outer surface corner portion of the first spacer reduces a pressing force pressing the side surface of the divided blade. It is characterized by providing.

  According to the split blade mounting structure for a crusher according to the present invention, the object to be crushed is placed between two or more first cutting blades and one or two or more second cutting blades by rotating the first rotating shaft. The material to be crushed can be sequentially sheared and crushed by being sandwiched. When the object to be crushed is sheared and crushed in this way, the object to be crushed is sandwiched between the outer surface of the second cutting blade and a part of the outer surface of the first spacer and compressed. As a result, a radial compressive force toward the first rotation axis acts on the outer surface portion of the first spacer, and the outer surface corner portion facing the split blade of the first spacer extends in a direction expanding toward the side surface of the split blade. Deform.

  However, since the outer surface corner portion of the first spacer is provided with a recess, the outer surface corner portion can be prevented from coming into contact with the side surface of the split blade, and the outer surface can be prevented from coming into contact. The pressing force with which the corner portion presses the side surface of the split blade can be reduced.

  As a result, when the split blade is removed from the blade mount, the frictional resistance between the outer surface corner of the first spacer and the side surface of the split blade can be reduced, so the split blade can be removed from the blade mount with a small force. For example, it can be exchanged.

  Since the split blade can be detached from the blade mounting base with a small force in this way, the split blade can be attached to the blade mounting base with a small force.

  In the split blade mounting structure of the crusher according to the present invention, the concave portion shears and crushes the object to be crushed with the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade, and then the object to be crushed from the outer surface of the first spacer. When the outer surface corner portion of the first spacer is plastically deformed, the pressing force that the outer surface corner portion of the first spacer presses the side surface of the divided blade is zero or a magnitude close thereto. It can be formed so that.

  In this way, when the split blade is removed from the blade mounting base, the frictional resistance between the side surface of the split blade and the outer surface corner of the first spacer may be zero or close to that. This allows the split blade to be removed from the blade mount without being disturbed by the presence of the first spacer.

  In the split blade mounting structure for a crusher according to the present invention, the recess has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the first spacer, and the lower side of the cross section is substantially the center axis of the first rotating shaft. It is a parallel shape, or the bottom surface of the concave portion is formed as a tapered inclined surface that protrudes outward or protrudes toward the center axis of the first rotating shaft as it goes toward the divided blade. can do.

  If comprised in this way, according to the shape and magnitude | size which the outer surface corner | angular part of a 1st spacer deform | transforms toward the side surface of a division | segmentation blade by shearing and crushing a to-be-crushed object with a crusher, the outer surface angle of a 1st spacer A substantially rectangular recess is formed on the part, or the bottom surface of the recess is formed as a tapered or convex inclined surface protruding outward, and the outer corner of the first spacer presses the side surface of the split blade It is possible to effectively reduce the pressing force. This makes it possible to remove the split blade from the blade mount with a small force.

  In the split blade mounting structure for a crusher according to the present invention, the split blade attached to the blade mounting base is formed with an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the first spacer, and is adjacent to each other in the axial direction. The object to be crushed can be sheared and crushed by the second cutting blade entering the space formed between the divided blades.

  If it does in this way, the 2nd cutting blade will enter into the space formed between two division blades which adjoin each other, and by the tip part of each division blade and the 2nd cutting blade, and the corner of a side part The material to be crushed can be sheared and crushed. Then, the object to be crushed is sandwiched and compressed between the outer surface of the second cutting blade and the outer surface of the first spacer, and the outer surface corner of the first spacer is directed toward the side surface of the split blade as described above. Although it deforms in the expanding direction, the outer surface corner portion is provided with a recess, so that the outer surface corner portion of the first spacer can reduce the pressing force pressing the side surface of the split blade.

  In the split blade mounting structure for a crusher according to the present invention, a quenching process may be performed on at least a portion of the outer surface portion of the first spacer that is sandwiched between the side surfaces of the split blade.

  In this way, the amount of deformation in the direction in which the outer corner portion of the first spacer expands toward the side surface of the divided blade by deforming the object to be crushed (the amount of deformation caused by plastic deformation when the divided blade is removed). Can be reduced. Therefore, the pressing force by which the outer surface corner portion of the first spacer presses the side surface of the divided blade can be further reduced.

