JPH0825905A - Antislip assisting device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an antislip assisting device for a vehicle that can execute the formation of unevenness on the road surface. CONSTITUTION:Since antislipping grains 2-2 are heat-retained, frozen ice is temporarily melted and frozen again. The grains 2-2 are thereby fixed onto the road surface to form unevenness, thus preventing a slip. In the case of sprinkling water together with the grains 2-2, the wet grains 2-2 are rigidly fixed being frozen on the frozen road surface to form unevenness. Or when a slip is generated, a friction coefficient mu between a tire 4 and the road surface 5 is obtained, and the grain quantity corresponding to the mu value is scattered. The quantity of scatter can be thereby made minimum so as to enable the execution of scatter without waste while preventing dust pollution. Or the scatter speed is adjusted according to the vehicle speed to enable scatter without waste. Since grains existing in the natural world are used, no harm is done to human bodies.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an anti-slip device for a vehicle tire, and more particularly, to a vehicle anti-slip system in which anti-slip particles (hereinafter, also simply referred to as particles) are dispersed near the ground contact portion of the tire to prevent slip. The present invention relates to a slip prevention auxiliary device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In cold regions and the like, roads are apt to slip due to snow or freezing, and spike tires have been used in the past. However, spike tires loosen freezing and the road surface comes into contact with the tires. If this happens, the road surface will be scraped and dust pollution will be caused, so it is prohibited. Therefore, studless tires are becoming widespread as tires that do not easily slip. However, this studless tire causes a phenomenon called "Mirror Burn" that polishes the frozen road surface and makes it smooth,
On the contrary, there are many accidents such as rear-end collisions and collisions caused by slips at intersections, which is a problem. Therefore, as a measure against such slip, sand (particles) has been scattered on the road to prevent slipping, and therefore various sand spraying methods have been devised in which sand is mounted on a vehicle and sprayed on tires. Both methods are characterized in that sand is stored and sprayed on the front of the tire when necessary.

However, spraying sand on the road may cause new dust pollution, and therefore it has been attempted to minimize the amount of sand to be sprayed.
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-38204 discloses a method of applying a minimum amount of anti-slip agent by spraying a slip prevention agent for a predetermined time when the vehicle is easily braked or when the vehicle is started. In most of the other methods, the spraying operation is manually performed from the driver's seat.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned spraying at the time of brake operation or at the time of starting, the remaining amount of sand may decrease due to being blown by running wind or crosswind after spraying, and the effect may not be obtained. . Further, even when the friction coefficient between the tire and the road surface is high, sand is sprayed when slipping, which may cause a slippery road surface.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle slip prevention auxiliary device for appropriately forming unevenness on a road surface so as to prevent slip more reliably.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the structure of the present invention is mounted on a vehicle, and a vehicle slip prevention auxiliary device for spraying anti-slip particles stored in a tank in the vicinity of a ground contact portion of a tire. In, there is a particle heat retaining means for retaining the temperature of the anti-slip particles. Similarly, it has a water spraying means for spraying water with the anti-slip particles, detects or estimates the friction coefficient between the tire and the road surface, and sprays the amount of the anti-slip particles according to the friction coefficient. It is also a characteristic configuration that it has a friction coefficient dependent auxiliary means and a spray adjusting means for adjusting the spraying speed according to the vehicle speed.

In addition to the above-mentioned configuration, the configuration of the related invention is characterized by further comprising a slip determination means for detecting the slip of the tire and making a dispersion determination, and as a configuration related thereto, an acceleration sensor of a vehicle and It is characterized in that the slip is determined or the amount of the anti-slip particles sprayed or the spray speed is adjusted from the wheel speed and the vehicle speed. The present invention further has a feature that the anti-slip particles are plant seeds. With such a configuration,
It is characterized in that the particles that have been kept warm are sprayed to adhere to the frozen road surface to form irregularities, and the contact frictional force between the tire and the road surface is increased to prevent vehicle slippage. Also, by spraying with a mixture of particles and water, or a mixture of water and ice particles, particles can be attached to the road surface by utilizing the fact that water freezes,
By forming the unevenness, the contact frictional force between the tire and the road surface is increased to prevent the vehicle from slipping.

