JPH08300903A - Slip prevention device on frozen road - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a device not requiring large modification of the vehicle structurally, by which the slip of a vehicle can be prevented timely, adequately and efficiently, on the slip prevention device at the brake and start time of an automobile provided with a compressed air source on a frozen road. CONSTITUTION: A nozzle 4 for jetting an air from a position just before traveling direction of the tyre 2 of an automobile toward the contact point of the tyre with a road surface and a sand tank 8 are provided. A solenoid valve 22 is provided on the way to an air supply passage 11 to the nozzle 4. The sand tank 8 is connected to the nozzle 4 through an ejector 9 for sucking a sand by the air flow of the nozzle 4. The open/close of the solenoid valve 22 is carried out by the and signals of a manual switch 25, the temperature contact point 27 of a freezing detection sensor and the detection contact point 20 of a brake pedal pedaling action. A heater 7 and a nozzle temperature sensor 5 are provided in the nozzle port of the nozzle 4. The on/off of the electric power source of the heater 7 is carried out by the and signals of a manual switch 26 and a nozzle temperature contact point 28.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an anti-slip device for braking an automobile when a road surface freezes, and more particularly to the above device employed for a large automobile having a compressed air source.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Spike tires have long been used as a means for preventing the slipping of automobile tires when the road surface freezes. However, due to the problem of dust pollution on snow-free pavement, its use has been suspended. As an alternative to the spiked tire, various studless tires have been provided in which various consideration is given to the material of rubber and the tread pattern, but they are far inferior to the spiked tire in terms of the slip prevention action on the icy road. Therefore, there is a concern that vehicle accidents on frozen roads will increase.

It is well known that sprinkling sand on a frozen road surface is effective as a slip prevention means on a frozen road. For example, a sand box is installed on a slope of a mountain where it is easy to freeze, and the vehicle slips. It has been conventionally practiced to take out sand from the sand box and sprinkle it in front of the tire to start the vehicle when the vehicle cannot move.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made for the purpose of preventing an increase in automobile accidents caused by suspension of use of spiked tires. An object of the present invention is to obtain a vehicle slip prevention device on an icy road surface that can efficiently prevent vehicle slippage and structurally does not require major modification of the vehicle.

[0005]

According to the present invention, a nozzle 4 and a sand tank 8 for injecting air from a position immediately before the traveling direction of a tire 2 of an automobile toward a ground contact point between the tire and a road surface are provided. An electromagnetic valve 22 is provided in the middle of the air supply path 11 to the nozzle 4. The sand tank 8 and the nozzle 4 are connected via an ejector 9 that sucks the sand in the sand tank 8 by the air flow when the air is supplied to the nozzle 4. The ejector 9 is integrated with the nozzle 4 or the air flow path 2 between the nozzle 4 and the electromagnetic valve 22.
1 is provided.

The element group including the sand tank 8, the nozzle 4 and the ejector 9 may be provided on all front and rear wheels, or may be provided on only one of the front and rear wheels. In terms of braking effect, it is effective to install it on the front wheels,
In order to prevent slipping at the time of starting, it is installed on the drive wheels. To prevent skidding such as swinging when braking,
It is effective to install it on all four wheels.

A valve 12 may or may not be interposed between the sand tank 8 and the ejector 9. When the valve 12 is provided, this valve is opened and closed simultaneously with the electromagnetic valve 22. The valve 12 has a structure such as a diaphragm valve having a valve seat and a valve body made of rubber, which does not cause wear or leakage due to sand bite.

A pipe 1 connecting the sand tank 8 and the ejector 9
3 may be opened on the bottom surface of the sand tank 8, but the suction pipe 10 may be inserted into the sand 14 in the sand tank from above.
It is also effective to provide a structure in which the sand tank 8 is opened at the bottom. The latter structure is particularly effective as a structure in which the valve 12 is not provided between the sand tank 8 and the ejector 9.

When the electromagnetic valve 22 provided in the air flow path and the valve 12 provided in the sand pipe are opened and closed, the manual switch 25, the temperature contact 27 of the freeze detection sensor and the detection contact 20 of the brake pedal depression operation are used. It is performed by an AND signal. The freeze detection sensor 15 is provided at a position such as below the front end of the vehicle that is not affected by the heat generated by the vehicle. The temperature contact 27 has a freezing detection sensor 15 of 0 degrees Celsius.
Set so that it will close when it detects a temperature below 40 degrees. The brake pedal depression detection contact 20 can also be used as a stop lamp switch conventionally provided in a vehicle. However, if the anti-slip operation is performed only when necessary (it is possible to prevent wasteful consumption of sand), the operation is performed only when the brake pedal is depressed further than the operating point of the stop lamp switch. It is preferable to provide a dedicated switch.

The above-mentioned opening / closing control of the electromagnetic valves 12 and 22 can be realized by a sequence circuit, a digital electronic circuit, or software of a microcomputer.

At the nozzle port of the nozzle 4 for injecting air,
A heater 7 and a nozzle temperature sensor 5 are provided. The heater 7 is powered on / off by an AND signal from the manual switch 26 and the nozzle temperature contact 28 of the nozzle temperature sensor 5. The nozzle temperature contact 28 is used for the nozzle temperature sensor 5
Is set to close when detects less than or equal to 0 degrees Celsius.