  The split blade mounting structure for a crusher according to the present invention includes a blade mounting base that is provided on a first rotating shaft and rotates with the first rotating shaft, and a plurality of the blade mounting bases are divided in the circumferential direction of the blade mounting base. Two or more first cutting blades, which are detachably attached to the blade mounting base, are provided along the first rotation axis, and are provided on the first rotation axis and at least one of the side surfaces of the division blade. 1st spacer is arrange | positioned so that a part may be pinched | interposed from both sides, and the division | segmentation blade attachment of the crusher provided with the 1 or 2nd 2nd cutting blade which shears and crushes a to-be-crushed object between the said 2 or more 1st cutting blades In the structure, the outer surface corner portion of the first spacer has a gap for reducing a pressing force pressing the side surface of the split blade, and the outer surface of the first spacer facing the side surface of the split blade and the side surface. It is characterized by being formed between the corners That.

  According to the split blade mounting structure of the crusher according to the present invention, as described above, when the shear crushing operation is performed with this crusher, the outer surface portion of the first spacer has a compressive force in the radial direction toward the first rotating shaft. The outer corner portion of the first spacer facing the split blade of the first spacer is deformed in the direction of expanding toward the side surface of the split blade.

  However, since a gap is formed between the side surface of the split blade and the outer surface corner portion of the first spacer facing the side surface, the outer surface corner portion of the first spacer is the same as the above. It can be prevented from coming into contact with the side surface, and even if it comes into contact, the pressing force with which the outer corner portion presses the side surface of the split blade can be reduced.

  Accordingly, the split blade can be removed from the blade mounting base with a small force, and the split blade can be attached to the blade mounting base with a small force.

  In the split blade mounting structure for a crusher according to the present invention, the inner space of the recess or the gap may be filled with a filling member made of a material having a hardness lower than that of the outer surface portion of the first spacer. .

  If it does in this way, since it can prevent that a to-be-crushed object penetrate | invades into the inner space or clearance gap of a recessed part in the case of a crushing operation | work, it will not become resistance when a to-be-crushed object removes a division | segmentation blade. Can be. And a filler can set hardness smaller than the outer surface part of a 1st spacer so that it may not become a big resistance when removing a division blade.

  The crusher which concerns on this invention is equipped with the division blade attachment structure of the crusher of this invention, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to the crusher according to the present invention, the object to be crushed is sandwiched between the two or more first cutting blades and the one or two or more second cutting blades by rotating the first rotation shaft. The crushed material can be sheared and crushed sequentially. And the division blade attachment structure of the crusher applied to this crusher acts similarly to the division blade attachment structure of the crusher which concerns on this invention.

  In the crusher according to the present invention, a plurality of divided blades that are provided on the second rotating shaft and have a blade mounting base that rotates with the second rotating shaft and is divided in the circumferential direction of the blade mounting base are Two or more second cutting blades, which are detachably attached to a blade mounting base, are provided along the second rotation axis, and at least a part of a side surface of the divided blade provided on the second rotation shaft is provided. A second spacer is provided on the second rotating shaft so as to be sandwiched from both sides, is provided on an outer surface corner of the second spacer facing a side surface of the split blade, and the outer surface corner of the second spacer is A concave portion for reducing the pressing force for pressing the side surface of the split blade can be provided.

  If it does in this way, the division blade attachment structure of the crusher concerning the present invention is applicable to a biaxial shear crusher. By rotating the first and second rotating shafts, the object to be crushed is sandwiched between the first cutting blade of the first rotating shaft and the second cutting blade of the second rotating shaft. , Can be sheared and crushed sequentially. And the recessed part provided in the outer surface corner | angular part facing the division blade which comprises the 2nd cutting blade of a 2nd spacer acts like the above.

  The crusher which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: The said 2nd cutting blade can be set as the structure fixed and provided in the fixing | fixed part.

  If it does in this way, the division blade attachment structure of the crusher concerning the present invention is applicable to a uniaxial shear crusher.

  According to the split blade mounting structure of the crusher and the crusher according to the present invention, the outer surface corner portion reduces the pressing force by which the outer surface corner portion presses the side surface of the split blade. Therefore, the split blade can be easily detached from the blade mounting base with a small force, and can be attached.

  Therefore, when replacing the divided blades, the divided blades cannot be removed from the blade mounting base. Therefore, the plurality of blade mounting bases and the plurality of first spacers are removed from the first rotating shaft, and then a plurality of each of the plurality of blade mounting bases is removed. There is no need to perform laborious work such as removing a plurality of divided blades from the blade mount, and the replacement operation of the divided blades can be performed very simply and quickly.

