JP2017209668A - Rough-crushing device of waste plastic - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently crush large-sized waste plastic even if torque of a rotary blade is low.SOLUTION: A rough-crushing device comprises a plurality of rotary blades 4 installed in a state of gradually dislocating respective edge parts 4a in the rotational direction of a rotary shaft 9 with two rotary blades 4A as the symmetric center around the rotatingly driven rotary shaft 9 in a device body 2, a plurality of fixed blades 3 installed in the device body 2 for cutting waste plastic (d) by individually crossing with the respective rotary blades 4, a plurality of crushing object backflow preventive plates 11 installed so as to be positioned on the opposite side of the plurality of fixed blades 3 to the rotary shaft 9 and to be positioned between the plurality of rotary blades 4 and a checking plate 11A installed on the fixed blade 3 side of the device body 2 between the two rotary blades 4A.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for roughly crushing waste plastics that can reduce the load of a crushing apparatus for finely cutting in the next process by roughly cutting the discarded plastics when recycling them.

  Waste plastics, such as automobile parts such as pallets for transportation, return boxes (plastic cases), bumpers or instrument panels (instrument panels) with "speedometer", "tachometer", "warning lamp" etc. For recycling, a crushing device or a cutting device is used. These waste plastics have a large plate thickness and may not be easily cut or crushed by the crushing device or the rotary blade of the cutting device.

Similarly, for so-called large waste plastics such as plastic tanks, blow containers, beer cases, press-molded products, etc., before crushing or crushing with a crushing device or cutting device, the crushing device or It was thrown into the cutting device. Such large waste plastics may not be able to be input from the input port of the crushing device or the cutting device. Furthermore, a large wall plate and door such as a simple toilet device must be cut to a predetermined size before being put into a crushing device or a cutting device.
In this specification, “large” and “large” are used in comparison with the size of plastic bottles, seafood sold at supermarkets, and plastics such as plastic trays with raw meat. Yes.

  Therefore, a technique for crushing or crushing large waste plastics has been proposed. For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-305307 disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-305307, a casing, a shaft that is pivotally supported in the casing, driven around the axis, and a number of first rotary blades open gaps and are axial. A crushing roller arranged in parallel in a direction, and a comb member fixed to the casing and having a plurality of fixed blades arranged between the first rotary blades, and the object to be crushed is fixed to the first rotary blades In the crushing device that is crushed between the blades, a wire mesh that is close to the rotation trajectory of the crushing roller and that has an entire cross-section formed in an arcuate shape is disposed in the casing. There has been proposed a crushing device in which an outer peripheral surface has a pressing arc-shaped surface that is substantially aligned with the arc shape, and a friction resistance portion for holding an object to be crushed is formed on the pressing arc-shaped surface.

JP 2005-305307 A

  However, the “crushing apparatus” of Patent Document 1 is a technique for crushing or crushing large waste plastics, but is intended for soft materials such as polystyrene foam. It is not suitable for large and hard items such as bumpers or instrument panels, work pallets, and beer cases.

  In a crushing device or a crushing device in which the cutting edges of a rotary blade are aligned in a conventional manner, the rotation may stop when large waste plastics are caught between the rotary blades. At this time, the rotating blade could not be rotated unless a stronger torque was applied. Of course, if a large motor is used, it can be rotated. However, there is a problem that the power consumption is large and the processing cost increases. In addition, there is a problem that the apparatus becomes larger and heavier by installing a large motor.

  The present invention has been developed to solve such problems. That is, the object of the present invention is to provide a rough crushing device for waste plastics that can efficiently crush large waste plastics even if the rotary blade torque is low by devising the arrangement of the rotary blades and the like. There is to do.

The present invention is a waste plastic rough crushing device (1) for cutting waste plastics (d),
An apparatus main body (2) provided with an inlet (5) into which waste plastics (d) is introduced and an outlet (6) through which waste plastics (d) after crushing are discharged;
In the apparatus main body (2), two rotary blades (4A) provided in the same direction at the central portion in the axial direction of the rotary shaft (9) are symmetrical around the rotary shaft (9) to be driven to rotate. A plurality of rotary blades (4) attached in a state where each blade edge portion (4a) is gradually shifted in the rotation direction of the rotary shaft (9),
When the rotary blades (4) rotate, they are arranged so as to come into contact with the inner surface individually, and cut the waste plastics (d) across the rotary blades (4). A plurality of fixed blades (3) arranged side by side so as to protrude to the rotating shaft (9) side,
A plurality of crushed objects attached so as to be located on the opposite side of the plurality of fixed blades (3) with respect to the rotating shaft (9) and between the plurality of rotating blades (4) A backflow prevention plate (11),
A blocking plate (11A) attached to the fixed blade (3) side of the device main body (2) between the two rotary blades (4A),
The plurality of crushed material backflow prevention plates (11) prevent the cut waste plastics (d) from returning to the charging port (5) together with the rotary blade (4),
The blocking plate (11A) prevents the cut waste plastics (d) from moving together with the two rotary blades (4A).

