JP3623187B2 - Shearing crusher - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shearing crusher that crushes various objects to be crushed, such as sheet-like materials, by a shearing action by a cutting blade, and more particularly to a shearing crusher in which the cutting blade can be easily replaced.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a shearing type crusher (shredder) that crushes all objects to be crushed, such as plastic, wood pieces, paper, metal, rubber, fiber, and leather, using a shearing force is known.
[0003]
As this type of invention, for example, there is a device described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-131443 filed earlier by the present applicant. The shredder cutting blade of the present invention has a drive shaft 51 as shown in a plan view of the shearing crusher shown in FIG. 6 and a front view showing the relationship between the cutting blade of the shearing crusher and the spacer shown in FIG. A plurality of blade mounting bases 53 and spacers 54 are juxtaposed in the axial direction of the driven shaft 52, and the cutting blades 55 mounted on the blade mounting base 53 are attached so as to be in close contact with the adjacent spacers 54.
[0004]
The cutting blades 55 provided on the shafts 51 and 52 are arranged in a state of being closely wrapped with a minute gap of about 0.5 to 1 mm, for example, and are covered at the tip and side corners of the cutting blade 55. The crushed material is sheared. This crushing is carried out by a so-called shearing action like a wrinkle.
[0005]
The cutting blade 55 for shearing and crushing the object to be crushed in this way is attached so as to sandwich the spacer 54 in the axial direction so that the spacer 54 supports the positioning of the cutting blade 55 and the lateral load during shearing. Yes.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, there are various miscellaneous objects to be crushed by this type of shearing crusher, and when such crushed objects are crushed for a long time, the crushed objects adhere between the cutting blades 55. In some cases, the cutting blade 55 and the blade mounting base 53 may be in close contact with each other due to rust or the like due to moisture in the object to be crushed.
[0007]
On the other hand, the cutting blade 55 for shearing and crushing in this way crushes various objects to be crushed such as plastic and wood, and therefore may be partially damaged or worn in a short time. When this cutting blade 55 wears, it wears from the corners of the tip and the side, but if the wear amount of the corners increases, the shear crushing ability will drop significantly, so the worn cut to maintain the crushing ability The blade 55 must be replaced. Moreover, such a cutting blade 55 must be replaced even when a part of the rotary blade is damaged.
[0008]
However, as described above, when the cutting blade 55 is in close contact with the blade mounting base 53 due to rust or the like, it is very difficult to remove the cutting blade 55 in which the spacer 54 is in close contact with both sides in the radial direction. There is a lot of time and labor required to replace the cutting blade 55. In addition, if the rust is firmly adhered, the shafts 51 and 52 may need to be disassembled.
[0009]
For this reason, the crusher is in a stopped state during such replacement work, and the operating rate of the crusher is reduced.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides a blade attachment for providing a plurality of blade mounting bases with a spacer in the axial direction of the drive shaft and attaching a plurality of cutting blades divided in the circumferential direction of the blade mounting base. In the shearing crusher configured to form a surface and to support by positioning the base of the cutting blade in the axial direction with a protruding portion projecting a predetermined amount of the edge of the spacer from the blade mounting surface , some of the spacer of the projecting portion in contact with the position of one of the cutting blades of the circumferentially divided plurality of cutting blades, removable radially one at the position of the projecting portion when removed An attachment / detachment portion is formed which is a space in which one side surface of the cutting blade is opened, and the attachment / detachment portion is formed in a form in which the outer shape of the spacer is formed when fixed integrally with the spacer. In this specification, the drive shaft is a single shaft. In the case of two shafts, the driven shaft is also the drive shaft. By thus forming the detachable part that detached one cutting blade of the plurality of cutting blades provided on the tool mount in the circumferential direction on the spacer, if detached the detachable part in a radial direction, the drive shaft the side surface of one of the cutting blades of the cutting blade is positioned in the axial direction is released restraint is opened, the cutting edge of its position easily can detaching Succoth the open axial, After removing one of the cutting blades, it is possible to quickly perform an operation of removing and replacing the other cutting blades of the blade mounting base in the circumferential direction which becomes a space .
[0011]
Moreover, the removable portion, the outer shape of the spacer when the spacer integrally forms in the form as it is formed, during normal crushing no member projecting radially, the cutting blades if necessary A detachable portion that can be removed can be configured.
[0012]
Further, if the spacer formed with the attachment / detachment portion is disposed so as to contact one side of the plurality of cutting blades provided in the axial direction among the plurality of spacers provided in the axial direction of the drive shaft, the number of attachment / detachment portions can be reduced. Since the plurality of cutting blades can be removed by the removal, the cutting blades can be exchanged efficiently.