It is an expanded vertical sectional view which shows the state which is crushing the to-be-crushed object with the crusher which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial expanded longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the division blade attachment structure applied to the crusher of the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a recess formed in an outer surface corner of the first spacer of the split blade mounting structure shown in FIG. 2. It is a figure for demonstrating the technical significance of the crusher of the embodiment, The partial expanded cross section which shows the state which provided the conventional spacer in the crusher shown in FIG. 1, and the compression force is applied to the outer surface part of this spacer FIG. FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state where the split blade shown in FIG. 4 is worn. (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which removed the division | segmentation blade attached to the blade mounting base shown in FIG. 5 from the drive shaft, (b) removed the conventional spacer shown in FIG. 5 from the drive shaft. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a state. It is the elements on larger scale which show the outer surface part of the conventional spacer shown in FIG.6 (b). It is a figure which shows other embodiment of the division | segmentation blade attachment structure which concerns on the same invention, (a) is a partial expanded longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the other example of the recessed part currently formed in the outer surface corner | angular part of a 1st spacer, b) is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of a recess formed in an outer surface corner of the first spacer. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the conventional crusher. It is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional crusher. It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional cutting blade replacement | exchange apparatus.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a split blade mounting structure for a crusher according to the present invention and a crusher including the same will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIG. 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the split blade mounting structure 18 of the crusher is an outer surface portion 20 a on the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 20 by crushing the object 19 to be crushed by the crusher 17. Alternatively, even when the outer surface corner 23 facing the second divided blade 22) is deformed in the direction of expanding to the left and right toward the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22), the outer surface corner 23 is concerned. Even if it does not contact or contact the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22), the outer surface corner portion 23 is the first divided blade 21 (or the first divided blade 21). The pressing force that presses the side surface 24 of the two-divided blade 22) can be reduced, and after the crushing operation, the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) is moved with a small force from the blade mounting base 5. And then remove it outside in the radial direction It is intended to so that.

  The crusher 17 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a biaxial shearing crusher. The crusher 17 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the conventional crusher 1 shown in FIG. Is different from the crusher 17 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, whereas the outer surface corner 20 on both sides of the outer surface 20a on the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 20 is provided with a recess 25, In the conventional crusher 1 shown in FIG. 10, the concave portions 25 are not provided in the respective outer corner portions 23 on both sides of the outer surface portion 20 a of the spacer 7, but are formed as right-angle corner portions. Other than this, it is equivalent to the conventional crusher 1 shown in FIG. 10, and the equivalent parts are denoted by the same drawing symbols.

  Like the conventional crusher 1 shown in FIG. 10, the crusher 17 of this embodiment includes a casing 26, and both ends of the casing 26 are rotatably supported by bearings 27. A drive shaft (first rotation shaft) 3 and a driven shaft (second rotation shaft) 4 are provided, and the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 are arranged at a predetermined interval. The drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 are formed in a substantially rectangular cross section, and a drive gear 28 and a driven gear 29 are provided at one end of each of the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4, and the two gears 28, 29 are provided. Are meshing with each other. A drive motor 30 is connected to the drive shaft 3. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the left drive shaft 3 is driven to rotate in the clockwise direction, and the right driven shaft 4 is driven to rotate in the counterclockwise direction.

  A plurality of blade mounting bases 5 and spacers 20 are alternately arranged and mounted on the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 in the same manner as shown in FIG. The blade mounting base 5 and the spacer 20 mounted on each of the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 do not move in the axial direction. It is fastened and fixed by a nut 32 that is screwed into 3 and 4.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the first divided blade 21 and the second divided blade 22 attached to the respective blade mounting bases 5 are formed to have an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the spacer 20.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, six first divided blades 21 (or second divided blades 22) are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the blade mounting base 5 of the drive shaft 3 (or the driven shaft 4) with fixing bolts 33 ( The attachment means) is detachably attached. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, a space (between the two first divided blades 21 (or between the second divided blades 22) adjacent to each other) mounted on the blade mounting base 5 of the drive shaft 3 (or the driven shaft 4) ( The second divided blade 22 (or the first divided blade 21) attached to the blade mounting base 5 of the driven shaft 4 (or the drive shaft 3) is disposed in the space corresponding to the spacer 20. Thus, the object 19 is sheared and crushed.

  The first divided blade 21 and the second divided blade 22 that are provided on the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 and are arranged adjacent to each other in the respective axial directions are, for example, about 0.5 to 1.0 mm. They are arranged with a small gap. And the space | interval of the front-end | tip part of the 1st division blade 21 (or 2nd division blade 22) and the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 20 which opposes this is set so that it may be set to about 3 mm, for example.