[0012]

When the freezing detection sensor 15 detects that the road surface is frozen or is likely to be frozen due to the outside air temperature or the reflectance of the road surface, the temperature contact 27 is closed, and when the brake pedal is depressed in this state, The brake pedal depression contact 20 is closed, and an AND signal from both contacts 27, 20 opens the electromagnetic valve (first electromagnetic valve) 22 to release air from the nozzle 4 toward the grounding point between the tire 2 and the road surface. Is jetted. When the air is jetted from the nozzle 4, the sand 14 in the sand tank 8 is sucked by the action of the ejector 9, and the sand is mixed with the air jet and jetted to the contact point between the tire 2 and the road surface. Therefore, slippage between the tire 2 and the road surface during braking on an icy road is prevented.

The manual contact 25 stops the operation of the slip prevention device to prevent wasteful consumption of sand when there is no risk of slippage due to road surface conditions, or during low speed traveling in which starting and stopping are repeated, such as during congestion. Used to prevent. If the brake pedal depression detection contact 20 is provided separately from the stop lamp switch so as to operate only when the brake pedal is deeply depressed, the slip prevention device does not operate during normal braking,
The anti-slip device operates only during sudden braking where there is a risk of slip, and wasteful consumption of sand can be prevented.

When the slip prevention device of the present invention is provided on the drive wheels, when a slip occurs at the time of starting the vehicle, the brake is stepped on before the start of the vehicle to scatter sand at the contact point between the tire 2 and the road surface, and then the start operation is started. By doing so, slipping of the vehicle at the time of starting can also be prevented.

In the device of the present invention, the sand is supplied so as to be jetted toward the contact point between the tire 2 and the road surface by the air jet, so that the sand is scattered so as to bite into the ground contact surface between the tire and the road surface. A large amount of anti-slip effect can be obtained with a small amount of sand, and the anti-slip effect can be immediately exhibited. Further, since the sand in the sand tank 8 is sucked by the ejector, the supply of sand is surely stopped.

The heater 7 provided on the nozzle 4 prevents the water attached to the nozzle 4 from freezing and closing the nozzle.
The temperature of the portion where the nozzle 4 is provided is often higher than the atmospheric temperature due to running frictional heat of the tire and heat from the engine and exhaust pipe of the automobile. Therefore, the nozzle temperature sensor 5 is provided at the installation portion of the nozzle 4 to prevent wasteful consumption of electricity by the heater 7.

[0017]

EXAMPLE An example shown in the drawings will be described below. In FIG. 3, in front of the traveling direction of the tire 2 of the automobile 1,
A nozzle 4 and a nozzle temperature sensor 5 are mounted on a bracket 3 extending from the chassis or body. Nozzle 4
Has its nozzle opening directed to the contact point between the tire 2 and the road surface 6, and an electric heater 7 is wound around the tip of the nozzle 4. A sand tank 8 is arranged above the nozzle 4 (in the bonnet in the example of FIG. 3). The nozzle 4 is connected to an air tank 19 described later by an air pipe 11 via an ejector 9 provided immediately above the nozzle 4. The sand tank 8 is connected to the ejector 9 by a sand pipe 13 provided with a second electromagnetic valve 12. In the example of FIG. 3, the upper end of the sand pipe is open to the bottom of the sand tank 8,
The lower end opens to the side surface of the air flow path of the ejector 9.

As shown in FIG. 4, the sand pipe 13 may be provided so that the upper end thereof is inserted into the sand 14 in the sand tank 8 from above and the tip of the sand pipe 13 faces the bottom surface of the sand tank 8 and opens. . When the sand tank 8 is provided as shown in FIG. 4, it is not necessary to provide the second electromagnetic valve 12 in the sand pipe 13.

In FIG. 3, the freeze detection sensor 15 is attached to the front end of the vehicle at a position that is least affected by the heat of the engine and the exhaust pipe. This freezing detection sensor is a temperature sensor and detects the possibility of freezing of the road surface by detecting the outside air temperature.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an automobile air piping system together with a slip prevention device of the present invention. Although only one tire and an anti-slip device are shown in the figure, the similar air brake 16 and anti-slip device 17 are arranged on the other tires.

In FIG. 1, the compressed air supplied by the compressor 18 is stored in an air tank 19, and the air is supplied to the nozzle 4 via the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the ejector 9 by the nozzle pipe 11 drawn out from this air tank. To be done. The electromagnetic valve 22 opens and closes air to the nozzle 4, and when the electromagnetic valve 22 is opened, the nozzle 4 is opened.
The air is ejected from the nozzle 4 and the electromagnetic valve 22 is closed, so that the ejection of the air from the nozzle 4 is stopped. The first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 12 provided in the sand tank 8 are simultaneously opened and closed by a sequence circuit described later. Therefore, when the first electromagnetic valve 22 is opened and air is supplied to the nozzle 4, the sand 14 in the sand tank 8
Is sucked by the ejector 9 and is jetted together with air to the contact point between the tire 2 and the road surface.

