JPH08325576A - Carbonization - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a high grade carbon material with efficiently performing carbonizing treatment from a charcoal material to a carbon material. CONSTITUTION: In a low temperature carbonizing process, a charcoal material is heated to a heat-decomposing temperature range in a low temperature carbonizing furnace 1 and a heat-decomposition product such as a tar-like material or a decomposed gas is separated and recovered by a heat-decomposition product treating means 3', and charcoal in a state removed of the heat-decomposition product is generated by a continuous treating method. The charcoal is divided and supplied into plural high-temperature carbonizing furnaces constituted as electric furnaces by a transferring means 5 in turn and a carbonizing process in a high-temperature range is performed by heating and baking charcoal at 1000-3000 deg.C in a batch-treatment method in each high-temperature carbonizing furnace 4, then a carbon material is continuously obtained by carbonizing and graphitizing charcoal. A turbine 72 is rotated by steam obtained by combusting combustible gas in the decomposed gas in a boiler 71, an electrical energy is generated by a generator 73 and the generated output is used as a power source for electric heating of each high-temperature carbonizing furnace.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention uses charcoal as an intermediate carbide, for example, by using waste wood, thinned wood, end wood, felled bamboo, food processing residue, or paper / phenol resin composite material as a carbon material and an intermediate carbonized material. After that, the present invention relates to a carbonization method for obtaining a high-quality carbon material as the final carbide from this charcoal.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, two carbonization furnaces have been used to obtain charcoal from a carbon material such as waste wood. One carbonization furnace performs a first-stage carbonization process, and the other carbonization furnace subsequently performs a second carbonization process. It is known to perform a stepwise carbonization process (see, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-33064). This aims to effectively use the combustible components in the carbonized gas produced in the first stage carbonization process as fuel for combustion and heating in the second stage carbonization process. The processing is performed in two stages.

[0003]

By the way, in order to effectively utilize the above-mentioned waste wood, etc., in addition to effectively utilizing it as charcoal by carbonizing the waste wood, etc., the charcoal is further burned at a higher temperature. It is possible to use it effectively as a carbon material. In this case, it is necessary to heat the charcoal at a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher, and if the combustion system generally adopted is used as the heating system in the carbonization furnace, the heating will be insufficient.

[0004] Further, if the carbonization from the carbon material to the carbon material as the final carbide is carried out in one carbonization furnace,
The following inconveniences will occur. That is, when the carbonaceous material is usually heated, first, it is thermally decomposed into charcoal in a temperature range up to 1000 ° C, mainly in a temperature range of 400 to 600 ° C, and a temperature range of more than 1000 ° C to about 3000 ° C. At this point, carbonization and graphitization will occur. Therefore, if the carbon material as the final carbide is heated in one carbonization furnace, the thermal decomposition products such as tar-like substances and decomposition gas generated in the thermal decomposition stage may remain in the carbonization furnace. ,
It is conceivable that a situation in which heating is performed in the next carbonization stage may occur during the progress of thermal decomposition. When such a situation occurs, the thermal decomposition products remaining in the carbonization furnace contaminate the inner wall of the furnace, the heating part, etc., which requires time and effort for maintenance such as cleaning and removal, or interrupts the carbonization process. Will be done. In addition, if the pyrolysis products remain in the carbonization furnace or undecomposed products are pyrolyzed in the carbonization stage to generate pyrolysis products, the quality of the resulting carbon material will deteriorate. Will be invited.

Further, in order to make practical use of a large amount of waste wood and the like, in order to put the carbon material into practical use, conversion of the carbon material by a continuous processing method is not a conversion by a batch processing method little by little. Must be realized. On the other hand, if the continuous treatment method is used, it is difficult to keep the carbonization furnace in a completely closed state due to its structure, so the heating efficiency when heating to a high temperature range in the carbonization stage deteriorates, and uncertain factors are added to the temperature control. Inconvenience that it becomes difficult to control is considered. In addition, it is necessary to realize a carbonization method that can make the entire apparatus compact from the viewpoint of space saving.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a high-quality carbon material while efficiently performing the carbonization process from the carbon material to the carbon material. It is in.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 performs the low temperature range carbonization step in a first carbonization furnace and the high temperature range carbonization step in the first carbonization furnace. And a second carbonization furnace different from the above. That is, in the low temperature region carbonization step, the carbonaceous material is heated to the thermal decomposition temperature region in the first carbonization furnace to separate and remove the thermal decomposition products, and at the same time, an intermediate carbide in a state where the thermal decomposition products are removed is obtained. . Then, in the high temperature range carbonization step, the intermediate carbide is introduced into the second carbonization furnace, and the intermediate carbide is heated to a temperature range where it is carbonized in the second carbonization furnace to be calcined to obtain the final carbide. It is to be configured.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the high temperature range carbonization step of the first aspect of the present invention, the high temperature range carbonization step is performed in the range of 1000 to 3000
It heats up to the temperature range of ℃.

