JPH08296915A - Absorption refrigerating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent a refrigerant mixed with an absorption liquid from being supplied to an evaporator. CONSTITUTION: This invention relates to an absorption refrigerating machine comprising two kinds of operation medium systems in which a high temperature generator 1, a low temperature generator 3 of a low temperature generator shell 2 with a fraction column 4 and a first evaporation/absorber shell 5 are connected to constitute a first refrigerating cycle, and the low temperature generator shell 2, a partial condenser/condenser shell 11 and a second evaporator/absorber shell 8 are connected to constitute a second refrigerating cycle, A refrigerant piping 45 is provided with a shutoff valve 63 while an upstream side piping of the shutoff valve 63 is connected to a refrigerant piping 44 through the shutoff valve 64 so that the action of fraction in the fraction column 4 can be delivered sufficiently. A controller 71 is provided to output a control signal so that the shutoff valve 63 is closed while the shutoff valve 64 is opened, for example, until 30 minute passes after the closing of a switch for starting operation and the shutoff valve 63 is opened while the shutoff valve 64 is closed when another 30 minute passes.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerating machine, and more particularly to an absorption refrigerating machine having two types of working medium systems and having high thermal efficiency.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of absorption refrigerator,
For example, an apparatus having the configuration shown in FIG. 2 is known.

In FIG. 2, 1 is a high temperature generator, 2 is a low temperature generator cylinder having a low temperature generator 3 and a rectification column 4, and 5 is a first evaporator comprising an evaporator 6 and an absorber 7.・ Absorber cylinder, 8
Is a second evaporator / absorber cylinder composed of an evaporator 9 and an absorber 10, 11 is a partial condenser / condenser cylinder composed of a partial condenser 12 and a condenser 13, and 14 ・ 15 ・ 16 ・ 17 ・18 is a pump,
21, 22 and 23 are heat exchangers, and the absorption liquid pipe 31.
32, 33, 34 and refrigerant pipes 41, 42, 43, 44
First refrigeration, which is connected by piping through 45, and which uses the high-temperature generator 1, the low-temperature generator 3, and the first evaporator / absorber barrel 5, for example, water as a refrigerant and lithium bromide aqueous solution as an absorption liquid. The second cycle of the cycle and the low-temperature generator cylinder 2, the dephlegmator / condenser cylinder 11 and the second evaporator / absorber cylinder 8 uses, for example, trifluoroethanol as a refrigerant and n-methylpyrrolidone as an absorption liquid. A refrigerating cycle is configured, and cold water is circulated and supplied to an indoor unit (not shown) or the like by a cold water pipe 51 that is routed through the inside of the evaporators 6 and 9 so that cooling operation can be performed.

Reference numeral 52 is a heat source pipe for supplying high-temperature and high-pressure steam to the high-temperature generator 1, and 53 is provided so as to sequentially pass through the inside of the absorbers 7 and 10 and the inside of the dephlegmator / condenser barrel 11. The cooling water pipe 51 is connected to an outdoor unit (not shown) or an appropriate warm wastewater source, or is connected so that river water can be taken in, and the cooling water pipe 53 is connected to an indoor unit (not shown). The heating operation using the heat pump function is also possible.

That is, in the cooling operation of the absorption refrigerating machine illustrated in FIG. 2, the dilute liquid of the absorber 7 becomes the heat exchanger 21.
The concentrated liquid, which has been concentrated by evaporating and separating the refrigerant by the heating action of the steam flowing through the heat source pipe 52 in the high temperature generator 1 via the heat exchanger 22, passes through the heat exchanger 22. 9, the refrigerant vapor generated and separated in the high temperature generator 1 is condensed via the low temperature generator 3 and the heat exchanger 21 and flows into the evaporator 6, and the inside of the cold water pipe 51 is absorbed by the endothermic action during evaporation. The water flowing through is cooled.

Further, the dilute liquid of the absorber 10 flows into the low temperature generator barrel 2 via the heat exchanger 23, and the concentrated liquid concentrated by evaporating and separating the refrigerant in the low temperature generator barrel 2 is the heat exchanger. After the refrigerant vapor flowing into the absorber 10 via 23 and generated and separated in the low temperature generator 3 is rectified in the rectification tower 4, the partial condenser 12
Flows into.