Each rotary blade (4) is attached to the inner side surface and the outer side surface so that each blade edge portion (4a) faces in the opposite direction around the axis of the rotary shaft (9) in a set of two sheets,
When intersecting the fixed blade (3), one blade edge (4a) is cut so as to sandwich the waste plastics (d), and the other blade edge (4a) is cut into the waste plastics (d). You may comprise so that it may cut | disconnect so that it may bite.
The blade edge portion (4a) of the rotary blade (4) has a substantially J shape having a straight portion (4b) and a curved portion (4c), and waste plastics (d) are placed on the rotary shaft (9) side. It is arrange | positioned so that it may wind, and it is comprised so that the base end part of this curved part (4c) may cross | intersect the said fixed blade (3) ahead of the front end side of this linear part (4a). It is preferable.

  The upper surface of the fixed blade (3) may be attached so that the device main body (2) side is lower than the rotating shaft (9) side.

  Two rotary blades (4A) provided in the same direction at the central portion in the axial direction of the rotary shaft (9) are set as symmetrical centers, and a plurality of rotary blades (4) are connected to the rotary shafts (4a). Each rotating blade (4) is gradually cut into large waste plastics (d) by attaching it so as to be in contact with the inner surface of the fixed blade (3) while being gradually shifted in the rotational direction of (9). However, it can be crushed to a predetermined size. That is, since the cutting edge (4a) of the rotary blade (4) is not in a straight line, the rotary blade (4) does not simultaneously bite into large waste plastics (d), and the rotation of the rotary blade (4) is prevented. Never happen. Further, when the rotary blade (4) and the fixed blade (3) cross each other, the waste plastics (d) can be gradually sandwiched and cut. Furthermore, by providing the blocking plate (11A), it is possible to efficiently prevent the crushed pieces of the waste plastics (d) from rotating while being sandwiched between the two rotary blades (4A). (5) It is also possible to prevent the waste plastics (d) fragments from flowing back to the side.

By changing the cutting method of each pair of blade tips (4a) of the rotating blade (4), a set of waste plastics d made of various materials, sizes and thicknesses can be efficiently crushed. .
Further, by configuring the rotary blade (4) so that the base end portion of the curved portion (4c) intersects the fixed blade (3) before the distal end side of the linear portion (4a), the rotary shaft 9 The waste plastics d wound on the side can be received by the curved portion 4c and pressed against the fixed blade 3 for efficient crushing (cutting). It is possible to reduce clogging and the load on the rotating shaft 9.

  By configuring the waste plastics (d) to be cut and crushed at the tip side of the rotary blade (4), the processing efficiency can be increased and the load on the rotary shaft (9) can be reduced.

It is a front view of the rough crushing apparatus of the waste plastics of Example 1. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing an apparatus for roughly crushing waste plastics of Example 1. FIG. It is a top view which shows the rotary blade and fixed blade in an apparatus main body. It is a top view which shows a rotating shaft and a rotary blade. It is a side view which shows a rotary blade and a fixed blade. It is an enlarged view which shows an example of a rotary blade, (a) is a side view, (b) is a front view. It is an enlarged view which shows the other example of a rotary blade, (a) is a side view, (b) is a front view. It is a schematic side view for demonstrating the relationship between the blade edge | tip part of a rotary blade, and a fixed blade. The operating state of the rotary blade is shown, (a) is a state in which the waste plastic is received, (b) is a state in which the waste plastic is moved to the fixed blade, (c) is a state in which the waste plastic is pressed against the fixed blade, It is in a state where it is sandwiched and cut. It is a schematic side view for demonstrating the modification of a fixed blade. An example of the screen of this invention is shown, (a) is a bottom view, (b) is a side view, (c) is a front view. It is a bottom view which shows the modification of the screen of this invention. The state which connected the grinding | pulverization apparatus to the rough crushing apparatus of this invention is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. It is a front view which shows a series of equipment unitized which grind | pulverizes waste plastics using the rough crushing apparatus of this invention, and recycles. The conventional grid | lattice-like screen is shown, (a) is a bottom view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a side view.

  In the main body of the present invention, a plurality of rotary blades, each of which is attached in a state where each blade edge portion is gradually shifted in the rotation direction of the rotary shaft around the rotary shaft to be rotationally driven, are individually intersected. Waste plastics that have a fixed blade that cuts waste plastics and a screen that sorts the cut pieces of waste plastic into a predetermined size, and each rotary blade that rotates can gradually cut waste plastics This is a rough crushing apparatus.

[Configuration of rough crusher]
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is a front view of a rough crushing apparatus for waste plastics of Example 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view showing the waste plastics rough crushing apparatus of Example 1. FIG.
The waste plastic rough crushing apparatus 1 of the first embodiment includes an apparatus main body 2, a fixed blade 3 attached to the apparatus main body 2, and a rotary blade 4 for cutting and crushing the waste plastic d by rotation. The fixed blade 3 and the rotary blade 4 are provided with an input port 5 through which large waste plastics d are inserted. The inlet 5 of the coarse crushing apparatus 1 has a large shape so that large waste plastics such as bumpers, doors, and pallets can be input. As described above, the expression “large” here is an expression used in comparison with the size of plastic bottles and waste plastics such as plastic trays.