According to a third aspect of the invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the second carbonization furnace is an electrically heated type.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the invention of the first aspect, the high temperature region carbonization step is performed in a state where the second carbonization furnace is in an inert gas atmosphere.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the low temperature region carbonization step is performed by a continuous treatment system in which carbonaceous material is continuously supplied to one first carbonization furnace to continuously generate intermediate carbides. On the other hand, the intermediate carbides are sequentially and individually supplied to a plurality of second carbonization furnaces provided according to the continuous production amount, and carbonization in a high temperature range is performed by a batch type treatment method for each of the supplied second carbonization furnaces. The configuration is such that the steps are sequentially performed.

The invention according to claim 6 is the same as the invention according to claim 1, in which the decomposition gas in the thermal decomposition product separated and removed in the low temperature region carbonization step is burned separately by burning the carbonaceous material. It is what makes pollution.

Further, the invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to claim 6.
In the invention described above, the second carbonization furnace is configured by an electric heating system, steam is generated by combustion of cracked gas to operate a turbine to generate electric power, and the generated electric power is used as the second electric power.
The configuration is used as a power source for electric heating of the carbonization furnace.

[0014]

According to the above-mentioned structure, according to the first aspect of the present invention,
First, in the low temperature carbonization process, the carbonaceous material is heated to the thermal decomposition temperature range in the first carbonization furnace, so that the tar-like components and the decomposition gas contained in the carbonaceous material are thermally decomposed. Then, the thermal decomposition products such as the tar-like components are separated and removed to obtain charcoal as an intermediate carbide. Next, in the high temperature region carbonization step, the charcoal in a state where the pyrolysis products have been removed is introduced into the second carbonization furnace, and in the second carbonization furnace, the carbonization temperature region higher than the pyrolysis temperature region is reached. Since it is heated and fired, the charcoal is converted into a carbon material as the final carbide. Therefore, in the case of this method, the low temperature range carbonization step of separating and removing the thermal decomposition product and the high temperature range carbonization step of heating at a higher temperature to carbonize are separated from each other. Because it is done in the carbonization furnace of
The carbonization process from carbon material to carbon material is efficiently performed.
In addition, when heated to the carbonization temperature range in the high temperature range carbonization process, the pyrolysis products have already been removed from the charcoal which is the intermediate carbide to be heated, and Since the high temperature carbonization process is performed in the second carbonization furnace different from the first carbonization furnace in which the pyrolysis is performed, the pyrolysis products generated in the low temperature region carbonization process in the second carbonization furnace. Does not remain. Therefore, it is possible to improve the quality of the carbon material obtained in the high temperature region carbonization process, and prevent the contamination by the thermal decomposition products in the second carbonization furnace to ensure the high temperature region heating.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the function of the first aspect of the present invention, in the high temperature range carbonization step,
Since it is heated to a temperature range of 0 to 3000 ° C., the intermediate carbide is surely carbonized and further graphitized to obtain a high-quality carbon material that is densified by firing shrinkage.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the function of the first aspect of the present invention, since the second carbonization furnace is of the electric heating type, it is possible to increase the carbonization of the intermediate carbide. The heating to the temperature range can be performed easily and surely, and the temperature can be accurately controlled.

According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the operation according to the invention described in claim 1, the high temperature region carbonization step is the second step.
Since it is carried out in an inert gas atmosphere in the carbonization furnace, even if it is heated to a high temperature range where it is carbonized, oxidation of the intermediate carbide is reliably prevented, and there is almost no change in mass. Thereby, the production of the final carbide from the intermediate carbide is efficiently performed.