The liquid condensed in the dephlegmator 12 returns to the rectification column 4 through the refrigerant pipe 44, and is not condensed in the dephlegmator 12 but enters the condenser 13 and the condensed liquid refrigerant flows into the evaporator 9. Then
The water that flows inside the cold water pipe 51 is further cooled by the endothermic action during evaporation, and is circulated and supplied to an indoor unit (not shown) to perform the cooling action.

In the heat source pipe 52, for example, electromagnetic type on-off valves 61 and 62 are installed together with the gas-liquid separator 52a as shown in the figure, and by opening and closing these on-off valves, a high temperature which is a heat source. The supply / stop of high-pressure steam to the high-temperature generator 1 is controlled, and the generation / separation of the refrigerant can be controlled.

Further, the heat generated when the refrigerant is absorbed by the absorbing liquid in the absorbers 7 and 10 is carried by the cooling water flowing through the cooling water pipe 53 to an outdoor unit (not shown) or a cooling tower and radiated to the outside air. It

On the other hand, the cooling water pipe 53 is connected to the indoor unit,
The heat generated when the refrigerant is absorbed by the absorbing liquid in the absorbers 7 and 10 and the cooling water (hot water) heated by the refrigerant vapor in the demultiplexer / condenser body 11 are circulated and supplied to the indoor unit for heating. At the time of operation, the cold water pipe 51 is connected to an outdoor unit or an appropriate warm wastewater source, or connected so that river water can be taken in,
The refrigerant is evaporated in the evaporators 6 and 9.

By connecting the cold water pipe 51 and the cooling water pipe 53 as described above, a so-called heat pump operation can be performed in which heat is drawn from the low temperature heat source to perform heating operation.

[0012]

However, in the absorption refrigerator having the above-mentioned rectification column, the rectification of the refrigerant cannot be sufficiently performed at the start of the rectification operation. There is a problem that the refrigerant mixed with the liquid is supplied to the evaporator, the evaporation pressure of the refrigerant rises, and the performance of the absorption refrigerator is not sufficiently exhibited.

Therefore, in order to prevent the concentration of the absorbing liquid in the refrigerant in the evaporator from rising, measures such as blowing a certain amount of the refrigerant from the evaporator to the absorber have been taken. Since all of the refrigerant is absorbed by the absorbing liquid and circulates as a dilute liquid, it must be heated again to evaporate and separate the refrigerant, and there is a problem that the thermal efficiency is poor. The solution was a problem.

[0014]

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and includes a high temperature generator and
A first refrigeration cycle in which a low temperature generator of a low temperature generator cylinder equipped with a rectification tower and a first evaporator / absorber cylinder including a first evaporator and a first absorber are connected by piping. And a low temperature generator cylinder, a partial condenser / condenser cylinder including a partial condenser and a condenser, and a second evaporator including a second evaporator and a second absorber. In an absorption refrigerator comprising two kinds of working medium systems, which constitutes a second refrigeration cycle by connecting a pipe to an absorber body,

A first opening / closing valve is provided in a circulating pipe for condensing refrigerant connecting the condenser and the second evaporator.
A first configuration in which an upstream pipe of the on-off valve and a reflux liquid pipe for refluxing the condensate from the partial condenser to the rectification column are connected via a second on-off valve.

In the first configuration, the first and second
The on-off valve of is configured by a valve that operates by inputting a control signal from the outside, and closes the first on-off valve and opens the second on-off valve until a predetermined time elapses from the start of operation, A second configuration including a valve control device that outputs a control signal that opens the first on-off valve and closes the second on-off valve after the lapse of the predetermined time;

In the second configuration, the control device includes means for detecting the temperature of the solution heated by the high temperature or low temperature generator or the temperature of the refrigerant condensed by the partial condenser regardless of the elapse of a predetermined time. When the temperature detecting means detects a temperature lower than the predetermined temperature, the first opening / closing valve is closed and the second opening / closing valve is opened, and when the temperature above the predetermined temperature is detected, the first opening / closing valve is opened and the second opening / closing valve is opened. A third configuration configured to output a control signal for closing the on-off valve of

In the second configuration, the valve control device is provided with means for detecting the internal pressure of any one of the high temperature generator, the low temperature generator, the rectification column and the condenser regardless of the passage of a predetermined time. The first opening / closing valve is closed and the second opening / closing valve is opened when the detecting means detects a pressure lower than the predetermined pressure, and the first opening / closing valve is opened to open the second opening / closing when the pressure higher than the predetermined pressure is detected. And a fourth configuration configured to output a control signal to close the valve.