  In order to prevent the shredded pieces from popping out at the time of crushing, it is desirable to attach a lid for preventing scattering. For example, a strip-shaped synthetic resin sheet is attached so as to hang over the entire opening of the insertion port 5 (not shown). In addition, as shown in FIG. 14, when the apparatus is unitized and the belt conveyor 22 which conveys the waste plastics d to the insertion port 5 is connected, it is not necessary.

  The apparatus main body 2 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape by connecting both ends of a pair of rectangular side plates to a front plate and a back plate. As shown in FIG. 2, an input port 5 is provided in the upper part of the apparatus main body 2, and a discharge port 6 for dropping crushed waste plastics d downward is provided in the lower part. The apparatus main body 2 is held by several legs 7. This is to connect the crushing device 21 as shown in FIGS. 13 (a) and 13 (b). The length of the leg 7 is the sum of the height of the crushing device 21 and the depth of the discharge port 6. However, it is not necessary to attach the leg part 7 according to the arrangement | positioning condition of the rough crushing apparatus 1. FIG.

  At a position below the rotary blade 4 in the apparatus main body 2, a screen 12 having a through hole 13 through which only the crushed crushed material of a predetermined size passes is attached, as will be described later. The screen 12 has a substantially bowl shape so as not to interfere with the rotating rotary blade 4, and a through hole 13 is formed by the frame member 14. A confirmation window 8 for checking the internal state is opened at the discharge port 6. Although two places are opened in the illustrated example, it is needless to say that the number is not limited to this.

  The apparatus main body 2 is provided with a driving machine 10 such as a motor for rotating a rotary shaft 9 to which a plurality of rotary blades 4 are attached. A speed reduction mechanism is connected to the drive shaft of the drive machine 10 to rotate the rotary shaft 9. In the driving machine 10, a metal material or a large lump of waste plastics d may be mixed, and rotation of the rotary blade 4 may be prevented. The drive machine 10 can be provided with a control device that automatically performs forward / reverse operation by sensing load current when such foreign matter is mixed.

[Injection device for cleaning water]
Although not shown, it is also possible to provide a shower nozzle at the upper position of the charging port 5 and to eject water for washing the crushed waste plastics d from this shower nozzle. The spray state can be sprayed in the form of a mist. The water sprayed from the shower nozzle adheres to the waste plastics d by washing both sides of the crushed waste plastics d which are bitten by the fixed blade 3 and the rotary blade 4 and cut. Wash mud and dirt at the same time. In addition, the generation of heat and sparks due to crushing impact can be suppressed by washing water injection.

  The shower nozzle does not necessarily have to be attached to the upper position of the charging port 5 and can be arranged near the position of the fixed blade 3 and the rotary blade 4 of the apparatus main body 2 to be actually crushed or near the screen 12 described later. It is. Therefore, the rotary blade 4 and the rotary shaft 9 portion of the present invention can have a watertight structure. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the watertight plate 15 prevents water from leaking to the bearings of the rotating shaft 9 and the apparatus main body 2.

  By providing the cleaning water injection device in the apparatus main body 1 in this way, the waste plastics d introduced from the insertion port 5 can be engaged with the fixed blade 3 and the rotary blade 4 to be cut and crushed. The crushed material can be washed simultaneously with the crushing with the washing water from the shower nozzle.

[Configuration of rotating blade and fixed blade]
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a rotary blade and a fixed blade in the apparatus main body.
The apparatus main body 2 is cut and crushed so as to sandwich the waste plastics d with a plurality of sets of rotary blades 4 and fixed blades 3. In particular, the rotary blade 4 of the present invention has a plurality of blade tips 4 a attached around the rotary shaft 9 in a state where the respective blade edge portions 4 a are gradually shifted in the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 9. The fixed blade 3 is attached to the apparatus main body 2 so as to protrude toward the rotary shaft 9 and to be arranged in parallel. Further, in each set, the rotary blades 4 are arranged so as to be in contact with the fixed blades 3 that intersect when rotated, and are cut so as to cross the respective rotary blades 4 and sandwich the waste plastics d. To do.

  In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the crushed material backflow prevention plate 11 is attached between the rotary blades 4 on the opposite side of the fixed blade 3 in the apparatus main body 2. The crushed material backflow prevention plate 11 is a member that prevents the crushed crushed material from being returned to the inlet 5 side together with the rotary blade 4. The crushed material backflow prevention plate 11 makes it easier to cut and crush the crushed material between the rotary blade 4 and the screen 12.