[0013]
Furthermore, if a screw part for mechanically removing the detachable part from the blade mounting base in the radial direction is formed in the detachable part, the detachable part can be easily removed with a simple jig such as a bolt.
[0014]
In addition, if the screw hole that mechanically removes the detachable part from the blade mounting base in the radial direction is formed in the bolt hole that attaches the detachable part to the spacer, the screw part that removes the detachable part during normal crushing is exposed to the outside. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the difficulty in replacement work due to adhesion of crushed objects and generation of rust due to long-term use of the screw portion.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a drawing showing the relationship between a cutting blade and a spacer in a shearing crusher showing an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a plan view and (b) is a front view. 2A and 2B are drawings of a detachable portion provided on the spacer shown in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 2A is a plan view and FIG. 2B is a front view. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part A shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of a shearing crusher in which the cutting blades and spacers shown in FIG. 1 are alternately provided. In the following embodiments, a biaxial shearing crusher will be described as an example of a shearing crusher, and the drive shaft 4 will be described as an example in the detailed description.
[0016]
First, as shown in FIG. 4, the casing 2 of the biaxial shearing crusher 1 is parallel to the casing 2 at a fixed interval in a state where the drive shaft 4 and the driven shaft 5 supported at both ends by the bearing 3 can rotate. Are installed side by side. The drive shaft 4 and the driven shaft 5 are formed in a substantially rectangular cross section, and are configured to rotate inwardly by a drive gear 6 and a driven gear 7 provided at one end of these shafts.
[0017]
In the axial direction of the drive shaft 4 and the driven shaft 5, multiple rows are provided so that the cutting blades 9 sandwiched by the spacers 8 are alternately positioned. In this way, the cutting blade 9 and the spacer 8 are provided so as to be different from each other at the position where they face each other, so that the cutting blade 9 and the spacer 8 face each other at the positions where both the shafts 4 and 5 face each other. Thus, the side surfaces of the cutting blades 9 provided on both shafts 4 and 5 are wrapped with a minute gap of about 0.5 to 1 mm, for example.
[0018]
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the cutting blade 9 provided on the drive shaft 4 is provided around a blade mounting base 10 provided on the drive shaft 4. In this embodiment, Five cutting blades 9 are attached around the blade mounting base 10.
[0019]
A blade mounting surface 11 is formed at a position where the cutting blade 9 is provided on the blade mounting base 10. A locking step 14 is formed on the blade mounting surface 11 so that the step 13 formed on the front portion of the cutting blade 9 engages with the lower surface of the cutting blade 9 in contact with the blade mounting surface 11. The circumferential direction of the cutting blade 9 is determined by the locking step 14.
[0020]
The cutting blade 9 attached to the blade attachment surface 11 is pressed by a spacer 8 adjacent in the axial direction to be positioned and load supported in the axial direction. This positioning is performed by supporting the side surface of the cutting blade 9 with the protruding portion 12 (shown by hatching) of the spacer 8 that protrudes from the blade mounting surface 11 of the blade mounting base 10, thereby opposing the surface as described above. Thus, a minute gap between the wrapping cutting blades 9 is maintained. The axial load is also supported by the adjacent spacer 8 that presses the cutting blade 9. In addition, the hatched portion shown in one cutting blade 9 shown in the figure is a portion pressed by the spacer 8 at the protruding portion 12, and all the cutting blades 9 provided around the cutter mounting base 10 are similarly protruding portions. 12 is pressed.
[0021]
Accordingly, in the state where the cutting blade 9 is attached in close contact with the spacer 8, the axial movement of the cutting blade 9 is suppressed by the adjacent spacer 8 regardless of which cutting blade 9 is subjected to an axial load. . In addition, since the axial movement of the cutting blade 9 is suppressed by the spacer 8, the cutting blade 9 is attached only by attachment means such as a fixing bolt 16 that can be fixed in the radial direction.
[0022]
Then, one of the plurality of cutting blades 9 provided in the circumferential direction of the blade mounting base 10 is configured to be removable in a state where the portion of the spacer 8 positioned in the axial direction is a space. In this embodiment, the cutting blade 9 is configured to be removable by forming an attaching / detaching portion 17 in which a part of the spacer 8 is detachable on the spacer 8 located on one side of the cutting blade 9 at the upper end shown in the figure. ing. The detachable portion 17 is fixed from the radial direction of the spacer 8 by a mounting bolt 18, and in a fixed state, the detachable portion 17 becomes a part of the outer shape of the spacer 8 to form an integral spacer 8. .