  Since the first split blade 21, the second split blade 22 and the spacer 20 are arranged in this way, the tip and side corners of the first and second split blades 21 and 22 are covered. The crushed material 19 can be sheared and crushed. This shearing crushing is carried out by a so-called shearing action like a wrinkle.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, six blade attachment surfaces 34 to which the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) can be attached are formed on the outer peripheral surface of each blade attachment base 5. Yes. Each of the blade attachment surfaces 34 is formed on the rear lower surface of the first divided blade 21 (or second divided blade 22) with the lower surface of the first divided blade 21 (or second divided blade 22) in contact therewith. A convex locking step portion 36 is formed so that the concave step portion 35 is engaged, and the circumferential direction of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) is formed by the locking step portion 36. Is positioned. And when this 1st division | segmentation blade | edge 21 and the 2nd division | segmentation blade 22 crush the to-be-crushed object 19, this 1st division | segmentation blade | edge 21 and the 2nd division | segmentation blade 22 are the circumferential direction by external force. It also has a function of preventing positional displacement, and thereby, a rotational force can be transmitted from the blade mounting base 5 to the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22).

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 10, the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) attached to the blade attachment surface 34 is pressed and positioned by the spacers 20 adjacent to both sides in the axial direction. In addition, the spacer 20 supports the force received in the axial direction.

  The axial positioning of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) by the spacer 20 is performed as shown in FIG. 1. The spacer 20 protrudes radially outward from the blade mounting surface 34 of the blade mounting base 5. The protruding portion 37 (portion indicated by oblique lines) is formed by pressing the lower portion of the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22). Thus, by positioning the 1st division blade 21 (or 2nd division blade 22) with the spacer 20, as above-mentioned, the 1st division blade 21 arrange | positioned mutually facing in an axial direction and A distance from the second divided blade 22 is defined as a predetermined gap.

  Further, the axial force received by the first divided blade 21 and the second divided blade 22 is also supported by the protruding portion 37 (shaded portion shown in FIG. 1) of the adjacent spacer 208. As shown in FIG. 1, six protrusions 37 of the spacer 20 indicated by hatched portions are provided around the blade mounting base 5, and each of the six first divided blades 21 (or second divided blades 22) It is configured to be supported by the lower side surface 24 thereof.

  Thus, since the first divided blade 21 and the second divided blade 22 are attached to the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 in a state of being in close contact with the spacer 20, any of the first divided blade 21 and the second divided blade 22 is attached. Even when an axial force acts on the first divided blade 21 and the second divided blade 22, the adjacent spacer 20 is prevented from moving in the axial direction.

  And the 1st division blade 21 (or 2nd division blade 22) pinched from both sides with the spacer 20 is shown in the outer peripheral surface of the cutter mounting base 5 of the drive shaft 3 (or driven shaft 4), as shown in FIG. Since the fixing bolt 33 is detachably attached, the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) can be moved radially outward of the shafts 3 and 4 by removing the fixing bolt 33. This can be removed from the blade mount 5.

  The spacer 20 provided on the drive shaft 3 is a first spacer, and the spacer 20 provided on the driven shaft 4 is a second spacer. The blade mounting base 5 provided on the drive shaft 3 and the plurality of first divided blades 21 attached to the blade mounting base 5 are first cutting blades, and the first cutting blade is a driving shaft. A plurality are provided along 3. The blade mounting base 5 provided on the driven shaft 4 and the plurality of second divided blades 22 attached to the blade mounting base 5 are second cutting blades, and the second cutting blades are driven shafts. A plurality of lines 4 are provided.

  Next, the split blade mounting structure 18 of the crusher, which is a feature of the present invention, will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the split blade mounting structure 18 of the crusher includes a blade mounting base 5, a first split blade 21, a spacer 20, and a second split blade 22. It is attached to the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 (not shown).

  And the recessed part 25 is provided in each outer surface corner | angular part 23 facing the 1st division blade 21 in the outer surface part 20a of each spacer 20 with which this drive shaft 3 was mounted | worn. Similarly, although not shown in the figure, the outer surface corner portions 23 on both sides of the outer surface portion 20a of each of the plurality of spacers 20 mounted on the driven shaft 4 facing the second divided blade 22 are also provided with recesses 25. It has been. And the shape and magnitude | size of the recessed part 25 provided in each outer surface corner | angular part 23 of the both sides of the outer surface part 20a of each spacer 20 with which the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 were mounted | worn are substantially the same. is there.

