FI105353B - Process and sanding devices for sanding a road or equivalent - Google Patents

Description

105353 \ *

METHOD AND GRINDING EQUIPMENT FOR GRINDING THE ROAD OR THE LIKE

The invention relates to a method and a sanding apparatus for sanding a road or the like, wherein the sand is scattered from a moving vehicle to a desired width to produce a sanded tramline, and wherein the sand is adhered to an icy substrate by heating

Traffic areas, such as highways and airports, become slippery as temperatures drop below 0 ° C. This causes the water on the surfaces to freeze or snow to form a slippery surface. At present, the use of salt and chemicals to prevent slippage is avoided as it is a hazard, especially in groundwater areas.

Traditionally, sand has been used as an anti-slip agent, but sand blasted onto 20 highways wipes off relatively quickly due to the strong air flow generated by vehicles. _ The loose sand on the ice surface also slides in under braking or in curved driving ahead of the tire without adding friction. come in a way effective enough.

25 ...: A solution to this problem was already presented in the Finnish patent ·.:. · No. 24754 whereby the sand was heated before it was scattered on a road or other passage. As a result of heating, the hot sand grain melts slightly below the ice and sinks into the recess formed by thawing and freezes there. This substantially improves the stability of the sand.

. . ·. However, the problem with this method is the amount of heating power required. The sand to be scattered is to be heated • · • · \. very hot as it cools quickly on its way to road 35. The grain size of the sand used to improve friction cannot be very large due to a number of reasons, eg a thin layer of ice: ·. because of which the big grain does not sink deep enough. On the other hand, a very small amount of heat cannot be stored in a small granule. The small grain will release a small amount of 40 heat bound to it during cold weather, or scattering.

2 105353

When the granule encounters an ice surface after a cooling air flight, it no longer has enough heat energy to melt the ice. Sufficient melting, sinking, re-freezing, catching does not occur.

5

Finnish Patent No. 94448 discloses a slightly modified method in which the ice surface is unevenly processed and the sanded surface is heavily heated. Because the heating takes place inside a closed cube, the required heating power is achieved by, for example, an oil burner. However, here too, the heating power required is considerable. In practice, the sanding speed has also remained quite low at about 20 km / h.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and better sanding method and apparatus for performing sanding quickly, reliably and by simple means. Characteristic features of the method of the invention are set forth in the appended claim 1. Characteristic features of the respective sanding apparatus 20 are set forth in the appended claim 7. In the method of the invention, the heating power requirement drops by a fraction of the previous methods. Specially .:. when the heat is generated by the friction between the grain and the Jalas • 4 · ·: the grain of sand immediately receives this heat * / "25 itself. In addition, the grain of sand is under pressure; * which otherwise produces a film of water under the pressure of Jalas.

In the following, the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows a sanding device according to the invention.

*: * The sanding device according to the invention is constructed conventionally]! to the sand shaker. In the picture, reference numeral 3 is marked. a vehicle fitted with a conventional spreader system 35 and the skids according to the invention 2. The sand shaker is mounted in connection with a sand extractor 5 conventionally mounted behind the blade 4. Particularly, the sand shredder 1 comprises a rotatable spreading plate 6 · which allows the sand to be thrown to a desired width of 3 5 535 353 /. Known diffusers of other types, in particular tail plates, are also suitable for this purpose.

Behind the sanded area are slides 7, several of which are parallel to each other, covering the entire sanding width. The skids are secured to the rear of the vehicle by a boom 9 driven by a hydraulic actuator 10. Between the boom 9 and the skids is a spring pressure device 8 which eliminates pressure shocks to the actuator caused by small unevenness.

10

The feet preferably have a length of 0.8 to 1.5 m and a width of 5 to 20 cm. The footbeds apply friction and pressure to the substrate after scattering, allowing the sand to warm and sink into the ice. By means of the actuator 10, the booms and further 15 slides can be pressed against the road, whereby the pressure effect can be predetermined. With the sanding device according to the invention, the working speed can be thought of up to 60 km / h. The product of the pressure response time t (s) and the amount p (N / m2) is between 300 and 3000 Ns / m2. The pressure effect under Jalas is not a smooth but continuous function that depends on Jalas; ·! stiffness and weight distribution to Jalas. Therefore, the above-mentioned product can also be thought of as integral. The length and flexibility of the skid can be varied, if desired, to provide optimal performance for the particular road conditions.

•• ί 25 • «·

Instead of the skid, one can think of using either a dragging or i · «* · '' fast-rotating wheel that produces a frictional effect.

On the other hand, instead of or in addition to the post-scattering Jalas, the pre-scattering foot pad 30 can be used to create a film of water in which the sand is trapped.

• · * • * · • · ·

Preferably, the anterior Jalas is grooved at 10-20 mm intervals, * 'whereby the resulting grooves collect higher sand in the scattering

Ml, layer, which improves the stability of the sand. As the grooves 35 level out, new sand emerges from the grooves.

• * «·« ·

• M

Transverse grooving is also useful in addition to or instead of longitudinal grooving.

4, 105353

Particularly in hard freezes, the foot can be heated by external energy, such as vehicle exhaust energy, if the friction is not sufficient to achieve the desired result.

5 Naturally, the machine or the vehicle itself can be fitted with a normal planing blade, for example, to level poles.

»·» · • * * • • • • «« «« «i« i * _ · · II * • · • ««.

• I

• ·

• M

· ♦ · «· ♦ · •« «, I * * • ·« · t · f «•« * · _ · * «« ·

Claims (11)

A method of sanding a road or the like, comprising spraying sand from a moving vehicle 5 (3) to a desired width to form a sanded tramline, and attaching the sand to an icy substrate (11) by heating the sand particles to thaw itself into the ice surface or for defrosting ice momentarily, characterized in that the substrate (11) is subjected to a frictional and pressure action either immediately before and / or after the scattering. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that, after the sand is scattered, a plurality of parallel Jalas-like bodies are dragged to cover the desired sanding widths which exert a high frictional action against the substrate (11) and the sand particles, which produces said thermal effect. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the product of the pressure response time t (s) and the amount p (N / m2) is between 300 and 3000 Ns / m2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the sand has been scattered, it is pulled along a substrate on a wheel which rotates at a speed different from the pulling speed. ♦ · · · ·: * · *: 5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an element such as Jalas is dragged against the substrate immediately before the scattering point; ··· • · • · • «e» 'f 5, 105353 The process according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 35 m, characterized in that the dragged Jalas or the wheel is grooved. • IMI «I I I I • · · Vehicle sanding device for sanding a road or the like, comprising a sand scourer 105353 (1), characterized in that it comprises a series of skid steerable towers (7) that are pulled after the screed device (1) and cover the desired sanding width and which adapted to provide a strong frictional and pressure effect on the substrate, whereby the heat and pressure generated attach the sand particles to the ice surface of the substrate. Sanding device according to claim 7, characterized in that each Jalas (7) is connected to the vehicle by a pivot boom 10 (9) and for each boom (9) the sanding device includes an actuator (10) for weighting the jaw (7). Sanding device according to Claim 7, characterized in that a press spring (8) is provided between each boom (9) and the Jalas (7), by means of which the Jalas (7) are able to follow the roughness of the road. Sandblasting according to claim 7, 8 or 9; device characterized in that each Jalas (7) has a length of 0.8 to 1.5 m. Sanding device according to one of Claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the width of each Jalas (7) is 15 * 1 1. - 35 cm. • · «