  Further, a crushed material backflow prevention plate (blocking plate) 11 </ b> A is also attached to the fixed blade 3 side of the apparatus main body 2. The plurality of rotary blades 4 of the present invention are attached to the periphery of the rotary shaft 9 in a state where the respective blade edge portions 4a are gradually shifted in the rotation direction. Specifically, the two rotary blades 4 (4A) attached to the central portion of the rotary shaft 9 are arranged so that both the blade tips 4a are in the same direction with respect to the rotary shaft 9 (the axial direction of the rotary shaft 9). The other rotary blades 4 are attached toward the opposite ends of the rotary shaft 9 with the two rotary blades 4 (4A) as symmetrical centers. The blade edge portion 4a is attached so as to gradually shift in the rotation direction. In each set, the rotary blade 4 is disposed inside the fixed blade 3, and is attached so that the outer surface of the rotary blade 4 contacts the inner surface of the fixed blade 3 when intersecting. Therefore, the rotary blade 4 and the fixed blade 3 are symmetrically arranged around the central portion of the rotary shaft 9, and the rotary blades 4 (4A) are adjacent to each other only in this central portion, and the crushed material flows backward. Cheap. In order to prevent this, a crushed material backflow prevention plate (blocking plate) 11A is provided between the two rotary blades 4 (4A). In addition, this crushed material backflow prevention plate (blocking plate) 11A is such that the crushed material sandwiched between two rotary blades 4 (4A) on the inlet 5 side rotates together with the rotary blade 4 (4A) to the screen 12 side. It is also responsible for preventing and removing the movement. Furthermore, by providing a space between the rotary blades 4 (4A) and the crushed material backflow prevention plate (blocking plate) 11A, it is possible to cause the rotary blade 4 (4A) to bite into the waste plastics d introduced. In addition, since the crushed pieces of the waste plastics d having a desired size can be moved (dropped) to the screen side, the cutting and crushing process can be performed efficiently. In addition, when the rotary blades 4 are not adjacent to each other, the crushed material backflow prevention plate (blocking plate) 11A is not necessarily attached. Further, the crushed material backflow prevention plate (blocking plate) 11 </ b> A may be configured in the same manner as the fixed blade 3.

[Rotating blade mounting configuration]
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a rotating shaft and a rotating blade. FIG. 5 is a side view showing the rotary blade and the fixed blade.
The rotary blade 4 is attached to the periphery of the rotary shaft 9 in a state where each blade edge portion 4a is shifted in the rotation direction, with each blade edge portion 4a having a central portion in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 9 as a symmetrical center. . As shown in the plan view of FIG. 4, each blade edge portion 4 a is attached so as to have a “mountain shape” (a shape indicated by a dotted line) at the center portion of the rotation shaft 9. As described above, since the plurality of rotary blades 4 are attached around the rotary shaft 9 in a state of being shifted in the rotational direction, each rotating rotary blade 4 gradually cuts large waste plastics d to a predetermined size. It can be crushed. When the cutting edge portion of the rotary blade is in a straight line as in the prior art, the rotary blade may bite large waste plastics d at the same time and the rotation of the rotary blade may be prevented. However, in the present invention, the large waste plastics d can be easily crushed by gradually cutting the large waste plastics d even if the torque of the rotary blade 4 is low.

  In the present invention, the rotary blades 4 are arranged in a “mountain shape”, and the waste plastics d that have been put in are bitten from the rotary blades 4 at both ends of the rotary shaft 9 and collected at the center side. Cutting and crushing processing is performed so as to be enclosed by the rotary blade 4, but since two (plural) rotary blades 4 (4A) are provided at the center of symmetry, a sufficient space for enclosing the waste plastics d is provided in the central portion. Can be secured. Furthermore, by providing the two rotary blades 4 (4A) so that the two blade tips 4a are in the same direction, it is possible to prevent the waste plastics d from being bounced away. As shown in FIG. 4, the rotary blade 4 is attached to the rotary shaft 9 so that the arrangement interval between the adjacent rotary blades 4 is gradually narrowed toward both end sides. The rotary blade 4 can be efficiently cut and crushed, and the load on the rotary shaft 9 can be dispersed as described above.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view showing an example of a rotary blade, (a) is a side view, and (b) is a front view. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing another example of the rotary blade, where (a) is a side view and (b) is a front view.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the rotary blade 4 has a set of two blade tip portions 4 a that are detachably attached to the main body portion 4 x, and is attached to the rotary shaft 9 so as to face in opposite directions. It is attached. Since the rotary blades 4 are attached to the rotary shaft 9 so as to be rotationally symmetric in pairs, the waste plastics d are cut with each fixed blade 3 by rotating the rotary shaft 9 180 degrees. Can do. Even if the plastic waste d is bounced by the cutting edge portion 4a of the rotary blade 4 at the beginning of cutting, it can be cut by the cutting edge portion 4a of the rotating blade 4 on the opposite side as long as the rotary shaft 9 rotates 180 degrees. The plastics d can be efficiently cut and crushed.

Specifically, in the rotary blade 4 shown in FIG. 6, a set of two blade tips 4 a are attached to the same side surface of the main body portion 4 x, and the pair of fixed blade 3 and rotary blade 4 intersect each other. In doing so, the waste plastics d can be cut and crushed by the cutting edge portions 4a of the rotary blades 4 arranged so as to be in contact with the fixed blades 3 so as to sandwich the waste plastics d.
In addition, the rotary blade 4 shown in FIG. 7 has a set of two blade tips 4a attached to different side surfaces of the main body 4x, and when the set of fixed blade 3 and rotary blade 4 intersect each other. Is cut and crushed so that the waste plastics d are sandwiched between the cutting edge portion 4a of the rotary blade 4 and the fixed blade 3, and arranged so as to leave an interval corresponding to the substantial width (thickness) of the rotary blade 4. The other cutting edge portion 4a of the rotary blade 4 and the fixed blade 3 can be cut (broken) and crushed so as to bite the waste plastics d. By setting it as such a structure, the waste plastics d which consist of various raw materials, a magnitude | size, and thickness can be efficiently crushed. The thickness of the main body 4x of the rotary blade 4 in FIG. 7 is not limited to that shown in the figure. For example, the thickness of the main body 4x is made thicker than that shown in the figure so that the other blade tip 4a You may comprise so that it may pass through substantially the middle of the fixed blade 3 of the inner side adjacent to the fixed blade 3 currently assembled | attached, and it can be made to crush more efficiently.