[0008]

[Function] Since the anti-slip particles are kept warm by the heater, when the anti-slip particles are sprayed on the road surface, the frozen ice on the road surface is temporarily melted and frozen again, so that the anti-slip particles are fixed on the road surface and uneven. To form. Further, since water is sprayed together with the anti-slip particles, the wet particles freeze on the frozen road surface and are fixed to form unevenness. Since the slip determining means detects the slip of the vehicle, the slip preventing particles are sprayed only when it is determined that the slip has occurred. Further, the friction coefficient between the tire and the road surface is detected or estimated by each sensor (acceleration sensor or the like), and the amount of the slip prevention particles corresponding to the friction coefficient is scattered. Furthermore, since the spraying speed is adjusted by the vehicle speed, a proper amount is sprayed on the tire.

It is also noted that even if one of the tires is locked by the brake operation while the vehicle is running, AB
S (anti-lock brake system), other rotation detection device, etc., or by the accelerator operation, the TRC (traction control) system detects that the tire has spun, detects the slip state, and interlocks with the detection device. Scatter particles such as sand.
In addition, the speed at which particles are emitted is controlled using a solenoid valve, and the particles are sprayed directly to the tire and the ground contact portion of the road surface without being affected by vehicle speed or cross wind. Alternatively, spray by instructing from the driver's seat. Organic particles existing in nature can be used for these particles.

[0010]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION By keeping the particles warm, when sprayed on the road surface, the frozen water on the road surface is temporarily melted and frozen again to fix the particles on the road surface and form irregularities. . By taking in these irregularities in the ground contact portion between the tire and the road surface, the contact frictional force is increased and slip is prevented. Also, by spraying water and particles, wet particles freeze and stick on the road surface, forming irregularities. By taking in these irregularities in the ground contact portion between the tire and the road surface, the contact frictional force is increased and slip is prevented. Further, since the slip is detected, the particles can be sprayed only when the slip occurs, and the waste can be sprayed without waste. Furthermore, the friction coefficient μ of the road surface can be estimated, and the amount of particles dispersed can be minimized by the size of the road surface μ to prevent dust pollution. Moreover, since the particles existing in nature are used, the human body is not harmed.

[0011]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below based on specific examples. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle 1 to which a particle spraying device 2 which is a vehicle slip prevention auxiliary device to which the present invention is applied is attached. Although FIG. 1 shows a diagram mounted only on the front part of the left front wheel, a similar device (not shown) is also installed on the right front wheel side so that both wheels can be balanced.

As shown in FIG. 2, the particle spraying device 2 has a container 2-1 storing particles (anti-slip particles) 2-2, and a particle feeding device 2-3 for quantitatively feeding the particles 2-2. container
It is installed at the bottom of 2-1. Container 2-1 is of course equipped with an inlet and stopper to replenish particles 2-2. The bottom of the container 2-1 is tapered so that the particles 2-2 can be easily delivered. In addition, a heat retaining device (heater) 2-4 for keeping the particles 2-2 warm is provided in the container 2-1. Then, a spray port 2-6 for spraying the particles 2-2 sent out from the lower part of the container 2-1 to the front part of the tire 4 is installed toward the front of the tire 4. Although FIG. 2 shows a diagram in which the container 2-1 and the particle feeding device 2-3 are directly connected, a pipe (not shown) may exist between them.

The particle feeding device 2-3 is a device for feeding the particles 2-2 by a predetermined amount, and is shown in FIG. 2 by a rotary feeder type structure, but of course other devices may be used. This particle feeder 2-3 is, for example, the switch 3 in the driver's seat.
This is a mechanism in which the rotary feeder is rotated by a predetermined angle by the operation of (Fig. 1) and the like, and a predetermined amount of particles 2-2 are sent.

The heat retaining device 2-4 removes water from the particles 2-2,
Keep it at a certain temperature to prevent the particles 2-2 from icing in the container 2-1. Keeping the particle 2-2 warm is to melt the ice on the frozen road surface with the heat of heat of the particle, and the particle 2-2 bites into the frozen road surface, thereby forming irregularities on the ice surface on the frozen road surface. Alternatively, even if the particles 2-2 do not bite, the water generated by melting the ice on the frozen road surface is cooled by the atmosphere or the surrounding ice and freezes again to fix the particles 2-2 to the road surface. Is aimed at.

Power source 2-5 required to disperse particles 2-2
Is a fixed quantity of particles 2-2 sent from the particle feeder 2-3.
Supply the power needed to discharge the spouts from the spouts 2-6. FIG. 2 shows a structure in which air is blown by compressing a device such as a bellows bellows. Alternatively, although not shown, a compressed air may be blown by a compressor or the like.