According to the invention of claim 5, in addition to the function of the invention of claim 1, charcoal which is an intermediate carbide is produced by continuous treatment in one first carbonization furnace in the low temperature region carbonization step. The charcoal produced by the continuous treatment is individually and sequentially supplied to the plurality of second carbonization furnaces, and the high temperature region carbonization step is sequentially performed in each of the second carbonization furnaces by the batch type treatment. As a result, the carbonaceous material continuously supplied to the first carbonization furnace is sequentially generated as the carbonaceous material that is the final carbide in the plurality of second carbonization furnaces, so that continuous treatment from the carbonaceous material to the carbonaceous material as a whole becomes possible. . Moreover, since the low temperature region carbonization process is performed continuously in one first carbonization furnace, the size of the first carbonization furnace can be reduced. In addition, since the high temperature region carbonization process is performed by the batch type treatment in each second carbonization furnace, the temperature control thereof is easy and reliable.

According to the invention of claim 6, in addition to the action according to the invention of claim 1, the decomposition gas in the thermal decomposition product separated and removed in the low temperature region carbonization step is
In addition to burning the carbonaceous material separately from the second carbonization furnace, the combustible components in the cracked gas are rendered pollution-free.

Further, in the invention described in claim 7, in addition to the operation according to the invention described in claim 1, the turbine is operated by the steam generated by the combustion of the cracked gas to generate power, and the power is generated. Since the second carbonization furnace configured as an electric furnace is operated by electric power, the thermal decomposition products generated in the low temperature range carbonization process are effectively used as thermal energy in the high temperature process, and the waste energy is effectively used to save resources. Is planned.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<First Embodiment> -Structure of Carbonization Apparatus-FIG. 1 shows a carbonization apparatus for carrying out a carbonization method according to a first embodiment of the present invention, where 1 is a low temperature range carbonization step. A low-temperature carbonization furnace as a first carbonization furnace, 2 is a supply means for continuously supplying carbonaceous material to the low-temperature carbonization furnace 1, and 3 is a pyrolysis product treatment means for treating the pyrolysis products generated in the low-temperature carbonization furnace 1. , 4a, 4b, ... Respectively, a high temperature carbonization furnace as a second carbonization furnace in which a high temperature region carbonization process is performed, and 5 is charcoal charcoal as an intermediate carbide produced in the low temperature carbonization furnace 1 from the low temperature carbonization furnace 1 Of the high temperature carbonization furnaces 4a, 4b, ..., and 6 are discharge means for discharging the calcined carbides as final carbides from the high temperature carbonization furnaces 4a, 4b ,. Hereinafter, each carbonization furnace 1, 4a, etc. and each constituent means 2,
3, 5, 6 will be described in detail.

The low-temperature carbonization furnace 1 has a cylindrical rotary drum 11 having a cylinder axis X arranged substantially laterally and rotatably supported around the cylinder axis X, and an external fitting on the supply side end of the rotary drum 11. The supply side cover 12 that shields the supply side opening
And a discharge side cover 13 which is externally fitted to the discharge side end of the rotary drum 11 and shields the discharge side opening, and a heating part (not shown) constituted by, for example, a combustion burner or the like. The rotary drum 11 is driven, for example, by rotating a rotating roller that is in contact with a guide rail on the outer peripheral surface, or by rotating a gear that is meshed with a large number of guide pins fixed at equal intervals in the outer peripheral direction. By means of this rotational drive, the carbonaceous material inside is heated and agitated to move it to the discharge side end cover 13 at a predetermined speed. That is, the supplied carbonaceous material is heated to a predetermined temperature during this movement and is thermally decomposed, and when it reaches the discharge side end cover 13, charcoal is generated as an intermediate carbide after thermal decomposition. Has become.

The supply means 2 is provided with a rotary bucket 21 into which a carbonaceous material such as waste wood is put, a coarse crusher 22 for crushing the carbonaceous material into a predetermined size, and a preheated coarsely crushed carbonaceous material. A preheating unit 23 that removes water in advance is provided, and a fixed amount supply unit 24 that supplies a fixed amount of the carbon material after the removal of water to the supply side end of the cylindrical body 11.

The rotary bucket 21 is composed of a cylindrical body which is driven to rotate around a cylindrical axis Y which is arranged obliquely downward toward the coarse crusher 22, and the coarse crusher 22 is also provided.
The preheating section 23 and the preheating section 23 are connected to each other through a chute tubular section 25 so that the carbonaceous material crushed by the coarse crusher 22 falls and collects at the bottom of the preheating section 23.