  In the present invention, the blade edge portion 4a of the rotary blade 4 has a substantially J-shape composed of a straight portion 4b and a curved portion 4c (see FIGS. 6 and 7, etc.), and has a substantially diameter so that the straight portion 4b protrudes outward. The curved portion 4c is provided so as to be on the rotating shaft 9 side (base end side) so as to extend in the direction. The cutting edge portion 4a is configured to be replaceable, and when the cutting edge portion 4a is worn due to long-term use, the cutting efficiency can be prevented from being lowered by replacing with a new cutting edge portion 4a. In the example of illustration, although the rotary blade 4 has shown the example which can replace | exchange the linear part 4b and the curved part 4c separately, the structure of both may be sufficient.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the straight portion 4b of the blade edge portion 4a of the rotary blade 4 is inclined with respect to the fixed blade 3 so as to gradually come into contact with the base end side from the tip end side when rotating. Are arranged so as to intersect with each other. Further, the base end portion k of the curved portion 4c of the blade edge portion 4a is disposed so as to protrude in the rotational direction from a straight line connecting the tip of the linear portion 4b and the axis of the rotary shaft 9. In the present invention, as will be described later, the waste plastics d introduced with the cutting edge 4a of the rotary blade 4 having a J-shape is wound around the rotating shaft 9 side, and the moved waste plastics d are crushed by the curved portion 4c ( Disconnect). By providing the rotary blade 4 with the curved portion 4c, not only the contact portion between the rotary blade 4 and the waste plastics d is increased, but the base end of the curved portion 4c is fixed to the fixed blade 3 before the straight portion 4b. Therefore, it is possible to receive the waste plastics d wound on the rotating shaft 9 side by the curved portion 4c and press the plastics against the fixed blade 3, thereby efficiently crushing (cutting). Further, it is possible to reduce clogging and the load on the rotating shaft 9.

[Description of operating state of rotary blade]
FIG. 9 shows the operating state of the rotary blade, (a) receiving the waste plastic, (b) moving the waste plastic to the fixed blade, and (c) pressing the waste plastic against the fixed blade. In this state, it is sandwiched between a fixed blade and cut. A hatched portion indicates a portion to be cut into which waste plastics are bitten.
First, as shown in FIG. 9 (a), when the rotating plastic blade d is put into the rotating rotary blade 4 from the inlet 5, the rotary blade 4 receives the plastic and drip it. In particular, the rotary blade 4 is attached to the periphery of the rotary shaft 9 with each blade edge portion 4a being displaced in the rotational direction, with each blade edge portion 4a having a central portion in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 9 as a symmetrical center. Therefore, each rotating blade 4 that rotates rotates gradually bites even large waste plastics d. The rotary blade 4 is engaged at the same time as in the prior art, and the rotation of the rotary blade 4 is not prevented.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9B, the rotary blade 4 moves the waste plastics d to the fixed blade 3 and presses it against the fixed blade 3.
Finally, as shown in FIG. 9C, the waste plastics d move to the rotating shaft 9 side by the rotation of the rotary blade 4. The waste plastics d moved to the rotating shaft 9 side are cut by the fixed blade 3 and the rotating blade 4 and crushed. At this time, since the plurality of rotary blades 4 are mounted around the rotary shaft 9 in a state of being shifted in the rotational direction, the rotating rotary blades 4 are not prevented from rotating even by large waste plastics d. Can be cut gradually and crushed to a predetermined size. In addition, since the cutting edge portion 4a of the rotary blade 4 is provided as described above and the introduced plastic waste d is wound around the rotary shaft 9 so as to cover the plurality of rotary blades 4 attached in a shifted state, The escape of the plastics d can be prevented. The curved portion 4c of the rotary blade 4 may be used as a blade having a notch (for example, a saw blade) to prevent the waste plastics d from escaping.
By repeating such operations, the waste plastics d are efficiently crushed (cut).

[Modified examples of fixed blades]
FIG. 10 is a schematic side view for explaining a modified example of the fixed blade.
As shown in FIG. 10A, the fixed blade 3 of Modification 1 has a curved portion 3 c that is gradually curved upward on the distal end side (rotating shaft 9 side). While increasing the contact part of the waste plastics d, the crossing with the curved part 4c of the rotary blade 4 mentioned above is accelerated, and the waste plastics d wound on the rotating shaft 9 side are more efficiently crushed (cut), The load on the rotating shaft 9 can be reduced.
As shown in FIG. 10B, the fixed blade 3 of Modification 2 is disposed so as to incline downward from the distal end side (rotating shaft 9 side) toward the proximal end side (device main body 2 mounting side). And the protrusion part t which protruded upwards is formed in the upper surface of a base end side rather than an intermediate part. With respect to the rotary blade 4 to be wound on the rotary shaft 9 side, the waste plastics d are configured to stay on the distal end side of the rotary blade 4 by the inclination of the fixed blade 3 and the protruding portion t, thereby more efficiently crushing (cutting). In addition to processing, clogging and the load on the rotary shaft 9 can be reduced.