[0023]
As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the attachment / detachment portion 17 has two bolt holes 19 for attaching to the spacer 8, and the attachment / detachment portion 17 is provided between the bolt holes 19. A extracting screw 20 (so-called extracting tap) for extracting in the radial direction is provided. The bolt hole 19 is formed with a counterbore 19a so that the head of the mounting bolt 18 (FIG. 1) does not protrude.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the detachable portion 17 is provided on the cutting blade 9 so as to position the base portion 15 of the cutting blade 9 attached to the blade mounting base 10 in the axial direction while being attached to the spacer 8. The protrusion 12 is in contact with the side surface (FIG. 1B) and is formed in a size having a predetermined depth from the mounting surface 11 of the cutting blade 9. The height of the detachable portion 17 is preferably such that the mounting bolt 18 can be reliably fixed without protruding from the outer diameter of the spacer 8. By forming the detachable portion 17 in such a manner as to include the protruding portion 12 in this manner, the cutting blade 9 at the upper end illustrated in the state where the detachable portion 17 is removed has a space in the axial direction in the front direction of the paper, It can be removed by moving it forward or tilting it.
[0025]
As shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 3A, the screw 20 of the detachable portion 17 is closed with a bolt 21 during normal crushing, and the removal bolt 22 (two-point difference) is removed when the detachable portion 17 is removed. Replaced by a line).
[0026]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, a screw portion 23 having a diameter larger than that of the mounting screw is formed in the bolt hole 19 in place of the extraction screw 22 for extracting the detachable portion 17, and the mounting bolt 18. After detaching, the detachable portion 17 may be removed in the radial direction of the spacer 8 by screwing a large-diameter jack bolt 24 (indicated by a two-dot chain line) into the screw portion 23. In this case, since the screw part 23 is concealed by the head of the bolt 18 at the time of normal shear crushing, a configuration for preventing the crushing object from being clogged with the screw part 23 is not necessary.
[0027]
A method for removing the cutting blade 9 in the biaxial shearing crusher 1 configured as described above will be described below. 5 is a drawing showing the cutting blade and the spacer shown in FIG. 1, wherein (a) is a perspective view in an assembled state, and (b) is a perspective view in a removed state. In these drawings, only the blade mounting base and the spacer provided with a pair of cutting blades are shown, but a large number of these are provided in the axial direction of the drive shaft and the driven shaft as shown in FIG. The cutting blade of the other shaft is opposed to the spacer of the other shaft, and the cutting blade of the other shaft is alternately provided so as to face the spacer of one shaft.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 5A, the cutting blade 9 and the spacer 8 configured as described above are in contact with one protruding portion 12 of the cutting blade 9 provided around the blade mounting base 10. A detachable portion 17 is formed in the spacer 8 at the position. In the state where the cutting blade 9 and the spacer 8 are assembled, the cutting blade 9 is fixed in a state where the base 15 (FIG. 1) of the cutting blade 9 is in close contact with the spacers 8 provided on both sides. In this state, the detachable portion 17 formed in a part of the spacer 8 is in a state of being in close contact with the cutting blade 9 by the function as the spacer 8.
[0029]
When the cutting blade 9 is removed, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the attachment bolt 18 (FIG. 1) of the attachment / detachment portion 17 formed on a part of the spacer 8 is removed, and then the attachment / detachment portion 17 is provided. The removal bolt 22 (FIG. 3 (a)) is screwed into the extracted screw 20 (FIG. 1), the tip of the removal bolt 22 is brought into contact with the blade mounting base 10, and the attachment / detachment portion 17 is attached to the blade by further screwing. It is shifted from the table 10 in the radial direction (state indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 3A) and is removed from between the cutting blades 9. At this time, since the detachable portion 17 is pulled out in the radial direction by the force of the detaching bolt 22 using the pulling screw 20 serving as a pulling tap, adhesion and rust of the object to be crushed between the cutting blade 9 and the blade mounting surface 11 Even if this occurs, it can be easily extracted.
[0030]
When the detachable portion 17 is extracted in this manner, one side surface of the cutting blade 9 adjacent to the detachable portion 17 is opened to become a space, and therefore, after removing the fixing bolt 16 that fixes the cutting blade 9 The first cutting blade 9 can be easily removed by shifting or tilting the cutting blade 9 toward the detachable portion 17 in the axial direction.
[0031]
When one of the cutting blades 9 provided in the circumferential direction of the blade mounting base 10 is removed in this way, the circumferential end of the cutting blade 9 adjacent to the cutting blade 9 is exposed, so that the same The other cutting blade 9 provided on the blade mounting base 10 can be easily removed by hitting the exposed end after removing the fixing bolt 16 that fixes the cutting blade 9.