[0019]

[Operation] Refrigerant is not sufficiently rectified in the rectification tower when the operation has not started for a long time, and refrigerant vapor containing a relatively large amount of absorbing liquid flows into the dephlegmator / condenser barrel. However, when there is a concern that the absorbing liquid will condense with the refrigerant and flow into the evaporator, the first on-off valve is closed and the second on-off valve is opened so that the condensate containing the absorbing liquid is rectified. Reflux to the column prevents the absorption liquid from flowing into the evaporator.

In particular, the first and second on-off valves are composed of valves which operate by receiving a control signal from the outside, and are heated by a high temperature or low temperature generator until a predetermined time elapses from the start of operation. First opening / closing when the temperature of the generated solution or the temperature of the refrigerant condensed by the dephlegmator is lower than a predetermined temperature, or when the internal pressure of the high or low temperature generator / rectification column / condenser is lower than the predetermined pressure. The valve is closed and the second
After opening the open / close valve for a predetermined period of time, or when the temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature or when the pressure is equal to or higher than the predetermined pressure, the first open / close valve is opened and the second open / close valve is closed. Claim 2 comprised so that a control device may be provided.
In the absorption refrigerator of 3.4,

The rectification of the refrigerant in the rectification column is not sufficient, and the refrigerant vapor containing a relatively large amount of absorbing liquid flows into the dephlegmator / condenser barrel, and the absorbing liquid is not only in the dephlegmator but also in the condenser. At the beginning of the operation, the condensate from both the dephlegmator and the condenser barrel will flow back to the rectification column, and the rectification will be carried out sufficiently. Then, the first and second on-off valves are automatically switched so that the condensate of the partial condenser flows back to the rectification column and the condensate of the condenser flows into the evaporator.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In addition, in FIG. 1, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 have the same functions as those described with reference to FIG. 2, and description thereof is omitted within the range that does not hinder the understanding of the present invention.

In the figure, 63 and 64 are electromagnetic on-off valves, and 71 is a control device for controlling the opening and closing of the on-off valves 63 and 64. This control device 71 has a timing function (not shown) and a main control (not shown). After the operation start switch of the equipment is turned on or each pump is started, the high temperature generator 1
Of the solution reaches a predetermined liquid level and the on-off valves 61 and 62 are opened to supply high-temperature and high-pressure steam to the high-temperature generator 1, and the elapsed time is measured. For example, the opening / closing valve 63 is closed and the opening / closing valve 64 is opened until 30 minutes have elapsed since the operation start switch was turned on, and the opening / closing valve 63 is opened and the opening / closing valve 64 is opened after 30 minutes have elapsed. A required control signal for closing is output based on time to control opening / closing of each of the on-off valves 63 and 64.

That is, in the absorption refrigerating machine of the present invention, the rectification action in the rectification column 4 is insufficient, and the fractionator / condenser barrel 11 contains a relatively large amount of absorbing liquid. At the initial stage of the operation in which the steam flows in, all of the condensate produced by cooling the dephlegmator / condenser barrel 11 is returned to the rectification column 4, and the rectification action is sufficiently exerted to achieve the rectification column. The condensate produced in the dephlegmator 12 returns to the rectification column 4 only after a lapse of a predetermined time from when the vapor having a low absorption liquid ratio flows into the dephlegmator / condenser barrel 11 from 4. The on-off valves 63 and 64 are controlled so that the condensate generated in the condenser 13 flows into the evaporator 9.