The preheating section 23 has a scooping conveyor 23a that rises obliquely upward from its bottom, an inner cylindrical section 23b that encloses the scooping conveyor 23a in a sealed state, and an outer circumference of the cylindrical section 23b. Annular preheating chamber 23c
And an outer cylindrical portion 23d that forms Then, in the preheating chamber 23c, a processing gas that has been rendered harmless by an afterburner 35, which will be described later, that constitutes the thermal decomposition product processing means 3 is introduced through a processing gas supply pipe 37, and is scratched by the heat of the processing gas. The carbon material on the fried conveyer 23a is preheated, and the top of the inner cylindrical portion 23b has a discharge pipe 2 for discharging the water vaporized by the preheating to the outside air.
3e is provided.

The fixed quantity supply section 24 has its upper end communicated with the top of the inner cylindrical section 23b so that the scooping conveyor 23 is lifted up.
The chute cylindrical portion 24a extending downward so that the carbonaceous material from the top part of "a" spontaneously falls, and the chute cylindrical portion 24 at the base end side.
It is provided with a feed cylinder portion 24b which communicates with the lower end opening of a and the front end side of which penetrates the supply side end cover 12 of the low temperature carbonization furnace 1. In addition, in the chute cylinder portion 24a, two
Two shutters are arranged in upper and lower stages, and each time the carbonaceous material is accumulated between the two shutters, a certain amount of the carbonaceous material is dropped into the feeding cylinder portion 24b, and the feeding cylinder portion 24b is also provided.
A piston member (not shown) is disposed in the inside of the rotary drum 11 so that the fixed amount of carbonaceous material is continuously pushed into the rotary drum 11 each time.

In the thermal decomposition product treatment means 3, the upstream end is communicated with the upper part of the discharge side end cover 13 of the low temperature carbonization furnace 1 to derive the flue gas in the low temperature carbonization furnace 1 to generate the thermal decomposition product. A flue gas outlet pipe 31 for deriving a substance, a cyclone 32 for separating and collecting the pulverized coal contained in the flue gas led out by the flue gas outlet pipe 31, and a flue gas after the pulverized coal is removed by the cyclone 32 And a tar 33 for separating the tar-like components contained in the remaining combustible gas from which the wood vinegar has been separated by the condenser 33, and the condenser 33 for separating the combustible gas and the wood vinegar into gas and liquid. An afterburner 35 for burning the combustible gas from which the tar-like components have been removed.

A blower 36 is provided in the smoke exhaust lead-out pipe 31, and the operation of the blower 36 sucks the smoke from the low temperature carbonization furnace 1 to remove the cyclone 32, the condenser 33 and the tar trap 34. After that, the combustible gas is introduced to the afterburner 35. The afterburner 35 has a burner that uses heavy oil as a fuel, burns the combustible gas to render it non-polluting, and releases the treated gas to the atmosphere, and a treated gas supply pipe 37.
It is configured to be supplied to the preheating chamber 23c of the supply means 3 through the.

The plurality of high-temperature carbonization furnaces 4a, 4b, ... (Hereinafter, collectively referred to simply as 4) are constructed by electric resistance heating type or high frequency heating type electric furnaces as one and the same. is there. Each high temperature carbonization furnace 4
Are connected by an inert gas cylinder 41 and an inert gas introducing pipe 42, respectively, and are opened and closed by an opening / closing valve provided on the downstream end side of the inert gas introducing pipe 42 on the high temperature carbonization furnace 4 side. An inert gas such as N2 gas is introduced from the inert gas cylinder 41 into each high temperature carbonization furnace 4 so that the inside of each high temperature carbonization furnace 4 is filled with the above inert gas. In addition, 43, 43, ... In FIG.
The air bleeder provided in the above, and when the above inert gas is filled, the air bleeder 43 is opened to release the air inside.

The number of high-temperature carbonization furnaces 4 is set according to the amount and rate of charcoal produced in low-temperature carbonization furnace 1 (four are shown in FIG. 1). After the charcoal treated in the furnace 1 is introduced, the charcoal is individually heated in a batch process to a predetermined temperature range for firing.

The transfer means 5 has a dropping cylinder portion 51 that opens at the bottom of the discharge side end cover 13 of the low temperature carbonization furnace 1 and extends downward, and the charcoal collected by the dropping cylinder portion 51 to a predetermined height. And a fine crusher 5 for crushing the charcoal carried by the carrying section 52 into minute pieces, granular or powdery charcoal pieces having a predetermined size or less.
3 and a hopper 54 for collecting and storing finely pulverized charcoal pieces
And a distribution section 55 for selectively supplying charcoal pieces from the hopper 54 to the plurality of high temperature carbonization furnaces 4, 4, ....