[0032]
Accordingly, the plurality of cutting blades 9 provided on one blade mounting base 10 can be easily removed while being attached to the drive shaft 4 so as to be sandwiched between the spacers 8. It can be done quickly in a short time. In addition, after exchanging the worn or damaged cutting blade 9 in this way, the operation of attaching a new cutting blade 9 can be easily performed in a short time by the reverse procedure.
[0033]
In addition, the spacer 8 provided with the detachable portion 17 that enables the cutting blade 9 to move in the axial direction is only the spacer 8 that comes into contact with one side of the plurality of cutting blades 9 provided in the axial direction of both the shafts 4, 5. 4, an attachment / detachment portion 17 is provided for each second piece of the plurality of rows of spacers 8 provided in the axial direction of the drive shaft 4, and if this attachment / detachment portion 17 is removed, the adjacent blade mounting base 10 is attached. The provided cutting blade 9 can be removed by moving or tilting in either the left or right axial direction. That is, the removal position of the attachment / detachment portion 17 formed on one spacer 8 can be shared by the cutting blades 9 on both sides. In this case, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by limiting the number of spacers 8 on which the detachable portion 17 is provided.
[0034]
In the above-described embodiment, the blade mounting base 10 provided with the five cutting blades 9 around is taken as an example, but the number of cutting blades 9 provided is not limited. In addition, the cutting blade 9 does not necessarily need to cover the periphery of the blade mounting base 10, and the cutting blade 9 is attached so as to be in close contact with the blade mounting base 10, and the axial movement of the cutting blade 9 is restricted. If applicable, the same applies.
[0035]
In the above-described embodiment, the shafts 4 and 5 and the circular spacer 8 having a substantially square cross section are used, but these and other configurations are not limited to the form.
[0036]
Furthermore, the above-described embodiment is an embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is implemented in the form described above, and has the following effects.
[0038]
Since at least one of the cutting blades can be removed from the attaching / detaching portion formed on the spacer, the operation of removing the other cutting blades in the circumferential direction can be performed quickly, and the cutting blade with reduced operation rate of the crusher can be suppressed. The replacement work can be easily performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a drawing showing the relationship between a cutting blade and a spacer in a shearing crusher showing an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a plan view and (b) is a front view.
2A and 2B are drawings of a detachable portion provided on the spacer shown in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 2A is a plan view and FIG. 2B is a front view.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part A shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a shearing crusher in which cutting blades and spacers shown in FIG. 1 are alternately provided.
5A and 5B are diagrams showing the cutting blade and the spacer shown in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 5A is a perspective view in an assembled state, and FIG. 5B is a perspective view in a removed state.
6 is a plan view showing a conventional shear crusher. FIG. 7 is a front view showing a relationship between a cutting blade and a spacer of the shear crusher shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Biaxial shearing crusher 2 ... Casing 3 ... Bearing 4 ... Drive shaft 5 ... Drive shaft 6 ... Drive gear 7 ... Drive gear 8 ... Spacer 9 ... Cutting blade 10 ... Blade mounting base 11 ... Tool mounting surface 12 ... Projection Part 13 ... Step part 14 ... Locking step part 15 ... Base part 16 ... Fixing bolt 17 ... Detachable part 18 ... Mounting bolt 19 ... Bolt hole 20 ... Extraction screw 21 ... Bolt 22 ... Removal bolt 23 ... Screw part 24 ... Jack bolt

Claims (4)

A plurality of blade mounting bases are provided across the spacer in the axial direction of the drive shaft, a blade mounting surface for mounting a plurality of cutting blades in the circumferential direction of the blade mounting base is formed, and the edge of the spacer is mounted on the blade In a shearing type crusher configured to support by positioning in the axial direction of the base of the cutting blade with a protrusion protruding a predetermined amount from the surface ,
Some position the spacer in contact with the projecting portion of one cutting blade of the plurality of cutting blades divided in the circumferential direction, removable radially in projecting portion of the position when removed 1 A shearing crush formed in such a manner that an attaching / detaching portion is formed in which one side surface of each cutting blade is open, and the attaching / detaching portion is integrally fixed with the spacer. Machine. Claim 1, characterized in that the spacer formed with the detachable portion, among a plurality of spacers provided in the axial direction of the drive shaft, is disposed in contact with one side of a plurality of cutting blades provided in the axial direction serial mounting of shear crusher. The shearing type crusher according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a screw portion for mechanically removing the detachable portion from the blade mount in the radial direction is formed in the detachable portion. The shear type crusher according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a screw portion for mechanically removing the detachable portion from the blade mounting base in a radial direction is formed in a bolt hole for attaching the detachable portion to the spacer.

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