Therefore, since the absorbing liquid hardly flows into the evaporator 9, the evaporating action of the refrigerant is exerted as designed and the water flowing through the cold water pipe 51 is efficiently cooled.

The control device 71 closes the on-off valve 63 until the elapsed time after opening the on-off valves 61 and 62 and starting to supply high temperature and high pressure steam to the high temperature generator 1 reaches a predetermined time, for example, 30 minutes, Even if the opening / closing valve 64 is opened and the opening / closing valve 63 is opened and the opening / closing valve 64 is closed after the lapse of the predetermined 30 minutes, the same effect as the above can be obtained.

Further, the controller 71 indicates that the temperature data measured and output by the temperature sensor 72 installed at the position shown in the drawing of the absorbing liquid pipe 32, that is, the temperature of the concentrated liquid heated by the high temperature generator 1 and flowing out. For example, until the temperature reaches 125 ° C., or the temperature data measured and output by the temperature sensor 73 installed at the position shown in the drawing of the absorbing liquid pipe 34, that is, the temperature of the concentrated liquid heated and discharged from the low temperature generator 3 is, for example, 7
Until reaching 0 ° C., or the temperature data measured and output by the temperature sensor 74 installed at the position shown in the drawing of the refrigerant pipe 44, that is, the temperature of the condensate condensed and discharged from the partial condenser 12 becomes, for example, 32 ° C. Until it reaches the limit, the on-off valve 63 is closed, the on-off valve 64 is opened, and when the temperature exceeds the predetermined temperature, the on-off valve 63 is opened and a control signal for closing the on-off valve 64 is output to control the on-off valves 63, 64. Even with this configuration, the same operational effect as described above can be obtained.

The temperature sensors 72, 73, and 74 can be installed in the corresponding containers.

Further, in the control device 71, the pressure data measured and output by the pressure sensor 75 installed in the gas phase portion of the high temperature generator 1, that is, the pressure in the high temperature generator 1 is, for example, 4.7.
Until the pressure reaches 10 ⁻² MPa (350 mmHg), or the pressure data measured and output by the pressure sensor 76 installed in the gas phase portion of the low temperature generator 3, that is, the pressure in the low temperature generator 3 is 1.4 ×, for example. 10 ^-2 MPa (104 mmH
g) or pressure data measured and output by the pressure sensor 77 installed at the upper part of the rectification tower 4, that is, the pressure in the rectification tower 4 is, for example, 1.3 × 10 ⁻² MPa (9
8 mmHg), or the pressure data measured and output by the pressure sensor 78 installed at the position of the gas phase portion of the condenser 13, that is, the pressure in the condenser 13 is, for example, 1.
Until the pressure reaches 3 × 10 ^-2 MPa (98 mmHg), the on-off valve 63 is closed, the on-off valve 64 is opened, and when the temperature exceeds the predetermined temperature, the on-off valve 63 is opened and the control signal for closing the on-off valve 64 is output. Even if it is configured to control the opening / closing of the on-off valves 63 and 64, the same effect as the above can be obtained.

Since the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the claims.

[0031]

As described above, according to the absorption refrigerating machine of the present invention, the rectification of the refrigerant in the rectification column is not sufficiently carried out when the operation has not started for a long time, and the absorption chiller is absorbed. When there is a concern that refrigerant vapor containing a relatively large amount of liquid will flow into the dephlegmator / condenser cylinder and the absorbing liquid will condense with the refrigerant and flow into the evaporator, the first on-off valve will be closed and the second open / close will be performed. By opening the valve, the condensate with a high concentration of absorption liquid flows back to the rectification column, and the inflow of absorption liquid to the evaporator is blocked, so the evaporation effect in the evaporator is suppressed and the capacity drops. There is no such concern.