When the brake pedal of the automobile is depressed, pressurized air is supplied to the master cylinder 23, and the brake oil in the oil reservoir 32 is supplied from the master cylinder to the brake device of each wheel to perform the braking operation. A stop lamp switch 24 is attached to the brake pedal, and when the brake pedal is depressed, the stop lamp switch is closed to turn on the stop lamp. In FIG. 1, 30 is a clutch booster and 31 is a T.
/ M booster, 33 is an air dryer, 34 is an exhaust brake, 35 is a magnetic valve, 36 is a low pressure switch, 37 is a check valve, 38 is a pressure regulator, 39 is an air gauge, 40 is an air horn, 41 is a brake valve, 42 is 42 It is a safety valve.

FIG. 2 is a sequence circuit diagram of the first electromagnetic valve 22, the second electromagnetic valve 12 and the electric heater 7.
The manual switches 25 and 26 shown in the figure are provided in the driver's seat of an automobile. The road surface temperature contact 27 is the freeze detection sensor 15
It is opened and closed by the output of. When the freezing detection sensor is a temperature sensor, the road surface temperature contact point 27 is closed when the outside air temperature becomes 0 degrees or less, and when a reflection sensor is used as the freezing detection sensor, the road surface reflection is reflected. The road surface temperature contact point 27 is closed when the rate becomes high (surface reflection of ice or diffuse reflection of high reflectance due to snow). The stop switch 24 closes when the brake pedal is depressed as described above.

When the road temperature contact 27 and the stop switch 24 are closed while the manual switch 25 is turned on (when the brake pedal is depressed while the road surface is frozen or is likely to be frozen), the relay 1 Also, the relay 2 operates and the first electromagnetic valve 22 and the second electromagnetic valve 12 are energized to open both valves 22 and 12. Therefore, air is jetted from the nozzle 4 and drawn by the air flow, the sand 14 in the sand tank 8 is jetted toward the ground contact surface between the tire 2 and the road surface together with the air jet. When the brake pedal is released, the stop switch opens and air and sand injection is stopped. When the road surface is in a state where there is no risk of freezing and when the driver turns off the manual switch 25, the air and sand injection does not occur even when the brake pedal is depressed.

The nozzle temperature contact 28 of FIG. 2 is opened and closed by the output of the nozzle temperature sensor 5 provided adjacent to the nozzle 4. That is, the nozzle temperature contact 28 is closed when the nozzle temperature sensor 5 detects a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius or less. With the manual switch 26 turned on, the nozzle temperature contact 2
When the switch 8 is closed, the relay 3 operates and the heater 7 is energized. This keeps the temperature around the nozzle below 0 degrees,
This prevents the water droplets attached to the nozzle 4 from freezing and closing the nozzle 4 while the vehicle is traveling.

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent slipping during vehicle braking when the road surface is frozen or there is snow, and it is possible to quickly stop the vehicle even when the road surface is frozen. , Effective in preventing car accidents.
Further, the structure is simple, and sand can be reliably and promptly supplied to the ground contact surface between the tire and the road surface, so that the reliability is high. Moreover, the sand is not consumed unnecessarily, and the sand is not excessively supplied, so that the consumption of the sand is small.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a main part of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a control sequence circuit.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view showing a state in which the vehicle is installed.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another structure of the sand tank.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Car 2 Tire 4 Nozzle 5 Nozzle Temperature Sensor 7 Heater 8 Sand Tank 9 Ejector 12 Second Electromagnetic Valve 13 Sand Piping 15 Freeze Detection Sensor 20 Brake Pedal Depth Detection Contact 22 1st Electromagnetic Valve 25 Manual Contact 27 Temperature Contact 28 Temperature Contact

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A nozzle (4) for injecting air from a front side of a vehicle tire (2) in the traveling direction toward a contact point between the tire (2) and a road surface, and an electromagnetic device for supplying and stopping air to this nozzle. Suction the sand (14) in the sand tank (8) by the air flow to or from the nozzle (4) downstream of the valve (22), sand tank (8) and solenoid valve (22). The ejector (9) arranged so that the freezing detection sensor (15) and its temperature contact (2
7) and a brake pedal depression detection contact (20), the electromagnetic valve (22) is opened and closed by an AND signal of the temperature contact (27) and the brake pedal depression detection contact (20). An anti-slip device for automobiles on frozen roads. 2. A second electromagnetic valve interposed between a manual contact (25) and a sand pipe (13) from the sand tank (8) to the ejector (9).
The second electromagnetic valve (12) and the electromagnetic valve (22) according to claim 1 are provided with a manual contact (25), a temperature contact (27) according to claim 1, and a brake pedal depression detection. The slip prevention device according to claim 1, which is opened and closed by an AND signal with the contact (20). 3. A nozzle temperature contact provided with a heater (7) and a nozzle temperature sensor (5) in the nozzle (4), and a power supply circuit of the heater (7) being opened and closed by the temperature detected by the nozzle temperature sensor (5).
The slip prevention device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein (28) is interposed.