  The concave portion 25 forms a rectangular gap between the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) and the outer surface corner portion 23 of the spacer 20 facing the side surface 24.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a recess 25 is formed over the entire circumference of both outer corner portions 23 in the outer periphery of the spacer 20, but instead of this, FIG. The recesses 25 may be formed in each of the six portions formed as the protruding portions 37 (portions indicated by oblique lines) of the spacer 20 shown.

  When the crushing object 19 is sheared and crushed by the first divided blade 21 and the second divided blade 22, the outer surface corner portions 23 on both sides of the spacer 20 are formed in the concave portion 25 by the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 21). The pressing force for pressing the side surface 24 of the divided blade 22) is set to zero or a magnitude close thereto. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the recess 25 has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the spacer 20, and a lower side of the cross-section is substantially parallel to the central axis of the drive shaft 3. .

  Here, the size of the recess 25 shown in FIG. 3 is the magnitude of the force applied to the outer surface portion 20a of the spacer 20 when the object 19 is sheared and crushed by the first divided blade 21 and the second divided blade 22. It is necessary to set according to the material of the spacer 20, the hardness of the outer surface portion 20a of the spacer 20, and the like.

  For example, when the magnitude of the force applied to the outer surface portion 20a of the spacer 20 is approximately, the material of the spacer 20 is, and the hardness of the outer surface portion 20a of the spacer 20 is approximately, the depth of the recess 25 is ~ mm and the lateral width is ~ mm. It can be.

  However, when the crushing object 19 is sheared and crushed by the first divided blade 21 and the second divided blade 22, the outer surface corner portions 23 on both sides of the spacer 20 are formed in the concave portion 25. The pressing force for pressing the side surface 24 of the two-divided blade 22) is set to zero or a magnitude close thereto, but instead, the outer surface corner portions 23 on both sides of the spacer 20 are replaced with the first divided blade 21 (or The pressing force for pressing the side surface 24 of the second divided blade 22) may be reduced to a predetermined magnitude.

  The pressing force having a predetermined size is a size that allows the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) to be removed radially outward with a relatively small force.

  Next, the operation of the crusher 17 configured as described above will be described. According to the crusher 17, the second split blade 22 (or the first split blade 21) is driven by driving the drive motor 30 and rotating the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 4 in a predetermined direction as shown in FIG. Each enters the space formed between the two first divided blades 21 (or the second divided blades 22) adjacent to each other, and the respective leading end portions of the first divided blade 21 and the second divided blade 22 and The objects 19 to be crushed can be sequentially sandwiched and sheared by the side corners.

  When the object to be crushed 19 is sheared and crushed in this way, as shown in FIG. 1, the object to be crushed 19 includes the outer surface of the second divided blade 22 (or the first divided blade 21) and the drive shaft 3 ( Alternatively, it is sandwiched between the outer surface of the spacer 20 mounted on the driven shaft 4) and compressed. As a result, a compressive force in the center direction toward the drive shaft 3 (or driven shaft 4) acts on the outer surface portion 20a of the spacer 20, and the outer surface portion 20a of the spacer 20 is the first divided blade 21 (or second divided blade). The outer surface corner 23 that faces the blade 22) is deformed in a direction that expands toward the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) (see FIG. 3).

  However, since the concave portions 25 are provided in the outer surface corner portions 23 on both sides of the outer surface portion 20a of the spacer 20, the outer surface corner portions 23 are formed on the side surfaces 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22). It is possible to prevent the contact, and even if it comes into contact, the pressing force that the outer surface corner 23 presses the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) has a predetermined magnitude. Can be reduced.

  Thus, when the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) is removed from the blade mounting base 5 toward the outside in the radial direction, the outer surface corners 23 on both sides of the spacer 20 and the first divided blade 21 are removed. The frictional resistance with the side surface 24 of (or the second divided blade 22) can be made to be zero or close to that, so that the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) can be replaced with the spacer 20 It can be removed from the blade mount 5 without being disturbed by the presence of.

  Moreover, if the recessed part 25 is formed so that the frictional resistance between the outer surface corner portion 23 of the spacer 20 and the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) is reduced to a predetermined size, the predetermined small size is obtained. The first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) can be easily detached from the blade mounting base 5 with force.

  Therefore, the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) can be easily detached from the blade mounting base 5 with a small force, and can be attached. The first divided blade 21 and the second divided blade 22 replacement work can be performed quickly.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, the recess 25 has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the spacer 20, and the bottom side of the cross-section is substantially parallel to the central axis of the drive shaft 3 or the driven shaft 4. Therefore, by shearing and crushing the material 19 to be crushed by the crusher 17, both outer corners 23 of the outer surface 20 a of the spacer 20 are in a predetermined range in the radial direction of the spacer 20 (a range smaller than the depth of the recess 25. ), When the outer surface corner 23 of the spacer 20 is deformed so as to expand to the left and right substantially uniformly toward the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22). Or the pressing force which presses the side surface 24 of the 2nd division blade 22) can be reduced effectively. Thus, the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) can be detached from the blade mount 5 with a small force.