The transfer section 52 is a scraping conveyor 52.
a and a tubular portion 5 which communicates with the lower end opening of the drop-in tubular portion 51 and surrounds and seals the periphery of the scraping conveyor 52a.
2b and.

The distribution unit 55 first distributes and supplies the charcoal pieces to the high temperature carbonization furnace 4a, stops the supply when it is full, and then distributes and supplies it to the high temperature carbonization furnace 4b and supplies it when it is full. Then, such distribution and supply are sequentially performed to the high temperature carbonization furnaces 4c and 4d. Then, when the high temperature carbonization furnace 4a that first receives the distributed supply becomes full, a high temperature region carbonization step described later starts, and when the high temperature carbonization furnace 4d that finally receives the distributed supply becomes full, the high temperature carbonization furnace 4a reaches the above high temperature region. The carbonization step is completed and the second distribution and supply is performed, and after the supply to the high temperature carbonization furnace 4d is stopped, the charcoal pieces are distributed and supplied to the high temperature carbonization furnace 4a. That is, the number of high-temperature carbonization furnaces 4 to be installed is determined so as to achieve such rotation.

The discharging means 6 is connected to the product hopper 61 for accumulating the calcined carbides calcined in each high temperature carbonization furnace 4 and the bottom of each high temperature carbonization furnace 4 to convey the calcined carbides to the product hopper 61. And a transport unit 62. The transfer unit 62 and the high temperature carbonization furnaces 4 are communicated with each other through the open / close shutters 63a, 63b ,.
When the carbonization process in the high temperature region is finished, the corresponding open / close shutter 63a is opened to convey the burned carbide produced to the product hopper 61.

-Carbonizing Method- Next, a method for obtaining a carbon material, which is a calcined carbide, from a carbon material by using the apparatus having the above-described structure will be described. This carbonization method is one in which heating is carried out separately in two temperature ranges, and comprises a low temperature range carbonization step and a high temperature range carbonization step described below.

First, as a pretreatment of the low temperature region carbonization step, the water content of the carbon material is adjusted by passing through the preheating section 23 of the supply means 2 and drying, and the carbon material after the water content adjustment is cooled to a low temperature. A fixed amount is continuously supplied into the carbonization furnace 1. Then, the low temperature region carbonization step is performed while the carbonaceous material moves in the rotary drum 11 of the low temperature carbonization furnace 1 in the cylinder axis X direction from the supply side to the discharge side.

In the low temperature region carbonization step, the carbonaceous material is heated to the thermal decomposition temperature region for thermal decomposition, and the thermal decomposition products generated by the thermal decomposition are separated and removed. As shown in FIG. 2, the thermal decomposition temperature range is broadly a low temperature range up to 1000 ° C., and among them, thermal decomposition progresses vigorously in the temperature range of 400 to 600 ° C., Thermal decomposition products such as tar-like substances and decomposition gas (dry distillation gas) are actively generated in the state of being included in the flue gas. Then, the flue gas is sucked by the blower 36 of the thermal decomposition product processing means 3 and led out from the low temperature carbonization furnace 1 through the flue gas lead-out pipe 31, and is thermally decomposed on the discharge side of the rotating drum 11 where the temperature becomes the highest. The product becomes charcoal (intermediate carbide) in a state where the product is completely separated and removed. This charcoal is the discharge side end cover 1
It is continuously dropped from inside 3 into the drop-in cylinder portion 51 of the transfer means 5 and is finely pulverized by the fine pulverizer 53 to become charcoal pieces in a finely pulverized state and accumulated in the hopper 54.

Subsequently, the charcoal pieces in the hopper 54 are supplied to the vacant high-temperature carbonization furnace 4 of the plurality of high-temperature carbonization furnaces 4a, 4b, ... The furnace 4 is closed and the high temperature region carbonization process is started. At this time, the high-temperature carbonization furnace 4 in which the high-temperature range carbonization process is performed is filled with an inert gas from the inert gas cylinder 41, and the charcoal pieces are subjected to the high-temperature range carbonization process under an inert gas atmosphere that is shielded from air. It is performed individually by batch processing.