The particles 2-2 emitted from the spray port 2-6 are shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the tire 4 is sprayed toward the ground contact portion with the road surface. Since the dispersed particles 2-2- are kept warm, they melt the ice on the ground contact portion between the tire and the road surface or adhere to the ice to form unevenness on the road surface. As the vehicle body advances or the tire rotates, the unevenness on the road surface 4 is taken in between the tire contact surfaces, and the unevenness acts to increase the contact frictional force generated at the tire contact surface, thereby preventing tire slip. ing.

Particles 2-2 include sand grains and ice-melting agents (CMA, etc.)
Inorganic substances such as the above may be used, organic substances such as plant seeds, edible powder, pine powder, etc. may be used as long as they are powders or particulate substances. Regarding the particle size of particle 2-2,
In the case of sand and pine resin powder, it has been confirmed that tens of μm to several hundreds of μm are effective in preventing slip. We also confirmed the effect of sesame seeds (particle size: several mm) on plant seeds.

When the tire slips on a frozen road surface, the switch 3 activates the particle feeding device 2-3 of the particle spraying device 2 so that it can be operated according to the judgment of the driver, and the heat-insulated particle 2-2 is supplied in a predetermined amount. At the same time as sending out, the power source 2-5 necessary for spraying the particles 2-2 is driven to spray the particles 2-2 from the spray port to the tire and the ground contact portion of the road surface. The particles 2-2 adhere because the tire surface is wet with water, and on the road surface, the heat on the particles heats the ice on the frozen surface to form irregularities. In addition, the water generated by melting the ice on the freezing surface is cooled by the ambient temperature or the surrounding ice, and it freezes again and particles 2-2
Is attached to the road surface to form irregularities on the surface. Particles on the road surface and irregularities formed by melting particles of ice,
The unevenness caused by particles adhering to the road surface and the unevenness caused by particles adhering to the tire are captured between the tire and the road surface as the vehicle progresses or the tire rotates, and these irregularities act to cause contact on the tire ground contact surface. Increases frictional force and prevents tire slip.

Since the unevenness can be formed directly on the road surface by using the particles 2-2 that have been kept warm, the effect of slip prevention can be exerted even on a vehicle that is not equipped with a particle spraying device.

By making the type of the particles 2-2 to be sprayed into a granular substance from powder such as plant seeds, edible powder (such as wheat flour), and pine resin powder, slip prevention that is not harmful to the human body is realized. Furthermore, by combining the present invention with a particle spraying device of the known art, it is possible to obtain the same slip prevention effect as the present invention.

The particles 2-2 that have been kept warm may be taken into the ground contact portion between the tire and the road surface, so that they may be sprayed on the road surface in front of the tire or may be effective even when the vehicle moves backwards. It may be sprayed toward the tire surface or the road surface behind the tire.

Although one spray port 2-6 is required for each tire, one spray port 2-6 is provided in front of the front row of tires, and two spray ports are provided so that spray can be performed from the front or rear of each drive wheel. You may install more than one.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 3 shows a slip detector 6
It is an example in which a particle spraying device equipped with is installed in a vehicle. The slip detection device 6 is an anti-lock brake system (AB
S, not shown) or a wheel speed sensor (not shown) used in a traction control system (TRC, not shown) detects a slip of the tire,
The particle feeding device 2-3 and the particle power source 2-5 (not shown in FIG. 3) in the particle spraying device 2 are activated, and while the slip is occurring, the activation signal is continuously output to It is configured to carry out a fixed amount of spraying.

The particle spraying device 2 may have the structure of the particle spraying device shown in FIG. 2 described in the first embodiment, or may have the structure shown in FIG. The particle spraying device 2 shown in FIG. 4 has a container 2-1 and particles 2-2.
, A particle feeding device 2-3, a heat retaining device 2-4, a spray port 2-6, etc., but these have been described in the first embodiment, so details will be omitted. The particle sending device 2-3 is a device for sending out a predetermined amount of particles when activated by a signal from the switch 3 (Fig. 3) or the slip detection device 6, and a solenoid valve 2-3-1 is used in Fig. 4. An example is schematically shown. The solenoid valve 2-3-1 is opened by the activation signal, and the particles 2-2 are sent out from the container 2-1 by a predetermined amount and closed.