[Screen structure]
FIG. 11 shows an example of the screen of the present invention, where (a) is a bottom view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a front view.
In the conventional lattice-shaped screen 51 as shown in FIG. 15, once the crushed pieces come to the position of the frame member 53 constituting the through-hole 52, even if the rotary blade is rotating, FIGS. ), The through-holes 52 of the grid screen 51 could not be passed. That is, in the conventional grid screen 51, since the frame members 53 of the grid screen 51 are assembled in a grid pattern, the pieces of waste plastics d are simply rotated in the same direction by the rotation of the rotary blade. The screen 51 could not be passed, and the efficiency of the crushing process was reduced.
The inventors of the present invention have focused on the fact that large waste plastics can be roughly crushed even with a weak torque by devising how to arrange the rotary blades. Furthermore, attention was paid to the efficiency of the crushing process by devising the shape of the screen.

  The screen 12 of the present invention is a screen configured such that the frame members 14 assembled in the rotating direction of the rotary blade 4 are arranged in a state of being individually shifted. The screen 12 sorts the waste plastics d into pulverized products having a predetermined shape and size by the rotating rotary blade 4. At this time, the size of the fragment is adjusted by the size of the eyes (through holes 13) of the screen 12.

  In particular, in the screen 12 of the present invention, a cut piece that does not pass through the first through-hole 13 in the rotation direction of the rotary blade 4 hits the adjacent frame member 14, is changed in direction, and is passed through the through-hole 13. be able to. Those that cannot pass through the through-hole 13 are cut again by the rotary blade 4 and gradually cut into smaller pieces.

[Screen modifications]
FIG. 12 is a bottom view showing a modification of the screen of the present invention.
The shape of the screen 12 is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 11, but may be a so-called honeycomb structure through-hole as shown in FIG. When the through-hole 13 has a honeycomb structure in this way, the cut piece that does not pass through the first through-hole 13 in the rotation direction of the rotary blade 4 is changed in direction and can be passed through the through-hole 13. .
The shapes of the screens 12 are not limited to the shapes shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 as long as the through holes 13 are arranged in a shifted state along the rotation direction of the rotary blade 4. Of course.

[Combination with pulverizer]
FIG. 13 shows a state in which a crushing device is connected to the rough crushing device of the present invention, where (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view.
The purpose of the rough crushing apparatus 1 of the present invention is to roughly cut large waste plastics d and reduce the load on the apparatus for finely cutting the next process. Therefore, the rough crushing device 1 for waste plastics d is used by being connected to a crushing device 21 as necessary, as shown in the figure.

[Unitized equipment configuration]
FIG. 14 is a front view showing a series of unitized equipment for pulverizing and recycling waste plastics using the rough crushing apparatus of the present invention.
When pulverizing waste plastics d using the rough crushing apparatus 1 of the present invention, plastic raw materials are produced from waste using a series of facilities as shown in FIG. Can be reduced. The rough crushing apparatus 1 uses a belt conveyor 22 to convey the waste plastics d to the inlet 5 of the rough crushing apparatus 1. In the rough crushing apparatus 1, the waste plastics d are pulverized into a crushed material having a predetermined shape and size by a rotating rotary blade 4. At this time, the size of the crushed material is adjusted by the size of the eyes (through holes 13) of the screen 12. Next, it arrange | positions directly under the coarse crushing apparatus 1, and grind | pulverizes into a crushing piece with the crushing apparatus 21. FIG. Also at this time, the size of the fragment is adjusted by the size of the screen 12.

  Next, the pulverized product is conveyed to the cyclone 24 by the blower 23. Thereafter, the small crushed material is filled in the packing bag 25 and the like by the cyclone 24 so as to be transported, and a series of crushing and pulverizing processes is completed. This pulverized product can be further finely pulverized using another pulverizing apparatus (not shown) according to the contents, thereby producing plastic raw materials having various desired dimensions.

Furthermore, in the case of a wet process, it dries with a drying blower etc., and after that, a small piece-like ground material is conveyed to a cyclone. The water is removed with a specific gravity separator or a centrifuge.
Then, if necessary, it may be separated into plastics and metals.

  In the present invention, if the large-sized waste plastics d can be efficiently crushed even if the torque of the rotary blade 4 is low by devising the arrangement of the rotary blade 4 and the like, the embodiment of the invention described above is used. Of course, various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

<Invention Group Extracted from the Embodiments>
Hereinafter, the features of the invention group extracted from the above-described embodiment will be described while showing effects and the like as necessary. In addition, although it has shown clearly so that a response | compatibility with the component shown in the Example can be understood, it is not limited to the specified structure and can be variously changed without departing from the gist of the invention.