In the high temperature region carbonization step, the charcoal pieces are heated in an inert atmosphere to a high temperature range of about 1000 ° C. to 3000 ° C. and fired, whereby the charcoal pieces are oxidized, that is, self-heated. It is carbonized without further combustion, and thus with little loss of mass, and is further graphitized into calcined carbides.

The calcined carbide taken out from the product hopper 61 is used as a carbon material in the following various applications. That is, the carbon material is an electromagnetic wave shielding material,
It is used as a conductive material, an antistatic material, a heat and fire resistant material, an oxidation resistant material, a sound insulation material, a sound environment material, or an adsorption material. After the low temperature region carbonization step, a portion of the charcoal pieces in the hopper 54 or the charcoal before fine pulverization is taken out from the top of the transport section 52 to remove the charcoal from the fuel, the underfloor conditioning material, and the soil. It can be used as an improvement material, a water purification material for rivers, and an air purification material.

In the case of such a carbonization method, since the heating is divided into two steps, a low temperature range carbonization step for pyrolysis and a high temperature range carbonization step for firing, the low temperature carbonization in the low temperature carbonization furnace 1 is performed. The charcoal pieces that are reliably pyrolyzed in the carbonization step and fired in the high temperature carbonization step are in a state where the pyrolysis products are completely separated and removed. This prevents quality deterioration due to residual thermal decomposition products, and
It is possible to improve the quality of the carbon material obtained by densifying by calcination shrinkage due to heating in a high temperature range of 000 to 3000 ° C. Moreover, the low temperature carbonization step in which the above pyrolysis products are generated is performed in the low temperature carbonization furnace 1, and the high temperature carbonization step is performed in the high temperature carbonization furnace 4 which is separate from the low temperature carbonization step. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the inside of the high-temperature carbonization furnace 4 from being contaminated by the residual pyrolysis products, and to perform the high-temperature range carbonization process reliably and save the labor of maintenance.

Further, since the high temperature carbonization process is individually carried out by batch processing in a plurality of high temperature carbonization furnaces 4a, 4b, ..., It is surely sealed and heated to an extremely high high temperature region. In addition to the above, each high temperature carbonization furnace 4
Since a, 4b, ... Are respectively constituted by electric furnaces, heating to the above-mentioned high temperature range can be easily realized, and the temperature control can be accurately performed. In addition, since the above-mentioned high temperature region carbonization step is performed in an inert gas atmosphere, it is possible to prevent the charcoal pieces from disappearing due to self-combustion and surely convert them into calcined carbides.

Further, the low temperature carbonization process is continuously carried out in one low temperature carbonization furnace 1, and the continuously produced charcoal is sequentially distributed to a plurality of high temperature carbonization furnaces 4a, 4b, ... Since the high temperature region carbonization process is sequentially performed by the batch process in the furnace 4, the carbonaceous material is supplied from the supply means 2 to the low temperature carbonization furnace 1 to a plurality of high temperature carbonizations through the product hopper 61. It is possible to continuously process as a whole until the carbon material is taken out from the furnaces 4a, 4b, .... As a result, it is possible to speed up and increase the efficiency of the processing from the carbonaceous material to the carbonaceous material while satisfying the requirement for efficient and reliable execution of the high temperature region carbonization process. Moreover, since the low temperature region carbonization process is continuously performed, the low temperature carbonization furnace 1 can be downsized, which contributes to downsizing of the entire apparatus.

<Second Embodiment> -Structure of Carbonization Device-FIG. 3 shows a carbonization device for carrying out a carbonization method according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which reference numeral 7 is a power generation means. Book second
The embodiment relates to the invention described in claims 6 and 7.

The power generation means 7 generates steam by burning the combustible gas after the tar-like substance is removed by the tar trap 34 of the thermal decomposition product processing means 3'with the same waste wood as carbonaceous material. Boiler 71 and this boiler 7
Turbine 72 operated by steam generated by
And a generator 73 for generating power by the operation of the turbine 72
And with.

The thermal decomposition product processing means 3'is the afterburner 3 in the thermal decomposition product processing means 3 of the first embodiment.
5 is omitted and the downstream end of the outlet pipe from which the combustible gas is led out from the tar trap 34 is connected to the boiler 71. The combustible gas is mixed with combustion air and supplied to the boiler 71. It has become. This boiler 71
Is connected to the outlet side of the fine crusher 74 so that the wood pieces finely crushed by the fine crusher 74 are introduced for fuel, and the wood pieces are burned together with the combustible gas of the air mixture. It has become so. The turbine 72 is operated by the steam introduced from the boiler 71 through the steam introducing pipe 75.