The motive power source 2-5 for discharging the particles 2-2 sprays a fixed amount of the particles 2-2 sent from the particle feeder 2-3.
It is for supplying the power required to release from 6. In Fig. 4, compressor and dryer 2-5-1
, A check valve 2-5-2, an air tank 2-5-3, and a solenoid valve 2-5-4 are used as an example in which compressed air is used as a power source for discharging particles. The air tank 2-5-3 is for storing compressed air for releasing particles, and the check valve 2-5-2 is used to stop the reverse flow on the compressor side. The pressure switch attached to the air tank is used to start and stop the compressor.

The solenoid valve 2-5-4 is operated by a spraying start signal from the switch 3 or the slip detection device 6 to open, and the amount and speed of compressed air are changed by directly adjusting the opening area and opening time. Can be discharged from the air tank 2-5-3.

By operating the brakes while the vehicle is running, it is detected that the tire has locked even one wheel, or
Particle feed in the device that sprays warm particles in conjunction with the operation of the anti-lock brake system, or by detecting that the tire spins due to accelerator operation, and / or in conjunction with the operation of the traction control system. The device 2-3 and the power source 2-5 that emits particles are activated, and a signal that keeps activating while slipping is transmitted to prevent tire slippage by performing a predetermined amount of spraying. In addition, the speed at which particles are emitted is made variable by controlling the opening area and opening time of the solenoid valve 2-5-4, so that the particles are not affected by the speed and running wind of the vehicle and are constantly discharged to the ground contact area between the tire and the road Can be sprayed.

In this way, by interlocking the activation of the slip detection device 6 and the particle spraying device 2, it is possible to prevent a brake at the time of a panic and a slip at the time of unintentional start. By changing the particle emission speed depending on the vehicle speed, it is possible to reliably disperse the particles to the ground contact portion between the tire and the road surface without being affected by the running wind, and to reliably take in the tire ground contact portion. it can.

(Third Embodiment) FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram in which a spraying amount control circuit 7 is added to the apparatus of the second embodiment.
The spread amount control circuit 7 detects the slip of the tire by the slip detecting device 6, and then calculates the friction coefficient μ of the road surface by the friction coefficient estimating means of the road surface to determine the degree of slip. In the case of slip, a road surface friction coefficient estimating means, for example, the acceleration / deceleration in the traveling direction of the vehicle body is detected from an acceleration sensor or the like (not shown), and the road surface friction coefficient μ (hereinafter also referred to as road surface μ) is determined from the change in the acceleration / deceleration. ) Is compared with a predetermined determination condition for a low μ road (low friction coefficient road surface) to determine the degree of slip. If it is determined that the vehicle is slipping on a low μ road, the amount of power required for particle emission is also calculated from the change in vehicle speed, and the required amount of particles and the amount of time required for particle dispersion are calculated from the estimated road surface μ to obtain the minimum Disperse the particles. When the slip is not present, of course, the particles are not sprayed, and even when the road is slipped, the spray is not performed even when the road surface is not determined to be a low μ road. Further, when particles enter a high μ road such as asphalt while being sprayed, the road surface is determined to be a high μ road (high friction coefficient road surface) and the spraying can be stopped. The spraying amount control circuit 7 of this embodiment is composed of a microcomputer, and the signal is processed digitally.

As an example of the calculation of the road surface μ, the flow chart shown in FIG. 6 is used. The slip detected by the vehicle speed sensor or the like is determined in step 604, and if there is no slip, it is not dispersed (step 606). If it is determined that there is a slip, in step 608 the road surface friction coefficient estimation means,
For example, the road surface μ is calculated by an acceleration sensor and the magnitude of the road surface μ is determined. If the road surface μ is large, there is no need to spray. Therefore, jump to step 606, and if the road surface μ is small, that is, if the road surface is slippery easily, as described above, the spray amount, spray time, etc. according to the road surface μ. The step 610
Then, the spraying device is started in step 612.

By using the spraying amount control circuit 7 having means for estimating the road surface μ to detect the slip of the tire from the slip detecting device, it is possible to more appropriately control the spraying conditions such as the spraying amount of particles and the spraying time. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the particles from being scattered more than necessary. Since the particles have heat retention heat and are adhered to the road surface, and the road surface μ is high, the slip rate and road surface μ are estimated, and the spray amount and spray time are adjusted according to the size of the road surface μ. Therefore, it is possible to prevent unnecessary particle dispersion and eliminate the concern of dust pollution.