[Rough plastic crusher A]
The waste plastics rough crushing device A is a waste plastics that can reduce the load of the crushing device to cut finely in the next process by roughly cutting the discarded plastics when recycling them. The present invention relates to a rough crushing apparatus.

  Waste plastics, such as automobile parts such as pallets for transportation, return boxes (plastic cases), bumpers or instrument panels (instrument panels) with "speedometer", "tachometer", "warning lamp" etc. For recycling, a crushing device or a cutting device is used. These waste plastics have a large plate thickness and may not be easily cut or crushed by the crushing device or the rotary blade of the cutting device.

Similarly, for so-called large waste plastics such as plastic tanks, blow containers, beer cases, press-molded products, etc., before crushing or crushing with a crushing device or cutting device, the crushing device or It was thrown into the cutting device. Such large waste plastics may not be able to be input from the input port of the crushing device or the cutting device. Furthermore, a large wall plate and door such as a simple toilet device must be cut to a predetermined size before being put into a crushing device or a cutting device.
In this specification, “large” and “large” are used in comparison with the size of plastic bottles, seafood sold at supermarkets, and plastics such as plastic trays with raw meat. Yes.

Therefore, a technique for crushing or crushing large waste plastics has been proposed. For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-305307 disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-305307, a casing, a shaft that is pivotally supported in the casing, driven around the axis, and a number of first rotary blades open gaps and are axial. A crushing roller arranged in parallel in a direction, and a comb member fixed to the casing and having a plurality of fixed blades arranged between the first rotary blades, and the object to be crushed is fixed to the first rotary blades In the crushing device that is crushed between the blades, a wire mesh that is close to the rotation trajectory of the crushing roller and that has an entire cross-section formed in an arcuate shape is disposed in the casing. There has been proposed a crushing device in which an outer peripheral surface has a pressing arc-shaped surface that is substantially aligned with the arc shape, and a friction resistance portion for holding an object to be crushed is formed on the pressing arc-shaped surface.
JP 2005-305307 A

  However, the “crushing device” of Patent Document 2 is a technique for crushing or crushing large waste plastics, but is intended for soft materials such as polystyrene foam. It is not suitable for large and hard items such as bumpers or instrument panels, work pallets, and beer cases.

  In a crushing device or a crushing device in which the cutting edges of a rotary blade are aligned in a conventional manner, the rotation may stop when large waste plastics are caught between the rotary blades. At this time, the rotating blade could not be rotated unless a stronger torque was applied. Of course, if a large motor is used, it can be rotated. However, there is a problem that the power consumption is large and the processing cost increases. In addition, there is a problem that the apparatus becomes larger and heavier by installing a large motor.

  Further, in the conventional lattice screen 51 as shown in FIG. 15, once the crushed pieces come to the position of the frame member 53 constituting the through hole 52, even if the rotary blade is rotated, FIG. As shown in (c), the through-holes 52 of the lattice screen 51 could not be passed. That is, in the conventional grid screen 51, since the frame members 53 of the grid screen 51 are assembled in a grid pattern, the pieces of waste plastics d are simply rotated in the same direction by the rotation of the rotary blade. The screen 51 could not be passed, and the efficiency of the crushing process was reduced.

  The inventors of the present invention have focused on the fact that large waste plastics can be roughly crushed even with a weak torque by devising how to arrange the rotary blades. Furthermore, attention was paid to the efficiency of the crushing process by devising the shape of the screen.

  The invention of the rough crushing apparatus A for waste plastics was invented in order to solve such problems. That is, the purpose of the present invention is to devise the arrangement of the rotary blade and the shape of the screen, to crush large waste plastics even with a low torque of the rotary blade, align the size of the crushed plastic pieces, An object of the present invention is to provide a rough crushing apparatus for waste plastics that can efficiently carry out the crushing operation in the next step.

Waste plastic rough crusher A1
A rough crushing device (1) for waste plastics (d) for cutting waste plastics (d),
An apparatus main body (2) provided with an inlet (5) into which waste plastics (d) is introduced and an outlet (6) through which waste plastics (d) after crushing are discharged;
In the apparatus main body (2), a plurality of blade tips (4a) are attached around the rotating shaft (9) to be rotationally driven in a state of being gradually shifted in the rotating direction of the rotating shaft (9). A rotary blade (4);
A plurality of fixed blades (3) attached to the apparatus main body (2), each of which intersects each rotary blade (4) and cuts waste plastics (d);
A screen (12), which is attached below the rotary blade (4) and the fixed blade (3) and sorts the cut waste plastic pieces into a predetermined size,
Since the plurality of rotary blades (4) are attached to the rotary shaft (9) in a state of being gradually shifted in the rotation direction, each rotating blade (4) gradually cuts the waste plastics (d). It is comprised as follows.

Waste plastic rough crusher A2
In the rough crushing apparatus A1 for waste plastics, the rotary blades (4) are attached so that each pair of blades (4a) faces in opposite directions around the axis of the rotary shaft (9). It is characterized by that.