In the supply means 2'shown in FIG. 3, the outlet side of the coarse crusher 22 has a chute cylindrical portion 24a of the constant quantity supply portion 24.
Is directly connected to the upper end opening of the pair of shutters 2 and the pair of shutters 2 described in the first embodiment is attached to the chute cylindrical portion 24a.
4c and 24d are provided at positions vertically separated by a predetermined distance.

The other constitution of the carbonizing device is the first.
Since it is similar to that of the embodiment, the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

-Carbonizing Method-In the second embodiment, the low temperature carbonization step in continuous treatment in the low temperature carbonization furnace 1 and the charcoal produced in the low temperature carbonization step are converted into charcoal pieces to obtain a plurality of high temperature materials. The distribution and supply by the transfer means 5 to the carbonization furnaces 4a, 4b, ... And the high temperature region carbonization step in the batch processing in each high temperature carbonization furnace 4 are performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. During the high temperature carbonization step, part or all of the electric power source for heating in the high temperature carbonization furnaces 4b, ... Is performed by using the electric power generated by the generator 73 of the power generation means 7. .

That is, the thermal decomposition product generated by the execution of the low temperature carbonization process in the low temperature carbonization furnace 1 is discharged as flue gas through the flue gas discharge pipe 31, and the pulverized coal is discharged from the flue gas by the cyclone 32 into wood vinegar. The liquid by the condenser 33
Further, the combustible gas remaining after the tar-like substances are separated and collected by the tar trap 34 is burned in the boiler 71. Then, the turbine 72 is operated by the steam generated in the boiler 71 to generate power in the generator 73, and the generated power is supplied as a power source for electric heating in each high temperature carbonization furnace 4.

Therefore, in the second embodiment, in addition to the same effect as that of the first embodiment, the thermal decomposition product generated in the low temperature region carbonization step can be effectively used as the thermal energy in the high temperature step. It is possible to save resources by effectively using waste energy.

Further, the exhaust gas after the combustible gas is made pollution-free by the combustion in the boiler 71 is supplied to, for example, the supply means 2 ', and the thermal energy of the exhaust gas is converted into heat for predrying the carbonaceous material. The waste energy can be effectively used by using it as energy or as heat energy for other purposes.

<Other Embodiments> The present invention is not limited to the first and second embodiments described above, but includes various other modifications. That is, in the first and second embodiments, four high-temperature carbonization furnaces 4 are shown, but the number is not limited to this, and the number of the high-temperature carbonization furnaces is not limited to the amount of charcoal produced in the low-temperature carbonization process by continuous treatment. It may be determined in the relationship of, for example, two or more. That is, by sequentially supplying the charcoal continuously produced in the low temperature carbonization process to a plurality of high temperature carbonization furnaces by batch processing,
The number of bases may be such that the above continuously generated amount of charcoal is distributed and supplied sequentially without delay.

[0055]

As described above, according to the carbonization method of the invention described in claim 1, there are two steps of the low temperature range carbonization step for pyrolysis and the high temperature range carbonization step for firing. Since it is divided into stages, the pyrolysis products are surely pyrolyzed in the low temperature region carbonization process in the first carbonization furnace, and the intermediate pyrolysis products before the firing process in the high temperature region carbonization process are completely separated and removed. Can be put into a closed state. Thereby, it is possible to improve the quality of the carbon material as the final carbide obtained by preventing the deterioration of quality due to the residual thermal decomposition products. Further, the low temperature range carbonization step in which the above-mentioned thermal decomposition products are generated is performed in the first carbonization furnace, and the high temperature range carbonization step is performed in the second carbonization furnace which is separate from the low temperature range carbonization step. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent contamination in the second carbonization furnace by the residual thermal decomposition products and perform the high temperature range carbonization step, and to reduce the maintenance labor. This makes it possible to efficiently carry out the carbonization and firing treatment from the carbonaceous material to the final carbide.

According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, heating is performed up to a high temperature range of 1000 to 3000 ° C. in the high temperature range carbonization step. It is possible to reliably carbonize the carbide and further graphitize it to obtain a high-quality carbon material that has been densified by firing shrinkage.