  Next, the technical significance of the split blade mounting structure 18 for a crusher according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing the spacer 20 with the recess 25 attached to the crusher 17 of the present invention replaced with the conventional spacer 7 without the recess 25.

  The conventional spacer 7 shown in FIG. 4 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape at the outer peripheral portion, and both outer surface angles on the side toward the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) in the outer peripheral portion of the spacer 7. The portion 23 is not provided with a recess 25. Therefore, when the spacer 7 is in a new state as described above, as shown in FIG. 4, the blade mounting base 5, the spacer 7, and the first split blade 21 (or the drive shaft 3 (or the driven shaft 4)). The second divided blade 22) can be assembled with high accuracy.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the object 19 is crushed using this crusher, the object to be crushed is between the outer surface 22 a of the spacer 7 and the outer surface of the second divided blade 22 (or the first divided blade 21). The crushed material 19 enters, whereby the outer surface portion 20a of the spacer 7 receives a compressive force toward the center of the drive shaft 3 (or the driven shaft 4).

  As a result, both the outer surface corners 23 facing the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) which is the outer surface portion 20 a of the spacer 7 and adjacent to the first divided blade 21. In an attempt to deform in a direction that expands toward the side surface 24 of the (or second divided blade 22), the state is brought into pressure contact with the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22). Also at this time, since the side surface of the spacer 7 is restrained by the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22), it does not deform and remains the same as when it is new.

  FIG. 5 shows a state in which the tip and side portions of the first split blade 21 (or the second split blade 22) are worn as crushing is performed. At this time, the spacer 7 is not different from the new shape.

  However, in order to replace the worn first divided blade 21 (or second divided blade 22), remove the first divided blade 21 (or second divided blade 22) from the blade mounting base 5. However, since both the outer surface corner portions 23 of the outer surface portion 20a of the spacer 7 are in pressure contact with the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22), the first divided blade 21 (Or the second divided blade 22) may not be removed from the blade mounting base 5.

  In such a case, the blade mounting base 5 and the spacer 7 are all removed from the drive shaft 3 (or the driven shaft 4), and then a plurality of first divided blades 21 (or second divided blades) are removed from each of the plurality of blade mounting bases 5. It is necessary to remove the blade 22).

  On the other hand, in this invention, it cancels or suppresses that each outer surface corner | angular part 23 in the outer surface part 20a of the spacer 20 presses against the side surface 24 of the 1st division blade 21 (or the 2nd division blade 22). Therefore, in order to replace the worn first divided blade 21 (or second divided blade 22), it is not necessary to perform the disassembling work as described above, and it is extremely easy to remove the fixing bolt 33. In addition, a large number of first divided blades 21 (or second divided blades 22) can be quickly removed from the blade mounting base 5.

  Next, FIG. 6A shows a state where the worn first divided blade 21 attached to the blade mounting base 5 shown in FIG. 5 is detached from the drive shaft 3, and FIG. 6 shows a state in which the conventional spacer 7 shown in FIG. FIG. 7 shows an outer surface portion 20a of the conventional spacer 7 shown in FIG. 6 (b).

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the spacer 7 is removed from the drive shaft 3, as shown in FIG. 7, the outer surface portion 20a of the spacer 7 is subjected to stresses remaining on the outer surface portion 20a. Spreads in the thickness direction (left-right direction) of the spacer 7 and plastically deforms.

  That is, even if the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) can be forcibly removed from the blade mounting base 5 in the state shown in FIG. 5, as shown in FIG. Since the portion 20a is plastically deformed in the direction of expanding to the left and right, next, for example, a new first divided blade 21 (or second divided blade 22) is tried to be installed in the space between the two adjacent spacers 7. The spacer 7 is obstructed by both plastically deformed outer corners 23 and cannot be mounted in the space.

  In such a case, it is necessary to scrape off each outer surface corner 23 of the spacer 7 that has been plastically deformed and protruded in the left-right direction, which is troublesome.