In particular, the first and second on-off valves are constituted by valves which operate by receiving a control signal from the outside, and are heated by a high temperature or low temperature generator until a predetermined time elapses from the start of operation. First opening / closing when the temperature of the generated solution or the temperature of the refrigerant condensed by the dephlegmator is lower than a predetermined temperature, or when the internal pressure of the high or low temperature generator / rectification column / condenser is lower than the predetermined pressure. The valve is closed and the second
After opening the open / close valve for a predetermined period of time, or when the temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature or when the pressure is equal to or higher than the predetermined pressure, the first open / close valve is opened and the second open / close valve is closed. Claim 2 comprised so that a control device may be provided.
In the absorption refrigerator of 3.4,

The rectification of the refrigerant in the rectification column is not sufficient, and the refrigerant vapor containing a relatively large amount of absorbing liquid flows into the dephlegmator / condenser barrel, and the absorbing liquid is not only in the dephlegmator but also in the condenser. At the beginning of the operation, the condensate from both the dephlegmator and the condenser barrel will flow back to the rectification column, and the rectification will be carried out sufficiently. In addition, the first and second on-off valves are automatically switched so that the condensate of the dephlegmator flows back to the rectification tower and the condensate of the condenser flows into the evaporator. There is.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 High temperature generator 2 Low temperature generator cylinder 3 Low temperature generator 4 Fractionation tower 5 First evaporator / absorber cylinder 6 Evaporator 7 Absorber 8 Second evaporator / absorber cylinder 9 Evaporator 10 Absorber 11 Decompressor / condenser cylinder 12 Decompressor 13 Condenser 14 ・ 15 ・ 16 ・ 17 ・ 18 Pump 21 ・ 22 ・ 23 Heat exchanger 31 ・ 32 ・ 33 ・ 34 Absorption liquid piping 41 ・ 42 ・ 43 ・ 44 ・45 Refrigerant pipe 51 Cold water pipe 52 Heat source pipe 53 Cooling water pipe 61 ・ 62 ・ 63 ・ 64 Open / close valve 71 Control device 72 ・ 73 ・ 74 Temperature sensor 75 ・ 76 ・ 77 ・ 78 Pressure sensor

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Yuito Kobayashi, 2-5-5 Keihan Hon-dori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Kazuya Hirose, 2 Keihan-hondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka 5-5, Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A high temperature generator, a low temperature generator of a low temperature generator cylinder equipped with a rectification column, and a first evaporator / absorber cylinder comprising a first evaporator and a first absorber. A first refrigeration cycle by connecting the pipes to the low temperature generator cylinder,
The second condenser is formed by connecting the condenser / condenser cylinder including the condenser and the condenser and the second evaporator / absorber cylinder including the second evaporator and the second absorber by pipe connection. Constituting a refrigeration cycle 2
In an absorption refrigerating machine composed of various types of working medium systems, a first opening / closing valve is provided in a circulation pipe of a condensed refrigerant connecting the condenser and the second evaporator, and an upstream side of the first opening / closing valve. An absorption refrigerator, wherein a pipe and a reflux liquid pipe for refluxing a condensate from the dephlegmator to the rectification column are connected via a second opening / closing valve. 2. The first and second opening / closing valves are valves that operate by inputting a control signal from the outside, and the first opening / closing valve is closed until a predetermined time elapses from the start of operation. 2. The absorption according to claim 1, further comprising: a valve control device that opens the second opening / closing valve and outputs a control signal that opens the first opening / closing valve and closes the second opening / closing valve after the predetermined time has elapsed. Refrigerator. 3. The valve control device comprises means for detecting the temperature of the solution heated by the high-temperature or low-temperature generator or the temperature of the refrigerant condensed by the partial condenser regardless of the lapse of a predetermined time.
When the temperature detecting means detects a temperature lower than the predetermined temperature, the first opening / closing valve is closed and the second opening / closing valve is opened, and when the temperature above the predetermined temperature is detected, the first opening / closing valve is opened and the second opening / closing valve is opened. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 2, wherein the absorption refrigerator is configured to output a control signal for closing the on-off valve. 4. The valve control device comprises means for detecting the internal pressure of any one of a high temperature generator, a low temperature generator, a rectification column and a condenser regardless of the passage of a predetermined time, and the pressure detecting means is a predetermined value. Control for closing the first opening / closing valve and opening the second opening / closing valve when a pressure lower than the pressure is detected, and opening the first opening / closing valve and closing the second opening / closing valve when detecting a pressure above the predetermined pressure. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 2, wherein the absorption refrigerator is configured to output a signal.