Waste plastics rough crushing device A3,
In the waste plastic rough crushing apparatus A1 or the waste plastic rough crushing apparatus A2, the rotary blades (4) are such that each blade edge part (4a) is symmetrical with respect to the axial center part of the rotary shaft (9). Thus, each blade edge portion (4a) is attached around the rotation shaft (9) in a state of being gradually shifted in the rotation direction.

Waste plastic rough crusher A4
In any one of the waste plastics rough crushing devices A1 to A3, the screen (12) is configured such that the through holes (13) are alternately arranged along the rotation direction of the rotary blade (4). It is characterized by that.

Waste plastic rough crusher A5
In any one of the rough crushing apparatuses A1 to A3 for waste plastics, the screen (12) is characterized in that the through holes (13) have a honeycomb structure.

  In the configuration of the waste plastics coarse crushing apparatus A, the plurality of rotary blades (4) are attached around the rotary shaft (9) with the respective blade tips (4a) being gradually shifted in the rotational direction. Each rotating blade (4) that rotates can gradually cut waste plastics (d). Large waste plastics (d) can be crushed to a predetermined size while being gradually cut. That is, since the cutting edge (4a) of the rotary blade (4) is not in a straight line, the rotary blade (4) does not simultaneously bite into large waste plastics (d), and the rotation of the rotary blade (4) is prevented. Never happen.

  Since the cutting edge portion (4a) of the rotary blade (4) is attached in one set around the rotary shaft (9), when the rotary shaft (9) rotates 180 degrees, each fixed blade (3) Waste plastics (d) can be cut. Even if a large waste plastic (d) is bounced by the cutting edge (4a) of the rotary blade (4) at the beginning of cutting, if the rotating shaft (9) rotates 180 degrees, it is cut by the opposite cutting edge (4a). The waste plastics (d) can be efficiently cut and crushed.

  Since the screen (12) is configured so that the through holes (13) are alternately shifted along the rotation direction of the rotary blade (4), the screen (12) is cut along the rotation direction of the rotary blade (4). Even when the piece does not pass through the first through hole (13), the piece hits the frame member (14) and is changed in direction and can pass through the adjacent through hole (13). The cut piece that cannot pass through the through hole (13) is cut again by the rotary blade (4), and is gradually cut into smaller pieces.

  The apparatus for roughly crushing waste plastics of the present invention mainly comprises large pallets for transportation, return boxes (plastic cases), bumpers or instrument panels (instrument panels) and plastic tanks, blow containers, beer cases, press molded products, etc. It can be used when recycling waste plastics.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Coarse crusher 2 Apparatus main body 3 Fixed blade 4 Rotating blade 4a Cutting edge part 5 Input port 6 Discharge port 9 Rotating shaft 12 Screen 13 Through-hole d Waste plastics

Claims (4)

A waste crushing device (1) for cutting waste plastics (d),
An apparatus main body (2) provided with an inlet (5) into which waste plastics (d) is introduced and an outlet (6) through which waste plastics (d) after crushing are discharged;
In the apparatus main body (2), two rotary blades (4A) provided in the same direction at the central portion in the axial direction of the rotary shaft (9) are symmetrical around the rotary shaft (9) to be driven to rotate. A plurality of rotary blades (4) attached in a state where each blade edge portion (4a) is gradually shifted in the rotation direction of the rotary shaft (9),
When the rotary blades (4) rotate, they are arranged so as to come into contact with the inner surface individually, and cut the waste plastics (d) across the rotary blades (4). A plurality of fixed blades (3) arranged side by side so as to protrude to the rotating shaft (9) side,
A plurality of crushed objects attached so as to be located on the opposite side of the plurality of fixed blades (3) with respect to the rotating shaft (9) and between the plurality of rotating blades (4) A backflow prevention plate (11),
A blocking plate (11A) attached to the fixed blade (3) side of the device main body (2) between the two rotary blades (4A),
The plurality of crushed material backflow prevention plates (11) prevent the cut waste plastics (d) from returning to the charging port (5) together with the rotary blade (4),
The said blocking plate (11A) prevents the waste plastics (d) cut | disconnected from moving with the said 2 rotary blade (4A), The rough crushing apparatus of waste plastics characterized by the above-mentioned. Each rotary blade (4) is attached to the inner side surface and the outer side surface so that each blade edge portion (4a) faces in the opposite direction around the axis of the rotary shaft (9) in a set of two sheets,
When intersecting the fixed blade (3), one blade edge (4a) is cut so as to sandwich the waste plastics (d), and the other blade edge (4a) is cut into the waste plastics (d). 2. The apparatus for roughly crushing waste plastics according to claim 1, wherein cutting is performed so as to bite.   The blade edge portion (4a) of the rotary blade (4) has a substantially J shape having a straight portion (4b) and a curved portion (4c), and waste plastics (d) are placed on the rotary shaft (9) side. It is arrange | positioned so that it may wind, and it is comprised so that the base end part of this curved part (4c) may cross | intersect the said fixed blade (3) ahead of the front end side of this linear part (4a). The rough crushing apparatus for waste plastics according to claim 1 or 2.   The upper surface of the fixed blade (3) is attached so that the device main body (2) side is lower than the rotating shaft (9) side. The rough crushing apparatus for waste plastics according to any one of the above.