  On the other hand, in this invention, it cancels or suppresses that each outer surface corner | angular part 23 in the outer surface part 20a of the spacer 20 presses against the side surface 24 of the 1st division blade 21 (or the 2nd division blade 22). Therefore, when the worn first divided blade 21 (or second divided blade 22) is removed from the blade mounting base 5, each outer surface corner 23 of the spacer 20 is then replaced with a new first divided blade. The blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) does not get in the way when being mounted in the space between the two spacers 20, and is simply mounted in the space between the two spacers 20. Can do.

  However, in the said embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, although this invention was applied to the biaxial shearing crusher 17, it can replace with this and can be applied to a uniaxial shearing crusher. In this case, for example, a configuration in which a plurality of second divided blades are fixed to the casing 26 can be employed. The plurality of second divided blades may be formed as a single body or may be of two or more divided types.

  And in the said embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the recessed part 25 is provided in each outer surface corner | angular part 23 which is the outer surface part 20a of the spacer 20, and opposes the 1st division blade 21 (or 2nd division blade 22). However, instead of this, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, a concave portion 38 or a concave portion 39 may be provided in each of the outer corner portions 23.

  The concave portion 38 is a tapered inclined surface that approaches the central axis of the drive shaft 3 (or the driven shaft 4) as the bottom surface thereof approaches the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22). And the recessed part 39 is a convex shape which approaches the center axis | shaft of the drive shaft 3 (or driven shaft 4), and protrudes outside, as the bottom face goes to the 1st division blade 21 (or 2nd division blade 22). It is formed as an inclined surface.

  If comprised in this way, by crushing the to-be-crushed object 19 with the crusher 17, each outer surface corner | angular part 23 of the outer surface part 20a of the spacer 20 will be the side surface 24 of the 1st division | segmentation blade 21 (or 2nd division | segmentation blade 22). In accordance with the shape and size of deformation toward the outer surface, a recess 38 or a recess 39 is formed on each outer surface corner 23 of the spacer 20, and each outer surface corner 23 of the spacer 20 is formed by the first split blade 21 ( Alternatively, the pressing force for pressing the side surface 24 of the second divided blade 22) can be effectively reduced. Thus, the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) can be detached from the blade mount 5 with a small force.

  The point is that the outer surface corner portion 23 of the outer surface portion 20a of the spacer 20 is deformed toward the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) by shearing and crushing the object 19 to be crushed by the crusher 17. In this case, both outer corners 23 of the outer surface portion 20a of the spacer 20 are formed on the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) in a predetermined range in the radial direction of the spacer 20. The concave portions 25, 38, and 39 may be formed in each outer surface corner portion 23 so as not to contact the side surface 24 or contact with a small contact pressure even when plastically deformed. Thereby, each outer surface corner 23 of the spacer 20 can effectively reduce the pressing force that presses the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22).

  Of course, the concave portions 25, 38 or 39 are provided in both the outer surface corner portions 23 of the outer surface portion 20 a of the spacer 20, but instead, the concave portion 25 or the like is formed in one outer surface corner portion 23 of the outer surface portion 20 a of the spacer 20. May be provided. Thus, even if the concave portion 25 or the like is provided in one outer surface corner 23, the pressing force for pressing the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) can be reduced as much as necessary.

  In addition, the outer surface portion 20a of the spacer 20 of the above embodiment is subjected to quenching such as induction hardening for each portion sandwiched between the side surfaces 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22). Can do. Of course, you may harden over the perimeter (entire outer peripheral surface) of the outer surface part 20a of the spacer 20. FIG.

  If it does in this way, the direction which the outer surface corner | angular part 23 of the outer surface part 20a of the spacer 20 spreads toward the side surface 24 of the 1st division | segmentation blade 21 (or 2nd division | segmentation blade 22) by carrying out the shearing crushing of the to-be-crushed object 19. The amount of deformation (the amount of deformation caused by plastic deformation when the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) is removed) can be reduced. Therefore, the pressing force with which the outer surface corner 23 of the spacer 20 presses the side surface 24 of the first divided blade 21 (or the second divided blade 22) can be further reduced.

  Furthermore, in the said embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, although the inside of the recessed part 25 was made into the space (gap), it replaces with this, Although not shown in a figure, substantially the whole inside space of this recessed part 25 is shown. The spacer 20 may be filled with a filling member made of a material whose hardness is smaller than that of the outer surface portion 20a.

  If it does in this way, since it can prevent that the to-be-crushed object 19 approachs into the inner side space or clearance gap in the recessed part 25 in the case of a crushing operation | work, the to-be-crushed object 19 is the 1st division | segmentation blade 21 ( Or it can be made not to become resistance at the time of removing the 2nd division blade 22). And a filler can set hardness smaller than the outer surface part of the spacer 20 so that it may not become a big resistance when removing the 1st division blade 21 (or 2nd division blade 22). The filling material may be made of metal or synthetic resin, for example.