(Fourth Embodiment) A particle spraying device 2 capable of forming an unevenness on the road surface by allowing water to adhere the particles to the road surface.
An example of is schematically shown in FIG. In this configuration, a device 2-7 for spraying water 2-7-3 is installed instead of the power source 2-5 for discharging particles shown in FIG. The device 2-7 for spraying water is composed of a water tank 2-7-1, water 2-7-3 and a solenoid valve 2-7-4. The water tank has a heat insulation device 2-7-2 with an insulating structure to keep the water warm. This heat insulation device 2-7-2
For example, when the engine of the vehicle is stopped, the heater turns on to prevent water from freezing when the temperature approaches 0 ° C, and while the engine is running, it keeps warm by using the hot engine cooling water. It may be configured.

The water 2-7-3 is always kept warm and can be sprayed, and the spray amount can be adjusted by the solenoid valve 2-7-4. Then, appropriate spraying is performed together with the amount of particles sprayed by adjusting the solenoid valve 2-3-1 of the particle feeder 2-3. These solenoid valves are implemented according to an instruction from a control device (not shown).

By releasing water and particles at the same time, water is included in the particles to increase the adhesion to the tire surface due to wetting, and at the same time, the water is frozen at the atmospheric temperature or ice on the road surface. Particles can be attached with. When water is released, it becomes water and ice particles or ice particles, so that ice particles and particles are sprayed, so that it is possible to reduce the amount of particles sprayed compared to spraying only particles. Further, by replacing the particle spraying device 2 for spraying water and particles with the particle spraying device in the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment, the slip prevention auxiliary device in which the amount of particles sprayed is reduced. Can be provided.

The anti-slip particles referred to in the claims are sand particles, ice-melting agents (CMA, etc.), pine resin powder, edible wheat flour, and sesame particles in the examples, but are not limited to these materials. Any material that does not cause pollution can be used as long as it has an effect of generating appropriate friction on the road surface.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle to which a particle spraying device that is a vehicle slip prevention auxiliary device is attached.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a particle scattering device that is a slip prevention auxiliary device.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle to which the particle spraying device of the second embodiment is attached.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a particle spraying device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle to which the particle spraying device of the third embodiment is attached.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart for calculating a road surface μ and determining dispersion.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a particle spraying device according to a fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Vehicle 2 Particle spraying device 2-1 Container 2-2 Particles (anti-slip particles) 2-3 Particle feeding device (rotary feeder, solenoid valve, etc.) 2-3-1 Solenoid valve 2-4 Heat insulation device (heater) 2- 5 Power source for releasing particles 2-5-1 Compressor and dryer 2-5-2 Check valve 2-5-3 Air tank 2-5-4 Solenoid valve 2-6 Spray port 2-7 Water spray device 2 -7-1 Water tank 2-7-2 Heat insulation device 2-7-3 Water 2-7-4 Solenoid valve 3 Switch 4 Tire 5 Road surface (frozen road surface) 6 Slip detection device 7 Spray amount control circuit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Suuma Matsui 1-1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya city, Aichi prefecture

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An anti-slip device for a vehicle, which is mounted on a vehicle and sprays anti-slip particles stored in a tank in the vicinity of a ground contact portion of a tire, having a particle heat retaining means for retaining the anti-slip particles. A vehicle slip prevention auxiliary device. 2. A slip prevention auxiliary device for a vehicle, which is mounted on a vehicle and sprays anti-slip particles stored in a tank in the vicinity of a ground contact portion of a tire, having water spraying means for spraying water together with the anti-slip particles. A vehicle slip prevention auxiliary device. 3. An anti-slip device for a vehicle, which is mounted on a vehicle and sprays anti-slip particles stored in a tank in the vicinity of a ground contact portion of a tire, wherein a friction coefficient between the tire and a road surface is detected or estimated, A slip prevention auxiliary device for a vehicle, comprising friction coefficient dependent auxiliary means for scattering the amount of the slip prevention particles according to the friction coefficient. 4. An anti-slip device for a vehicle, which is mounted on a vehicle and sprays anti-slip particles stored in a tank in the vicinity of a ground contact portion of a tire, having a spray adjusting means for adjusting a spray speed according to a vehicle speed. A vehicle slip prevention auxiliary device. 5. The vehicle slip prevention auxiliary device according to claim 1, further comprising a slip determination means for detecting a slip of the tire and determining a dispersion. 6. The slip determination or the dispersion amount or dispersion speed of anti-slip particles is adjusted based on the acceleration sensor of the vehicle, the wheel speed, and the vehicle speed.
The vehicle slip prevention auxiliary device described in. 7. The vehicle slip prevention auxiliary device according to claim 1, wherein the slip prevention particles are plant seeds.