According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, since the second carbonization furnace is of an electrically heated type, the intermediate carbide is carbonized. It is possible to easily and surely perform heating up to an extremely high temperature range, and to accurately control the temperature.

According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the high temperature region carbonization step is performed in a state where the second carbonization furnace is in an inert gas atmosphere. Therefore, even if heated to a high temperature range where carbonization occurs, it is possible to reliably prevent oxidation of the intermediate carbide and perform firing to the final carbide in a state where there is almost no change in mass,
The final carbide can be efficiently obtained from the intermediate carbide.

According to the invention of claim 5, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, charcoal which is an intermediate carbide is produced by continuous treatment in one first carbonization furnace in the low temperature region carbonization step. Since the charcoal produced by this continuous treatment is sequentially and individually supplied to the plurality of second carbonization furnaces, the high temperature region carbonization step is sequentially performed by the batch type treatment in each second carbonization furnace. From the carbonaceous material that is continuously supplied to the carbonization furnace to the carbonaceous material that is the final carbide that is sequentially generated in the plurality of second carbonization furnaces, it is possible to continuously treat as a whole, speeding up the carbonization treatment and further It is possible to improve efficiency. Moreover, since the low temperature region carbonization process is performed continuously in one first carbonization furnace,
It is possible to reduce the size of the carbonization furnace and contribute to downsizing of the entire apparatus. In addition, since the high temperature region carbonization process is performed by the batch-type treatment in each second carbonization furnace, it is possible to easily and reliably perform heating up to an extremely high temperature region in a sealed state. .

According to the invention of claim 6, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the decomposition gas in the thermal decomposition product separated and removed in the low temperature region carbonization step is
Since it is burned together with the carbonaceous material separately from the first and second carbonization furnaces, it is possible to prevent pollution of the combustible components in the decomposition gas and to prevent environmental pollution when the combustible gas is directly discharged to the atmosphere. .

Further, according to the invention described in claim 7, in addition to the effect according to the invention described in claim 1, the steam is generated by the combustion of the decomposed gas to operate the turbine to generate power, and the power is generated. Since the electric heating in the second carbonization furnace is performed by the generated electric power, the thermal decomposition products generated in the low temperature range carbonization process can be effectively used as heat energy in the high temperature range carbonization process, and the waste energy Resource saving can be achieved by effective utilization of.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a carbonization apparatus in which a first embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between a temperature range, a treatment, and a carbide produced.

FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of a carbonization device in which a second embodiment is implemented.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Low temperature carbonization furnace (1st
Carbonization furnace) 3 Pyrolysis product treatment means 4, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d High temperature carbonization furnace (second
Carbonization furnace) 5 Transfer means 7 Power generation means 41 Inert gas cylinder 42 Inert gas introduction pipe 72 Turbine

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A low temperature range carbonization step in which a carbonaceous material is heated to a pyrolysis temperature range in a first carbonization furnace to separate and remove a pyrolysis product and obtain an intermediate carbide in a state where the pyrolysis product is removed. And a high temperature at which the intermediate carbide is introduced into a second carbonization furnace different from the first carbonization furnace, and the intermediate carbide is heated to a temperature range for carbonizing the intermediate carbide in the second carbonization furnace to obtain a final carbide. And an area carbonization step. 2. The carbonization method according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature carbonization step is performed by heating to a temperature range of 1000 to 3000 ° C. 3. The carbonization method according to claim 1, wherein the second carbonization furnace is of an electrically heating type. 4. The carbonization method according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature region carbonization step is performed in a state where the inside of the second carbonization furnace is in an inert gas atmosphere. 5. The low temperature region carbonization process according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization material is continuously supplied to one first carbonization furnace by a continuous treatment method of continuously producing intermediate carbides, while the intermediate carbides are continuously produced. It is characterized in that the plurality of second carbonization furnaces provided according to the production amount are sequentially supplied individually, and the high temperature region carbonization step is sequentially performed for each of the supplied second carbonization furnaces by a batch type processing method. Carbonization method. 6. The carbonization method according to claim 1, wherein the decomposition gas in the thermal decomposition product separated and removed in the low temperature carbonization step is burned separately by burning the carbonaceous material to render it pollution-free. 7. The second carbonization furnace according to claim 6, wherein the second carbonization furnace is of an electric heating type, and steam is generated by combustion of the cracked gas to operate a turbine to generate electric power. 2. A carbonization method, which is used as a power source for electric heating of a carbonization furnace.