  As described above, the split blade mounting structure and the shredder of the crusher according to the present invention have an excellent effect that enables the cutting blade to be easily removed from the blade mounting base with a small force. It is suitable to be applied to the machine's split blade mounting structure and crusher.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Drive shaft 4 Driven shaft 5 Cutter mounting stand 17 Crusher 18 Split blade mounting structure of crusher 19 Object to be crushed 20 Spacer 20a Spacer outer surface 21 First split blade 22 Second split blade 23 Spacer outer corner 24 Cut Blade side surface 25 Concave portion 26 Casing 27 Bearing 28 Drive gear 29 Driven gear 30 Drive motor 31 Hook portion 32 Nut 33 Fixing bolt 34 Blade attachment surface 35 Step portion 36 Locking step portion 37 Protruding portion 38, 39 Concavity

Claims (10)

A blade mounting base that is provided on the first rotating shaft and rotates with the first rotating shaft, and a plurality of divided blades divided in the circumferential direction of the blade mounting base are detachably mounted on the blade mounting base. Two or more first cutting blades are provided along the first rotation axis,
A first spacer disposed on the first rotating shaft so as to sandwich at least a part of a side surface of the split blade from both sides;
In the split blade mounting structure of a crusher comprising one or more second cutting blades for shearing and crushing an object to be crushed between the two or more first cutting blades,
It is provided in the outer surface corner of the first spacer facing the side surface of the divided blade, and the outer surface corner of the first spacer has a recess for reducing the pressing force pressing the side surface of the divided blade. A split blade mounting structure for a crusher characterized by   The concave portion has an outer surface angle of the first spacer when the object to be crushed is removed from the outer surface of the first spacer after the object to be crushed is sheared and crushed by the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade. In the state where the portion is plastically deformed, the outer surface corner portion of the first spacer is formed so that the pressing force pressing the side surface of the divided blade becomes zero or a magnitude close thereto. The split blade mounting structure for a crusher according to claim 1. The concave portion has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the first spacer, and a lower side of the cross-sectional shape is substantially parallel to the central axis of the first rotation axis, or
The bottom surface of the concave portion is formed as a tapered inclined surface that protrudes outward or protrudes toward the center axis of the first rotating shaft as it goes toward the divided blade. Split blade mounting structure for the described crusher. The split blade attached to the blade mounting base is formed with an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the first spacer,
4. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the object to be crushed is sheared and crushed by the second cutting blade entering a space formed between the two divided blades adjacent to each other in the axial direction. A split blade mounting structure for a crusher according to any one of the above.   The division of the crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a quenching process is performed on at least a portion of the outer surface portion of the first spacer that is sandwiched between the side surfaces of the division blade. Blade mounting structure. A blade mounting base provided on the first rotating shaft and rotating with the first rotating shaft is provided, and a plurality of divided blades divided in the circumferential direction of the blade mounting base are detachably mounted on the blade mounting base. Two or more first cutting blades are provided along the first rotation axis,
A first spacer disposed on the first rotating shaft so as to sandwich at least a part of a side surface of the split blade from both sides;
In the split blade mounting structure of a crusher comprising one or more second cutting blades for shearing and crushing an object to be crushed between the two or more first cutting blades,
The outer surface corner portion of the first spacer has a gap for reducing the pressing force pressing the side surface of the divided blade, the side surface of the divided blade, and the outer surface corner portion of the first spacer facing the side surface. A split blade mounting structure for a crusher characterized by being formed between the two.   The crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the inner space or the gap of the concave portion is filled with a filling member made of a material having a hardness lower than that of the outer surface portion of the first spacer. Split blade mounting structure.   A crusher comprising the split blade mounting structure for a crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 7. A cutter mounting base provided on the second rotary shaft and rotating with the second rotary shaft is provided, and a plurality of divided blades divided in the circumferential direction of the cutter mounting base are detachably attached to the cutter mounting base. Two or more second cutting blades are provided along the second rotation axis,
A second spacer is provided on the second rotary shaft so as to sandwich at least a part of a side surface of the split blade provided on the second rotary shaft from both sides;
Provided at an outer surface corner portion of the second spacer facing the side surface of the split blade, and the outer surface corner portion of the second spacer includes a recess for reducing a pressing force pressing the side surface of the split blade. The crusher of Claim 8 characterized by these.   The crusher according to claim 8, wherein the second cutting blade is configured to be fixed to a fixing portion.

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